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1、HowtoEnlargeYourVocabularyBy Marissa ChiTwoWaystogoI.throughtheAffixationandtheRootII.throughthecontextTheroot1.词根是一个独立的单词1）Tractn. trkt 1.(土地、水域、矿藏等的)一片，大片；地带；地域2.主美国西部方言住宅区；居民点3.【解剖学、动物学】道；系统n.1.(宗教或政治)宣传手册；传单；小册子2.古语论文Extractdistractport, 含义是“搬运” export, import, deport(驱逐出境)form, 含义是“形” uniform,
2、transform, reform, deform gram, graph, 含义是“书写，记录” telegram, autograph, photographpress, 含义是“压，压制” pressure, express, impressionmiss, mit, 含义是“派遣，送” mission, dismiss, transmit, missile2.词根非独立单词，“Tox”毒药1)toxicanttksikntAdj.毒的；有毒的；中毒的N.1.【毒理学】毒药；毒物2.毒品；麻醉剂Intoxicationn.2)spec,spect,spitc,spis,含义是“看，视”i
3、nspect,spectator,conspicuous,respect3)struct,含义是“建筑，构造”structure,construct,instruct,destruction4)phon,含义是“声音”symphony,telephone,microphone5)fer,含义是“搬运，移转”ferry,transferTheAffixationsthatwevelearnedA.theprefix1.En-“使得”Enableencloseentitleenforceenrollenlargeencourageencampensureenhance1.Theschoolwill
4、_newstudentsinAugust.2.Thefootballfieldis_byawall.3.Abirdswing_ittoflyhighlyinthesky.4.Thewriter_hisbook“TheYoung”.5.I_hertoworkhardandtotryfortheexamagain.2.Ex-e-ef-“外面/出去”Exitexterior(interior)external(internal) export(import)exposeextractexclude(include)exclaim exchange expect extend express expl
5、ore emerge educateelectEmit enormous evaluateEffect.thestoryofhowthepresshelped_thetruthabouttheNixonadministration.The_ofthehousewasfurnishedwithheavy,old-fashionedpieces房内陈设着些笨重、老式的家具4.Fore-“前面/预先”Beforeforecastforeheadforefather forearmforebrain forefinger forefront foreknowledge 1.Itshardto_eart
6、hquakeaccurately.2.Allsoldiershadtofightfiercelyinthe_.3.Shepointtothesignwithher_.4.Whenwehaveafever,our_feelveryhot.Pro-,pre-3.Extra-“额外的,在之外的”Extraordinary extra-violetCurriculumextracurricularExtrovert(introvert)extra-solarextramarital extreme 1.Wehavemany_activities.2.Humanbeingstrytoexplorethe
7、_space.3.Thelittlegirlstemperis_.4.Wealwayscarryaumbrellatoprotectourskinfrombeinghurtby_.5.Dis-“否定”Dislikedishonestdisappeardiscouragedisarmdiscoverdismissdistractdischargediscountdisgustdisorderdisposedisputedissolve 1.Thesuperpowersneveragreedto_2.Thisisa_betweenthesetwocountries.3.Ifyou_somethin
8、gfromyourmind,youstopthinkingaboutit.4.I_theproblemfrommymind.5.Hiscar_intothedarkness.6.Hisrudewordsarevery_.6.Im-/In-表示“向内/进入”importimmigrantimpressimposeimproveimpelimprisonimplicitimpulseimpact implant indoorinnerinternalinteriorinsideincludeinferinsightinsistinspectinstructionintendinvadeinward
9、intensive(extensive) intimidate invoiceFinesare_onretailerswhoselltobaccotominors.向未成年人销售烟草制品的零售商要被强制罚款Hewasamanofforcefulcharacter,withconsiderable_anddiplomaticskills.他是个性格坚强的人，有着非凡的洞察力和交际手腕。aninquiryintoallegationsof_duringlastweeksvote.一项对上周选举期间恐吓指控的调查。4.Hergracefulbehavior_mealot.7.Un-表“否定”Unab
10、le unacceptable unaccustomed unauthorizedUnavailable unavoidable unaware unbearable unbelievable uncertain unconventional uncountable unreal unequal unfortunate unconditional unofficial uneducated uncivilized8.Super-表示“超级/过度”Superbsuperficialsuperior supernatural superpower super-girlSuperabundantsu
11、perhighway supersonic superstar supervise supersensitiveSuperstructureTheeconomicbasedeterminesthe_.Ateamwassentto_theelectionsinNicaragua.一队人马被派去监督尼加拉瓜的选举。9.Multi-表示“很多”Multiplymultifunctionalmulti-mediamultilingualmulticulturalmultitudemultidirectionalmulti-cellularmulticoloredmultilateralmultimil
12、lionairemultinationalmultiracialThesecreaturescan_quickly.ManywanttoabandonthemultilateraltradetalksinGeneva.(CET-6)许多国家想要放弃在日内瓦的多边贸易会谈。Post-表示“在后面/邮政”PostponepostwarpostgraduatePost-freepost-paidpostboxpostcardpostmanpostmarkpostmasterpostagePre-表示“前的/预先的”PreconditionpreschoolprematurebabyB.Thesuff
13、ix1.ify+adj./n.=v.theprocessbywhichastate,quality,orconditionisbroughtabout.Eg.Simplify,beautifyClassify,purify,justify,intensify,terrify,glorify,identify,exemplify1.Theroomsstyle_theiridealofbeautyandpracticality.“2.Heattemptsto_hisconduct.3.Thefilm_warandviolence.4.Policehavealready_10murdersuspec
14、ts.2.ery/-ry,+n./adj.=n.agrouporcollectionof;thestateorcharacterof;eg.Bravery,machinery+v./n.=n.aplacewheresthhappensorismadeorreferringtoanactioneg.Bakery,robberyDelivery,discovery,nursery,scenery,jewelry1.Pleaseallow28daysforthegoods_.2.Sheputsherbabyinthis_andthengoesbacktowork3.ist+n./adj.=naper
15、sonbelievinginpracticing,concernedwith,ordoingthespecifiedaction.Eg.Marxist,socialist,violinistActivist,terrorist,idealist,capitalist,biologist,novelist,artist1.ChinahaspledgedtoretainHongKongs_systemfor50years.2.OneAmericanwaskilledandthreewerewoundedin_attacks.3.Thepolicesaytheysuspecttheattackwas
16、carriedoutbyanimalrights_.4.ism+v./n./adj.=n.beliefs,behavior,actionsorceremonies.Eg.Socialism,criticism,terrorismHeroism,racism,idealism,modernism,realism,romanticism1._isoppositetomaterialism.2.The_reflectedinthisnovelmadeiteasytoforgettheywerefiction.3.Thereisafeelingamongsomecoloredpeoplethatthe
17、levelof_isdeclining.5.-like+n.=adj.beingsimilar-ish+n.=adj.ofthenatureof-like/-ish+adj.=adj.havingasmallamountofthecharacteristicsorqualityeg.Foolish,longishAnimal-like,selfish,honey-like,boyish,yellowish,bookish1.Butthosewhohaveworkedforhimsaythatbeneaththe_exteriorheisextremelytough.2.IthinkIvebee
18、nvery_.Ivebeenmainlyconcernedwithmyself.6.ian+n./adj.=n.apersonwhosejoborhobbyinvolvesthethingreferredtobytheorinaln.eg.Mathematician,historianBeautician,electrician,magician,musician,comedian,physician,technician,politician1.Ifyourstomachhassignsofbloating(胀),checkwithyour_insteadofyoursurgeon.2. M
19、y_saidthisstylemakesmelooksprofessional.Introductiontosomeaffixations1.Homo-表示“同类”hetero-异类/异种Homosexual homocentric同中心的homogeneous homograph 同形异义字Heterosexualheterodoxy异教/邪说heterogeneous1.Heisa_nota_.2.Thegovernmentconsideredhisideasas_3. These twospeciesare_.2.Hyper-表示“超过/太多”Hyperactive Hypercriti
20、calhypertension 1. The leader is always _ to his secretary.3. On stage, she felt her _ in her mind.5. The little boy is very_.3.Im-/in-/il/ir/表示“否定/不/无/非imbalancedimpossible impolite impartial impassive impatientimperceptible imperfect impersonal impractical improper impureimmature immeasurable immo
21、bile immoral immortalIncapableinvisibleinjusticeindifferentinacceptableinaccessibleinaccurateinactiveinapplicable inappropriate incoherent incomparable incompetent incompleteincomprehensibleinconclusiveinconsistentinconvenientincorrectincredibleincurableindefiniteindependentinefficient4.Non-表示“不/非”N
22、onsmoking nonexistent nonstop non-profit non-agriculture non-alcoholic non-destructive nondurable nonessential nonmedical nonprofessional nonsense non-significant nonstandard nontoxic non-uniform不统一的nonviolent5.Under-表示“在下面/不足/不”不够underground underestimate underline undersea underwear underdeveloped
23、 undersized underage undergo undergraduate One should not _ the investment this industry requires.New recruits have been _ training in recent weeks.6.Over“越过/超过/过度”overhead overlook overnight overseas overcoat overpass overactive overall overload overcharge overcooked overdo overdue overeat overesti
24、mate overjoyed overpopulation overproduction oversize overstate7.Ultra-表示“极端/超出/超过UltrapureultracleanultramodernultraliberalultraredUltravioletultrahighultrasound8.Mono-表示“单个/一个”Monologue dialogue monarch monogamy monopoly monotonous monograph monolingual Monophonic monorailIntroductiontoprefixation
25、1、名词后缀1)-or/er/ess/crat/cis:做某件事情或职业的人或物：worker,debtor,actor,actress,democrat2)-acy,表示“性质，状态，境遇”democracy,accuracy,diplomacy3)-ance,-ence表示“性质，状况，行为，过程，总量，程度”importance,diligence,difference,obedience4)-ancy,-ency,表示“性质，状态，行为，过程”frequency,urgency,efficiency,5)-bility,表示“动作，性质，状态”possibility,flexibili
26、ty,feasibility,6)-dom,表示“等级，领域，状态”freedom,kingdom,wisdom7)-hood,表示资格，身份,年纪，状态childhood,manhood,falsehood,knighthood8)-ion,-sion,-tion,-ation,-ition,表示“行为的过程，结果，状况”action,solution,conclusion,destruction,expression,correction9)-ity,表示“性质，状态，程度”purity,reality,ability,calamity灾难10)-ment,表示“行为，状态，过程，手段及其
27、结果”treatment,movement,judgment,punishment,argument11)-ness,表示“性质，状态，程度”goodness,kindness,tiredness,friendliness12)-ship,表示“情况，性质，技巧，技能及身份，职业”hardship,membership,friendship14)-th,表示“动作，性质，过程，状态”depth,wealth,truth,length,growth15)-tude,表示“性质，状态，程度”latitude,altitude(海拔)16)-ure,表示“行为，结果”exposure,pressur
28、e,failure,procedure(手续)，17-grapy,表示“学，写法”biography,calligraphy,geography18)-ic,ics,表示“学法”logic,mechanics,electronics,linguistics19)-ology,表示“学论”biology,zoology,technology(工艺学)20)-nomy,表示“学术”astronomy,economy2、形容词后缀带有“属性，倾向，相关”的含义1)-able,-ible,visible,flexible2)名词-ish,foolish,bookish,selfish(注意accomp
29、lish,vanish是动词)3)-ive,active,sensitive,productive4)-like,manlike,childlike5)名词-ly,manly,fatherly,scholarly,motherly6)-some,troublesome,handsome7)-ful,beautiful,wonderful,helpful,truthful8)-ous,dangerous,generous,courageous,various9)-ent,violent10)-most,foremost,topmost11）-less,表示否定，countless,stainle
30、ss,wireless3、动词后缀1)-ize,ise,表示“做成，变成，化”modernize,mechanize,democratize,organize2)-en,表示“使成为，引起，使有”quicken,weaken,soften,harden3)-fy,表示“使化,使成”beautify,purify,intensify,signify,simplify4)-ish,表示“使，令”finish,abolish,diminish,establish5)-ate,表示“成为，处理，作用”separate,operate,indicate4、副词后缀(形容词)-ly：badbadly坏地/恶劣地，carefulcarefully小心地以ly结尾的不全是副词；friendly,lonely,lovely,likely,livelyadj.-wise：clockclockwise(a./adv.)顺时针方向的(地)；likelikewise同样地-wards：outoutwards向外面地，northnorthwards向北方地II.throughthecontext略Be mature 成熟点，稳重点不要遇见陌生w就紧张紧张就会不知所措，忘记本来会的东东，或者变得心浮气躁要calm down沉着应对，瞻前顾后，看看w前后有没有相关人士跟着，再出手
