BMGrammar外研选修Module实用教案

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1、第1页/共69页第一页,共70页。partsofthesesentencesindicatethe“time”.ThemomentIgetthemoneyIllsendtheticket.Iwasjustgettingintothebathwhenthetelephonerang.Hegetsmoreattractiveashegetsolder.WheneverIgotheretheyseemtobeintrouble.IvebeenverybusysinceIcamebackfromholiday.第2页/共69页第二页,共70页。(1)when,as,while(从属连词)when既可引

2、导(yndo)持续性动作,又可引导(yndo)短暂性动作。它可以表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生,或从句的动作发生在主句动作之前或之后。如:WhenIwasaboy,IusedtogototheseashoreonSundays.(同时)Whenthelessonwasover,webeganourwriting.(从句动作在前)WhenIreachedthecinema,thefilmhadbegun.第3页/共69页第三页,共70页。as引导持续性动作,侧重(czhng)主句和从句的动作同时发生。He hurried home, looking behind as hewalk.Isaw

3、yoursisterasshewasgettingonthebusyesterday.Hesangashewalked.第4页/共69页第四页,共70页。while指的是“在某一时间里”,“在期间(qjin)”,从句里的动作必须是持续性的,它也强调主句和从句动作的同时发生,往往侧重主句和从句动作的对比。如:WhilehewasinLondon,hestudiedmusic.WhilewewerewatchingTV,hewaswritingacomposition.第5页/共69页第五页,共70页。当when,as,while表示“在一段时间里”,主从句的动作同时发生(fshng)时,可以换用

4、。如:While(When/As)wewerediscussing,Mr.Smithcamein.第6页/共69页第六页,共70页。*when可表示(biosh)“如果”。如:Dontbeafraidofaskingforhelp_itisneeded.(2003全国)A.UnlessB.sinceC.althoughD.when*while可表示(biosh)“虽然,尽管”。如:1)_modelingbusinessisbynomeanseasytogetinto,thegoodmodelwillalwaysbeindemand.(2004浙江)A.WhileB.SinceC.AsD.If第

5、7页/共69页第七页,共70页。when和while(并列连词)while表示对照的意思(ys);when表示“这时,突然”1) _Iacceptthatheisnotperfect,Idoactuallyliketheperson.(2004江苏)江苏)A.WhileB.SinceC.BeforeD.Unless2)Hewasabouttotellmethesecret_someonepattedhimontheshoulder.(2002上上海)海)A.asB.untilC.whileD.when第8页/共69页第八页,共70页。3)Wewereswimminginthelake_sudd

6、enlythestormstarted.(2004北京北京(bijn)春)春)A.whenB.whileC.untilD.before4)Jasminewasholidayingwithherfamilyinawildlifepark_shewasbittenonthelegbyalion.(2004上海)上海)A.whenB.whileC.sinceD.before第9页/共69页第九页,共70页。(2)till和until如果主句谓语动词是持续动词,通常用肯定式的主句,表示(biosh)“直到为止”。如:Iworkedtill(until)hecameback.第10页/共69页第十页,共

7、70页。如果主句谓语动词是瞬间动词,则用否定式的主句表示(biosh)“直到才”。如:Ididntgotobeduntil(till)hecameback.3)-Washisfatherverystrictwithhimwhenhewasatschool?-Yes.Hehadneverpraisedhim_hebecameoneofthetopstudentsinhisgrade.(2003春)A.afterB.unlessC.untilD.when第12页/共69页第十二页,共70页。Notuntil放在句首表示强调(qingdio)时,主句要到装。4)Notuntilallthefishd

8、iedintheriver_howseriousthepollutionwas.(1995全国全国(qunu)A.didthevillagersrealizeB.thevillagersrealizedC.thevillagersdidrealizeD.didntthevillagersrealize第13页/共69页第十三页,共70页。*如果before引导的从句(cnj)位于主句之后,有时不能译成“在之前”,而要译成“就”、“才”等。如:ThestrugglelastedfouryearsbeforetheNorthwonintheend.Healmostknockedmedownbefo

9、rehesawme.(3)before“在之前(zhqin)”BeforeIcamedownstairsIhadpreparedmyselfverycarefullyforwhatImustsay.第14页/共69页第十四页,共70页。1)Someonecalledmeupinthemiddleofthenight,buttheyhungup_Icouldanswerthephone.(2000全国全国(qunu))A.asB.sinceC.untilD.before2)Hemadeamistake,butthenhecorrectedthesituation_itgotworse.(2003

10、北京)北京)A.untilB.whenC.beforeD.as第15页/共69页第十五页,共70页。(4)bythetime,eachtime,everytime,immediately,themoment,theinstant,theminute,soonafter,shortlyafter都可以作为连词,引导时间(shjin)状语。如:Bythetimehewasfourteen,hehadtaughthimselfadvancedmathematics.Eachtimehecame,hewouldcallonme.Youmustshowhiminimmediatelyhecomes.Ir

11、ecognizedhimthemomentIsawhim.第17页/共69页第十七页,共70页。注意:时间状语从句中谓语动词不能用任何一种将来时,只能用现在(xinzi)时和过去时表示将来时。-DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher?-Yes,Igaveittoher_Isawher.(2001全国(qunu)春)A.whileB.themomentC.suddenlyD.once第18页/共69页第十八页,共70页。时间状语(zhungy)从句:引导时间状语从句的从属(cngsh)连词有:when,while,as,whenever,before

12、,after,since,till,until,assoonas,once,themoment,immediately,nosoonerthan,hardlywhen,bythetime,everytime,lasttime等。第19页/共69页第十九页,共70页。Itisdifficultforustolearnalessoninlife_weveactuallyhadthatlesson.(2007天津(tinjn)A.untilB.afterC.sinceD.when-Wheresthatreport?-Ibroughtittoyou_youwereinMr.Blacksofficeye

13、sterday.(2007北京(bijn)A.ifB.whenC.becauseD.before第21页/共69页第二十一页,共70页。Imsorryyouvebeenwaitingsolong,butitllstillbesometime_Briangetsback.(2008北京(bijn)A.beforeB.sinceC.tillD.afterIusedtolovethatfilm_Iwasachild,butIdontfeelitthatwayanymore.(2008辽宁)A.once B.whenC.sinceD.although第22页/共69页第二十二页,共70页。1.我一见到

14、他就告诉他这个消息。我一见到他就告诉他这个消息。(assoonas)2.2.她一来到她一来到(lido)教室,就开始读教室,就开始读英语。英语。(assoonas)IlltellhimthenewsassoonasIseehim.Assoonasshecameintotheclassroom,shebegantoreadEnglish.Translatethefollowingsentencesbyusingthewordsinbrackets.Exercises第24页/共69页第二十四页,共70页。3.我刚一到家天就下雨了。我刚一到家天就下雨了。(nosoonerthan)Ihadnoso

15、onergothomethanitbegantorain.NosoonerhadIgothomethanitbegantorain.第25页/共69页第二十五页,共70页。4.他刚做完试卷他刚做完试卷(shjun),铃声就响,铃声就响了。了。(hardlywhen)Hehadhardlyfinishedthetestwhenthebellrang.Hardlyhadhefinishedthetestwhenthebellrang.第26页/共69页第二十六页,共70页。5.5.他一来,你就可立即他一来,你就可立即(lj)(lj)离开。离开。(immediately)(immediately)6

16、.6.我一见到你,就认出你来了。我一见到你,就认出你来了。(the moment)(the moment)Youmayleaveimmediatelyhecomes.IrecognizedyouthemomentIsawyou.第27页/共69页第二十七页,共70页。7.7.每次见面,他都向我问候每次见面,他都向我问候(wnhu)(wnhu),说,说“你好!你好!”(each time / every time)(each time / every time)8.8.到到1818岁的时候,她已大学毕业了。岁的时候,她已大学毕业了。(by the time) (by the time) Hegr

17、eetedwith“hello!”eachtimehesawme.Bythetimeshewas18,shehadalreadygraduatedfromtheuniversity.第28页/共69页第二十八页,共70页。第29页/共69页第二十九页,共70页。Mikesaidthathewouldcometoschooltoseemethenextday,buthedidntcometoschooltoseemethenextday.Mikesaidthathewouldcometoschooltoseemethenextday,buthedidnt.避免避免(bmin)重复重复,减少累赘减

18、少累赘EllipsesLookatthefollowingsentences,saywhichoneisbetterandwhy.第30页/共69页第三十页,共70页。省略句省略句:为了避免重复为了避免重复(chngf),省略句中的一省略句中的一个或几个成分个或几个成分,这种语法现这种语法现象称为省略。象称为省略。第31页/共69页第三十一页,共70页。1.Sorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.2.Seenthemoviebefore?Imsorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.Haveyouseenthemoviebefore?连接紧密连接紧密(jnm),结构紧凑,

19、结构紧凑强调重点,突出信息强调重点,突出信息Addwordswhichhavebeenleftoutandrewritethesentences.第32页/共69页第三十二页,共70页。3.Johnwasthewinnerin1994andBobin1998.4.-Whatdidyoudoyesterday?-Justslept.Nothingelse.Johnwasthewinnerin1994andBobwasthewinnerin1998.-Ijustslept.Ididnothingelse.第33页/共69页第三十三页,共70页。简单句中的省略简单句中的省略(shngl)1.在对话中

20、-Howisyourmothertoday?-(Sheis)Muchbetter.2.在祈使句中(You)Openthedoor,please.第34页/共69页第三十四页,共70页。3.在感叹句中Whata(good)boy(heis)!How(hard)theyareworking!4.表示讲话人的意见和看法(It)Soundsfinetome.(Itsa)Pityyoucouldntcome.第35页/共69页第三十五页,共70页。5.提问(Isthere)Anythingwrong?(Haveyou)Foundthebike?6.名词所有格修饰的名词若表示店铺、住宅、教堂或上下文已暗示

21、或明确指出过的事物Athermothers(house)shepassedmanyhappydays.第36页/共69页第三十六页,共70页。7.前面出现(chxin)过的动词在下文再次出现(chxin)时可以单纯使用不定式符号toI.-Willyougowithme?-Well,Idliketo(gowithyou).II.-Haveyoueverbeentotheseaside?-No,wecantaffordto(gototheseaside).第37页/共69页第三十七页,共70页。并列句中的省略并列句中的省略(shngl)1.后面(humian)分句中与前面相同的部分常被省略。She

22、waspoorbut(shewas)honest.2.有时并列句中的省略部分出现在前面的分句中,看完最后一个(y)分句才能掌握全句的完整意义。Marycan(speakEnglish)andMaryoughttospeakEnglish.第38页/共69页第三十八页,共70页。惯用的省略惯用的省略(shngl)结构结构1.无动词祈使句,无主句祝愿(zhyun)句,这类句子往往用感叹号。IfonlyIcouldrememberhisname!2.固定(gdng)句型How/Whatabout+n./pron./-ing。Whataboutsomemoremilk?3.Whynot+省去to的动词

23、不定式。Whynotgoatonce?第39页/共69页第三十九页,共70页。复合句中的省略复合句中的省略(shngl)1.主句(zhj)中的省略1)主句(zhj)的省略多见于句首,多用于口语。(Itsa)Pityyoucouldntcome.2)在对话中答句省去整个主句只用从句。-ShallIgotoplay?-Ifyoulike(youcangotoplay).第40页/共69页第四十页,共70页。2.宾语从句(cnj)中的省略1)由which,when,where,how和why引导的宾语从句(cnj),可全部或部分省去,只保留引导词。Pleasepassmeoneofthesebook

24、s,Idontcarewhich(youpassme).第41页/共69页第四十一页,共70页。2)在Imafraid,Ithink,Ibelieve,Ihope,Iguess等开头的作答句中,后面跟so与not分别用于肯定或否定宾语(bny)时,宾语(bny)从句可省去。-Doyouthinkitwillrain?-Ihopenot(thatitwillnotrain).第42页/共69页第四十二页,共70页。3.状语(zhungy)从句中的省略1)状语(zhungy)从句出现在句末时,一般都可以作句尾省略。Comingswimming?Youdonthaveto(comingswimmin

25、g)ifyoudontwantto(comingswimming).第43页/共69页第四十三页,共70页。2)有时条件从句可以完全省去,只剩下(shnxi)主句。Iwouldhavecomeyesterday(ifIhadwantedto).3)以as,than引导的比较状语从句(cnj)可以全部或部分省去。Afterhalfanhour,shebecamequieter(thanshehadbeen).第44页/共69页第四十四页,共70页。1.Theresearchissodesignedthatonce_nothingcanbedonetochangeit.(2002全国(qunu)A

26、.beginsB.havingbegunC.beginningD.begun第45页/共69页第四十五页,共70页。状语从句中,如果主句的主语和从句的主语一致,且状语从句的谓语动词中有be动词,从句的主语连同be可一起省略,该类状语从句多为时间、地点、条件(tiojin)、方式或让步等,连词为when,while,though,if,unless,although,asif等,后面通常接分词、不定式、形容词、名词等。第46页/共69页第四十六页,共70页。2.Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbut_hesaidit.(2004湖北)A.thewayB.inthew

27、aythatC.inthewayD.thewaywhich第47页/共69页第四十七页,共70页。关系代词在限制性定语从句(cnj)中充当宾语且不位于介词之后可以省略。第48页/共69页第四十八页,共70页。3.Acomputerdoesonlywhatthinkingpeople_.(1999上海)A.haveitdoB.haveitdoneC.havedoneitD.havingitdone第49页/共69页第四十九页,共70页。不定式在感官动词(dngc)see,hear,feel,watch,notice,lookat,listento,overhear,observe和使役动词(dn

28、gc)have,make,let后作宾语补足语时,不定式省略to。第50页/共69页第五十页,共70页。4.-Illbeawayonabusinesstrip.Wouldyoumindlookingaftermycar?-Notatall._.(1995全国(qunu)A.IvenotimeB.IdrathernotC.IdlikeitD.Idbehappyto第51页/共69页第五十一页,共70页。动词love,mean,want,hate,like,wish,expect,hope,try,intend,plan,refuse,prefer,seem及beglad(pleased,deli

29、ghted,happy)to等后面接不定式时,为避免(bmin)重复,常省略与上文相同的动词,只保留to不定式符号。第52页/共69页第五十二页,共70页。5.-Youhaventlosttheticket,haveyou?-_.Iknowitsnoteasytogetanotheroneatthemoment.(2004江苏)A.IhopenotB.Yes,IhaveC.IhopesoD.Yes,Imafraidso第53页/共69页第五十三页,共70页。替代词so/not用于避免重复前面所说过的内容,代替肯定的名词性从句。可与动词believe,do,expect,fear,guess,h

30、ope,say,speak,suppose,think等及Imafraid连用。肯定时上列动词都可与so搭配(dpi),否定时hope与guess只用Ihopenot和Iguessnot形式,而think,believe,suppose等词可有两种否定形式,即:Inot.或Idontso.第54页/共69页第五十四页,共70页。6._itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheYangpuBridge.(1994上海)A.WereB.ShouldC.WouldD.Will第55页/共69页第五十五页,共70页。在书面语中,当条件从句(cnj)有

31、were,had,should时省略if,把它们提至句首,形成倒装句式。在含有建议、要求、命令等相关的名词性从句(cnj)用should+V,should可以省略。第56页/共69页第五十六页,共70页。7.-Letsgoandhaveagooddrinktonight.-_Haveyougotthefirstprizeinthecompetition?(2004重庆(zhnqn)A.Whatfor?B.Thanksalot.C.Yes,IdliketoD.Whynot?第57页/共69页第五十七页,共70页。省略在会话中广泛应用,解题时应按照问话或答语的具体内容补充完整(wnzhng),做好

32、该类题型一是要注意上下文语境,二是要注意常见句式的省略。第58页/共69页第五十八页,共70页。英语中常见句式的省略英语中常见句式的省略(shngl)有:有:1.Itis(that)强调句式中强调句式中that部部分省略分省略(shngl)。2.(Itis)Nowonder(难怪难怪)3.(Isthere)Anythingelse?4.(Youd)Betterdo5.havesomedifficulty(in)doing,preventsb.(from)doingsth.等词组中等词组中第59页/共69页第五十九页,共70页。8.-Wheredidyouseehimlastnight?-Itw

33、asinthehotel_hestayed.A.whereB.thatC.whichD./补全强调句式补全强调句式that部分部分(bfen):Itwasinthehotel(wherehestayed)thatIsawhimlastnight.hotel后为定语从句。后为定语从句。第60页/共69页第六十页,共70页。1.-WasMartinsorryforwhatheddone?-_.Itwasjustlikehim!(2007安徽)A.Nevermind B.AllrightC.NotreallyD.Notsurprisingly2.-Wehavebookedaroomfortodaya

34、ndtomorrow.-_,sir.(2007全国(qunu)A.ImsureB.MypleasureC.ItsallrightD.Illcheck第61页/共69页第六十一页,共70页。3.Weallknowthat,_,thesituationwillgetworse.(2007全国(qunu)A.notifdealtcarefullywithB.ifnotcarefullydealtwithC.ifdealtnotcarefullywithD.notifcarefullydealtwith第62页/共69页第六十二页,共70页。4.-Dad!Tomsbrokenaglass!(2007四

35、川)-_.Accidentswillhappen.A.NowayB.DoesntmatterC.NotroubleatallD.Dontmentionit第63页/共69页第六十三页,共70页。5.IfJoeswifewontgototheparty,_.(2007全国全国(qunu)A.hewilleitherB.neitherwillheC.heneitherwill D.eitherhewill6.-Haveyougotanyparticularplansforthecomingholiday?-Yes._,Imgoingtovisitsomehomesfortheoldinthecit

36、y.(2008安徽安徽)A.IfeverB.IfbusyC.IfanythingD.Ifpossible第64页/共69页第六十四页,共70页。1.Shelikessingingandshelikesdancing.2.Isthisthedriverthatyoutalkedaboutyesterday?3.ThemanwhoissittingbythewindowisMr.Smith.4.Hecouldnotdecidewhethertobuythecarornottobuythecar.5.Whenitisheated,themetalexpands.Changethesentencesi

37、ntoellipticalsentences.Practice第65页/共69页第六十五页,共70页。6.Youcandoitifyouwanttodoit.7.Myfatherplannedallthesehousesandmyfatherbuiltallthesehouses.8.HeisthelastpersonthatIwanttosee.9.Heworkedhardbuthisbrotherdidnotworkhard.10.Whilehewasreadingthenewspaper,grandpanoddedfromtimetotime.11.Hewenttothedoctorbe

38、causehehadtogotothedoctor.第66页/共69页第六十六页,共70页。12.Thereferencebookswhichwereorderedlastmonthhaventarrivedyet.13.Wetestedthedepthofthewaterandthetemperatureofthewater.14.Althoughheisverybusy,hewilldoitforus.15.Youmayleaveifyouwishtoleave.第67页/共69页第六十七页,共70页。第68页/共69页第六十八页,共70页。谢谢您的观看(gunkn)!第69页/共69页第六十九页,共70页。内容(nirng)总结Grammar 1。when和while(并列连词) while表示对照的意思。6.我一见到你,就认出你来了。省略句:为了避免重复,省略句中的一个或几个成分,这种语法现象称为省略。1)由which,when,where,how和why 引导的宾语从句,可全部或部分省去,只保留(boli)引导词。谢谢您的观看第七十页,共70页。

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