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1、能力提升题组训练(B) . 阅读理解A Climate affects health When it comes to the effects of climate change,we usually think of melting icebergs(冰山 ) and rising sea levels.But few would imagine it could actually impact our mental health as well. A recent study by ecoAmerica and the American Psychological Association
2、found just that.It was discovered that disasters linked to climate change could cause shock due to personal injuries,loss of a loved one,damage to property or even the loss of livelihood.When the negative emotions caused by these events eventually go away,they may be replaced by longer-term mental i
3、mpacts. For example,both suicides and suicidal thoughts more than doubled among people in Louisiana,US,after Hurricane Katrina happened in 2005,according to the report. Nearly half of the people living in the affected area developed anxiety or a mood disorder such as depression. However,disasters al
4、one aren t the only causes of climate change-related mental health problems.Changes in climate also harm agriculture,infrastructure(基 础 设 施 ) and livability(宜 居度),which in turn affect jobs and quality of life.As a result, some people are forced to leave their homes and become so-called climate refug
5、ees. These effects can lead to a loss of personal and professional identity,or cause feelings of helplessness and fear. The effects can also have an impact on physical health.High levels of stress and anxiety are linked to conditions such as a weakened immune system. In addition,climate change is in
6、fluencing the way communities interact(互动 ).Both long-term effects such as droughts and extreme weather,such as hurricanes, have been shown to make people more aggressive according to earlier studies. But there is no need to panic.The authors of the report suggested several strategies people can use
7、 to cope with the negative mental impacts of climate change.Susan Clayton,lead author of the report and a professor of psychology at the College of Wooster,US,said the most important thing is to encourage social connections,make people feel more secure and give them greater access to information. An
8、other important factor is being prepared. “The fact that most of us ignore climate change makes the effects worse because we dont really know what to expect and it seems scary and unknown” ,Clayton told The Washington Post. “But if we inform ourselves that that s what is likely to happen in our area
9、,we would be more prepared and in control of the situation.”she added. 1.The article mainly talks about . A.the negative emotions caused by natural disasters B.why certain people react to climate change differently C.the effects of climate change on mental health and some possible solutions D.how th
10、e study of negative feelings led to a better understanding of climate change 2.Which of the following people could be called a climate refugee? A.A farmer who lost his kids in Hurricane Katrina. B.A fisherman who gave up his home due to rising sea levels. C.A man who experienced a typhoon suffering
11、from depression. D.A woman who is extremely afraid of stormy weather. 3.We can learn from the last four paragraphs that . A.climate change has become a widely recognized public issue B.the public needs immediate access to information about climate change C.the threat of climate change is not as big
12、as it seems D.the influence of climate change could be reduced if people prepared more 语篇解读 : 本文是议论文。本文指出气候对人体的影响及相关应对措施。答案及剖析 : 1.C 主旨大意题。全文指出气候改变对人体尤其是精神方面的影响及应对措施。故C项正确。2.B 推理判断题。由第四段“As a result,some people are forced to leave their homes and become so-called climate refugees ”可知 , 由于天气变化的原因被迫弃家
13、而去的一些人称之为climate refugees,可推知 B项正确。3.D 推理判断题。由后四段尤其是最后两段的具体描述和倒数第三段的论断可知D项正确。B The freezing Northeast hasnt been a terribly fun place to spend time this winter,so when the chance came for a weekend to Sarasota,Florida,my bags were packed before you could say “sunshine ” .I left for the land of warmt
14、h and vitamin C(维生素 C),thinking of beaches and orange trees.When we touched down to blue skies and warm air,I sent up a small prayer of gratefulness.Swimming pools,wine tasting,and pink sunsets(at normal evening hours,not 4 in the afternoon) filled the weekend,but the best part-particularly to my ta
15、ste,dulled by months of cold-weather root vegetables-was a 7 a.m.adventure to the Sarasota farmers market that proved to be more than worth the early wake-up call. The market,which was founded in 1979,sets up its tents every Saturday from 7 a.m. to 1 p.m.,rain or shine,along North Lemon and State st
16、reets.Baskets of perfect red strawberries;the red-painted sides of the Java Dawg coffee truck; and most of all,the tomatoes: amazing,large,soft and round red tomatoes. Disappointed by many a broken,vine-ripened(蔓上成熟的 ) promise,Ive refused to buy winter tomatoes for years.No matter how attractive the
17、y look in the store,once I get them home they re unfailingly dry,hard,and tasteless.But I homed in,with uncertainty,on one particular table at the Brown s Grove Farms stand,full of fresh and soft tomatoes the size of my fist.These were the real deal-and at that moment,I realized that the best part o
18、f Sarasota in winter was going to be eating things that back home in New York I wouldnt be experiencing again for months. Delighted as I was by the tomatoes in sight,my happiness deepened when I learned that Browns Grove Farm is one of the suppliers for Jack Dusty,a newly opened restaurant at the Sa
19、rasota Ritz Carlton,where-luckily for me-I was planning to have dinner that very night.Without even seeing the menu,I knew I d be ordering every tomato on it. 4.What did the author think of her winter life in New York? A.Exciting. B.Boring. C.Relaxing. D.Annoying. 5.What made the author s getting up
20、 early worthwhile? A.Having a swim. B.Breathing in fresh air. C.Walking in the morning sun. D.Visiting a local farmers market. 6.What can we learn about tomatoes sold in New York in winter? A.They are soft. B.They look nice. C.They taste great. D.They are juicy. 7.What was the author going to do tha
21、t evening? A.Go to a farm. B.Check into a hotel. C.Eat in a restaurant. D.Buy fresh vegetables. 语篇解读 : 本文为一篇记叙文。作者冬季去佛罗里达州的萨拉索塔度假, 游泳池、 品酒以及粉红色的晚霞都令作者陶醉不已。但是 , 最吸引作者的并不是这些, 那么 , 到底是什么呢 ?大家快来读一读文章吧! 答案及剖析 : 4.B 推理判断题。由第一段中的The freezing Northeast hasnt been a terribly fun place to spend time this wint
22、er和 dulled by months of cold-weather root vegetables可知 , 作者厌倦了纽约的冬天, 因为那里根本没有乐趣 , 同时也厌倦了冬天的根茎蔬菜, 所以可以推断出作者认为纽约的冬天是令人厌烦、枯燥和单调的。 故选B项。 A项 exciting“令人兴奋的”, 显然与作者真实的感受相反;C 项 relaxing“令人放松的”,文中体现不出作者明显的放松情绪;annoying “令人恼怒的”, 作者只是感觉“枯燥、单调”, 并非“恼怒” 。5.D 细节理解题。根据题干关键信息词worthwhile可以定位到第一段的最后一句。由.the best par
23、t.was a 7 a.m.adventure to the Sarasota farmers market that proved to be more than worth the early wake-up call.可知 ,作者认为 , 早起去萨拉索塔农贸市场很值得, 因此选 D项。6.B 细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的.Ive refused to buy winter tomatoes for years.可知 , 作者在纽约已经好多年不买冬季出售的西红柿了, 然后通过 No matter how attractive they look in the store,once I ge
24、t them home they re unfailingly dry,hard,and tasteless.可知 , 纽约冬季出售的西红柿只是看起来好看, 但是吃着发干、很硬而且无味。故B项正确。 A、C、D三项与作者所描述的纽约冬季出售的西红柿的现实情况相反, 故排除。7.C 推理判断题。根据题干关键信息词that evening可定位到最后一段中的.I learned that Brown s Grove Farm is one of the suppliers for Jack Dusty,a newly opened restaurant at the Sarasota Ritz C
25、arlton,whereluckily for meI was planning to have dinner that very night.,句中的 that very night是关键信息词。由此可知 , 这个农场是Jack Dusty(一个新开的饭馆) 的一个 ( 蔬菜和水果 ) 供应商 , 而幸运的是作者那晚正好要去这个位于Sarasota Ritz Carlton的饭馆吃饭。故C 项正确。此处并未提到“晚上去一个农场”“入住一家宾馆”,因此可以排除A、B两项。文章最后一句话说的是在那个饭馆直接点(order)每一道带西红柿的菜,而不是 D项所说的“买新鲜的蔬菜” 。. 语法填空(2
26、018 福建厦门质检) Last year,I met my friend Steve at a party.He invited me to take part in a teaching project over the winter break in Cambodia.The more he talked about it,the more 1. (interest) I became.I left the party 2. (think) I might actually do it. My immediate excitement gave in to 3. (excuse) as
27、the weeks passed.The trip would be expensive,I 4. (have) less time to spend with my family over the winter break,and I hadnt really traveled before.Most of all,I was terrified of taking the risk. On the day I made my decision,I suddenly 5. (feel) as if I had opened my eyes 6. (final) and seen myself
28、 clearly.I had moved away from home,almost graduated from college 7. overcome several small-scale fears.I could not let fear get in the way of a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity.So I took the challenge. Before the trip,I hadnt known 8. I wanted to do after graduation.Now I am planning on teaching Engl
29、ish abroad.I am still amazed by my experience and thankful for everything it has taught 9. (I).Now I am not afraid to take on challenges and have faith 10. myself. 语篇解读 : 本文为记叙文。去年我的朋友史蒂夫邀请我在寒假期间去柬埔寨任教, 我欣然接受了。答案及剖析 : 1.interested 考查形容词。本题采用了“The more.,the more.”句型。设空处作系动词became的表语 , 故用形容词形式。2.think
30、ing 考查非谓语动词。think与主语 I 之间为逻辑上的主动关系, 故答案为thinking。3.excuses 考查名词复数。根据下文可推知借口不止一个, 故设空处填excuse 的复数形式excuses 。4.would have 考查时态。设空处表示过去将来的事情, 故用过去将来时。5.felt 考查时态。设空处表示过去的情况, 故用一般过去时。6.finally 考查副词。设空处需用副词作状语。7.and 三个动词为递进关系, 故用 and 连接。8.what “ I wanted to do”为宾语从句 , 该从句缺少宾语且表示“事物”, 故用 what 引导。9.me 考查代词
31、。设空处需用代词宾格形式作taught的宾语。10.in 考查介词。 have faith in为固定短语 , 意为 : 信任。. 短文改错When I was a child,I hoped to live in the city.I think I would be happy there.Now I am living in a city,but I miss my home in countryside.There the air is clean or the mountains are green.Unfortunately,on the development of indust
32、rialization,the environment has been polluted.Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem.The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier.Much rare animals are dying out.We must found ways to protect your environment.If we fail to do so,well
33、live to regret it. 答案 :When I was a child,I hoped to live in the city.I I would be happy there.Now I am living in a city,but I miss my home in the countryside.There the air is clean the mountains are green.Unfortunately, the development of industrialization,the environment has been polluted.Lots of
34、studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very problem.The we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier. rare animals are dying out.We must ways to protect environment.If we fail to do so,well live to regret it. 剖析 : 考查时态。 前句是一般过去时,且本复合句的从句用了过去将来时, 故此处应用一般过去时, 以符合“时态一致”原则。小时候,
35、 我希望在城市里居住。我原以为在那里我会很幸福。是过去以为 , 要用一般过去时态。考查冠词。城市生活与乡村生活对比, 此处特指乡村,所以用 in the countryside。考查连词。乡村的空气是干净的, 大山是翠绿翠绿的。前后是并列关系。考查介词with 。with表示“随着” 。考查语态。此处表示“研究表明”, 所以用主动语态。考查形容词修饰名词。用形容词修饰名词problem, 不能用副词形式。a very serious problem一个非常严重的问题。考查名词单复数。air “空气”是不可数名词, 不能用复数形式。考查限定词。many修饰后面的可数名词复数animals 。考查情态动词。情态动词后要用动词原形。考查代词。前后代词要一致, 前面的主语为we,所以此处应该用our 或 the 。
