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1、GRAMMARModal verbs1.情态动词有一定的意义，只表示期待或估计某事的情态动词有一定的意义，只表示期待或估计某事的发生，不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情。发生，不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情。2.没有人称和数的变化，即情态动词第三人称单数不没有人称和数的变化，即情态动词第三人称单数不加加-s。3.不能独立使用，它和后面的动词构成谓语。不能独立使用，它和后面的动词构成谓语。4.情态动词情态动词除除ought和和have外，后面只能接动词原外，后面只能接动词原形形5.情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式，分词，情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式，分词，等形式。等形式。只作情态动词
2、的只作情态动词的can/could,may/might,oughtto,must可情态可实义的可情态可实义的need,dare/dared可情态可助动词的可情态可助动词的shall/should,will/would相当于情态动词的相当于情态动词的haveto,usedto情态动词的语法特征情态动词的语法特征1.Sohecancarryheavybooks.2.Hecouldntopenthedoorbyhimself.3.Couldyouopenthedoor,please?Themodalverbs“can”and“couldnt”meanonesabilitytodosomething.
3、Theyaresimilarto“beabletodosomething”.“could”inthethirdsentencemeansmakingarequest.Must,can/could,may/might的用法的用法must1.Must表示推测时，表示推测时，只能用于只能用于肯定句。肯定句。mustdo对对一般时一般时的肯定推测的肯定推测musthavedone对对过去发生的事情过去发生的事情作出的肯定判断作出的肯定判断mustbedoing对对现在的动作现在的动作进行肯定推测进行肯定推测他们买了一辆新车。他们买了一辆新车。 他们一定很有钱他们一定很有钱Theyhaveboughta
4、newcar.Theymust havealotofmoney.他现在一定在看小说他现在一定在看小说Hemust be readingnovelsnow.路是湿的。昨天晚上一定下雨了。路是湿的。昨天晚上一定下雨了。Theroadiswet.Itmust have rainedlastnight.can/could 1. can /could 表示推测时，只能用在表示推测时，只能用在否定句或疑问句否定句或疑问句中中。Its so late. Can Tom be reading?这么晚了，汤姆还在看书吗？这么晚了，汤姆还在看书吗？这个人不可能是玛丽，这个人不可能是玛丽， 她生病了。她生病了。It
5、 cant be Mary. She has fallen ill.她不可能在说谎。她不可能在说谎。She couldnt be telling lies.2. can/could not have done 对对过去发生过去发生行为进行推行为进行推测测:不可能做某事不可能做某事刚才我还看见他了，刚才我还看见他了， 所以他不可能出国的。所以他不可能出国的。 I saw him just now so he couldnt have gone abroad.门是锁着的，门是锁着的， 所以她不可能在家。所以她不可能在家。The door was locked， so she couldnt hav
6、e been at home.3. can/could have done “本可以，本可能做某事本可以，本可能做某事”用用于于肯定句肯定句中，表示对中，表示对过去发生的事情过去发生的事情做出的判断，做出的判断， 你本来可以考的更好。你本来可以考的更好。You could have had a better mark.may/might1.May/might表示推测时，只能用于陈述句，表示对现表示推测时，只能用于陈述句，表示对现在或将来要发生的动作把握不大。在或将来要发生的动作把握不大。(maymight)她们明天可能会到这里来。她们明天可能会到这里来。They may come here t
7、omorrow.他们可能还在等我们呢。他们可能还在等我们呢。They may be still waiting for us.2.might 可用于可用于指过去的行为或者表示可能性更小指过去的行为或者表示可能性更小。他也许在作功课吧。他也许在作功课吧。He might be doing his homework now.我问他我是否可以离开。我问他我是否可以离开。I asked him if I might leave.I asked him “May I leave now?”3.might/may have done,表示对表示对过去发生的动作过去发生的动作进行进行可能性推测，可能性推测，
8、 他可能去医务室了。他可能去医务室了。He may have gone to the clinic.他可能已经从报纸上知道这个消息了。他可能已经从报纸上知道这个消息了。He might have read about the news in the newspaper.Will/Wouldyoudo?表请求，表意志，愿望，决心表请求，表意志，愿望，决心would表过去反复发生得动作或某种倾向表过去反复发生得动作或某种倾向“总是总是,总要总要”usedto表过去常常（现在已没有这种习惯）表过去常常（现在已没有这种习惯）“过去常常过去常常”usedto可于状态动词连用可于状态动词连用would不可
9、以不可以eg.Heusedtobeaquietboy.()Hewouldbeaquietboy.()will/wouldIfyouwillhelpmewithmyEnglish,Iwillbeveryhappy.IpromisedthatIwoulddomybest.YoushalldoasIsay.(命令命令)1.在陈述句中在陈述句中,shall用于二、三人称表示允诺、警告、用于二、三人称表示允诺、警告、命令、决心等。命令、决心等。ShallIopenthewindowforyou？（征求意见）？（征求意见）2.在疑问句中在疑问句中,用于一、三人称，用来表示请求或征用于一、三人称，用来表示请
10、求或征求意见。求意见。shall,should和和oughttoTellhimthatheshallhavethebooktomorrow.(允诺允诺)Nothingshallstopmedoingit.(决心决心)Shallhefetchsomewaterforyou？（请求）？（请求）Youngpeopleshouldlearnhowtousecomputers.3.should常表示劝告、建议、命令，与常表示劝告、建议、命令，与oughtto意意义相近，但义相近，但oughtto多表示责任、义务，语气强烈。多表示责任、义务，语气强烈。Everycitizenoughttoobeylaw.
11、Yououghtnottogo.Youshould/oughttohavetoldherthetruthearlier.Sheshouldnthaveleftwithoutsayingaword.4.should/oughttohavedone表示责备或批评表示责备或批评,意意为为“本应该本应该但但”,oughtto的语气更强烈的语气更强烈,用于否定用于否定则表示则表示“本不该本不该但但”5.Should用于可能性推测时用于可能性推测时,表表“应该，很可能应该，很可能”Theyleftat5:30.Theyshouldgettherenow.-Needhestartfromthebeginni
12、ng?-Yes,hemust.-No,heneednt/doesnthaveto.1.作情态动词时作情态动词时,仅用于否定或疑问句仅用于否定或疑问句,后接动词原形后接动词原形,表表“需需要要”needYouneedntreturnthebooknow.2.neednthavedone表示做了本不必要做的事情表示做了本不必要做的事情,意为意为“本不必要本不必要”OurcolorTVsetisstillgoodenough.Youneednthaveboughtanewone.3.Need作实义动词时作实义动词时,表示表示“需要需要”，有人称、时态、和，有人称、时态、和数的变化数的变化Heneed
13、stofinishitthisevening.Theclassroomneedscleaning.1.作为情态动词用，常用在否定句和疑问句中。Dare (need) +S +VS + darent (neednt) +VI darent walk through the forest at night.Dare you walk through the forest at night?You neednt return the book now.Need he go yesterday?可兼做行为动词的情态动词：可兼做行为动词的情态动词：need、dare 2.作实义动词用，常用在肯定句中,
14、有人称、时态、和数的变化He needs to go there himself.He has grown up,we dont need to worry about him.3.Sth (sb) need( want, request)+ doing/ to be done The house needs cleaning/ to be cleaned The boy needs sending to the hospital at once. 句型句型时态时态动词动词情态动词情态动词dare实义动词实义动词dare肯定句肯定句现在时现在时daredodare/darestodo过去时过去
15、时daredodaredtodo否定句否定句现在时现在时darent/darenotdodo/doesnotdare(to)do过去时过去时darednotdodidnotdare(to)do疑问句疑问句现在时现在时Darehedo?Doyou/Doeshedare(to)do?过去时过去时Daredhedo?Didhedare(to)do 2.I wonder how he_that to the teacher. A. dare to say B. dare saying C.not dare say D.dared sayD4.As it turned out to be a small
16、 house party, we _ so formally.A neednt dress B. didnt have to dress upC. Might not have dressed up D. neednt have dressed upD1.判断正误判断正误:Howdareyousaysuchathing?Howdareyoutosaysuchathing?HedarenttospeakEnglishbeforesuchacrowd,didhe?HedarentspeakEnglishbeforesuchacrowd,darehe?Nobodyneedtobeafraidofca
17、tchingthedisease.Nobodyneedbeafraidofcatchingthedisease.Thesedishesneedbecleanedcarefully.Thesedishesneedtobecleanedcarefully.Thesedishesneedcleaningcarefully. 用情态动词完成句子用情态动词完成句子1.Youve been working all day. You _ be very tired.2. (The doorbell rings) I wonder who that is. It _ be Lisa. Shes still i
18、n the library at this time.3. It is a long time since we met last time. You _ come and see us more often.4. I havent decided where Im going for my holidays. I _ go to Australia.5. Who was the man talking with your teacher? -Im not sure. It _ be her brother.6. When he was there, he _ go to that coffe
19、e shop at the corner after work every day.7. You _ play the piano while the baby is sleeping.8. Tom, please lend me a hand. My drawer _ not openmustcantshouldmaymightwouldmustntwill1The flower is dead. I _ it yesterday.Ashould water Bmust water Cshould have watered Dmustnt have watered2What time oug
20、ht I _?Aarrived Barriving Carrive Dto arrive3He _ speak to his mother like that.Aought not to Bdoesnt ought to Cnot ought to Dought to not4I dont think wed better _ it any more.Adiscuss Bdiscussing Cto discuss Ddiscussed5You ought to _ him, but you didnt.Ahelp Bhelped Chelping Dhave helpedCDAAD1.-Ex
21、cuseme,butIwanttouseyourcomputertotypeareport.-You_havemycomputerifyoudonttakecareofit.A.shantB.mightnotC.needntD.shouldntA2.-WhencanIcomeforthephotos?Ineedthemtomorrowafternoon.-They_bereadyby12:00.A.canB.shouldC.mightD.needB3.Withsomuchworkonhand,you_toseethegamelastnight.A.mustntgoB.couldhavegone
22、C.shouldntgoD.shouldnthavegoneD1.-Willyougoskatingwithmethiswintervacation?-It_.(2002上海上海)A.alldependedB.alldependsC.isalldependedD.isalldepending解析：答案解析：答案B。Italldepends是是“不确定不确定”、“看情况看情况”的意思。的意思。高考链接B2.IFAILEDINTHEFINALEXAMINATIONLASTTERMANDONLYTHEN_THEIMPORTANCEOFSTUDIES.(2004重庆重庆)A.IREALIZEDB.IH
23、ADREALIZEDC.HADIREALIZEDD.DIDIREALIZE解析：答案解析：答案为D.句首句首为“only+副副词”时，句子要用部分，句子要用部分倒装倒装语序；根据序；根据语境境应为一般一般过去去时态。D3.-IWOULDNEVERCOMETOTHISRESTAURANTAGAIN.THEFOODISTERRIBLE!-_.(2004全国全国 )A.NORAMIB.NEITHERWOULDIC.SAMEWITHMED.SODOI 答案答案B B。第一个句子使用了。第一个句子使用了would, would, 用用neitherneither表示附和的意表示附和的意义时，助，助动词应
24、与上文一致。与上文一致。BWhen you are very sure of something, you use must in positive sentences and cannot or cant in negative sentences.e.g.YoumustbeJeanne.ImMathildeLoisel.Weusedtoknoweachotherverywell.Itcantbetrue!Idontbelieveit.When you are quite sure about something, you use can. e.g.Attendingaball canbee
25、xciting.Practice1When you think that something is possible, but you are not very sure, you use could, may or might.e.g.You could borrow some jewellery from your friend Jeanne, who is married to a rich man.You may not know that the necklace I returned is not the one that I had borrowed.Dont you have
26、a friend who might lend you some jewellery?1.Idontknowwheresheis,she_beinWuhan.2.Atthismoment,ourteacher_ourexampapers.这时，我们老师想必在批改试卷。这时，我们老师想必在批改试卷。3.Theroadiswet.It_lastnight.(rain)4.Yourmother_foryou.你妈妈一定一直在找你。你妈妈一定一直在找你。maymustbemarkingmusthaverainedmusthavebeenlooking5.Philip_seriouslyinthecar
27、accident.菲利普可能在车祸中受了重伤菲利普可能在车祸中受了重伤.6.-Lindahasgonetowork,butherbicycleisstillhere.-She_(go)bybus.7.Mike_hiscar,forhecametoworkbybusthismorning.迈克一定还没有找回他的车，因为早上他是坐迈克一定还没有找回他的车，因为早上他是坐公共汽车来上班的。公共汽车来上班的。may(might)havebeenhurtmay(might)havegonecanthavefound用情用情态动词完成句子完成句子1.Youvebeenworkingallday.You_b
28、everytired.2.(Thedoorbellrings)Iwonderwhothatis.It_beLisa.Shesstillinthelibraryatthistime.3.Itisalongtimesincewemetlasttime.You_comeandseeusmoreoften.mustcantshould4.IhaventdecidedwhereImgoingformyholidays.I_gotoAustralia.5.Myfathersbirthdayisccoming.What_Igethim?6.Whydontyoutryonthisdress?It_lookni
29、ceonyou.mayshallwill7.“Whowasthemantalkingwithyourteacher?”“Imnotsure.It_beherbrother.”8.Idontknowwhentheguests_behere.They_arriveatanytime.mightwillcould2.A:_XiaoFengfindtheoriginofEasterfromthatbook?B:No,he_.1.A:_youliketogotoaspecialeventwithusonSaturday?B:Yes,I_.Woulddliketogowithyouon SaturdayC
30、ouldcouldntfinditExercise3.A:_Igowithmyfriendtotheharvestfestival?B:Yes,you_.4.A:IfIwanttobeadoctor_Istudyscience?B:Yes,you_.shouldstudyscienceMaymaygo(withyourshouldfriends)5.A:Heisveryhandsome._heplaytheroleoftheprince?B:No,he_.cantplaytheroleoftheCanprince6.A:Theneighbourschildrenareolderthisyear
31、._theystopplayingtricksatHalloween?B:Perhaps,they_._.MightorShouldmightstoporshouldstopplayingtricksplayingtricksatHalloweenatHalloween1.-_Igoouttoplay,mum?-No,you_.Youshoulddoyourhomeworkfirst.A.Might;wouldntB.May;hadbetternotC.Must;mustntD.Need;mustntB2.-WhereisEmma?-Icantsayforsurewheresheis,buts
32、he_beoutshopping.A.canB.shouldC.mustD.mayD3.Theroomisinaterriblemess;it_cleaned.A.canthavebeenB.couldntbeC.mayhavebeenD.wouldbeA4.How_yousaythatyoureallyunderstandthewholestoryifyouhavecoveredonlypartofthearticle?A.canB.mustC.needD.mayA5.There_beanydifficultyaboutpassingtheroadtestsinceyouhavepracticedalotinthedrivingschool.A.mustntB.shantC.shouldntD.needntCHomework1.Finish exercises on page 5.2.Finish workbook exercises on page 42-43.
