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1、Musical Film The The musical filmmusical film is a is a film genrefilm genre in which in which songssongs sung sung by the by the characterscharacters are interwoven into the narrative, are interwoven into the narrative, sometimes accompanied by dancing. The songs usually sometimes accompanied by da
2、ncing. The songs usually advance the plot or develop the films characters. It was advance the plot or develop the films characters. It was a natural development of the a natural development of the stage musicalstage musical after the after the emergence of sound film technology. A subgenre of the em
3、ergence of sound film technology. A subgenre of the musical film is the musical comedy, which also includes a musical film is the musical comedy, which also includes a strong element of strong element of humorhumor. . l lThe Classical Sound EraThe Classical Sound Era The 1930s through the 1960s are
4、considered to be the The 1930s through the 1960s are considered to be the golden age of the musical film, when the genres golden age of the musical film, when the genres popularity was at its highest in the popularity was at its highest in the Western worldWestern world. . Musical Filml lThe Post-Cl
5、assical EraThe Post-Classical Era In the 1960s, 1970s and continuing up to today the In the 1960s, 1970s and continuing up to today the musical film became less mainstream and more musical film became less mainstream and more specialized.specialized.l l1960sl l1970sl l1980s-1990sl lThe 2000sThe 2000
6、sIntroduction l lIrish dramatist regarded as one of the best dramatists in Irish dramatist regarded as one of the best dramatists in UK and Ireland second only to Shakespeare and Homer UK and Ireland second only to Shakespeare and Homer l lAwarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1925, accepted Awa
7、rded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1925, accepted the the honourhonour but refused the money but refused the money l lIn a humorous and sarcastic way showed the ugly sides In a humorous and sarcastic way showed the ugly sides of the societyof the societyGeorge Bernard Shaw (1856-1950)George Bern
8、ard Shaw (1856-1950)Introductionl lSense of humor and wittiness in language Marriage Proposal to Bernard Shaw Marriage Proposal to Bernard Shaw Once a beautiful British actress wrote to propose Once a beautiful British actress wrote to propose marriage to Bernard Shaw. She said he was a genius, so m
9、arriage to Bernard Shaw. She said he was a genius, so she did not mind his old age and ugliness. With your she did not mind his old age and ugliness. With your wisdom and my appearance, our children must be wisdom and my appearance, our children must be perfect. Bernard Shaw answered, in a letter, t
10、hat her perfect. Bernard Shaw answered, in a letter, that her imagination was splendid, But, what if the children take imagination was splendid, But, what if the children take my appearance and your wisdom? my appearance and your wisdom? Introduction A priest saw Bernard Shaw and was surprised at hi
11、s A priest saw Bernard Shaw and was surprised at his thinness and said: People will know that theres a thinness and said: People will know that theres a famine around the world at the sight of you. Shaw famine around the world at the sight of you. Shaw retorted: And at the sight of you, theyll know
12、the retorted: And at the sight of you, theyll know the reason. reason. Bernard Shaw sent a ticket to Churchill for the Bernard Shaw sent a ticket to Churchill for the premiere of his drama. Churchill replied: I cant go to premiere of his drama. Churchill replied: I cant go to your first show, but I
13、can go to the second show, if there your first show, but I can go to the second show, if there will be a second show. Shaw sent Churchill another will be a second show. Shaw sent Churchill another ticket together with a message: Please come with your ticket together with a message: Please come with
14、your friend, if you have a friend. friend, if you have a friend. IntroductionlPygmalion: A Romance in Five Acts (1912)l lMy Fair LadyMy Fair Lady (1956) is a Broadway (1956) is a Broadway musicalmusical based upon based upon PygmalionPygmalion , , starring Rex Harrison and Julie Andrews.starring Rex
15、 Harrison and Julie Andrews.The story concerns Eliza Doolittle, a Cockney flower girl who takes speech lessons from professor Henry Higgins, a phoneticist, so that she may pass as a well born lady. The play is a sharp lampoon(讽刺) of the rigid British class system of the day and a comment on womens i
16、ndependence, packaged as a romantic comedy.IntroductionA Film Version (1964)A Film Version (1964)l lBest Picture of the yearBest Picture of the yearl lBest Actor- HarrisonBest Actor- Harrisonl lBest Director- CukorBest Director- Cukorl lBest Art Decoration(Best Art Decoration(美工美工) )l lBest Sound(Be
17、st Sound(音响音响) )l lBest Scoring(Best Scoring(改编音乐改编音乐) )l lBest Costume DesignBest Costume Designl lBest Color CinematographyBest Color CinematographyIntroduction Audrey Hepburn remains one of the worlds most famous Audrey Hepburn remains one of the worlds most famous actresses of all time, remember
18、ed as a film and fashion actresses of all time, remembered as a film and fashion icon of the twentieth century.icon of the twentieth century.l lRoman Holiday (4Roman Holiday (4thth) )l lMy Fair Lady (12My Fair Lady (12thth) )l lSabrina (54Sabrina (54thth) )l lTwo for the Road (57Two for the Road (57
19、thth) )l lBreakfast at Tiffanys (61Breakfast at Tiffanys (61stst) ) Hepburn dedicated the remainder of her life to helping Hepburn dedicated the remainder of her life to helping impoverished children in the poorest nations. She was impoverished children in the poorest nations. She was appointed appo
20、inted Goodwill Ambassador of UNICEFGoodwill Ambassador of UNICEF. . l lPresidential Medal of FreedomPresidential Medal of Freedoml lJean Jean HersholtHersholt Humanitarian Award Humanitarian Award IntroductionHenry HigginsHenry HigginsColonel PickeringColonel PickeringElizaEliza Introduction Profess
21、or of phonetics Henry Higgins boasts to Colonel Pickering that he can train a bedraggled Cockney flower girl, Eliza Doolittle, to pass for a duchess at an ambassadors party by teaching her to assume a veneer(外表) of gentility, the most important element of which, he believes, is impeccable speech. El
22、iza finds her way to the professors house and offers to pay for speech lessons, so that she can work in a flower shop. Pickering is intrigued and wagers that Higgins cannot back up his claim; Higgins takes Eliza on free of charge as a challenge to his skills. Introductionl lReceived PronunciationRec
23、eived Pronunciation标准发音标准发音标准发音标准发音 Received Pronunciation is the closest accent to Received Pronunciation is the closest accent to “Standard British” that has ever existed in the UK. “Standard British” that has ever existed in the UK. Although it originally derives from London English, it is Althou
24、gh it originally derives from London English, it is non-regional. The accent emerged from the 18th- and non-regional. The accent emerged from the 18th- and 19th-Century aristocracy(19th-Century aristocracy(贵族贵族), and has remained the ), and has remained the “gold standard” ever since. RP is the kind
25、 of English that “gold standard” ever since. RP is the kind of English that used to be spoken on television or radio. Its very rare used to be spoken on television or radio. Its very rare that youll find someone who really speaks RP English, that youll find someone who really speaks RP English, prob
26、ably the queen is one of the few people who speak probably the queen is one of the few people who speak that way. (BBC English, Oxford English, Queens English) that way. (BBC English, Oxford English, Queens English) Introductionl lCockneyCockney This term has both a geographic and a linguistic This
27、term has both a geographic and a linguistic connotation. connotation. The East End of London (also known as the East End) The East End of London (also known as the East End) is the area of London east of the medieval walled City of is the area of London east of the medieval walled City of London and
28、 north of the River Thames. East Enders / London and north of the River Thames. East Enders / Cockneys were characterized in culture as shiftless, Cockneys were characterized in culture as shiftless, untrustworthy and responsible for their own poverty.untrustworthy and responsible for their own pove
29、rty. Cockney accent is probably the second most famous Cockney accent is probably the second most famous of British Accents. It originated in the East End of of British Accents. It originated in the East End of London, but shares many features with and influences London, but shares many features wit
30、h and influences other dialects in that region.other dialects in that region.Introductionl lCockney accentCockney accent伦敦东郊贫民英语伦敦东郊贫民英语伦敦东郊贫民英语伦敦东郊贫民英语 Dropping /h/; Glottal stopDropping /h/; Glottal stop / f math / v bother / f math / v bother / /ee/ / aa bait / bait /ai ai/ / oioi like like /i/ i
31、 beat /u/ /i/ i beat /u/ or boot or boot AtsAts me book you got ere. me book you got ere. aintaintforforisntisnt、am notam not、are notare not、has has notnot、andandhave nothave not CockneyCockney Rhyming Slang( Rhyming Slang(同韵俚语同韵俚语) is a form of phrase ) is a form of phrase construction which involv
32、es replacing a common word construction which involves replacing a common word with a rhyming phrase of two or three words and then, with a rhyming phrase of two or three words and then, in almost all cases, omitting the secondary rhyming in almost all cases, omitting the secondary rhyming word. wor
33、d. Introductionl lapples and pearsapples and pearsl ldog and bonedog and bonel ltrouble and strifetrouble and strifel lmince piesmince piesl lsyrup of figssyrup of figsl lplates of meatplates of meatl lIt nearly knocked me off me plateshe was wearing a It nearly knocked me off me plateshe was wearin
34、g a syrup! So I got straight on the dog to me trouble and syrup! So I got straight on the dog to me trouble and said I couldnt believe me minces.said I couldnt believe me minces. The Cockney accent has suffered a long decline, The Cockney accent has suffered a long decline, beginning with the introd
35、uction of RP in the 20beginning with the introduction of RP in the 20thth century, century, and the more recent adoption of Estuary English which and the more recent adoption of Estuary English which itself contains many features of Cockney English.itself contains many features of Cockney English.st
36、airsstairstelephonetelephonewifewifeeyeseyeswigwigfeetfeetIntroductionl l In Britain there are lots of different accents and In Britain there are lots of different accents and dialects. Generally speaking you can tell a lot about a dialects. Generally speaking you can tell a lot about a persons soci
37、al, educational and geographical persons social, educational and geographical background from the way he or she speaks. In the past background from the way he or she speaks. In the past the most prestigious accent was what we call RP but this the most prestigious accent was what we call RP but this
38、is no longer as fashionable as it once was. One of the is no longer as fashionable as it once was. One of the characteristics of British society is that people are often characteristics of British society is that people are often very proud of the class that they are from. They dont very proud of th
39、e class that they are from. They dont necessarily want to belong to a different class; not necessarily want to belong to a different class; not everybody wants to be upper class, in fact some people everybody wants to be upper class, in fact some people think that upper class people are a little bit
40、 silly. Even for think that upper class people are a little bit silly. Even for job interviews, pronunciation is no longer the key to job interviews, pronunciation is no longer the key to success. As long as you are articulate and eloquent and success. As long as you are articulate and eloquent and
41、have the skills, you get the job. have the skills, you get the job. Eliza meets Higginsl lWhat is Henry Higgins?What is Henry Higgins?l lWhat does Professor Higgins say he is capable of?What does Professor Higgins say he is capable of?l lWhat are the two mistakes people make speaking English any way
42、 What are the two mistakes people make speaking English any way they like?they like?l lWhat does he say about Elizas English?What does he say about Elizas English?l lWhat keeps Eliza in her place according to Professor Higgins?What keeps Eliza in her place according to Professor Higgins?l lWhat is t
43、he title of his speech? What is it about?What is the title of his speech? What is it about?l lWhat is the joking bet made by Professor Higgins?What is the joking bet made by Professor Higgins?Eliza meets Higginsl lI I aintaint done done nothinnothin wrong by wrong by speakinspeakin to the gentleman.
44、 to the gentleman.l lWhyd Whyd yaya take down me words? take down me words? OwOw do I know you took do I know you took me down right? You just show me what you wrote me down right? You just show me what you wrote abutabut me. That me. That aintaint proper proper writinwritin. I cant read it. I cant
45、read it.l lOh, its cause I called him Oh, its cause I called him CaptnCaptn. .l lI meant no arm. .I meant no arm. .LinesEliza meets Higgins1. What is Henry Higgins?1. What is Henry Higgins?l lHe is a linguist, in the science of speech, or phonetics.He is a linguist, in the science of speech, or phon
46、etics.2. What does Professor Higgins say he is capable of?2. What does Professor Higgins say he is capable of?l lAnyone can spot an Anyone can spot an lrishmanlrishman or a or a YorkshiremanYorkshireman by his by his brogue, but I can place a man within six miles. I can brogue, but I can place a man
47、 within six miles. I can place place imim within two miles in London. Sometimes within within two miles in London. Sometimes within two streets.two streets.3. What are the two mistakes people make speaking 3. What are the two mistakes people make speaking English any way they like?English any way th
48、ey like?l lThey drop “They drop “h”sh”s everywhere. everywhere.l lThey pronounce “i” instead of “a”.They pronounce “i” instead of “a”.Eliza meets Higgins4. What does he say about Eliza and her English?4. What does he say about Eliza and her English?l ldisgusting, depressing noisesdisgusting, depress
49、ing noisesl la prisoner of the gutters condemned by every syllable a prisoner of the gutters condemned by every syllable she uttersshe uttersl lshould be taken out and hung for the cold-blooded should be taken out and hung for the cold-blooded murder of the English tonguemurder of the English tongue
50、l la chicken cackling in a barn a chicken cackling in a barn l la creature with her curbstone English a creature with her curbstone English l la squashed cabbage leaf a squashed cabbage leaf l ldisgrace to the noble architecture of these columnsdisgrace to the noble architecture of these columnsl li
51、ncarnate insult to the English languageincarnate insult to the English languageEliza meets Higgins5. What keeps Eliza in her place according to Professor 5. What keeps Eliza in her place according to Professor Higgins?Higgins?l lltslts aoowaoow and garn that keep her in her place not her and garn th
52、at keep her in her place not her wretched clothes and dirty face.wretched clothes and dirty face.6. What is the title of his speech? What is it about?6. What is the title of his speech? What is it about?l lWhy cant the English learn to speak.Why cant the English learn to speak.l lAn Englishmans way
53、of speaking absolutely classifies An Englishmans way of speaking absolutely classifies him. the importance of the proper way of speaking him. the importance of the proper way of speaking English.English.7. What is the joking bet made by Professor Higgins?7. What is the joking bet made by Professor H
54、iggins?l lIn six months he could pass her off as a duchess at an In six months he could pass her off as a duchess at an Embassy Ball. He could get her a job as a ladys maid or Embassy Ball. He could get her a job as a ladys maid or a shop assistant which requires better English.a shop assistant whic
55、h requires better English.Wouldnt It Be Loverly?l lHow does Eliza feel about the bet?How does Eliza feel about the bet?Eliza approaches Higgins You You are are to to stay stay here here for for the the next next six six months months learning learning how how to to speak speak beautifully beautifull
56、y like like a a lady_. lady_. If If youre youre good good and and do do what what youre youre told, told, youll youll sleep sleep in in a a proper proper bedroom,_, bedroom,_, money money to to buy buy chocolates chocolates and and take take rides rides in in taxis. taxis. But But if if you you are
57、are _youll _youll sleep sleep in in the the back back kitchen kitchen amongst amongst the the black black beetles beetles and and be be walloped walloped by by Mrs. Mrs. Pearce_. Pearce_. At At the the end end of of six six months, months, you you shall shall be be taken taken to to Buckingham Bucki
58、ngham Palace Palace in in a a carriage,_. carriage,_. If If the the king king finds finds out out that that you you are are not not a a lady lady the the police police will will take take you you to to the the Tower Tower of of London London where where _as _as a a warning warning to to other other
59、presumptuous presumptuous flower flower girls. girls. But But if if you you are are not not found found out, out, you you shall shall have have a a present present of of seven seven and and six six to to _ _ as as a a lady lady in in a a shop. shop. If If you you refuse refuse this this offer offer
60、you you will will be be the the most _girl and the angels will weep for you!most _girl and the angels will weep for you!have lots to eathave lots to eatnaughty and idlenaughty and idlewith a broomstickwith a broomstickungrateful, wickedungrateful, wickedin a florist shopin a florist shopbeautifully
61、dressedbeautifully dressedyour head will be cut offyour head will be cut offstart life withstart life withJust You Waitl lYou You ll ll be broke and Ill have money, be broke and Ill have money,l lYoure sick and you screams to fetch a Youre sick and you screams to fetch a doctor double-quick,doctor d
62、ouble-quick,l lWere Were swimminswimmin in the sea and you get in the sea and you get the cramp a little ways from me,the cramp a little ways from me,l lIll be famous Ill be proper and prim Ill be famous Ill be proper and prim go to St. James,go to St. James,1 1. For how long has Eliza been saying t
63、he vowels?. For how long has Eliza been saying the vowels?2. What does Pickering advise Higgins to do?2. What does Pickering advise Higgins to do?3. How would Eliza be punished if she couldnt say the 3. How would Eliza be punished if she couldnt say the vowels correctly?vowels correctly?Higgins trai
64、ns Elizal lThe rain in Spain stays mainly in the plain. The rain in Spain stays mainly in the plain. l llnln Hartford, Hereford and Hampshire, hurricanes hardly Hartford, Hereford and Hampshire, hurricanes hardly ever happen.ever happen.l lHow kind of you to let me come.How kind of you to let me com
65、e.l lWith blackest moss, the flower pots were thickly crusted, With blackest moss, the flower pots were thickly crusted, one and all.one and all.Higgins trains Elizal lEliza conquers her pronunciation problem by long-term Eliza conquers her pronunciation problem by long-term and regular practice.and
66、 regular practice. I know your head aches. I know youre tired. I I know your head aches. I know youre tired. I know your nerves are as raw as meat in a _ know your nerves are as raw as meat in a _ window. But think what youre trying to _. Just window. But think what youre trying to _. Just think wha
67、t youre dealing with. The _ and think what youre dealing with. The _ and _ of the English language. Its the greatest _ of the English language. Its the greatest possession we have. The _ thoughts that ever possession we have. The _ thoughts that ever flowed through the hearts of men are contained in
68、 its flowed through the hearts of men are contained in its _, _and _mixtures of _, _and _mixtures of sounds. And thats what youve set yourself out to sounds. And thats what youve set yourself out to conquer, Eliza. And conquer it you will.conquer, Eliza. And conquer it you will.butchersbutchersaccom
69、plishaccomplishmajestymajestygrandeurgrandeurnoblestnoblestextraordinaryextraordinaryimaginativeimaginativemusicalmusicalEliza goes to Ascot Racel lDoes Does Eliza Eliza make make a a good good impression impression at at first? first? What What happens later?happens later?l lIs Freddy Is Freddy ena
70、mored of Eliza? Why?enamored of Eliza? Why?l lHiggins Higgins partly partly conceals conceals a a grin grin behind behind his his hand, hand, and and why why is that?is that?l lDo you think Higgins will give up the experiment?Do you think Higgins will give up the experiment?Whilst she is now able to
71、 speak in beautifully Whilst she is now able to speak in beautifully modulated tones, the substance of what she says modulated tones, the substance of what she says remains unchanged from the gutter. She confides her remains unchanged from the gutter. She confides her suspicions that aunt was killed
72、 by relatives, and suspicions that aunt was killed by relatives, and mentions that gin had been mothers milk to this mentions that gin had been mothers milk to this aunt, and that Elizas own father was always more aunt, and that Elizas own father was always more cheerful after a good amount of gin.
73、Later she shocks cheerful after a good amount of gin. Later she shocks everyone by her vulgar Cockney attitudes and slang.everyone by her vulgar Cockney attitudes and slang.Eliza goes to Embassy BallWho is this Who is this ZoltanZoltan KarpathyKarpathy? ? Eliza goes to Embassy Balll lWhy does Higgin
74、s let Why does Higgins let ZoltanZoltan KarpathyKarpathy dance with Eliza? dance with Eliza?l lDoes Does KarpathyKarpathy ever find out about Elizas identity? ever find out about Elizas identity?l lWhy does he announce that she is a fraud?Why does he announce that she is a fraud?l lWho does he think
75、 Eliza is?Who does he think Eliza is?l lWhy is Eliza upset?Why is Eliza upset?l lWhat is worrying Eliza?What is worrying Eliza?Now hes made a lady of her, shes not fit to sell anything else.She doesnt know where to go, what to do or whats to become of her.Eliza returns to Covent Garden I can do with
76、out you.l lWhat does Eliza say Higgins wants her back for?What does Eliza say Higgins wants her back for?l lHow will Eliza be treated by Higgins if she goes back?How will Eliza be treated by Higgins if she goes back?l lWhats the difference between Higginss manners and Whats the difference between Hi
77、gginss manners and Pickerings?Pickerings?l lWhat is it that Eliza minds?What is it that Eliza minds?l lWhy does Eliza compares Higgins to a motorbus?Why does Eliza compares Higgins to a motorbus?The story involves a meeting of two egos, one belonging The story involves a meeting of two egos, one bel
78、onging to the linguist Henry Higgins, the other, no less titanic, to to the linguist Henry Higgins, the other, no less titanic, to the flower girl Eliza Doolittle. It was actually about the flower girl Eliza Doolittle. It was actually about something, as Eliza assures the serenely superior Henry som
79、ething, as Eliza assures the serenely superior Henry Higgins, who stood for a class, a time and an attitude:Higgins, who stood for a class, a time and an attitude:I can do bloody well Without you!I can do bloody well Without you!Predictionl lHow do you think the story will end?The Charactersl lEliza
80、 Eliza l lProfessor HigginsProfessor Higginsl lColonel PickeringColonel Pickeringanxious ,emotional, ambitious, enthusiasticanxious ,emotional, ambitious, enthusiasticimpatient, rude, proud, arrogant, self-impatient, rude, proud, arrogant, self-important,important,misogynisticmisogynisticKind, polit
81、e, generous, thoughtfulKind, polite, generous, thoughtfulThe SongsI. The ability to enrich our knowledge of the characters I. The ability to enrich our knowledge of the characters Wouldnt it be Wouldnt it be loverlyloverly? ? Im an Ordinary Man Im an Ordinary Man With a Little Bit of Luck With a Lit
82、tle Bit of Luck II.II.A logical extension of the characters feelings A logical extension of the characters feelings Just You Wait, Just You Wait, enryenry igginsiggins “Where does it rain” Duet “Where does it rain” Duet On the Street Where You Live On the Street Where You Live You Did it You Did it
83、Ive Grown Accustomed to her Face Ive Grown Accustomed to her FaceThe Themel lRomance: a love story between a misogynistic Romance: a love story between a misogynistic linguist and a poor flower girl.linguist and a poor flower girl.l lFeminism: strong will, self-esteem, independent Feminism: strong w
84、ill, self-esteem, independent personality.personality.l lRigid Class System: upper class having a good Rigid Class System: upper class having a good opinion of themselves.opinion of themselves.l lAbsurdity: accent determines the superficiality of Absurdity: accent determines the superficiality of cl
85、ass distinctions .class distinctions .Appreciating her great style and beauty.The dazzling splendor that director George Cukor offers:The dazzling splendor that director George Cukor offers: l lthe designers eye for detailthe designers eye for detaill lthe painters flair for colorthe painters flair
86、for colorl lthe artists imaginationthe artists imaginationl lthe delicacy of handling the delicacy of handling Hepburns flawless actingHepburns flawless actingl lMy Fair Lady, with its dialogue drawn from Shaw, was My Fair Lady, with its dialogue drawn from Shaw, was trickier and more challenging th
87、an most other stage trickier and more challenging than most other stage musicals; the dialogue not only incorporated Shavian musicals; the dialogue not only incorporated Shavian theory, wit and ideology, but required Eliza to master a theory, wit and ideology, but required Eliza to master a transiti
88、on from Cockney to the Queens English. All of transition from Cockney to the Queens English. All of this Hepburn does flawlessly and with heedless this Hepburn does flawlessly and with heedless confidence, in a performance that contains great confidence, in a performance that contains great passion.
89、 passion. Writing I wish the story ended a different way!I wish the story ended a different way!Discussion l l就跟成年人一样，儿童也拿种族、性别和年龄这些视觉因就跟成年人一样，儿童也拿种族、性别和年龄这些视觉因素来把人们分门别类。他们喜欢与跟自己类似的孩子交往，素来把人们分门别类。他们喜欢与跟自己类似的孩子交往，现在研究者发现口音对孩子也一样重要。实际上，口音的现在研究者发现口音对孩子也一样重要。实际上，口音的作用甚至超过种族。作用甚至超过种族。l l哈佛发育心理学家哈佛发育心理学家K
90、inzlerKinzler与她的同事给与她的同事给5 5岁的美国儿童看岁的美国儿童看不同小孩的照片，并配以语音，然后询问他们愿意跟哪个不同小孩的照片，并配以语音，然后询问他们愿意跟哪个小孩交朋友。其中一个小孩的配音有口音，尽管美国儿童小孩交朋友。其中一个小孩的配音有口音，尽管美国儿童也能听懂，但他们更愿意选英语纯正的小孩做朋友，概率也能听懂，但他们更愿意选英语纯正的小孩做朋友，概率是选有口音小孩的是选有口音小孩的4 4倍。倍。l l研究者们证明，对构建社交圈来说，口音比种族更重要。研究者们证明，对构建社交圈来说，口音比种族更重要。相比说话带外国口音的白人小孩，白人儿童更喜欢说纯正相比说话带外国口音的白人小孩，白人儿童更喜欢说纯正英语的黑人小孩。英语的黑人小孩。
