《英语翻译技巧-1重译法.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《英语翻译技巧-1重译法.ppt（31页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、一、重译法一、重译法It is a wise father that knows his own child. 在在翻翻译译中中，有有时时为为了了忠忠实实于于原原文文，不不得得不不重重复复某某些些词词语语；否否则则就就不不能能忠忠实实表表达达原原文文的的意意思思。这这种种反反复复使使用用某某些些词词语语于于翻翻译译的的方方法法就就叫叫重重译译法法。一一般般来来说，重译法有如下二个作用：说，重译法有如下二个作用： 一是为了明确；二是为了生动。一是为了明确；二是为了生动。一一 为了明确为了明确 （一）重复名词（一）重复名词由于两种语言的表达方式不同，英语中两个形容由于两种语言的表达方式不同，英语中
2、两个形容词修饰一个名词时，该名词往往只出现一次，汉词修饰一个名词时，该名词往往只出现一次，汉语中则需要反复出现，适应语言习惯。语中则需要反复出现，适应语言习惯。1. 1. We have to analyze and solve We have to analyze and solve problemsproblems. . 我们要分析我们要分析问题问题，解决，解决问题问题。2.2.Let us revise our safety and sanitaryLet us revise our safety and sanitary regulationsregulations. . 我们来修改安
3、全我们来修改安全规则规则和卫生和卫生规则规则。3. 3. I have fulfilled my I have fulfilled my assigned work assigned work ahead of schedule, so has heahead of schedule, so has he. . 我已经我已经提前完成交给我的工作提前完成交给我的工作，他也，他也提提前完成了交给他的工作前完成了交给他的工作。4 4、May I extend my heartiest congratulations May I extend my heartiest congratulations
4、to the great Chinese people, through you, to the great Chinese people, through you, for the glowing for the glowing successsuccess of your tremendous of your tremendous revolution, revolution, whichwhich is now inspiring the world is now inspiring the world. 让我通过您最衷心祝贺伟大的中国人，祝让我通过您最衷心祝贺伟大的中国人，祝贺你们的贺
5、你们的 巨大革命的辉煌巨大革命的辉煌胜利胜利，这个胜利这个胜利正正在鼓舞着全世界在鼓舞着全世界。 （二）重复动词二）重复动词 a. a. 英语句子常常用一个动词连接几个宾英语句子常常用一个动词连接几个宾语或标语，在译文中往往要重复这个动词。语或标语，在译文中往往要重复这个动词。 b.b.英语句子中动词后面有前置词时，在第英语句子中动词后面有前置词时，在第二次第三次往往只用前置词而省略动词，二次第三次往往只用前置词而省略动词，在译文中则要重复动词以代替英语中重复在译文中则要重复动词以代替英语中重复的前置词。的前置词。1.1.Is he a friend or an enemy?Is he a f
6、riend or an enemy? 他他是是个朋友呢，个朋友呢， 还还是是个敌人？个敌人？2.2.For good ten minutes, he cursed For good ten minutes, he cursed me and my brother.me and my brother. 足足有十分钟，足足有十分钟， 他既他既骂骂我，有我，有骂骂我我的兄弟。的兄弟。3. 3. We talked of ourselves, We talked of ourselves, ofof our our prospects, prospects, ofof the journey, the
7、 journey, ofof the the weather, weather, ofof each other- each other-ofof everything but our host and hostess. everything but our host and hostess. 我们我们谈到谈到我们自己，我们自己，谈到谈到我们的前途，我们的前途，谈谈 到到我们的旅程，我们的旅程，谈到谈到天气，天气，谈到谈到彼此的情彼此的情 况况谈到谈到一切，只是不谈我们的男女一切，只是不谈我们的男女 主人。主人。 （三）重复代词（三）重复代词 a.a.英语中用代词的地方，翻译时往往可按英语中用
8、代词的地方，翻译时往往可按照汉语习惯重复其所代替的名次。照汉语习惯重复其所代替的名次。 b.b.英语中用物主代词英语中用物主代词its, his, theirits, his, their等等等等以代替句中作主语的名次时，翻译往往可以以代替句中作主语的名次时，翻译往往可以不用代词而重复其作主语的名词，以达到明不用代词而重复其作主语的名词，以达到明确具体的目的。确具体的目的。1.1.In China, they “made mistakes”, In China, they “made mistakes”, suffered by suffered by themthem, acknowledg
9、ed and , acknowledged and studied studied themthem, thus planned victory., thus planned victory. 在中国，他们在中国，他们“犯过错误犯过错误”， 吃过吃过错误错误的亏，的亏，承认承认错误错误，研究，研究错误错误，从而制定了胜利的方针。，从而制定了胜利的方针。2. 2. He hated failure; he had conqueredHe hated failure; he had conquered itit all his life, risen above all his life, ris
10、en above itit, , despised despised itit in others. in others. 他讨厌失败，他一生中曾战胜他讨厌失败，他一生中曾战胜失败失败，超，超 越越失败失败，并且藐视别人的，并且藐视别人的失败失败。 3. 3. Happy families also have Happy families also have theirtheir own troubles. own troubles. 幸福的家庭有幸福的家庭有幸福家庭幸福家庭的苦恼。的苦恼。 4. 4.SomeSome played soccer and played soccer and o
11、thersothers played basketball. played basketball. 踢足球的踢足球的，踢足球踢足球；打篮球的打篮球的，打篮球打篮球。 一一. . 重复名词重复名词1.1.It is our duty to rebuild and It is our duty to rebuild and defend defend our home-landour home-land. .2.They would be very reluctant to2.They would be very reluctant to postpone or cancel postpone o
12、r cancel the meetingthe meeting. .3.A good play serves to educate and3.A good play serves to educate and inspire inspire the peoplethe people. . 翻译实践翻译实践 1 11.1.重建重建家园家园和保卫和保卫家园家园是我们的职责。是我们的职责。2.2.他们非常不愿意推迟他们非常不愿意推迟这个会议这个会议或或取取消这个会议消这个会议。3.3.一出好戏应该教育人民，鼓舞一出好戏应该教育人民，鼓舞人民人民。 二二. . 重复斜体前置词前的名词重复斜体前置词前的
13、名词1.1.Ignorance is the motherIgnorance is the mother of of fear fear as well as as well as ofof admiration. admiration.2.The prisoners often got into 2.The prisoners often got into argument argument withwith each other or each other or withwith the guard. the guard.3.He broke all connections 3.He br
14、oke all connections withwith his his past, and past, and withwith the old society. the old society.1.1.无知是羡慕的无知是羡慕的根源根源，也是恐惧的，也是恐惧的根源根源。2.2.囚犯们经常彼此囚犯们经常彼此争吵争吵，也同看守，也同看守争吵争吵。3.3.他和他的过去断绝了他和他的过去断绝了一切联系一切联系，也断，也断 绝了和旧社会的各方面的绝了和旧社会的各方面的一切联系一切联系。 三三. . 重复动词重复动词1.1.People People forgetforget your face fir
15、st, your face first, then your name.then your name.2.2.This This requiresrequires care and, for care and, for difficult problems, great difficult problems, great experience.experience.3.3.They They worewore zippered black boots zippered black boots and a tailored suit.and a tailored suit.1.1.人们先是人们先
16、是忘记忘记你的容貌，接着又你的容貌，接着又忘记忘记你你 的名字。的名字。2.2.此项工作此项工作需要需要心细，碰到棘手问题时，心细，碰到棘手问题时， 还还需要需要丰富的经验。丰富的经验。3.3.他脚上他脚上穿着穿着拉链式黑皮靴，身上拉链式黑皮靴，身上穿着穿着讲讲 究的西服。究的西服。 四四. . 重复前置词前的动词重复前置词前的动词1.1.Grammar deals Grammar deals withwith the structure of the structure of language, English grammar language, English grammar withwi
17、th the the structure of English, French structure of English, French grammar grammar withwith the structure of the structure of French, etc. French, etc.2.They talked2.They talked of of things they longed things they longed for- for-ofof meat and meat and ofof hot soup and hot soup and of of the ric
18、hness of butter. the richness of butter.1.语法语法论述论述语言结构，英语语法语言结构，英语语法论述论述英英语语言结构，法语语语言结构，法语论述论述法语语言结构，法语语言结构，等等。等等。2.他们他们谈到谈到他们所渴望的那些东西他们所渴望的那些东西谈到谈到鲜肉，鲜肉，谈到谈到热汤，热汤，谈到谈到营养丰富营养丰富的黄油。的黄油。 （二）（二） 为了生动为了生动 英语原文句子中即使没有词的重复，英语原文句子中即使没有词的重复，翻译时为了生动，汉语可以重复。翻译时为了生动，汉语可以重复。 a a、运用两个四字词组运用两个四字词组 b b、运用词的重叠运用词的重
19、叠 c c、运用四字对偶词组运用四字对偶词组 1 1、运用两个四字词组、运用两个四字词组 1) 1)But there had been too much But there had been too much publicitypublicity about my case. about my case. 但我的事现在已经搞得但我的事现在已经搞得满城风雨满城风雨，人人皆知人人皆知了。了。 2 2）The streets were The streets were overrun overrun by Hitlers by Hitlers bullies. bullies. 那时希特勒的暴徒在
20、街上那时希特勒的暴徒在街上横行霸道横行霸道，无恶不作无恶不作。 2 2、运用词的重叠、运用词的重叠 词的重叠是汉语常用的一种修辞手段。寻觅：寻寻觅觅；词的重叠是汉语常用的一种修辞手段。寻觅：寻寻觅觅；冷清：冷冷清清；清楚：清清楚楚；明白：明明白白；冷清：冷冷清清；清楚：清清楚楚；明白：明明白白；凄惨：凄凄惨惨。凄惨：凄凄惨惨。1)1)I had been completely I had been completely honest honest in my replies, in my replies, with holding nothing.with holding nothing. 我
21、的回答是我的回答是坦坦荡荡坦坦荡荡，毫无隐讳。，毫无隐讳。2 2）His children, too, were as His children, too, were as raggedragged and wild as and wild as if they belonged to nobody.if they belonged to nobody. 他的那些孩子，也是穿得他的那些孩子，也是穿得破破烂烂破破烂烂，粗野不堪，就象，粗野不堪，就象没有父母似的。没有父母似的。 3 3、运用四字对偶词组、运用四字对偶词组 汉语中有很多四字对偶词组，在这个四字中前后两汉语中有很多四字对偶词组，在这个
22、四字中前后两对字形成对偶，往往具有相同或类似的含义，也是一种对字形成对偶，往往具有相同或类似的含义，也是一种重复。英译汉时，可酌情处理，使译文显得生动。重复。英译汉时，可酌情处理，使译文显得生动。 great contributions: great contributions: 丰功伟绩丰功伟绩 gratitude: gratitude: 感恩戴德感恩戴德 ingratitude:ingratitude:忘恩负义忘恩负义 prosperity:prosperity:繁荣昌盛繁荣昌盛 vivid: vivid: 生动活泼生动活泼 arrogance: arrogance: 骄傲自大骄傲自大 c
23、areless:careless:粗心大意粗心大意 street gossip: street gossip: 街头巷议街头巷议 rumors: rumors: 流言蜚语流言蜚语1.1.It was a bright September afternoon, It was a bright September afternoon, and the streets of New York were and the streets of New York were brilliant brilliant with with moving menmoving men. . 九月一个晴朗的下午，纽约大
24、街，九月一个晴朗的下午，纽约大街，人来人往人来人往，五光十色五光十色。2. 2. Whatever initialWhatever initial worries worries we had about we had about the plane soon the plane soon vanishedvanished. . 不管我们一开始对那架飞机多么不管我们一开始对那架飞机多么焦虑不安焦虑不安，但这种焦虑不安不久就但这种焦虑不安不久就烟消云散烟消云散了。了。翻译实践 2 2一、注意保持原文的重复手段一、注意保持原文的重复手段1. 1. If one virtue is lost, al
25、l is lost.If one virtue is lost, all is lost.2. It is impossible to live in society and be 2. It is impossible to live in society and be independent of society. independent of society.3. Dead is the monarch, dead the servant who3. Dead is the monarch, dead the servant who cringed before him, dead th
26、e city in which cringed before him, dead the city in which they dwelt. they dwelt.1、生于生于社会社会，不能脱离，不能脱离社会社会。2 2、如果一旦、如果一旦丧失丧失了道德，便了道德，便丧失丧失了了 一切。一切。3 3、君主、君主死了死了，在他面前卑躬屈膝、，在他面前卑躬屈膝、 阿谀奉承的侍臣阿谀奉承的侍臣死了死了，他们居住，他们居住 的城市也的城市也死了死了。二、用四字重迭词组表达原文中的斜体词二、用四字重迭词组表达原文中的斜体词1.1.The toasts were flat.The toasts were
27、flat.2.2.With his tardiness and With his tardiness and carelessness,he had few friends carelessness,he had few friends in his class.in his class.3.3.I was not evasive in my reply.I was not evasive in my reply.1 1、祝酒辞祝酒辞平平淡淡平平淡淡。2 2、他老是、他老是磨磨蹭蹭磨磨蹭蹭，马马虎虎马马虎虎， 所以在班里没有几个朋友所以在班里没有几个朋友。3 3、我的回答并未、我的回答并未躲躲
28、闪闪躲躲闪闪。 三、用四字对偶词组表达原文意思三、用四字对偶词组表达原文意思1.1.The trial, in his opinion, was The trial, in his opinion, was absolutely fair.absolutely fair.2.2.She is an awful fool of a woman.She is an awful fool of a woman.3.3.But at that time, she was the But at that time, she was the only woman there.only woman there.1 1、据他看来，这次审判是绝对、据他看来，这次审判是绝对公平合公平合 理理的。的。2 2、她是一个、她是一个愚昧无知愚昧无知的女人。的女人。3 3、但是当时她是那里、但是当时她是那里独一无二独一无二的女人。的女人。
