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1、语法复习六：状语从句语法复习六：状语从句 由从句担任的状语，在句子中可修饰谓语（或其它动词）、形容词、副词或是整个句子，它可以用来表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等。状语从句是一较大的语法项目，也是近几年高考题中常见的一个重要试点。高考中已考查了时间、让步、地点、条件、目的等状语从句，这些从句仍是今后高考热点，应作充分准备。同时对方式状语从句也应引起重视。（一）时间状语从句（一）时间状语从句 表示时间的状语从句可由when, as, while, whenever, after, before, till (until), since, once, as soon as
2、 (或the moment ), by the time, no sooner than, hardly (scarcely) when, every time等引导。 e.g. When I came into the office, the teachers were having a meeting. He started as soon as he received the news. Once you see him, you will never forget him. No sooner had I gone to bed than I went to sleep.（二）原因状语
3、从句（二）原因状语从句 原因状语从句是表示原因或理由的，引导这类从句的最常用的连词是because, since, as , now that（既然）等，for 表示因果关系时（它引导的不是从句）为并列连词，语气不如because强。 e.g. He is disappointed because he didnt get the position. As it is raining, I will not go out. Now that you mention it, I do remember.（三）地点状语从句（三）地点状语从句引导地点状语从句的连词是where 和wherever等。
4、 e.g. Sit wherever you like. Make a mark where you have a question. （四）目的状语从句四）目的状语从句 引导目的状语从句最常用的词（组）是so, so that（从句谓语常有情态动词）, in order that, in case（以防，以免）等。 e.g. Speak clearly, so that they may understand you. She has bought the book in order that she could follow the TV lessons. He left early in
5、 case he should miss the train.（五）结果状语从句（五）结果状语从句 结果状语从句是表示事态结果的从句，通常主句是原因，从句是结果。由so that （从句谓语一般没有情态动词）, so that, such that等引导。 e.g. She was ill, so that she didnt attend the meeting. He was so excited that he could not say a word. She is such a good teacher that everyone admires her.（六）条件状语从句（六）条件
6、状语从句 条件状语从句分真实性（有可能实现的事情）与非真实性（条件与事实相反或者在说话者看来不大可能实现的事情）条件句。引导条件状语从句的词（组）主要有if, unless, so (as) long as, on condition that, so (as) far as, if only ( = if )。注意：条件从句中的if 不能用whether替换。 e.g. If he is not in the office, he must be out for lunch. You may borrow the book so long as you keep it clean. So f
7、ar as I know（据我所知）, he will be away for three months. You can go swimming on condition that ( = if ) you dont go too far away from the river bank. If he had come a few minutes earlier, he could have seen her.（七）让步状语从句（七）让步状语从句 让步状语从句可由although, though, as, even if (though), however, whatever, whethe
8、r or, no matter who (when, what, ) 等引导。注意：as引导的让步状语从句一般是倒装的。 e.g. Though he is a child, he knows a lot. Child as he is, he knows a lot. Whatever ( = No matter what ) you say, Ill never change my mind.（八）方式状语从句（八）方式状语从句 方式状语从句常由as, as if (though), the way, rather than等引导。 e.g. You must do the exercis
9、e as I show you. He acted as if nothing had happened.（九）比较状语从句（九）比较状语从句比较状语从句常用than, so (as) as, the more the more等引导。 e.g. I have made a lot more mistakes than you have. He smokes cigarettes as expensive as he can afford. The busier he is, the happier he feels.十）使用状语从句时要注意的几个问题十）使用状语从句时要注意的几个问题 1、在
10、时间和条件（有时也在方式、让步等）从句中，主句是一般将来 时，从句通常用一般现在时表示将来。 e.g. Well go outing if it doesnt rain tomorrow. Ill write to you as soon as I get to Shanghai. 2、有些时间、地点、条件、方式或让步从句，如果从句的主语与主句主 语一致（或虽不一致，是it），从句的谓语又包含动词be ，就可省 略从句中的“主语 + be”部分。 e.g. When (he was) still a boy of ten, he had to work day and night. If (y
11、ou are) asked you may come in. If (it is) necessary Ill explain to you again.3、注意区分不同从句：引导的是什么从句，不仅要根据连词，还要根 据句子结构和句意句子结构和句意来判别。以where为例，能引导多种从句。 e.g. You are to find it where you left it.（地点状语从句） Tell me the address where he lives.（定语从句，句中有先行词） I dont know where he came from.（宾语从句） Where he has gon
12、e is not known yet.（主语从句） This place is where they once hid.（表语从句）一、用横线划出下列句子中的状语从句，并指出是哪种状语从句：1. , she knows a lot of things. 2. I can do for the class, the happier Ill be.3. He talks 4. He is a good teacher5.I shall go to the park6. had I got home it began to rain.7. , there is life.8. He studied
13、hard9. , I wont trouble you.10. . Ill never lose heart.Child as she isThe moreas if (as though) he knew all about it. suchthat the students love and respect him.unless it rains.No soonerthanWhere there is waterso that he could catch up with his classmates.Since you are very busyEven if (though) I fa
14、il让步 比较 方式 结果 条件 时间 地点 目的 原因 让步 答案11. , you must continue.12. I will find her13. youd better have dinner with us.14. He was so excited15. We must do everything16. India is much bigger17. you are warmly welcome.18. you can catch up with the other classmates.Once you begin the workwherever she may be.
15、Now that youve come,that he couldnt fall asleep.as he tells us.than Japan.No matter when you come,As (So) long as you work hard,时间 让步 原因 结果 方式 比较 让步 条件 答案二、用适当的连词填空：二、用适当的连词填空：1. Dr. Bethune (白求恩白求恩) came to China _ he was fifty.2. He began to work _ he got there.3. Lets begin our meeting _everyone
16、is here.4. I like the English people, _ I dont like their food.5. _ you go in China, you can see smiling faces.6. He didnt come to the lecture, _ he was very busy.7. _we had enough time, we walked to the cinema.8. They will help you _ you meet with difficulty.9. _ we came to the university, we have
17、learnt quite a lot. when as soon as as though Whwerever because Since whenever Since 答案10.I didnt join them yesterday evening _ I had to go to an important meeting.11. We would try to get a car _we could all travel together more easily.12. She wouldnt forget her mothers birthday _ she seldom wrote t
18、o her family.13. Were doing everything we can to make things as easy for you _we can.14. The meeting became so disorderly _ the speaker had to shout the audience down.15. He was angrier _ ever before.16. _ you lock all the doors, he can still manage to get in.17. The boy was so tired _ he fell aslee
19、p on the bus.18. Hard _ he tried, he couldnt force the door open.答案because so that though as that than Even if that as 三、选择填空：三、选择填空：1. Ill let you know _ he comes back.A. beforeB. because D. although2. She will sing a song _ she is asked.B. unlessC. forD. since3. We will work _ we are needed.A. whe
20、neverB. becauseC. since4. Read it aloud _ the class can hear you. B. ifC. when D. although5._ you go, dont forget your people.A. Whenever B. However D. WhicheverC. as soon asA. ifD. whereverA. so thatC. Wherever答案6. It is about ten years _ I met you last. B. forC. when D. as7. They will never succee
21、d, _ hard they try.A. because C. whenD. since8. _ still half drunk, he made his way home.A. When B. Because D. As9. _ she was very tired, she went on working.A. As C. EvenD. In spite of10. Busy _ he was, he tried his best to help you. B. whenC. sinceD. for答案A. sinceB. howeverC. ThoughB. AlthoughA. a
22、s11. I learned a little Russian _ I was at middle school.A. though B. althoughC. as if12. _ we got to the station, the train had left already.A. If B. UnlessC. Since13. _ the rain stops, we 11 set off for the station.A. Before B. Unless D. Though14. She was _ tired _ she could not move an inch. B. s
23、uch, thatC. very, thatD. so, as15. We didnt go home _ we finished the work.A. since C. becauseD. thoughD. whenD. WhenC. As soon asA. so, thatB. until答案16. Ill stay here _ everyone else comes back.A. even if B. as thoughC. because17. Although its raining, _ are still working in the field. B. but they
24、C. and theyD. so they18. Speak to him slowly _ he may understand you better.A. since C. forD. because19. Youll miss the train _ you hurry up. B. asC. ifD. until20. When you read the book, you d better make a mark _ you have any questions.A. at which B. at whereC. the place答案D. untilA. theyA. unlessD
25、. whereB. so that21. Wed better hurry _ it is getting dark.A. and B. butD. unless22. I didn t manage to do it _ you had explained how. B. unlessC. whenD. before23._ he comes, we wont be able to go.A. WithoutC. ExceptD. Even24. I hurried _ I wouldnt be late for class.A. since C. as if D. unless25. _
26、I catch a cold, I have pain in my back. B. ThoughC. EvenD. WhereC. asA. untilB. UnlessB. so thatA. Every time答案26. Whats the matter _ they still havent answered the telegram?A. when C. thoughD. however27. Bring it nearer _ I may see it better.A. althoughB. even though D. since28. You may arrive in B
27、eijing early _ you mind taking the night train.A. thatB. though D. if29. Helen listened carefully _ she might discover exactly what she needed.A. in that C. in case D. even though30. More people will eat out in restaurants _ they do today.A. thanB. whenC. whileB. thatC. so thatC. unlessB. in order t
28、hatD. as答案31._ hard she tries, she can hardly avoid making mistakes in her homework.A. Much C. AsD. Although32. Poor _ it may be, there is no place like home, _ you may go. B. though; wheneverC. in spite of; when D. that; wherever33. The child was _ immediately after supper.A. enough tired to go to
29、bedB. too tired to go to bed D. very tired, he went to bed34. The history of nursing _ the history of man.A.as old asB. is old thanC. that is as old as B. 35. _ born in Chicago, the author was famous for his stories about New York.A. Since B. OnceC. When B. HoweverA.as; whereverC. so tired that he w
30、ent to bedD. is as old asD. Although答案36._ we stood at the top of the building, the people below were hardly visible. B. Although C. UnlessD. In spite of37. Scarcely was George Washington in his teens _ his father died.A. thanB. as C. while38. _ David goes, he is welcome.A. WhicheverB. However D. Wh
31、atever39. The house stood _ there had been a rock.A. which B. at whichC. when40. Small _ it is, the pen is a most useful tool.A. becauseB. soC. ifA. AsD. whenC. WhereverD. whereD. as答案41. After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced _ tractors in 1988 as the year before.A. as twice m
32、any B. as many twice D. twice many as42. The piano in the other shop will be _, but _.A. cheaper; not as betterB. more cheap; not as better D. more cheap; not as good43. John plays football _, if not better than, David.A. as well C. so wellD. so well as44. Although he is considered a great writer, B
33、. but his works are not widely readC. however his works are not widely read D. still his works are not widely read45. _ the day went on, the weather got worse.A. With B. Since C. While C. twice as manyC. cheaper; not as goodB. as well asA.his works are not widely readD. As答案46.What was the party lik
34、e?Wonderful. It s years _ I enjoyed myself so much.A. afterB. whenC. before47. It was not _ she took off her dark glasses _ I realized she was a famous film star.A. when; that C. until; whenD. when; then48. If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, _ great it is.A. whatB. how D.
35、 whatever49. After the war, a new school building was put up _ there had once been a theatre.A. that C. whichD. when50._, Mother will wait for him to have dinner together.A. However late is he B. However he is lateC. However is he late D. sinceB. until; thatC. howeverB. whereD. However late he is答案5
36、1. He will come to call on you the moment he _ his painting.A. will finishB. finished D. had finished52. _ difficult the task may be, we will try our best to complete it in time.A. No matter B. No wonderC. Though53. It was _ that she couldnt finish it by herself.A.so difficult a workB. such a difficult work B.C. so difficult work答案C. has finishedD. HoweverD. such difficult work
