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1、UNIT 5FIRST AID单词注释难句剖析导读诱思看到老人或小孩摔倒在地时,你知道该如何救助吗?DealingwithfallsFallsarecommoninyoungchildrenandoldpeople.Althoughmostfallsresultinslightbumpsandbruises,somefallscancauseseriousinjuriesthatrequireimmediatemedicalattention.Donotmovethepersonandcallforemergencyhelpiftheperson:hasseriouslyinjuredtheh
2、ead,neck,orbackisunconsciousorbrieflyunconsciousishavingdifficultybreathingisntbreathinghasclearliquidorbloodcomingfromthenose,earsormouth单词注释难句剖析导读诱思Calladoctororseekmedicalattentioniftheperson:becomesverysleepyandisdifficulttowakeupvomitsmorethantwoorthreetimescomplainsofneckorbackpaincomplainsofi
3、ncreasingpainanywhereonthebodyisntwalkingnormallydoesntseemtobefocusinghisorhereyesnormallyhasanybehaviororsymptomsthatworryyouIfyouthinkitssafetomovetheperson:placeanicepackonanybumpsorbruisesletthepersonrest,asneeded,forthenextfewhourswatchthepersoncloselyforthenext24hoursforanyunusualsymptomsorbe
4、havior单词注释难句剖析导读诱思Thinkprevention!Neverleaveyoungchildrenonanybedorotherfurniturealone.Alwaysfastenchildrenintohighchairsorshoppingcarts.Alwaysfastenkidsintosafetyseatswhenridinginmotorvehicles,andmakesuretheyalwayswearhelmetswhenbikingorskatingorwhenusingskateboards.Note:Allinformationisforeducatio
5、nalpurposesonly.Forspecificmedicaladvice,consultadoctor.单词注释难句剖析导读诱思bump/bmp/n.肿块unconscious/nkns/adj.失去知觉的vomit/vmIt/v.呕吐helmet/helmIt/n.头盔难句剖析导读诱思单词注释Althoughmostfallsresultinslightbumpsandbruises,somefallscancauseseriousinjuriesthatrequireimmediatemedicalattention.译文:尽管大多数摔跤只会造成轻微肿胀和瘀青,但有些摔跤会造成严重
6、伤害,需要立即进行医疗救治。剖析:本句是复合句,although引导让步状语从句。在主句中thatrequire.attention是定语从句,修饰先行词injuries。难句剖析导读诱思单词注释1.Whatshouldyoudoifyoufindapersonfallingdownandhavingtroublebreathing?答案:Callforemergencyhelp.2.Whatshouldyoudoifthepersoncomplainsofneckorbackpain?答案:Calladoctororseekmedicalattention.SECTION WARMING U
7、P,PRE-READING,READING & COMPREHENDING一二三四Pre-reading一、在我们的日常生活中,经常会发生一些意外的事情。请看下面的图片,想一想,图片中的人发生了什么意外一二三四1.ThegirlinPictureA.2.ThegirlinPictureB.3.ThemaninPictureC.4.ThewomaninPictureD.cutsherfingerburnsherhandgetsanelectricshockisdrowning一二三四二、翻译下列短语A.温故:从文中找出下列短语并写出它们的汉语意思1.actas2.prevent.fromdoin
8、gsth3.senseoftouch4.getburned5.avarietyof担当;起作用阻止做某事触觉被烧伤多种多样一二三四B.知新:从文中找出与下列释义相对应的英文1.生病2.在适当的位置3.触电;电休克4.急救5.榨出;挤出6.反复;多次fallillinplaceelectricshockfirstaidsqueezeoutoverandoveragain一二三四三、阅读课文FIRST AID FOR BURNS,回答下列问题1.Whatisyourbodyslargestorgan?A.Thehead.B.Theskin.C.Theleg.D.Thearm.2.Howmanyty
9、pesofburnsaretherealtogether?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.Four.答案:B答案:C一二三四3.Burnscausedbyhotliquidsareusuallythoughttobe.A.firstdegreeburnsB.seconddegreeburnsC.thirddegreeburnsD.themostsevereburns4.Whatarecharacteristicsoffirstdegreeburns?A.Blackandwhiteandcharred.B.Rough,redandswollen.C.Rough,redanddry.D
10、.Dry,redandmildlyswollen.答案:B答案:D一二三四5.Whensomeoneisburned,whatshouldbedonefirst?A.Removeclothing.B.Drytheburnedareagently.C.Coolburnsimmediately.D.Getthevictimtothedoctororhospital.答案:A一二三四四、根据课文内容填空Firstaidisatemporaryformofhelp1.(give)tosomeonewhosuddenlyfallsillorgets2.(injure)beforeadoctorcan3.
11、(find).Inthispassage,wehavestudiedthefirstaidforburns.Theskinisanessentialpartofyourbody.Itkeepsyouwarmorcool.Itpreventsyourbody4.(lose)toomuchwater.Youcangetburned5.hotliquids,steam,fire,radiationandsoon.Therearethreetypesofburns6.(call)first,secondandthirddegreeburns.Whensomeonegetsburned,wewillca
12、rryoutfirstaid7.(treat)bydifferentdegrees.Removeclothingfromtheburnedarea8.itisstuck9.theburn.Covertheburnedareawithadry,cleanbandage10.willnotsticktotheskin.Thenimmediatelytakehimorhertothehospital.giveninjuredbefoundfromlosingbycalledtreatmentunlesstothat12341.First aid is a temporary form of help
13、 given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found.急救是在找到医生之前,对突然病倒或受伤人员的一种临时救助。剖析本句的主干是Firstaidisatemporaryformofhelp,before引导的是一个时间状语从句;在主句中还包含了一个由who引导的定语从句,修饰先行词someone;giventosomeone是过去分词短语作后置定语修饰atemporaryformofhelp。567891234考点一aidn.&vt.帮助;援助;资助Shecamequickly
14、tohisaid.她急忙来帮助他。Werecollectingmoneyinaidofcancerresearch.我们正筹集资金以资助癌症研究。Thepeopleallovertheworldaidedthemwithmoney,medicineandotherthings.全世界人民在金钱、药品和其他物品方面援助他们。归纳:词组cometoonesaid的含义是“去帮助某人”;词组inaidof的含义是“用以援(资)助,作为援(资)助之用”;词组aidsbwithsth的含义是:在某方面帮助某人。567891234aid的其他常用短语:do/givefirstaid(对伤患者)进行急救wi
15、ththeaid/helpofsb=withsbsaid/help在某人的帮助下aidsbtodosth帮助某人去做某事aidsbindoingsth帮助某人做某事567891234考点二fallill生病Thefamousactorfellillbecauseofthatlongjourney.那位著名的演员由于那次漫长的旅行生病了。注意:fall在这里是连系动词,在短语中意为“变得,变成”。类似的短语还有:fallasleep入睡fallsilent沉默fallinlove相爱辨析:fallill和beillfallill表示动作,不和一段时间连用。beill表示生病的状态,常和一段时间连
16、用。567891234考点三injure用作及物动词,意为“使受伤”。Inthetrafficaccidentsixteenpeoplewerekilledandtwenty-threepeoplewereinjured.在那次交通事故中,16人死亡,23人受伤。1)injuryn.损伤;伤害Intheaccidenthesufferedsevereinjuriestotheheadandarms.在事故中他的头部和双臂受了重伤。2)injuredadj.受伤的theinjured受伤的人们Theinjuredinthisaccidentweresenttothenearesthospital
17、.这次事故中受伤的人们被送往最近的医院。567891234活学活用语法填空1)Whenwemeettheseinjuries,weshoulddofirstaidtothe(injure)orcalltheFirstAidCenter.2)IhaventseenTomrecently.Whatswrongwithhim?Oh,Imsorrytotellyouhehas(fall)ill.句子翻译3)他在踢足球的时候伤了膝盖。(injure)4)我打算帮助她学习英语。(aid)5)他什么时候生病的?(fallill)injuredfallen答案:Heinjuredhiskneewhile(he
18、was)playingfootball.答案:ImgoingtoaidhertolearnEnglish./ImgoingtoaidherinlearningEnglish./ImgoingtoaidherwithEnglish.答案:Whendidhefallill?5678912342.If possible,discuss what kind of first aid you should give in these situations.如果可能的话,讨论一下在这些情况下你们应该实施哪种急救。剖析ifpossible为省略句结构,完整的句子是Ifitispossible。Callmet
19、onightif(itis)possible.如果可能的话,今晚给我打个电话。Whenever(itis)possible,hewillcometomyaid.他一有可能就来帮助我。When(Iwas)waitingforabus,ImetTom.我在等公交车时碰到了汤姆。注意:从句结构为连词+itis(was)+形容词时,其从句结构可省略为连词加形容词;另外,由once,if,as,unless,though,when等引导的状语从句,如果主句主语和从句主语一致,且从句中谓语动词是be+v.-ed或v.-ing时,其从句结构可省略为连词加v.-ed或v.-ing。567891234ifany
20、如果有的话(表示数量)ifever如果曾经的话(表示频率)ifso如果是的话ifnot如果不是的话Errorsshouldbecorrected,ifany.如果有什么错误,就应该改正。Iseldomseehim,ifever.即使我见过他,次数也不多。Itsoundslikesomethingiswrongwiththecarsengine.Ifso,wedbettertakeittothegarageimmediately.听起来车的发动机出问题了,如果这样的话,我们最好送去修车厂。567891234活学活用语法填空1)Howaretheygettingonwiththeirwork?Al
21、lgoeswellas(plan).2)Iwillcometoyourbirthdaypartypossible.句子翻译3)如果有必要的话,我们可以向他求助。把下面的句子补充完整4)Theactorthrewhimselfoffthehorseasifshot.plannedif答案:Ifnecessary,wemay/canturntohimforhelp.hewas5678912343.So as you can imagine,if your skin gets burned it can be very serious.因此,你可以想象到,如果你的皮肤烧伤了,就可能非常严重。剖析1)
22、本句是一个复合句,asyoucanimagine是一个插入语。2)if引导的是一个条件状语从句,其中getburned是“系动词+过去分词”的结构。“get+过去分词”的用法:get被用来代替助动词be和过去分词连用,构成被动结构,表示某一事件或事故的发生,着重强调动作的发生。Thedoggotkilledwhenitwascrossingtheroad.那条狗过马路时被车撞死了。567891234Hismoneygotstolenwhilehewasshopping.他在购物的时候钱被偷了。Shegot(herself)paidbeforeshewentonaholiday.她在休假前(设法
23、)领到了工资。3)表示状态的转化getmarried结婚getdressed穿衣服getchanged换衣服567891234活学活用语法填空1)Constructionworkersusuallyget(pay)bytheday.2)Jane,hurryup.Imafraidyouwonthavetimetoget(change)beforetheparty.3)Hegot(hit)byaballwhenhepassedtheplayground.4)Hisfingergot(catch)inthedoor.paidchangedhitcaught567891234567894.You ca
24、n get burned by a variety of things:hot liquids,steam,fire,radiation(by being close to high heat or fire,etc),the sun,electricity or chemicals.你可能由于各种原因而烧伤:灼热的液体、水蒸气、火、辐射(由于靠近高温或大火等)、阳光、电或化学物品。考点一varietyn.变化;多样(化);多变(性)Hiswritinglacksvariety.他的写作风格单调。Atschoolwelearnvarietiesofthings.在学校我们学习各种东西。Wesh
25、ouldgivevarietytothisprogram.我们应该使这个节目丰富多彩。1234567891)avarietyof=varietiesof各种各样的【高考典句】(2015安徽高考)ThepresenterwillshowhowstudentscanusePrezitoconfidentlypresentonavarietyoftopics,includingintroducingfamily,friends,andhobbies.演示者向学生展示怎么能用Prezi自信地展示不同的话题,包括介绍家人、朋友和爱好。2)variousadj.各种各样的varyvt.使多样化vi.变化,
26、不同123456789考点二closeto靠近;接近Hegotclosetome.他靠近了我。Iliveclosetothepostoffice.我住的地方离邮局近。归纳:closeto常与get,live,be等动词连用,其中close可以是形容词,也可以是副词。123456789closeto还有以下含义:接近于;差不多Thecostwascloseto$1million.成本将近100万美元。Hecameclosetodeathintheaccident.在那次事故中,他与死神擦肩而过。123456789活学活用语法填空1)(2015福建高考改编)Teamsoffour,dressedi
27、navarietystrangeandfunnyclothes,rollacompletecheesealonga50-metrecourse.2)Ourdietsneed(variety).3)Itwasrainingheavily.LittleMaryfeltcoldsoshestoodclosehermother.ofvarietyto1234567895.Burns are called first,second or third degree burns,depending on which layers of the skin are burned.根据皮肤烧伤的层次分为一度烧伤、
28、二度烧伤和三度烧伤。剖析本句中的名词词组first,secondorthirddegreeburns作主语(burns)的补足语;dependingonwhichlayersoftheskinareburned在句中作状语。被动语态的主语补足语与主动语态的宾语补足语是密切相关的。HenamedhissonTom.(主动语态的宾语补足语)在本句中hisson为宾语,Tom为宾语补足语。HissonwasnamedTom.(被动语态的主语补足语)在本句中hisson为主语,Tom为主语补足语。123456789含有主语补足语的句子一般是被动语态,并且谓语动词或词组应该能够接复合宾语(宾语+宾语补足
29、语),常见的这类动词有elect,call,name,make,find,leave,consider等。123456789活学活用语法填空1)Thiscoastalarea(name)anationalwildlifereservelastyear.将下列句子改为被动结构2)WecallhimMrWang.3)Theymadetheirworkersworkdayandnight.wasnamedHeiscalledMrWang(byus).Theirworkersweremadetoworkdayandnight(bythem).1234567896.Examples include bu
30、rns caused by electric shocks,burning clothes,or severe petrol fires.例如由电击引起的烧伤,因衣服起火引起的烧伤,或因汽油起火引起的烧伤。考点electricshock触电;电休克Hisburnwascausedbyanelectricshock.他的烧伤是由触电引起的。Igotanelectricshockfromthewire.我被这根电线电击了一下。注意:electricshock指电流流经人体,造成生理伤害的事故,可指触电、雷击等伤害。123456789活学活用完成句子触电夺走了他的生命。killedhim.Anele
31、ctricshock1234567897.dry,red and mildly swollen 干燥、发红、微肿剖析副词mildly作状语修饰形容词swollen考点swollenadj.肿胀的Hisfacewasswollenwithinsectbites.他的脸因为昆虫的叮咬而肿起来了。归纳:swell常与介词with连用。123456789swellvi.肿胀swellup肿胀;膨胀Hisanklesbegantoswell.他的脚踝开始肿了起来。Hisfaceswelledupwiththetoothache.他的脸因为牙疼而肿起来了。123456789活学活用语法填空1)Whenhe
32、felloverhisownfeet,hisleftanklewassprained(扭伤),hisrighthandbecame(swell)andhisnosebleeding.2)Someinsectsbitherfaceandsoonitbegan(swell).swollentoswell1234567898.For second degree burns,keep cloths cool by putting them back in a basin of cold water,squeezing them out and placing them on the burned ar
33、ea over and over again for about an hour until the pain is not so bad.对于二度烧伤,要保持湿布清凉,需要把湿布放回冷水盆中,拧出水后再放在烧伤面上,这样要反反复复地做一个小时左右,直到不太痛时为止。考点一squeezeout榨出;挤出Hetookoffhiswetclothesandsqueezedthewaterout.他脱下湿衣服,拧干了水。Youshouldsqueezeoutsometimetovisityouroldfriends.你应该挤出点时间去拜访你的老朋友。1234567891)阅读下列句子,体会squee
34、ze的词性、搭配及意义Hesqueezedthetubehardandthelastbitoftoothpastecameout.他使劲挤牙膏管,挤出了最后一点牙膏。词性:及物动词含义:挤压,压榨Thedogsqueezedthroughthesmallholeinthewall.那条狗挤过了小小的墙洞。搭配:squeezethrough意义:挤过Iwanttosqueezethejuiceoutof/fromthelemon.我想从这个柠檬中榨出柠檬汁。搭配:squeeze.outof/from.意义:从中榨出123456789Therewerealreadyfivepeopleinthec
35、ar,butImanagedtosqueezein.车里已经坐了5个人,我还是努力挤了进去。搭配:squeezein意义:挤入;塞入2)与squeeze相关的常用短语:squeezefrom从榨取squeezeup(使)挤拢些;使挤在一起123456789考点二overandoveragain反复;多次Thereportersaskedherthesamequestionoverandoveragain.记者们反复问她同一个问题。Hementionedthatrumoroverandoveragain.同义词组:overandover,againandagain,timeandagain123
36、456789活学活用语法填空1)Theopeningbetweentherockswasverynarrow,buttheboysmanaged(squeeze)through.单句改错2)Thechildtriedhisbesttosqueezethejuiceoutanapple.句子翻译3)他的妈妈一再告诉他要细心。4)你能挤进去吗?tosqueeze在out后加of或把out改为fromHismothertoldhimoverandoveragaintobecareful.Canyousqueezein?1234567899.Hold the bandage in place with
37、 tape.用胶布把绷带固定。考点inplace在适当的位置;适当Pleaseputeverythinginplace.请把所有东西放在适当的位置上。Marysdresswasquiteinplaceattheceremony.玛丽的礼服非常适合那个典礼。123456789(复习)place的相关短语:inplaceof代替outofplace在错误的位置;在不适当的位置takeplace发生;举行taketheplaceof代替;替代inonesplace代替某人/某物Plasticsareoftenusedinplaceofwoodormetal.塑料经常被用来代替木材或金属。Everyt
38、hingintheroomisoutofplace.房间里所有的东西都移了位。123456789DoyouthinktheInternetcantaketheplaceofnewspapers?=DoyouthinktheInternetcanreplacenewspapers?你认为因特网能代替报纸吗?Whatyousaidwasoutofplace.你说的话很不得体。Ifeltcompletelyoutofplaceamongallthesesuccessfulpeople.夹在这些事业有成的人中间,我觉得格格不入。123456789活学活用语法填空1)AWaltDisneyfilmisbeingshowninplacetheadvertisedprogramme.2)Helenlikestohaveeverythingplaceinherroom.ofin单句改错3)Whenheisaway,myfriendwilltakeplaceofhim.在take后加the
