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1、Noun clauses1His job is important.This is his job.I dont like his job.I dont know about the man, Mr. White.iI am interested in the job.The function of a noun:2在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词从句在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词从句 ( (Noun Noun ClausesClauses）。）。名词从句的功能相当于名词名词从句的功能相当于名词, , 它在复它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语. .
2、名词从句名词从句1.主语从句主语从句2.宾语从句宾语从句3.表语从句表语从句 4.同位语从句同位语从句名词从句名词从句的分类的分类3What he does is important.主语从句主语从句This is what he does every day.表语从句表语从句I dont like what he does every day. 宾语从句宾语从句同位语从句同位语从句I dont know about the fact that he is a teacher. 4一一.使用陈述句语序，不能用一般疑问句语序。使用陈述句语序，不能用一般疑问句语序。How he was succe
3、ssful is still a puzzle. Could you tell me where he lives?名词性从句归纳名词性从句归纳他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗?5二、名词性从句连接词的选用二、名词性从句连接词的选用（1）that 和和what 的选用的选用that 和和 what 都可引导所有的名词从句。都可引导所有的名词从句。但是，但是，what除起连接作用外，还在名除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。语、宾语、或表语。而而that在名
4、词性从句中在名词性从句中不充当任何成分不充当任何成分，只起连接只起连接作用。作用。6用用that 和和 what完成下列句子完成下列句子:1._ he wants is a book.2. _ he wants to go there is obvious.3.The result is _ we won the game.4.This is _ we want to know.5.Is _ he told us true ?6.We should pay attention to _ the teacher is saying.7. I have no doubt _ he will com
5、e.8. I have no idea _ he did that afternoon.WhatThatthatwhatwhatwhatthatwhat7We should respect food and think about the people who dont have we have here and treat food nicely. （福建）（福建）A. thatB. which C. what D. whetherPart of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was _
6、it was rather closely modeled on his own life. （北京）（北京） A. what B. that C. why D. whether8引导词引导词that 的省略的省略:that 可省略的情况：可省略的情况：that不可省略的情况：不可省略的情况：单个宾语从句中的单个宾语从句中的that可省略可省略a. 主语从句主语从句b.表语从句表语从句c.同位语从句同位语从句d.用用it做形式宾语的宾语从句做形式宾语的宾语从句e. 并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的引导词引导词that 不能省略不能省略9 Having checked
7、 the doors were closed and _ all the lights were off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom. (07湖南）湖南） A. why B. that C. when D. where10that/ (that)1.I dont think _ she is coming.2.It is a pity _ he has made such a mistake.3.The reason is _ he is careless .4.The news _ our team won the match inspir
8、ed us.5.I dont think it necessary _ you should read English aloud.6.He told me _ his father had died and _ he had to make a living alone.(that)thatthatthatthat(that)that11一般情况下介词后不接一般情况下介词后不接that从句。从句。但介词但介词in和和except除外。除外。The problem lies in that the mist may become a thick fog.I didnt tell him any
9、thing except that I wasnt able to find my way back.12(2) if 和和whether 的选用的选用不能使用不能使用if 的情况：的情况：a. 主语从句主语从句b. 表语从句表语从句c. 同位语从句同位语从句d. 介词后的宾语从句介词后的宾语从句e. whether to do 做动词宾语不能用做动词宾语不能用if to do.f. whether or not 连在一起引导宾语从句时不用连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if.13用用if 或或 whether填空填空1. I asked her _ she had a bike.2._ we wi
10、ll hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.3. Were worried about _ he is safe.4. I dont know _ he is well or not.5. I dont know _ he is good or bad.6. The question is _ he should do it.7.The doctor can hardly answer the question _ the old man will recover soon.8. I dont know _ t
11、o go.if / whetherWhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhether14We havent settled the question of_ it is necessary for him to study abroad.(06江苏）江苏） A. if B. where C. whether D. that 15(3)其它连接代词和副词的连用其它连接代词和副词的连用主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义,正确的正确的选择选择who、which、when、where、why、how 等连接词，这些连接词既具有疑
12、问含义，等连接词，这些连接词既具有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。16我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。_ we shall hold our sports meeting is not decided.我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。I dont know _ broke the glass yesterday.我不知道他长的什么样子。我不知道他长的什么样子。I have no idea _ he looks like.这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。This is _ I
13、 left my glasses.Whenwhowhatwhere17The possibility that pleasant smells might reduce pain has recently been suggestedby new research._同位语从句同位语从句1) The fact that he succeeded in the experiment pleased everyone.2) They spread the lie that Tom stole the wallet.3) The news that the headmaster will give
14、us a lecture is true._ The fact_ the lie_The news三三.同位语从句的引导和辨别同位语从句的引导和辨别18 能用同位语从句修饰的名词主要有：能用同位语从句修饰的名词主要有： fact，hope，idea，doubt，news， suggestion，problem，discovery， answer，decision, explanation， information, promise, truth, order ， opinion，report，thought, possibility, rule，等等。，等等。19他们仍然活着的希望不大他们仍然
15、活着的希望不大.There is not much hope that they are still alive. 你答应给我买礼物的，不要食言哦。你答应给我买礼物的，不要食言哦。 Dont break the promise that you will buy me a gift. _ hope the promiseI have no idea when he will arrive. You have no idea how worried I was.201. I have no idea _ he comes from.2. He cant answer the question _
16、 he got the money.3.He gave us many suggestions _ we should get up earlier and take more exercise.4.I have no doubt _ he will win.5. I have some doubt _ he will win.用用that; whether ;where或或 how填空填空:wherehowthatthatwhether211. 从结构上区分：从结构上区分：that 是否在从句中作成分是否在从句中作成分1) We expressed the hope that they ha
17、d expressed.2) We expressed the hope that they would come to China again._定语从句定语从句同位语从句同位语从句四四.同位语从句和定语从句的区别同位语从句和定语从句的区别222. 从意义上区分：从意义上区分：that引导的从句的意义不同。引导的从句的意义不同。1)The news that you heard is not true.2) The news that Lincoln was murdered at a theater is true._定语从句定语从句同位语从句同位语从句23The problem _ we
18、 should continue the experiment remains unsolved.A. that B. which C. what D. if24五五:宾语从句的时态呼应宾语从句的时态呼应1. 如果主句时态是现在时或将来时如果主句时态是现在时或将来时,从句谓语从句谓语 可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态. a .他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的. He believes his dream _true some day. b .请告诉我你昨天这个时候在干什么请告诉我你昨天这个时候在干什么. Please tell me wh
19、at you _(do)at this time yesterday.25will come were doing 2. 如果主句谓语是过去时如果主句谓语是过去时,从句谓语动词一般用过去的从句谓语动词一般用过去的 某种时态某种时态,但从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然规但从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然规 律等时，从句谓语通常用一般现在时。律等时，从句谓语通常用一般现在时。 他告诉我他正在为考试做准备。他告诉我他正在为考试做准备。 He told me _ . 他说他已离开家乡十年了。他说他已离开家乡十年了。 He told me _. 老师告诉我们光是沿直线运行的。老师告诉我们光是沿直线运行的
20、。 The teacher told us _he was preparing for the examinationhe had been away from his hometown for ten yearslight travels in a straight line.26六六. 名词性从句中的虚拟语气名词性从句中的虚拟语气A、宾语从句中的虚拟语气、宾语从句中的虚拟语气在动词在动词 suggest, order, demand, request, desire, insist, require, recommend, command后需用后需用 should 型的虚拟语气。型的虚拟语
21、气。我建议她不要出国。我建议她不要出国。 I suggest that she should not go abroad.27B、主语从句中的虚拟语气、主语从句中的虚拟语气It is suggested, ordered, proposed, required, demanded, requested, insisted+ (should) do 有人建议她不要出国。有人建议她不要出国。It is suggested that she should not go abroad.28C、表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气、表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气在在 suggestion, proposa
22、l, order, advice 等名等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即（语气，即（should）+动词原形。动词原形。I made a suggestion that we (should) hold a meeting next week.29My suggestion is that we (should) get more people to attend the conference.whatever 用法用法1. you can take _ you want.引导名词性从句。引导名词性从句。=anything that2. _
23、 you want, you can take.引导让步状语从句，引导让步状语从句，=no matter that3. _ the reason, he refuses to do.whatever the reason (is), he refuses to do.4.She would tell him _ news she got.Whatever adj. A. Whatever B. No matter what C. anything what D. anything that七七. whatever A D A B A BA31八八. whoever & who 用法用法who
24、和和whoever都可以引导主语从都可以引导主语从句，只能置于句首，不能用形式主句，只能置于句首，不能用形式主语语it代替。它们也都有代替。它们也都有“谁谁”的含的含义，义， 但能否互相替代呢？但能否互相替代呢？ 1._ breaks the law should be punished. Whoever (Anyone who)2. ._ breaks the law,he or she should be punished. Whoever (no matter who)3.We should help _ I think needs help.Whoever (anyone who)4.
25、We will support _you support. Whomever (anyone whom)5._ will give us a talk is unknown to us all. A. Whoever B. Who C. Anyone D. No matter who 正确正确选项为选项为B。who虽然也可以引导主语从句，但它常保虽然也可以引导主语从句，但它常保留本身疑问的含义，即留本身疑问的含义，即“谁谁”。句。句(B)的意思为：对我的意思为：对我们大家来说，谁给我们讲话还不知道。们大家来说，谁给我们讲话还不知道。难点突破难点突破133同位语从句和它所修饰的词之间的隔裂同位语
26、从句和它所修饰的词之间的隔裂（2012江江苏）The notice came around two in the afternoon _ the meeting would be postponed . A. when B. that C. whether D. howThe notice that the meeting would be postponed came around two in the afternoon.The notice34 I made a promise to myself _ this year, my first year in high school, wo
27、uld be different . (2012 浙江）浙江）A. whether B. what C. that D. howI made a promise_ this year would be different. (2012 浙江）浙江）A. whether B. that C. that D. how promise35定语从句同先行词的隔裂定语从句同先行词的隔裂 He wont live long who smokes three or four packs of cigarettes every day for many years.He who smokes three or
28、 four packs of cigarettes every day for many years wont live long.He laughs best who laughs last.He who laughs last laughs best.36 (2012江苏）After the flooding, people were suffering in that area, _ urgently needed clean water, medicine and shelter to survive . A. which B. who C. where D. what people【
29、】3717. (2012 浙江）浙江） Ellen was a painter of birds and nature,_, for some reason, had withdrawnfrom all human society. A. which B. who C. where D. whom Ellen was a painter of birds and nature, _ had withdrawn from all human society .A. which B. who C. where D. whom Ellen was a painter, _ had withdrawn
30、 from all human society.A. which B. who C. where D. whom【】_238难点突破难点突破239 1) This is the reason _he gave. 2) This is the reason _ he was late. 定语从句中用关系代词还是关系副词引导是根定语从句中用关系代词还是关系副词引导是根据定语从句所缺成分确定的。先行词是表示原据定语从句所缺成分确定的。先行词是表示原因的名词时，不一定用因的名词时，不一定用why引导。只有缺原因引导。只有缺原因状语时才用状语时才用why引导。引导。妙语点津妙语点津1 如何选定定语从句关
31、系词如何选定定语从句关系词 which/that why4041 1) I still remember the day we spent together.2) I still remember the day I came here.妙语点津妙语点津2先行词是表示时间的名词时，不一定都用先行词是表示时间的名词时，不一定都用when引导。关键要看从句所缺的成分。当从引导。关键要看从句所缺的成分。当从句中缺时间状语时才用句中缺时间状语时才用when引导。引导。 which/that whenThat evening, _ I will tell you more about later, I
32、ended up working very late. (2012 全国）全国） A. that B. which C. what D. when_ I will tell you more about later42 1) I went to the factory _ we visited ten years ago. 2) I went to the factory _ we worked ten years ago.先行词是表示地点的名词时，不一定都用先行词是表示地点的名词时，不一定都用where引导。关键要看从句所缺的成分。引导。关键要看从句所缺的成分。只有缺地点状语时才用只有缺地点
33、状语时才用where引导。引导。 妙语点津妙语点津3 which/that where43Sales director is a position _ communication ability is just as important as sales .A.which B. that C. when D. where妙语点津妙语点津4 where引导定语从句，其先行词可以不是引导定语从句，其先行词可以不是表示地点的名词，而是含有地点意义的名词。表示地点的名词，而是含有地点意义的名词。 a positionWe should consider the students request _ t
34、he school library provide more books on popular science. A. where B. when C. which D. that request【】【】44 名词后所接从句不缺任何成分，仅缺名词后所接从句不缺任何成分，仅缺 一个引导词，用一个引导词，用that引导还是考虑使用引导还是考虑使用 关系副词？关系副词？同位语从句和定语从句同位语从句和定语从句难点突破难点突破 345从结构和意义上区分从结构和意义上区分1)The news that you heard is not true.2) The news that Lincoln was
35、murdered at a theater is true._定语从句定语从句同位语从句同位语从句如何区分同位语从句和定语从句如何区分同位语从句和定语从句46We should consider the students request _ the school library provide more books on popular science. A. where B. when C. which D. that47Taobao is Asias largest retail零售零售network platform, _ people can buy and sell many kin
36、ds of things. A. where B. when C. that D. whoseplatformsum481. I think it is going to be a big problem. Yes, it could be. I wonder _we can do about it. A. if B. how C. what D. that2. _is no possibility _Bob can win the first prize in the match. A. There; that B. It; what C. There; whether D. It; whe
37、ther493. A computer can only do _you have instructed it to do. A. how B. after C. what D. when4. Can you tell me _? A. who is that gentleman B. that gentleman is who C. who that gentleman is D. whom is that gentleman505. He didnt know which room_. A. they lived B. they lived in C. did they live D. d
38、id they live in6. To get the job started, _I need is from here. A. only what B. all what C. all that D. only that517. In some countries _is called “equality” doesnt really mean equal rights for all people. A. which B. what C. that D. one8. Go and get your coat. Its _you left it. A. there B. where C.
39、 there where D. where there529. _you dont like him is none of my business. A. What B. who C. That D. Whether10. The reason_I plan to go is _she will be disappointed _I dont. A. why; because; when B. why; that; if C. because; that; if D. why; that; whether5311. _can I do in such a situation? Take _ m
40、easure you consider best. A. How ; whichever B. What; whatever C. How ;whatever D. What; whichever12. _she said suggested that she hadnt decided _to go or not. A. What; if B. That; whether C. What; whether D. Whether; what5413. He made a promise _anyone set him free he would make him very rich. A. t
41、hat B. if C. what D. that if 14. _would like to devote his whole life to his country should go _there are all kinds of difficulties. A. Who; somewhere B. Whoever; where C. Whatever; anywhere D. Who; there5515. Can I sit in the front row? Yes. You can take _seat you like. A. wherever B. what C. which
42、ever D. which16. They lost their way in the forest and _made matters worse was _night began to fall. A. what; that B. it; that C. what; when D. which; what5619. It was _my father worked _I work now. A. where; that B. wherever; where C. that; where D. that; that20. It was only_I reread his poems recently _I began to appreciate their beauty. A. that; when B. when; that C. until; than D. when;than57
