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1、主旨大意题是阅读理解中学生失分最多的题目，因为该类题目不仅考查略读文章、领会大意的能力，也对归纳概括能力提出了较高的要求。该类题目在文章中没有明显的解题依据，需要从文章中提炼、抽取一些关键词、主干句进行加工概括，才能归纳出文章的主旨。一、了解题型特点与设问方式 命题解读1i . 主旨大意题考查的是对文章内容的深层次理解， 它要求在充分理解全文的前提下， 对整篇文章的主旨大意有一个较为清晰的印象。主旨大意题分为标题归纳类和文章大意类。2 . 标题归纳类要求学生选出文章的最佳标题，文章大意类( 内容) 考查文章或段落的主旨大意。 题型特点1 . 把握主旨大意题常见的设问方式。The best ti
2、tle for the passage is,Which of the following is the best title for the passage?The passage is mainly about .What is the text mainly about?The main idea of the second paragraph probably is.What is the first paragraph mainly about?2 . 掌握主旨大意题的考查角度。(1)高频考点：标题归纳题、文章大意题。(2)低频考点：段落大意题。二、掌握主旨大意题的解题捷径熟知主旨大
3、意题的解题捷径题型特点解题捷径一明了主旨大意题的正确选项和干扰选项的特征主题类( 内容)考查文章或段落的主旨大意找主题句四窍门：段落中出现表示转折的词语( 如howevers but in fact actually 等) 时,该句很可能是主题句。首段出现疑问句时，对该问题的回答很可能就是文章主旨。作者有意识地重复的观点，通常是主旨；反复出现的词语，一般为体现文章主旨的关键词。表示总结或结论的句子常包含therefore、thus、in short、concludesconclusion 等词标题类要求选出文章的最佳标题文章标题三特点：形式一般为单词、短语或句子，短语居多。短小精悍，精确性强。
4、涵盖性强，能覆盖全文大意正确选项特征干扰选项特征1 . 涵盖性强， 覆盖全文或全段2 . 确定的范围恰当，既不太大，也不太小3 . 精确性强， 不会改变语言表意的程度及色彩过于笼统，不知所云所给选项内容概括的范围过大，超出文章所述内容以偏概全，主次不分所给选项只阐述了文章的一部分内容，或以文章中的细节信息或个别词作为选项的设置破解主旨大意题的三大类型内容，或以次要的事实或细节充当全文的主要观点移花接木，偷换概念所给选项，命题者有意识地把本属于A 的内容放在B 上，若不留神，极易选错答案无中生有，生搬硬套所给选项的关键词虽然在文章中谈到了，但经过仔细阅读分析，会发现选项的内容与文章的内容毫无联系
5、类 型 1标题归纳题 标题归纳题要求在理解文章的基础上，结合文章的体裁和结构，从所给选项中选出适合文章的标题。注意最佳标题的特点：精准性强( 不改变原文的意义和感情色彩) ,覆盖性强( 能概括全文并体现文章的主旨)理解标题的3 大特点巧用三大方法确定文章标题, 、 准确而乂简短 概 触_ . . 外延正好与文章内容相符好标题的( 针对性) / 二大 点, 、 能引发读者的阅读欲望1醒目性1(1)正面肯定法：在理解文章主旨的基础上揣摩哪个选项能准确概括主旨。(2)反面否定法：撇开原文，拿各个备选项去设想如果它们作标题写出来的文章将是什么内容，然后和原文对照，一一排除不符选项。(3)研读备选项本身
6、：研读备选项里面的中心词、修饰词的变化、结构、概括性等 典例 （ 2022全国乙卷）Can a small group of drones（ 无人机） guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at thesame time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year? That is the very likely future ofapplying todays eyes in the skytechnology to making sure that t
7、he millions of kilometres of railtracks and infrastructure（ 基石出设施） worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis.Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines.They could do precisely thesame thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such a
8、s the correctposition of railway tracks and switching points.The more regularly they can be inspected, the morerailway safety, reliability and on-time performance will be improved.Costs would be cut andoperations would be more efficient（ 高效） across the board.That includes huge savings in mainlenance
9、 costs and better protection of railway personnel safety.ltis calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year onmaintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the railinfrastructure.That can be dangerous work that could be
10、avoided with drones assisting the crewsefforts.By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services forrailways, detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems.Toperform these tasks, drones for rail dont need to be flying over
11、head.Engineers are now working ona new concept: the rail drones of the future.They will be moving on the track ahead of the train, andprogrammed to run autonomously. Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travellingahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot.With their ability to s
12、ee ahead, they could signal anyproblem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.31. Which is the most suitable title for the text?A. What Faults Can Be Detected with Drones B. How Production of Drones Can BeExpandedC. What Difficulty Drone Development Will Face D. How Drones Will C
13、hange the Future ofRailways1解题示范第一步：读文章，理清结构| Part 1 present a problem |Can a small group of drones（ 无人机） guarantee the safety and reliability of railwaysand, at the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year?| Part 2 Solve the problem That includes huge savings in maintenanc
14、e costs and better protection ofrailway personnel safety Part 3 Evaluate the program|By using the latest technologies, dronescould also start providing higher-value services fbr railways, detecting faults in the rail orswitches, before they can cause any safety problems.第二步：析选项，斟酌判断无人机可以检测到哪些故障提到检测到
15、故障，但文中说在“ 轨道或开关出壬见任何安全问题之前”如何扩大无人机生产类 型2文 章 大 意 题 文章大意是作者在文章中所要表达的主要内容，是全文的核心思想，也是作者在文章中通过行文逻辑和各种细节来阐明的中心话题。应掌握寻找文章主题的三个小窍门，快速确定文章大意文中并未提到扩大无人机生产无人机发展将面临什么困难文中并未提到无人机发展的困难机在铁路保证铁路无人机将如何改变铁路的未来领域的应用的介绍以及对未来无人机的发展展当的安全性和可靠性，或许会成为铁路安全的新5炼地概括了文章内容1可知，在未来，无人三来。此标题全面、精第三步：对比选项得出答案 答案D主题句法解答文章大意题，找准下面介绍两种快
16、速书(1)根据文体和写作三: 文章的主题句是关键。金出主题句的方法。户法来定位主题句：主题句是文章首句G) 新闻报道类文章首句是主题句首句语言精炼，中间段多角度说明论证，且与尾段句子相呼应，则首句是文章主题句主题句在文末夹叙夹议类文章，文末的议论部分隐含主题专主题句在段中错误! 错误! 错误！(2)根据行文标志来定位主题句：wever、in fact、actually等 ，其后的内容往往是，点乍者真正想要表达的观ore、thus in short、conclude 等，其后的内容在: 往是文章的主题句岸首段出现疑问句时，对该问题的回答可能是文 章的主题句高频词法若全文无明显主题句，我们可以利用
17、文章中的高频词找出文章的主题句。任何一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开的，因此，有的文章最明显的特点之一是文中有一个反复出现的中心词，即高频词，也叫做主题词。抓住它，便容易抓住文章的中心逆向思维法在两个选项看上去都十分正确且无法选择时，试着从选项出发，想象一下如果自己以此选项来写文章会有哪些内容，然后把它与文章的内容相比较，接近的即为正确选项 典例 （ 2021全国甲卷）When I was 9, we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived at Heathrow, London on a grayJanuary morning.Everyone
18、 in the family settled quickly into the city except me.Without mybeloved beaches and endless blue-sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place.Until I made adiscovery.Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where thecontinuous crashing of skateboards left
19、your head ringing.I loved it.I soon made friends with thelocal skaters.We spoke our own language.And my favorite: Safe.Safe meant cool.It meant hello.ltmeant dont worry about it.Once, when trying a certain trick on the beam （ 横杆） ，I fell onto thestones, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Toby came ove
20、r, helping me up： Safe, man.Safe.A fewminutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards loud, shouting: Safe! Safe!Safe! And thats what mattered landing tricks, being a good skater.When I was 15, my family moved to Washington.! tried skateboarding there, but the locals were farles
21、s welcoming.Within a couple of years, I*d given it up.When I returned to London in 2004, I found myself wandering down to Southbank, spending hoursthere.Fve traveled back several times since, most recently this past spring.The day was cold butclear； tourists and Londoners stopped to watch the skater
22、s.Weaving（ 穿梭） among the kids whorushed by on their boards, I found my way to the beam.Then a rail-thin teenager, in a baggy whiteT-shirt, skidded（ 滑） up to the beam.He sat next to me.He seemed not to notice the man next tohim.But soon I caught a few of his glances. I was a local here 20 years ago,
23、“ I told him.Then,slowly, he began to nod his head. Safe, man.Safe.n“Yeah, w I said.uSafe7,31 .What message does the author seem to convey in the text?A.Children should learn a second language. B. Sport is necessary for childrens health.C.Children need a sense of belonging. D. Seeing the world is a
24、must for children.续上表 解题示范第一步：读文章，概括文意eq x（ Part 1Paragraph 1 ： When I was 9, we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived at Heathrow,London on a gray January morning.Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city exceptme.| Part 2Tell thedevelopmentof he story Paragraph 2： I soon made fr
25、iends with the localskaters.We spoke our own language.And my favorite： Safe.Safe meant cool.It meant hello.ltmeant dont worry about it.| Part 3Tell the endof the story|Paragraph 3： When I was 15, my familymoved to Washington.Paragraph 4： But soon I caught a few of his glances. I was a local here 20y
26、ears ago, “ I told him.Then, slowly, he began to nod his head. Safe,man.Safe. Paragraph 5 ： “Yeah, I said. “Sa 电第二步：析选项，斟酌判断A儿童应当学习第二外语。文中没有这种说法无中生有，生搬硬套B体育运动对儿童健康是非常必要的。文中虽提到了滑板运动，但并未涉及滑板运动对健康的作用无中生有，曲解文意C儿童需要归属感。涵盖性强，覆盖全文类 型 3段 落 大 意 题 段落大意题主要考查段落的主要意思，是对某个段落基本内容的简缩和概括。概括、总结、归纳段落大意就是用准确的、简练的语言把一个段
27、落的主要意思明确而完整地表达出来文章描述了作者通过滑板运动融入新生活、结交当地人的经历，表达了归属感、 集体感对于儿童的必要性，因此该选项符合文章主旨D看世界对于儿童来说是件必要的事情。文中没有这种说法无中生有，生搬硬套第三步：对比选项得出答案 答案 C续上表定位段落主题句，首尾兼顾定段意常用的写作架构每一文段都要围绕一个特定的主题，按照一定的逻辑顺序展开，所以段落的结构也有一定的规律性。做题时要特别注意“ 首尾兼顾”，即问题所涉及段落的首句和尾句。一是因为它们往往体现主旨要义，二是因为利用这些信息可以迅速提炼段落结构框架，在框架下判断主旨，其准确性更高总 分 式 （ 总分/ 总分总）段落首句
28、为主题句，段落其他各句是例子或由分总式错误! 错误! 段落开头列举具体事例，通过事例得出结论，这个结论就是段落主题句，后面的内容只是继续或拓展该结论无主题句式错误！ 典例（ 2021全国乙卷）When almost everyone has a mobile phone, whyare more than half of Australian homes stillpaying for a landline （ 座机）？These days youd be hard pressed to find anyone 解题示范第一步：首尾兼顾定段意根据第二段中的 uThese days youd b
29、e hardpressed to find anyone in Australia over the ageof 15 who doesnt own a mobile phone, ,以及in Australia over the age of 15 who doesnt owna mobile phone.In fact plenty of younger kidshave one in their pocket.Practically everyonecan make and receive calls anywhere, anytime.24.What does paragraph 2
30、mainly tell us aboutmobile phones?A.Their target users.B.Their wide popularity.C.Their major functions.D.Their complex design.“Practically everyone can make and receivecalls anywhere, anytime 可知，移动电话在澳大利亚几乎随处可见，即本段主要谈及移动电话在澳大利亚的普及程度。第二步：析选项，斟酌判断到了年轻它们的目标用户。人, 但他们并不是用于介绍移动电话的目标用户以偏概全，曲解文意旨就是举它们广泛的普及度
31、。例说明手机在澳大利亚非常普遍, 该项是对本段内容的精炼总结和概括涵盖性强，覆盖全段它们的主要功能。原文未提及相关内容无中生有，生搬硬套它们复杂的设计。原文未提及相关内容无中生有，生搬硬套第三步：对比选项得出答案 答案 B课堂新体验. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4A（ 2022长沙新高考适应性考试）More than 45, 000 years ago, by the shore of present-dayTasmania, a local person picked up a large piece of thick, dark brown seaweed.And
32、 he realized that thisgiant piece of seaweed could be used to make a watertight bag.And 45, 000 years later in mainlandAustralia, people are again turning to seaweed to solve pressing problems.Today, it is used to address theworlds climate crisis.Winberg, a marine ecologist at the University of Woll
33、ongong, has spent decades studyingseaweed.She believes seaweeds fast growth rate and ability to absorb vast amounts of carbon dioxidecan help fight climate change, deacidify the ocean, and change the way we farm, not only in the oceanbut also on land.“If we used the infrastructure we have in the oce
34、an and created seaweed islands, we wouldactually get rid of many climate change issues we have today, “ says Winberg.Realizing seaweedspotential as a climate solution, Winberg opened Australias first land-based, commercial seaweed farm in2013.On her farm in New South Wales, Winberg produces seaweed
35、extracts （ 提取物）that are used infood, cosmetics and medicines.Like plants on land, seaweed absorbs CO2 and grows biomass （ 生物量）.Coastal marine systemscan absorb carbon at rates up to 50 times greater than forests on land, according to Emily Pidgeon,senior director of strategic marine initiatives at C
36、onservation International.Globally, seaweed is thoughtto absorb nearly 200 million tons of CO2 every year- as much as New York States annualemissions.And when seaweed dies, much of the carbon locked up in its tissues is transported to the deepocean.By raising pH levels in the ocean, seaweed also imp
37、roves growing conditions for shellfish such asoysters and mussels, whose shells become more fragile （ 脆弱的）in acidic environments.The potential for seaweed cultivation doesnt stop in the ocean.Winberg has found there are benefitsof doing it on land too.She believes that seaweed farming offers “huge p
38、otentialto not only addressthe climate crisis, but also feed a growing population in a sustainable way.According to Winberg, onehectare （ 公顷）of a seaweed farm can produce more protein than the same amount of land used forcattle. u Were sitting on undiscovered, renewable, sustainable resources, “ she
39、 says.【 语篇解读】45000多年前，人类发现海藻可以用来做防水袋。现在人们可以用海藻来解决世界上的气候问题。1 .What is mainly introduced about seaweed in Paragraph 1 ?A.Its use. B.Its history.C.Its origin. D.Its appearance.解析：细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，45000多年前，人类发现了海藻可以用来做防水袋。45 000年后它被用来解决“pressing problems，如今它被用来解决世界上的气候危机。故可知该段主要介绍了海藻的用途。故 A 项正确。答案：A2 .Wh
40、y is seaweed spoken highly of according to the text?A.It lowers the ocean temperature directly.B.It contributes to shellfishs growing speed.C.It produces the same amount of protein as cattle.D.It grows fast and can absorb carbon at a high rate.解析：推理判断题。由第二段中的aShe believes.on land可知海藻生长速度快，能吸收大量二氧化碳；
41、根据第四段内容可知，沿海海洋系统吸收碳的速度高达陆地森林的50倍。由此可推知，海藻生长迅速，并且能以很高的速度吸收碳。故D项正确。答案：D3 .What is Winbergs attitude towards seaweed?A.Unclear. B.Favorable.C.Critical. D.Doubtful.解 析 ：推理判断题。根 据 第 二 段 中 的She believes.but also on land” ,第 三 段 中 的“If weused.says WinbergJ ,和第六段中的 uShe believes.a sustainable wayn 可知，Winber
42、g 对海藻持支持态度。答案：B4 . What is the best title for the text?A.CO?, a Killer of Climate ChangeB.Pollution, the Worlds Climate CrisisC.Seaweed, a Potential Climate SolutionD.Infrastructure, a Way of Eliminating Climate Issues解析： 主旨大意题。 根据全文内容， 尤其是第一段的最后一句Today, it is used to address the worldsclimate crisi
43、s可知， 现在人们可以用海藻来解决世界上面临的气候问题。由此可知，C项 “ 海藻，一种潜在的气候解决方案”适合作文章标题。答案：CBIf the three Rs (reduce, reuse and recycle) is a guideline to save the planet, garbage-sorting is wherethe efforts start.Since May 1, Beijing has started to carry out mandatory garbage-sorting in new efforts tobetter protect the envir
44、onment.Under the new regulation, residents are required to classify householdwaste into four categories： kitchen, recyclable, hazardous and other waste.People who fail to sort theirgarbage properly can be fined from 50 to 200 yuan, reported Xinhua.Some residential communities in Beijing have introdu
45、ced rewards to encourage residents to sorttheir garbage.According to Xinhua, residents can earn points by classifying their domestic wastecorrectly and then exchange the points they accumulated for daily necessities such as soap.Garbage-sorting practices have reached over 70 percent of housing estat
46、es in 18 cities, includingShanghai , Xiamen and Hangzhou, according to the Ministry of Housing and Urban-RuralDevelopment.Shanghai first enacted a mandatory garbage-sorting regulation in July 2019 and has had a90 percent compliance （ 月 艮 从 ）rate among its housing estates.According to a report by the
47、 Ministry of Ecology and Environment, over 90 percent of the publicbelieve that garbage-sorting is important for the protection of the environment.However, garbage-sortingis still a big problem in China.Only 30 percent of participants said they think they are completely sortingtheir waste, the repor
48、t noted.According to Xinhua, it*s partly because many people lack the willingnessto sort their own waste.Also, some previous garbage regulations didnl include fines for people whofailed to obey them.“Its a must to have a legal guarantee to promote garbage-sorting, “ Liu Jianguo, a professor fromTsin
49、ghua University, told China Daily. u Aside from China, many countries like Germany, Spain andBritain, also ask people to sort waste into specific categories.In Japan, there is a fixed time for thesorting of each kind of garbage and littering.v【 语篇解读】 本文是一篇新闻报道。 自5 月 1 日起，北京开始实施强制垃圾分类，以更好地保护环境。文章介绍了这
50、一政策的相关规定，说明了如今中国垃圾分类的现状和存在的一些问题，以及其他人对于中国垃圾分类的一些看法。5 .What can we learn about the new regulation in Beijing?A.It hasnt been put into use yet.B.Residents can sort the garbage as they like.C.People can get money if they classify their domestic waste con ectly.D.Those who cant sort the garbage as the n
51、ew rule requires shall be fined.解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段中的 People who fail to sort their garbage properly can be fined from50 to 200yuan, reported X in h u a.可知，据新华社报道，没有对垃圾进行分类的人将被处以5 0 元到 200元的罚款。答案：D6 .Whats the problem in garbage-sorting in China?A.Most people are unaware of its importance in protecting
52、environment.B .Some people dont want to take the trouble to sort the garbage.C.Only residents in big cities can sort the trash correctly.D.The government doesnt have enough money to support garbage sorting.解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知，90%的人意识到垃圾分类的重要性，但 只 有30%的受访者表示，他们认为自己已经完全对垃圾进行了分类，部分原因是许多人不愿意对自己的垃圾进行分类。选B
53、。答案：B7 .What can we infer from Liu Jianguos words?A.Its difficult to carry out garbage-sorting in China.B.Some laws in garbage-sorting are needed.C.People in developed countries can better sort the garbage.D.We should learn from Japan.解 析 ：推 理 判 断 题 。 根据最后一段中的 u Its a must to have a legal guarantee
54、to promotegarbage-sorting可知，清华大学教授刘建国在接受 中国日报采访时表示“ 推广垃圾分类必须要有法律保障”。由此可推知，刘建国认为需要制定一些垃圾分类的法律。答案：B8 .Whats the best title of the passage?A.Garbage-sorting, a New Start in ChinaB.New Regulations in BeijingC.Argument on Garbage-sortingD.How to Sort Domestic Garbage解析：主旨大意题。文章的第一段提到， 自5月1日起，北京开始实施强制垃圾分类
55、，以更好地保护环境。根据新规定，居民需要将生活垃圾分为四类：厨房垃圾、可回收垃圾、有害垃圾和其他垃圾。据新华社报道，没有对垃圾进行分类的人将被处以50元到200元的罚款。由此可知，A项 “ 垃圾分类，中国的新起点”最适合作文章标题。答 案 :A专 题 强 化 练 （ 七 ）主旨大意题标题归纳类A2022广州普通高中毕业班综合测试（ 一）Several years ago, Jason Box, a scientist from Ohio,flew 31 giant rolls of white plastic to a glacier （ 冰川） in Greenland.He and his
56、 team spread themacross 10,000 feet of ice, and then left.His idea was that the white blanket would reflect back the rays ofthe sun, keeping the ice below cool.When he came back to check the results, he found it worked.Theexposed ice had melted faster than the covered ice.He had not only saved two f
57、eet of the glacier in ashort time.No coal plants were shut down, no jobs were lost, and nobody was taxed or fired.lt was justthe sort of fix were looking for.“Thank you, but no thank you, “ said Ralph King, a climate scientist.He told Grey Childs, authorand commentator, that upeople think technology
58、 can save the planet, but there are other things we needto deal with, like consumption.They burned $50, 000 just for the helicopter to bring the plastic to theglacier.This experiment, gives people false hope that climate change can be fixed without changinghuman behaviour.lt cant.Technology wont giv
59、e us a free ride.Individuals respond to climate change differently.Climatologist Kelly Smith is hardly alone in herprediction that someday soon we wont be climate victimswe will be climate choosers.More scientistsagree with her that if the human race survives, the engineers will get smarter, the too
60、ls will get better,and one day we will control the climate.But what then? ”Just the mention of us controlling the climatesent a small shiver down my back, “ Grey writes. uSomething sounded wrong about stopping ice agesby our own will, “ he says.Me? I like it better when the earth takes care of itsel
61、f.I guess one day we will have to run theplace, but for the moment, sitting at my desk, looking out at the trees bending wildly and the windhowling, Im happy not to be in charge.【 语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。以一个付出巨大代价保护冰川的实例告诉人们，看起来气候变化可以在不改变人类行为的情况下得到解决。但不同的人对此有不同的看法，比如有人认为科技不能帮助人类在不改变自身行为的前提下修正气候变化；有人对人类控制气候的说法
62、感到一丝恐惧等。1 .Why does the author mention Jason Boxs experiment in the first paragraph?A .To introduce a possible solution to climate change.B.To describe a misleading attempt to fix the climate.C.To report on a successful experiment on saving the glacier.D.To arouse peoples attention to the problem of
63、 global warming.解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段中的This experiment.give us a free rideJ ,可知，作者认为这个实验会给人们一种错误的希望，但其实气候变化在不改变人类行为的情况下不能得到修正。由此可知，作者在第一段提到Jason Box的实验是为了描述一次具有误导性的修正气候的尝试。答案：B2 .Which statement would Ralph King most probably agree with?A.The fight against climate change will not succeed.B.Technology is n
64、ot the final solution, let alone its high cost.C.It*s best to deal with climate change without changing our behaviour.D.Jasons experiment plays a significant role in fixing climate change.解析：推理判断题。根据第二段Ralph King所说的话可推知，Ralph King认为用科技解决气候问题花费高，且科技不是最终解决方案。答案：B3 .What is Grey Childs1 attitude to hum
65、ans controlling the climate?A.Favourable. B .Tolerant.C.Doubtful. D.Unclear.解析：观点态度题。根据第三段中的 “Just the mention.back, “Something sounded.by our ownwill”可知，GreyChilds认为人类控制气候听起来就有点让人害怕，故Grey Childs对此持怀疑态度。答案：C4 . Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?A.But should we fix the climate?B
66、.Is climate change a real problem?C.How can we take care of the earth?D.What if all the glaciers disappeared?解析：主旨大意题。第一段作者介绍了 Jason Box拯救冰川的实验；第二段作者认为此次实验传递给人们错误的希望，并认为在不改变人类行为的情况下科技不能修正气候变化；第三段作者介绍了不同人对人类控制气候的看法；第四段作者认为地球有自己的规律，我们应顺其自然。故本文可用A项 （ 但是我们应该修正气候吗？）作标题。较案AB（ 2022武汉武昌区高三质检）Do you want to
67、level up your mask-wearing while also looking likeyoure about to battle with Batman? This is life-wearing Razer Zephyr, a wearable air purifier.A versionof Razers latest appliance made waves in January during the Consumer Electronics Show.Its no surprise that tech companies are considering a leap be
68、yond cloth and surgical masks thathave come to define the COVID-19 pandemic.lt has a hard shell with two belts to fit onto yourhead.There are two air exchange chambers （ 腔 ）on the front, featuring double circulating fans to helpcirculate cool air.The chambers feature N5 filters （ 过滤器）providing two-w
69、ay protection for you andthose around you.Its also transparent （ 透明的）with inside lights and an anti-fog coating to help solveone of the key issues with mask-wearing： watching mouths move when you speak.Good as the mask appears, will it protect you from COVID-19? According to Razer, the mask isregist
70、ered with the Food and Drug Administration and lab tested for 99% BFE, or Bacterial FiltrationEfficiency, a measure of how well it filters out bacteria. It is not tested specifically against theCOVID-19 virus, but offers the same functionality and adequate protection due to its 99% BFErating, “ Raze
71、rs website says.Theres also the financial cost to consider.The mask itself is $99, and Razer sells a pack of 10 setsof N95 filters for $30.By comparison, a quick search for Surgical masks on a shopping website turnedup a box of 50 masks for between $11-$14. Ive tried out the $99 Zephyr for roughly a
72、 week now.Wearing the Zephyr feels comfortable.Theadjustable head straps （ 带）allow for the ideal fit.Above all, it feels breathable thanks to the aircirculating through its fans, “ one commented on the shopping website .【 语篇解读】本文是说明文。主要介绍了一款可穿戴空气净化器，这种设备可以有效预防新型冠状病毒。文章具体介绍了这种设备的工作原理、使用感受等。5 .Why is
73、the Zephyr made transparent?A.To fix lights inside.B.To circulate cool air.C.To test the anti-fbg coating.D.To expose mouth movement.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段尾句Its also transparent （ 透明的）with.when you s p e a k 可知，该设备被制成透明的是为了在说话时人们可以观察到嘴巴的活动。答案：D6 .What can be infened from the third paragraph about the Zephyr
74、?A.Its officially approved.B.It*s highly rated by consumers.C.Its specially designed against COVID-19.D.Its adequately protective against all viruses.解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的第二句中的uAccording to Razer.Drug Administrationv可知，这款口罩已在美国食品药品监督管理局注册。据此可以推知，该设备已经通过官方批准。较案 A7 .What probably appeal （ s） to the buyer mo
75、st according to the comment?A.Its adjustable fans.B.Its air circulating system.C.Its comfortable head straps.D.Its high but reasonable price.解析：细节理解题。根据尾段中的uAbove all, .through its fans可知，该设备的空气循环系统是最吸引买家的地方。答案：B8. What is the best title for the passage?A.An Innovative Mask Makes a HitB.Surgical Mas
76、ks Are Being ImprovedC.Wearable Technology Changes Our LifeD.A New Treatment for COVID-19 Is on the Way解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章首段第一、二句为全文的主题句，又结合下文内容可知，本文主要介绍了研制成功的一款创新面具：可穿戴的空气净化器。故A项最适合作本文标题。较奈ACJose Hernandez made his dream of becoming an astronaut a reality and he did so despiteunbelievable difficulti
77、es.“I was working in a field near Stockton, and I heard on my radio that Franklin Chang-Diaz hadbeen selected for the Astronaut Corps, “ said Jose, who was a senior in high school at the time. I wasalready interested in science and engineering, “ Jose remembered. But that was the moment I said,I wan
78、t to fly in space. As one of four children in a migrant （ 移民）farming family from Mexico, Josewho didnt learnEnglish until he was 12 years oldspent much of his childhood traveling with his family from Mexicoto southern California each March, then working northward to the Stockton area by November, pi
79、ckingstrawberries and cucumbers at farms along the route.They would then return to Mexico for Christmasand start the cycle all over again in the spring. Some kids might think it would be fun to travel likethat, “ Jose laughed. u But we had to work.99After graduating from high school, Jose was admitt
80、ed into the University of the Pacific.In 1987,he accepted a full-time job with Lawrence National Laboratory.In 2001, Jose joined the Johnson SpaceCentre, where he came face-to-face with Franklin Chang-Diaz.“We actually had common experiencesa similar upbringing, the same language issues.That builtup
81、 my confidence.Any bairiers that existed, he had already overcome them, “ Jose smiled. Now itsmy turn! ”“NASA rejected me not once, not twice, not three times but 11 times.lt wasnt until the 12th timethat I got selected, “ he said.Jose was selected as part of the 19th class of astronauts in 2OO4.He
82、circledthe globe 217 times but remains a down to Earth guy.Jose Hernandez received the 2016 National Hispanic Hero Award and he continues his long historyin the field of engineering and space.【 语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了出身农民家庭的Jose在中学时期受FranklinChang-Diaz的事迹激励而梦想成为一名宇航员，他为此付出了极大的努力并最终取得了傲人的成绩，实现梦想的故事。9
83、.What made Jose determined to be an astronaut?A.The influence of Astronaut Corps.B.The success of Franklin Chang-Diaz.C.His interest in science and engineering.D.The experience of working in the field.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的 “and I heard on my radio that Franklin Chang-Diaz had beenselected for the Astrona
84、ut Corps” 和 “But that was the moment I said, I want to fly in space. 可知，当Jose通过收音机得知Franklin Chang-Diaz被选为宇航员的那一刻，早就对理工科感兴趣的他立志成为一名宇航员。答案：B10 .What can we learn about Jose as a child?A.He did much farm work.B.He traveled a lot for fun.C.He hated learning English.D.He obeyed his family in everything.
85、解析：细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，Jose来自墨西哥的移民农民家庭，他童年时做了大量的农活；且 在 12岁之前，他没有学过英语。答案：A11 .How did Jose feel when he met Franklin Chang-Diaz personally?A.Inspired. B.Valued.C.Relaxed. D.Puzzled.解析：推理判断题。根据第五段内容可知，当Jose见到Franklin Chang-Diaz本人时，他意识到他俩有很多共同经历，这包括他目前遇到的障碍，但对方都已经克服了这些障碍，这使得Jose充满信心。由此可推知，他很受鼓舞。答案：A12 .What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Climb over BarriersB.Reach for the StarsC.Work the Hard WayD.Learn from Your Past解析：标题归纳题。通读全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了出身农民家庭的Jose为了成为一名宇航员付出了极大的努力，最终实现梦想，飞上了太空的故事。B项 （ 有崇高的目标）能 括文章大意，适合作文章标题。答案：B
