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1、一、虚拟语气在条件从句中的运用一、虚拟语气在条件从句中的运用条件从句条件从句主主 句句与现在事实相反与现在事实相反过去式（过去式（be be 一般用一般用werewere）Would/should/could/mightWould/should/could/might+ + 动词原形动词原形与过去事实相反与过去事实相反had + had + 过去分词过去分词Would/should/could/mightWould/should/could/might+ have + + have + 过去分词过去分词与将来事实相反与将来事实相反过去式过去式should + should + 动词原形动词原形
2、were to + were to + 动词原形动词原形Would/should/could/mightWould/should/could/might+ + 动词原形动词原形1、混合虚拟条件句中，主句与从句时间上不一致，从句可以与过去时间相反，主句可以与现在事实相反。如：If I had watched carefully enough，I should do the experiment successfully. 如果我观察得足够仔细，实验会顺利进行。2、without，with，but for，otherwise，but等介词短语可构成含蓄条件句。如：Without water，the
3、re would be no life. 没有水就没有生命。3、if引导的虚拟条件句的谓语动词中含有had，should，were时，可将if省略，而将had，should，were置于句首，采用倒装语序，而句意不变。复习虚拟语气时请注意以下几点复习虚拟语气时请注意以下几点二、虚拟语气在名词性从句中的应用二、虚拟语气在名词性从句中的应用时时 态态从句谓语动词形式从句谓语动词形式wishwish与现在事实相反与现在事实相反过去式（过去式（bebe一般用一般用werewere）与过去事实相反与过去事实相反Had + Had + 过去分词过去分词与将来事实相反与将来事实相反Should/would
4、+ Should/would + 动词原形动词原形1、用于宾语从句中（1）“wish + 宾语人句”意为“但愿”。从句谓语动词如下表：（2）suggest，insist，request，demand，order等表示坚持、命令、建议、要求等含义时，动词后面宾语从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即“should + 动词原形”（should可省略）。特例：这些动词的宾语从句是否使用虚拟语气，要看动词的词义、句子所表达意义而定。如果句子的意思说明事情尚未做或应该去做，从句才使用虚拟语气；如果说话人在陈述事实，就要根据实际情况使用恰当的时态：He insisted that the conference
5、should be put off till the next month.他坚持把会议推迟到下个月。He insisted that he had done nothing wrong. 他坚持说他没做错事。He suggested that Mr Smith be invited to the party. 他建议邀请史密斯先生到会。His pale look suggested that he was in poor health. 苍白的面色表明他身体状况不佳。注意：上述动词的名词形式可带有表语从句、同位语从句，从句中的谓语动词也用“should + 动词原形”（should可省略）。
6、如：My suggestion is that we try the experiment another way. 我的建议是我们用另一种方式做实验。三、虚拟语气在其他句型中的运用三、虚拟语气在其他句型中的运用2、用于主语从句，从句的谓语动词为“（should） + 动词原形”，should可省略。主要句型有：It is necessary/important/strange/natural等 + that从句It is a pity/a shame/no wonder + that从句It is requested that all the books be delivered to ea
7、ch school as soon as possible. 要求把书尽快送到每个学校。1、用于as if，as though，even if引导的表 语从句或状语从句中，从句谓语动词形式相同于wish后的宾语从句谓语动词形式。2、用于Its（high）time that句型，谓语动词为过去式。3、用于would，rather后的从句中，谓语动词形式分别为：had + 过去分词（表示过去的动作）或过去式（表示现在或将来的动作）。4、用于目的状语从句中，由 so that，in order that连接。从句谓语动词形式为“may/might/can/could + 动词原形”。练习题练习题1
8、11 1、Look at the trouble I am in! If only I _ your advice.Look at the trouble I am in! If only I _ your advice.A followed B would follow A followed B would follow C had followed D should followC had followed D should follow2 2、It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today It is hard for m
9、e to imagine what I would be doing today if I _ in love if I _ in love ，at the age of sevenat the age of seven，with the with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.A wouldnt have fallen B had not fallenA wouldnt have fallen B had not fallenC should fall D were to f
10、allC should fall D were to fall3 3、_ be sent to work there?_ be sent to work there?A Who do you suggestA Who do you suggestB Who you suggest that shouldB Who you suggest that shouldC Do you suggest who shouldC Do you suggest who shouldD Do you suggest whom shouldD Do you suggest whom should4 4、How I
11、 wish every family _ a large house with a How I wish every family _ a large house with a beautiful garden!beautiful garden!A has B had C will have D had hadA has B had C will have D had had5 5、He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ballHe hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball，otherwis
12、e he _ a goal.otherwise he _ a goal.A had scored B scoredA had scored B scoredC would score D would have scoredC would score D would have scored 6 6、What would have happened _ What would have happened _ ，as far as the river as far as the river bank?bank?A Bob had walked farther B if Bob should walk
13、fartherA Bob had walked farther B if Bob should walk fartherC had Bob walked farther D if Bob walked fartherC had Bob walked farther D if Bob walked farther1 1、解析：、解析：C C 本题考查本题考查if only if only 的用法，表示遗憾，意思是的用法，表示遗憾，意思是“ “要是要是多好！多好！” ”。复习时请参看复习时请参看希望英语希望英语第二册第第二册第3 3、4 4、5 5单元的第单元的第3232、4545、5858页。页
14、。2 2、解析：、解析：B B 本题考查条件句中虚拟语气的用法。根据句意本题考查条件句中虚拟语气的用法。根据句意和和I would be doingI would be doing可以判断这是虚拟语气。可以判断这是虚拟语气。at the at the age of seven age of seven 是表示过去的时间状语，是表示过去的时间状语，if if从句中的谓语从句中的谓语要用要用had not fallenhad not fallen，表示对过去情况的假设。表示对过去情况的假设。3 3、解析：、解析：A A 本题考查虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法。本题考查虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法。sug
15、gestsuggest（建议）后接宾语从句时，从句的谓语动词要建议）后接宾语从句时，从句的谓语动词要用用should do/be doneshould do/be done或或do/be donedo/be done。4 4、解析：、解析：B B 本题考查本题考查wishwish后宾语从句中虚拟语气的用法。后宾语从句中虚拟语气的用法。与现在事实相反，从句的谓语要用一般过去时。与现在事实相反，从句的谓语要用一般过去时。5 5、解析：、解析：D D 本题考查含蓄条件句中虚拟语气的用法。全本题考查含蓄条件句中虚拟语气的用法。全句意为句意为“ “在踢球前他犹豫了一会儿，否则他就会射中在踢球前他犹豫了一
16、会儿，否则他就会射中球门球门” ”。otherwiseotherwise与虚拟语气连用，表示过去发生的与虚拟语气连用，表示过去发生的事要用事要用would have scoredwould have scored。6 6、解析：、解析：C C 本题考查省略本题考查省略if if的倒装虚拟条件句。全句意为的倒装虚拟条件句。全句意为“ “如果鲍勃走得远一点，走到岸边，会发生什么事呢如果鲍勃走得远一点，走到岸边，会发生什么事呢？” ”根据主句的谓语动词根据主句的谓语动词would have happenedwould have happened，可可以断定要用虚拟语气；而当条件状语从句中以断定要用虚
17、拟语气；而当条件状语从句中if if省略时，省略时，要倒装。要倒装。1 1、If only my grandpa _ this together with us nowIf only my grandpa _ this together with us now！A had seen B could seeA had seen B could seeC must see D should seeC must see D should see2 2、If it _ for the snowIf it _ for the snow，we _ the mountain we _ the mountai
18、n yesterday.yesterday.A were notA were not；could have climbedcould have climbedB were notB were not；could climbcould climbC hadnt beenC hadnt been；could have climbedcould have climbedD hadnt beenD hadnt been；could climbcould climb3 3、Why didnt you buy the bookWhy didnt you buy the book？I _ but Mothe
19、r _ allow me.I _ but Mother _ allow me.A wouldA would；didnt B would havedidnt B would have；didntdidntC had hadC had had；wouldnt D had boughtwouldnt D had bought；hadnthadnt4 4、_ _ I would go there myself.I would go there myself.A Were I you B I were youA Were I you B I were youC If I had been you D H
20、ad I been youC If I had been you D Had I been you5 5、I didnt know his telephone numberI didnt know his telephone number，otherwise I _ otherwise I _ him.him.A had telephoned B would telephoneA had telephoned B would telephoneC would have telephoned D telephoneC would have telephoned D telephone6 6、Wi
21、lliam Tell was a brave man.William Tell was a brave man.YesYes，I wish I _ his courage.I wish I _ his courage.A have B will have C had D would haveA have B will have C had D would have7 7、His smiling face suggested that he _ really satisfied His smiling face suggested that he _ really satisfied with
22、all this.with all this.A had been B was C be D should beA had been B was C be D should be8 8、Mr. Smith insisted that he _ the work all by himselfMr. Smith insisted that he _ the work all by himself，but nobody believed him.but nobody believed him.A had done B have doneA had done B have doneC did D so
23、C did D so1 1、B If onlyB If only表示表示“ “要是要是就好了、但愿就好了、但愿”，常接虚，常接虚拟语气的句子。本句说的是现在的情况，用了情态动拟语气的句子。本句说的是现在的情况，用了情态动词的过去时加动词原形。词的过去时加动词原形。A A项时态不对；项时态不对；C C、D D两项不两项不合题意。合题意。2 2、C C 本题考查条件句中虚拟语气的用法。本题考查条件句中虚拟语气的用法。YesterdayYesterday是表是表示过去的时间状语，示过去的时间状语，if if从句中的谓语要用从句中的谓语要用hadnt beenhadnt been，主句中的谓语要用主句
24、中的谓语要用could have climbedcould have climbed。3 3、B B 答句中为对过去虚拟的主句，表示答句中为对过去虚拟的主句，表示“ “本来会买的本来会买的” ”，butbut后面是过去的事，暗指虚拟条件句后面是过去的事，暗指虚拟条件句if mother had if mother had allowed meallowed me。4 4、A A 本题为对现在情况的虚拟条件句，有时条件句的本题为对现在情况的虚拟条件句，有时条件句的if if可可以去掉，改为倒装形式。若选用以去掉，改为倒装形式。若选用B B，条件句缺连词；选条件句缺连词；选C C、D D两项是对过
25、去情况的虚拟条件，与本题不符。两项是对过去情况的虚拟条件，与本题不符。5 5、C C 这是个暗示条件的对过去情况虚拟的句子，前句暗示这是个暗示条件的对过去情况虚拟的句子，前句暗示if I had known his telephone numberif I had known his telephone number，后面主句是后面主句是“ “would + would + 完成时完成时” ”。A A、B B、D D三项都不符合题目要求。三项都不符合题目要求。6 6、C wishC wish后面的宾语从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气。此时宾语从后面的宾语从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气。此时宾语从句中的谓语动
26、词可有三种形式：句中的谓语动词可有三种形式：（1 1）表示过去没有能实现的愿望，用）表示过去没有能实现的愿望，用“ “had + V-ed”had + V-ed”形式，形式，如：如：I wish I had seen you yesterdayI wish I had seen you yesterday（but in fact I but in fact I didntdidnt）（2 2）表示现在不能实现的愿望，用表示现在不能实现的愿望，用“ “动词过去式动词过去式” ”，如本，如本题考查的正是这一点，即题考查的正是这一点，即“ “我要是有他那种勇气就好了我要是有他那种勇气就好了（即我现在
27、不能和他一样）（即我现在不能和他一样）” ”（3 3）表示对将来的愿望，用）表示对将来的愿望，用“ “would/should + would/should + 动词原形动词原形” ”。注意的是，宾语从句中用何种谓语形式，应由宾语从句所注意的是，宾语从句中用何种谓语形式，应由宾语从句所表示的时间来决定，而不能由表示的时间来决定，而不能由wishwish的时态形式来决定。的时态形式来决定。7 7、B B 本题中本题中suggestsuggest意为意为“ “说明，暗示说明，暗示” ”，其宾语从句按，其宾语从句按正常情况处理，故不选正常情况处理，故不选C C；A A项时态不符合题意。项时态不符合题
28、意。8 8、A A 当当insistinsist的意思有的意思有“ “硬说一件事实硬说一件事实” ”，后面的宾语从句，后面的宾语从句不用虚拟语气，用符合实际情况的时态。不用虚拟语气，用符合实际情况的时态。B B、C C、D D三三项的时态不对。项的时态不对。练习题练习题1 19 9、 Did you go with themDid you go with them？No, I was very busy, but I would have gone if I _ No, I was very busy, but I would have gone if I _ . .A had been B
29、hadntA had been B hadntC wasnt D wasC wasnt D was1010、The officer ordered that the damaged bridge _ The officer ordered that the damaged bridge _ before dawn.before dawn.A must be repaired B would be repairedA must be repaired B would be repairedC be repaired D should have been repairedC be repaired
30、 D should have been repaired1111、What would you do if you _ to meet with bad What would you do if you _ to meet with bad weatherweather？A were B are going C have D areA were B are going C have D are1212、If there is no homework to doIf there is no homework to do，we should have _.we should have _.A mu
31、ch happier timeA much happier timeB a much happier timeB a much happier timeC a more happier timeC a more happier timeD much happy timeD much happy time1313、His new job required that he _ at the office before His new job required that he _ at the office before 7:00.7:00.A be B was C is D would beA b
32、e B was C is D would be1414、Have you visited the science MuseumHave you visited the science Museum？NoNo，but I really wish I _.but I really wish I _.A had B did C have D willA had B did C have D will1515、Its high time that we _.Its high time that we _.A start B started C starts D have startedA start
33、B started C starts D have started9 9、 B B 与过去事实相反，从句谓语动词用与过去事实相反，从句谓语动词用had donehad done。1010、C C 本题考查虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法。本题考查虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法。orderorder（命命令）后接宾语从句时，从句的谓语动词要用令）后接宾语从句时，从句的谓语动词要用should should do/be donedo/be done或或do/be donedo/be done。1111、A A 这是一个对将来情况进行虚拟假设的主从句。这是一个对将来情况进行虚拟假设的主从句。B B、C C、D
34、 D三项与句子的上下文意义不通。三项与句子的上下文意义不通。1212、B B 本题为对现在情况的虚拟语气，本题为对现在情况的虚拟语气，shouldshould在第一人称在第一人称情况下和情况下和wouldwould同义。同义。A A项没有冠词；项没有冠词；C C项犯项犯“ “双重比双重比较较” ”的错误；的错误；D D项中，项中，muchmuch不修饰不修饰happyhappy的原级。的原级。1313、A A 动词动词requiredrequired后面的宾语从句谓语为后面的宾语从句谓语为shouldshould加动词原加动词原形，或省去形，或省去shouldshould的动词原形。的动词原形。B B、C C、D D三项均不符合三项均不符合要求。要求。1414、A A 本题考查本题考查wishwish后宾语从句中虚拟语气的用法。与过后宾语从句中虚拟语气的用法。与过去事实相反，从句的谓语要用过去完成时。去事实相反，从句的谓语要用过去完成时。1515、B B 在在“ “Its high time that”Its high time that”句型中，句型中，thatthat从句的谓从句的谓语用虚拟语气形式语用虚拟语气形式行为动词的一般过去式，行为动词的一般过去式，bebe动动词用词用werewere。
