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1、M7U1 Living wellGrammar(the infinitives)afford, agree, appear, arrange, ask, attempt, choose, claim, dare, decide, demand, deserve, determine, expect, fail, get, guarantee, hate, help, hope, hurry, intend, learn, long, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, seem, tend, threaten, wan
2、t, wish Which verbs can be normally followed by the infinitive? Remember! 动词不定式动词不定式(Infinitive) 由由 “ to + do ” 构成构成, 否定形式否定形式_ Functions of InfinitiveFunctions of Infinitive: : 主语、表语、宾语、宾补、定语、状语主语、表语、宾语、宾补、定语、状语not to do1. 不定式作主语不定式作主语 (subject) To finish this report took him a week. 眼见为实。眼见为实。 To
3、see is to believe. = Seeing is believing. Its impossible _ humans to fly like a bird now. Its polite _ you to greet everyone. 单个不定式作主语时，谓语动词用单个不定式作主语时，谓语动词用_。若不定式太长，通常将其放句后，而用若不定式太长，通常将其放句后，而用it作作_。forof单数单数形式主语形式主语2. 不定式作表语不定式作表语 (Predicative)What I would suggest is to put off the meeting.To see is
4、 to believe. = Seeing is believing. 主语为不定式，表语也需为主语为不定式，表语也需为_.我的工作是要帮助病人。我的工作是要帮助病人。My job is_.不定式常用在系动词不定式常用在系动词不定式常用在系动词不定式常用在系动词 be, seem, appear, get, remainbe, seem, appear, get, remain等后作表语等后作表语等后作表语等后作表语The only thing to do now is (to) go on.What Ill do is (to) tell her the truth. All he did
5、just now was (to) complete the form. P.S:当主语含有当主语含有_，作表语的不定式可省，作表语的不定式可省略略_.不定式不定式do 的某种形式的某种形式toto help the patients3. 不定式作宾语不定式作宾语 (Object) I decided to ask for my money back. It 作作_： 我觉得他不可能在这么短的时间内完成任务。我觉得他不可能在这么短的时间内完成任务。I feel it impossible for him_ in such a short time. + it + adj./ n.+(for s
6、b.)+ to do sth. 形式宾语形式宾语to finish the jobthink/consider/find/feel/believesuppose/ make 4. 不定式作宾补不定式作宾补 (Object Complement)1) 带带to的不定式作宾补的不定式作宾补 结构：结构：动词动词: allow, order, force, permit, tell, want, wish, forbid, advise, persuade, warn等后皆带等后皆带_作作宾补。宾补。2)不带不带to的不定式作宾补的不定式作宾补: He made a face and made us
7、 laugh. 类似用法的动词还有：类似用法的动词还有：使役动词使役动词make, have, let; 感官动词感官动词see, watch, observe, hear, listen to, notice被动语态被动语态He made a face and we _.were made to laugh若上述结构变为被动语态若上述结构变为被动语态, to要还原要还原。V.+sb.+to do 1. They saw the boy fall suddenly from the tree. The boy was seen to fall suddenly from the tree.2.
8、 Mother made John wash the car for a week. John was made to wash the car for a week.5. 不定式作定语不定式作定语 (Attribute)Could you lend me a pen _(write)?He is looking for a room _(live).Please pass me some paper _ (write). 若若to do与被修饰的词为与被修饰的词为_关系时，关系时， 不定式不定式后介词不可省。后介词不可省。to write withto live into write on动
9、宾动宾5. 不定式作定语不定式作定语 (Attribute) 1. Autumn is the best time to travel. 2. She is always the first to come and the last to leave.P.S：当名词被当名词被the first ,the last等序数词以等序数词以及及adj.最高级修饰时，通常用不定式作定语。最高级修饰时，通常用不定式作定语。something, anything, nothing, everything 等不定代词常用不定式做后置定语。等不定代词常用不定式做后置定语。 Do you have anythin
10、g _(send) ? I have nothing _(say) .to sendto say6. 不定式作状语不定式作状语 (Adverbial) 1) 目的目的状语状语 (to do, in order to, so as to do)I stayed there to seeto see what would happen. He spoke loudly in order toin order to be heard. 2) 结果结果状语状语 (tooto do, so/ such as to do)He lay in the bed only _ his feet exposed.
11、 He got there only _ (find) the train gone. 3) 原因原因状语状语 (be + adj. + to do )sorry, surprised, happy, glad, eager, angry, foolish, right, wrong, slow, quick, rude, cruel We were very excited to hearto hear the news.I have to say goodbye now. Im happy to meetto meet you. to findto find辨析辨析 doing/ to d
12、o 作结果状语作结果状语I went to see my aunt only to find her out.I went to see my aunt, finding her out. He donated a lot of money _ (enable) the orphans to go to school. He donated a lot of money, _ (enable) the orphans to go to school. to enableenabling动词不定式的时态和语态动词不定式的时态和语态形形 式式主主 动动被被 动动一般式一般式进行式进行式完成式完成式
13、完成进完成进行式行式to doto have doneto be doingto have been doingto be doneto have beendone(1) They pretended not to see us.(2) He pretended to be sleeping. (3) She pretended to have known it before.(在谓语动词发生的同时在谓语动词发生的同时,不定式的动作也正在进行。不定式的动作也正在进行。)(完成式表示动作发生在谓语动作之前。完成式表示动作发生在谓语动作之前。)(4) Were happy to have been
14、 working with you.(完成进行式表示谓语动作发生之前完成进行式表示谓语动作发生之前,不定式的动作一直在进行而且可能之后也继续。不定式的动作一直在进行而且可能之后也继续。)It is an honor for me _ (invite) to attend the meeting.He wants the house _ (repair) at once. to be invitedto be repairedstop to do sth. 停下来去做某事停下来去做某事 doing sth. 停止做某事停止做某事forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事忘记去做某事 doi
15、ng sth. 忘记已做了某事忘记已做了某事remember to do sth. 记得去做某事记得去做某事 doing sth. 记得曾经做某事记得曾经做某事注意：一、几对易混淆的词组注意：一、几对易混淆的词组 一些动词不定式可用作独立成分，表一些动词不定式可用作独立成分，表示说话人的态度。示说话人的态度。 to tell the truth 说实话说实话 to be honest 坦率地说坦率地说 to begin with 首先首先 not to say 更不用说更不用说注意：二、不定式做插入语注意：二、不定式做插入语1 爱和被爱都是最大的幸福。爱和被爱都是最大的幸福。_ are bot
16、h great happiness.2 据说他已经完成了他的工作。据说他已经完成了他的工作。He is said _.3 根据报道他们已安全到达。根据报道他们已安全到达。They are reported _.To love and to be lovedto have finished/completedhis work翻译下面的句子。翻译下面的句子。to have arrived safely4 我想叫人立刻修理这辆自行车。我想叫人立刻修理这辆自行车。I want this bike _.5 玛利仿佛已经被告知此事了。玛利仿佛已经被告知此事了。Mary seemed _.6 众所周知，奥运会上他被授予了一枚众所周知，奥运会上他被授予了一枚 金牌。金牌。He is known _ a gold medal at the Olympics.to be repaired at onceto have been told about itto have been given/immediately
