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1、Unit Nine: How to Grow OldUnit Nine: How to Grow OldTEXT COMPREHENSIONTEXT COMPREHENSIONIVIV。Explain in your own words the following sentences taken from the textExplain in your own words the following sentences taken from the text。1.The other thing one should avoid is being emotionally attached to
2、young people，from whomone hopes to draw energy and vigor.2. and it is in this area of impersonal interests (such as academic and artistic interests ） thatthe wisdom you have accumulated in your life can be practiced without putting any pressureon your children and grandchildren。LANGUAGE WORKLANGUAGE
3、 WORKI. Explain the underlined parts in each sentence in your own wordsI. Explain the underlined parts in each sentence in your own words。1）. Although both my parents died young， I have done well in this respect as regards my otherancestors with reference to/relating to2). Of remoter ancestors I can
4、 only discover one who did not live to a great age， and he died of adisease which is now rare， namely， having his head cut off. ancestors who lived a long time ago； specifically3）. She used to relate how she met in Italy an elderly gentleman who was looking very sad. tell4）. I have seventytwo grandc
5、hildren, and if I were sad each time I parted from one of them， Ishould have a dismal existence！ bid farewell to/were separated from； a miserable life5)。 I never do anything whatever on the ground that it is good for health， though in actual factthe things I like doing are mostly wholesome。 for the
6、reason that; healthful6). Psychologically there are two dangers to be guarded against in old age. we should prevent from happening/we should watch out for7)。 。 。. you are likely to become a burden to them, unless they are unusually callous。 heartless/indifferent8). In the young there is a justificat
7、ion for this feeling。 good reason9）. And if， with the decay of vitality， weariness increases, the thought of rest will not beunwelcome. tiredness10）. The best way to overcome it .。 。 is to make your interests gradually wider and moreimpersonal, until bit by bit the walls of the ego recede， and your
8、life becomes increasinglymerged in the universal life。what distinguishes your own self from others gradually disappears or becomes less and less distinct; becomes increasingly one with/becomes increasingly blended with4 4。Explain the meaning of the underlined part in each sentenceExplain the meaning
9、 of the underlined part in each sentence。1)。 We owe it to our descendants to leave them a clean world to live in 。 future generations/children and grandchildren2). I think next time we need any decorating well get it doneprofessionally. by skilled people3）. Her absorption in her work is so great tha
10、t she thinks about nothing else. engrossment in， or preoccupation with her work4） 。 Continued rapid growth in consumer spending will suck in more imports。 draw in/encourage5). Im not very good where money is concerned. when dealing with money6)。 Taxpayers should claim as many allowable expenses as p
11、ossible against their taxed income 。 expenses on which no taxes are paid7)。 Her actions were quite justifiable in the circumstances. There was a good reason for her actions8)。 He wont be contenteduntil hes upset everyone in the office. satisfied9). On his wall he has a poster of Marilyn Monroe, her
12、lips forever parted in anticipation. separated/open10） 。 I suspect he cheats the taxman. avoids paying taxes by using illegal methodsTRANSLATIONTRANSLATIONI. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words or phrases given in brackets.I. Translate the following sentences into English
13、, using the words or phrases given in brackets.1). 她与他在一起生活度日艰难。 （existence） She had a hard existence with him。2） 。 至于你刚才提出的问题,我将另外撰文回答。(as regards) As regards the questions you raised just now， I will answer them in another article.3）. 这听起来也许很无情，但我才不在乎他是否无家可归呢。 （callous) It might sound callous, but
14、 I dont care if hes homeless。4） 。 他对老板的尊敬几乎到了低声下气的地步。(abject) He is almost abject in his respect for his boss.5）. 痛苦的记忆渐渐从她脑海里消退.（recede) The painful memories gradually receded in her mind。6). 我们应该避免对他们的挑衅作出过度的反应.(guard against） We should guard against overreactions to their provocation.7） 。 你最好关心关心
15、自己的事而不是我的事！ （concern oneself with） Youd better concern yourself with your own business and not mine ！8)。 该影片是一部有益的家庭娱乐剧。 （wholesome） The film is good wholesome family entertainment.9） 。 学校中止了给那位学生提供的助学金， 理由是他去年的成绩不够好（. on the ground that) The university has stopped providing financial support to tha
16、t student on the ground that hisperformance in the past year was not good enough。10） 。 为了帮助那些国有小公司渡过经济危机，政府把它们合并成为一家大公司。 （merge） The government merged those small state-owned firms into a large company in order to helpthem survive the economic crisis.II. Translate the following passage into English.
17、II. Translate the following passage into English.My mother， dead now to this world but still roaming free in my mind ， wakes me somemornings before daybreak。 “If theres one thing I cant stand， its a quitter。”I have heard her say that all my life. Now， lying in bed， coming awake in the dark， I feelth
18、e fury of her energy fighting the good-for nothing idler within me who wants to go back tosleep instead of tackling the brand-new day.Silently I protest: I am not a child anymore。 I have made something. of myself。 I amentitled to sleep late.“Russell， youve got no more gumption thana bump on a log。”S
19、he has hounded me with these battle cries since I was a boy in short pants。“Make something of yourself!”“Dont be a quitter!”“Have a little ambition, Buddy。”参考译文我母亲早已不在人世， 但她仍时时自由地浮现在我心中,有时早晨天还未亮就把我唤醒。“我最最不能容忍的就是半途而废的人。”我一生不断听到她说这句话.此时此刻，我躺在床上,在黑暗中慢慢醒来，想重回梦乡而不愿直面崭新的一天，我感觉到了她正怒气冲冲地与我体内那个没出息的懒汉奋力斗争.”我默
20、默地抗议道:我已经不是孩子了。我已经小有成就，我有资格睡懒觉。“罗素,你一点进取心也没有,和二流子简直没什么两样。”从我还是个穿着短裤的孩提时代起她就一直用这些话激励我前进：“你要混出个人样来！”“不要半途而废!“要有点志气,孩子。IVIV. Chinese Translation of Paragraphs. Chinese Translation of Paragraphs1。与本文的标题相反，本文真正要谈的是如何才能不老，在我这个年纪 ,这才是更为重要的主题.我的第一条忠告是，选准了祖先再投胎。尽管我双亲都是英年早逝，我选择的其他祖先还是不错的。诚然,我的外祖父在 67 岁正值盛年的时候
21、去世,但另外 3 位祖辈都活到了80 多岁.更前的祖辈中，我发现只有一位没能长寿,他死于现今罕见的死因，即遭斩首。我有位曾祖母是吉本的朋友，在 92 岁去世之前始终令子孙们敬畏不已。我的外祖母所生的孩子中 9 个活了下来，1 个幼年夭折，此外她还有过多次流产.守寡以后,她便立即投身于女子高等教育事业之中.她是格顿学院的创办人之一，为了使女性能进入医生职业，她付出了很多心血。 她过去经常讲起她在意大利遇到的一位神情悲伤的老年绅士。 她询问起他悲伤的缘故,他说因为他刚刚送走了两个孙儿女.“天哪！她嚷道，“我有 72 个孙儿女，要是我每送走一个都如此悲伤，那我一生就会是凄凉的！” 他则回答说：“你这
22、狠心的女人啊！”但作为她 72个孙儿女中的一员，我则更喜欢她的处世方法。80 岁时她发现自己有些难入睡，于是她养成了午夜至凌晨 3 点阅读科普书籍的习惯。我想她根本无暇注意到自己在衰老.我认为这正是保持年轻的良方。只要你兴趣广泛且强烈， 有你还能做得了的事情， 就不必为自己已经活了多少年这种纯粹的数字问题而伤神，更不必去想你来年无多的可能性。2.至于健康,由于我很少得病，所以提不出什么有用的建议。我想吃就吃，想喝就喝 ,想睡就睡。 我做任何事情从来不是因为它对健康有益， 尽管实际上我爱做的事通常都是有益健康的。3.从心理上说， 老年人要防止两种危险。 其一是过分沉湎于往事.人不能生活在回忆当中
23、，也不能生活在对美好过去的惋惜或者对已故友人的哀痛之中.一个人应当把心思放在未来、放在自己还可以有所作为的事情上。 这并不总是那么容易做到的， 因为往事的分量会不断增加。人们很容易觉得过去自己的情感比现在更活跃，思想比现在更加敏锐.果真如此，那就该忘掉它；可要是忘得掉的话，那很可能就不是真的.4.另一件要避免的事是依恋年轻人,期望从他们的勃勃生机中获得活力。 子女们长大之后，就想过自己的生活。如果你还像子女小时那样关注他们， 你就会成为他们的累赘， 除非他们异常麻木不仁。我倒不是说对子女不应予以关注,而是说这种关注应该保留在思想中；可能的话，还应该宽仁,而不是过分感情用事。动物的幼崽一旦可以独
24、立，父母就不再理会它们;人类由于幼年期较长，很难做到这一点。5。我认为那些有着超越亲情私欲的浓厚兴趣爱好并参与合适活动的人更容易有成功的晚年。只有在这个范围里， 长久的阅历才真正有益；只有在这个范围里，才能运用源于经验的智慧而不给别人造成压迫感。告诫长大的孩子别犯错误毫无用处,这不仅因为他们不会相信你，而且因为犯错也是教育的重要部分。但是如果你没有超越亲情私欲的兴趣爱好,你就会觉得生活空虚，除非你把心思放在子孙身上。在这种情况下，你必须明白，虽然你还能为他们提供物质帮助，比如给他们零用钱或者替他们编织毛线衫,但你不能指望他们会乐于与你为伴。6。有些老人因恐惧死亡而心情沉重。年轻人有这种恐惧倒无
25、可厚非.年轻人有理由害怕死于战场， 当他们认为自己被剥夺了生命所能给予他们的最美好的东西时， 完全有理由愤恨不平。但是，对于一位经历了人世的乐与悲、已完成了自己所能完成的事的老人来说,恐惧死亡就未免有些可怜可鄙。克服这种恐惧的最好方法-至少在我看来如此-就是逐渐拓展你的兴趣范围,并使之更与个人情感脱钩，直到自我的围墙渐渐退去,你的生活不断融合在普世的生活之中。一个人的生命应该像一条河起初不大，窄窄地囿于两岸之间， 激情澎湃地冲过岩石和瀑布。 之后河面逐渐变宽， 两岸逐渐后移， 水流也愈益平静； 最后， 它融入大海，与大海浑然一体，无痛而终。能这样看待生活的老人不会恐惧死亡， 因为他所关心的事物将会延续下去。如果随着生命力的衰退倦意不断增加， 那么安息的想法也不无可取之处。 我希望自己能在工作时离世， 因为我知道其他人将继续我不能继续的工作， 而我已经完成了自己所能完成的使命，可以无憾了。
