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1、Unit2 GrammarLook at the sentences and analyze the underlined part. 1. Although Dolly lived six and a half years, half the length of the life of the original sheep.2. Tom, our monitor, is a handsome boy. Discovering useful structuresDiscovering useful structures3. I myself will do the experiment.4.
2、She is the oldest among them six.5. He told me the news that the plane had exploded. 6. The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging.1） 同位语同位语 the Appositive 同位语是句子成分的一种同位语是句子成分的一种, 它位于名词、代词它位于名词、代词后面后面, 说明它们的性质和情况说明它们的性质和情况, 它可以由它可以由名词名词、代词代词、短语短语或或从句从句充当。充当。2） 同位语从句同位语从句 the A
3、ppositive Clause 同位语从句一般用来同位语从句一般用来解释解释或或说明说明某一名词的某一名词的内容的从句，在句中充当同位语的作用。内容的从句，在句中充当同位语的作用。同位语从句同位语从句 the Appositive Clause后接同位语从句的名词有：后接同位语从句的名词有：fact, news, idea, truth, hope , problem, information, belief, thought, doubt, promise, message ,question , word, possibility等。等。引导同位语从句的词有：引导同位语从句的词有：tha
4、t, how, when, where, whether, what等。等。（注：（注：if不引导同位语从句）不引导同位语从句）Underline the appositive phrases and clauses from the passage (p14)2. 同位语从句的表现形式同位语从句的表现形式: 由由 that 引导引导The news that he has been elected president of the United States is true. 由由 whether 引导引导The question whether we need more time to d
5、o the work has not been discussed. 由由 when 引导引导I have no idea when they will go. 由由 what 引导引导I have no idea what size shoes she wears. 由由 which 引导引导I have no idea which wine is best. 由由 who引导引导The question who will take his place is still not clear.3. 要注意的几点：要注意的几点：1）名词）名词doubt后的同位语从句，肯定句用后的同位语从句，肯定
6、句用whether引导，否定句或疑问句用引导，否定句或疑问句用that 引导，引导，如：如： She had her doubts _he would come.Some researchers believe that there is no doubt _ a cure for AIDS will be found.2）有时，同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明）有时，同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词后面，而被别的词隔开，如：的名词后面，而被别的词隔开，如：The story goes that William Tell killed the king with an arrow.Word came
7、 that their team had won. 3） 表示表示“建议，命令，要求建议，命令，要求”等的名词如等的名词如command, order, demand, request, suggestion等后的同位语从句中谓语要用虚等后的同位语从句中谓语要用虚拟语气，即拟语气，即“should+动词原形动词原形”如：如：She made a request that the doctor (should) be sent for at once.The suggestion that a new bridge (should) be built was accepted.4. 同位语从句与
8、定语从句的区别：同位语从句与定语从句的区别： The news that they won the match is true. The news that you told us yesterday is true.1）同位语从句是对某些名词进行）同位语从句是对某些名词进行解释解释或或说明说明，而，而定语从句则对先行词进行定语从句则对先行词进行限定限定和和修饰修饰；2）同位语从句说明的名词在句中不充当成分，而）同位语从句说明的名词在句中不充当成分，而定语从句所限定的词在从句中充当定语从句所限定的词在从句中充当主语主语，宾语宾语，表语表语，定语定语，状语状语等；等；3）引导词不同，同位语从句只
9、要有）引导词不同，同位语从句只要有that 引引导，有时也用导，有时也用what，how，whether，whatever等引导，但定语从句由关系代词等引导，但定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导；或关系副词引导；4）that引导同位语从句时，在从句中不作引导同位语从句时，在从句中不作成分，不能省略，而在定语从句中要指代成分，不能省略，而在定语从句中要指代先行词，可以在从句中作主语，宾语或表先行词，可以在从句中作主语，宾语或表语，在作宾语时可以省略。语，在作宾语时可以省略。1) We express the hope that they will come to visit China again
10、.2)Those who want to go please sign their names here.3) The order when we should go back hasnt reached us.4) The day when New China was founded will never be forgotten.5) The factory that we visited yesterday is a chemical one.5. 练习练习1.判断以下句子是同位语从句还是定语从句。判断以下句子是同位语从句还是定语从句。1）Two fifths of all girls
11、in America are on a diet./The fact worries their parents and teachers a lot.The fact that two fifths of all girls in America are on a diet worries their parents and teachers a lot.2.把下面两个句子连成一个含同位语从把下面两个句子连成一个含同位语从句的复合句句的复合句。2）The Queen of England was on a four-day visit in China./We heard the news
12、last night.We heard the news last night that the Queen of England was on a four-day visit in china.3）Teenagers shouldnt spend too much time online. /Many Chinese parents hold the view.Many Chinese parents hold the view that teenagers shouldnt spend too much time online.4）Time travel is possible./We
13、have no scientific proof for the idea.We have no scientific proof for the idea that time travel is possible.5）Students should be given more free time./The suggestion is welcomed by many people.The suggestion that students should be given more free time is welcomed by many people.3.用适当的连接代词或连接副词填空用适当
14、的连接代词或连接副词填空。1) I cant decide _ book I should buy.2) China is no longer _ it used to be.3) I am very interested in _ he improved his English in such a short time.4) _ we need is more money.which what how What5) The truth _ the earth turns around the sun is known to us.6) _ and _ we will meet has not
15、 been decided yet.thatWhenwhere1）我们想你们两位以前没有见过面。我们想你们两位以前没有见过面。4.4.翻译句子翻译句子, ,并说明这个名词性从句的作用并说明这个名词性从句的作用。We dont think you two have met before.(宾语从句)2）约翰肯定会考好。）约翰肯定会考好。 It is certain that John will do well in his exam. (主语从句主语从句)(主语从句主语从句)3）他们来不来无关紧要。）他们来不来无关紧要。Whether they are coming or not doesnt matter too much.4）现在是我们最需要他的时候现在是我们最需要他的时候。 (同位语从句同位语从句)Now is when we need him most. (表语从句表语从句)5) 我不知道她是如何穿过那个森林的。我不知道她是如何穿过那个森林的。 I have no idea how she got through the forest.6) 他们获奖的事实令我们高兴。他们获奖的事实令我们高兴。 (同位语从句同位语从句)The fact that they won the prize made us happy.
