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1、B5unit1readingpptB5unit1readingpptpersonal physicianinspireordinary people exposed to cholera.deadly diseaseneither nor many thousands offace the challengesolve this problem私人医生私人医生激励激励;激发激发;灵感灵感;受鼓舞受鼓舞受到霍乱威胁的普通百姓受到霍乱威胁的普通百姓致命的疾病致命的疾病既不既不也不也不数以千计的数以千计的面对挑战面对挑战解决问题解决问题对对感兴趣感兴趣暗示；表明暗示；表明;建议建议繁殖；增加；乘繁殖
2、；增加；乘一团危险的气体一团危险的气体四处漂浮四处漂浮被感染的人被感染的人1.怀疑某人做某事怀疑某人做某事2.击打；撞击；袭击击打；撞击；袭击3. 准备去做准备去做.4.传播传播5.收集信息收集信息6.下定决心做某事下定决心做某事be/become interested in suggestmultiplya cloud of dangerous gas float aroundthe affected person1.suspect sb of sth2. hit3. be ready to do sth/for sth4.spread-spread -spread5.gather info
3、rmation6.be determined to do sth做出标记做出标记有价值的线索有价值的线索水井水井尤其是尤其是做出进一步的调查做出进一步的调查在酒馆里在酒馆里免费的啤酒免费的啤酒似乎；好像似乎；好像该受责备该受责备marka valuable cluethe water pumpespeciallymake further investigationsin the pubfree beerit seems thatbe to blame调查调查水的来源水的来源被脏水污染的河流被脏水污染的河流感到吃惊的人们感到吃惊的人们去除把手去除把手以至于以至于慢下来；减速慢下来；减速look
4、intothe source of the waterthe river polluted by the dirty waterastonished peopleremove the handleso thatslow down阻止阻止做做水的供应水的供应命令某人做某事命令某人做某事使使暴露暴露不再不再prevent fromwater suppliesinstruct sb to doexpose tonot any more有说服力的证据有说服力的证据其他的两个死亡案例其他的两个死亡案例与与有关有关从从搬走搬走如此如此以至于以至于使使被送到被送到死于死于能够做某事能够做某事肯定的宣布肯定的
5、宣布污染的水污染的水supporting evidencetwo other deathsbe linked tomove away fromso thathave it delivered die ofbe able to announce with certaintypolluted waterWho are they? Guessing gameWho is he?He has made a famous kite experiment.He learned a lot from it and invented the lightning rod (避雷针避雷针).).He is Ben
6、jamin FranklinNever leave that until tomorrow, which you can do today.今日事今日事, ,今日毕。今日毕。Who is he?He is called the greatest scientist in the 20th century.He is famous for the Theory of Relativity.He is Albert EinsteinImagination is more important than knowledge 想象力比知识更重要。想象力比知识更重要。 imaginativeWho is
7、he?He made the first telescope in the world.His observations show that the earth movesaround the sun.He is Galileo GalileiYou cannot teach a man anything. You can only help him find it within himself.你不可能把一切都教给一个人你不可能把一切都教给一个人, ,你只能帮助你只能帮助他从内心去发现他从内心去发现( (和了解和了解) )事物。事物。What do you know about great
8、scientists? Try this quiz and find out who knows the most.1.Which scientist discovered that objects in water are lifted up by a force that helps them float?Archimedes阿基米德阿基米德(287-212 BC) an ancient Greek mathematician & physicist2. Who wrote a book explaining how animals and plants developed as the
9、environment changed?Charles Darwin (1808-1882) British author of The Origin of Species 3. Who invented the first steam engine?Thomas Newcomen纽可门纽可门4.Who used peas to show how physical characteristics are passed from parents to their children?Gregor Mendel 孟德尔孟德尔(1822-1884) Czech (捷克人捷克人)Marie CurieN
10、othing in life is to be feared. It is only to beunderstood.生活中没有什么可怕的东西生活中没有什么可怕的东西, ,只有需要理解的东西。只有需要理解的东西。5. Who discovered radium?The power of radiumThomas Alva EdisonGenius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.天才就是百分之九十九的汗水加上天才就是百分之九十九的汗水加上百分之一的灵感。百分之一的灵感。6. Who invented
11、 the way of giving electricity to everybody in large cities?The Inventions of Thomas Edison Phonograph (留声机留声机)Lightbulb(电灯泡灯泡)Motion Pictures(电影影)7.Who was the painter that studied dead bodies to improve his painting of people? Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) Italian artistLast SupperMona Lisa8.Who i
12、nvented a lamp to keep miners safe underground?Sir Humphry Davy汉弗来汉弗来.戴维戴维爵士爵士 (1778-1829)BritishMiniature(小型的小型的) Miners Safety Lamp the Safety Lamp 9.Who invented the earliest instrument to tell people where earthquakes happened?Zhang Hengseismograph10.Who put forward a theory about black hole?Ste
13、phen Hawking(1942-)BritishA Brief History of Time遗传学遗传学电电浮力定理浮力定理镭镭进化论进化论画家画家蒸汽机蒸汽机矿工安全灯矿工安全灯黑洞理论黑洞理论地动仪地动仪阿基米德阿基米德 Archimedes达尔文达尔文 Charles Darwin纽可门纽可门 Thomas Newcomen孟德尔孟德尔 Gregor Mendel居里夫人居里夫人 Marie Curie爱迪生爱迪生 Thomas Edison达芬奇达芬奇 Leonardo de Vinci汉弗来汉弗来.戴维戴维爵士爵士Sir Humphry Davy张衡张衡 Zhang Heng斯
14、蒂芬斯蒂芬.霍金霍金 Stephen HawkingMatch the names and what they famous for.made a great contribution.made great achievements.succeeded in their scientific career.overcome many difficulties. common characteristicscautiouspersuasivestrictpositiveCo-operativecreativebrightenthusiasticUnit 1 Great scientists Re
15、adingPre-reading 1.What impresses you most in 2003?Which person impresses you most during the SARS?What other infectious diseases do you know?For example: When you eat some food that is not freshYou may feelMaybe you have got _.Choleradraw a conclusionthink of a methodcollect resultsmake a questionf
16、ind a problemanalyse the resultsfind supporting evidencefind a problemmake a questionthink of a methodcollect resultsanalyse the resultsdraw a conclusionHow to prove a new idea in scientific research?find supporting evidenceJohn Snow defeats “King cholera”John Snow defeats “king cholera”What can you
17、 learn from the title?人物：人物：事件：事件：defeats cholera Who is John Snow?What happened to them? attended her as her personal physicianQueen VictoriaJohn Snow 约翰约翰.斯诺斯诺(1813 1858), 英国麻醉学家、英国麻醉学家、流行病专家。他首次提出了流行病专家。他首次提出了预防霍乱的措施。预防霍乱的措施。1854年年, 伦敦霍乱流行伦敦霍乱流行, 斯诺通过研究斯诺通过研究霍乱病死者的日常生活情况霍乱病死者的日常生活情况, 寻找到他们的共同行为模式
18、寻找到他们的共同行为模式,发现了霍乱与饮用不洁水的发现了霍乱与饮用不洁水的关系关系, 由于及时切断了二者由于及时切断了二者的联系的联系, 有效制止了霍乱的有效制止了霍乱的流行。流行。Four outbreaks of cholera in the 1830s and 1840s killed many people in England. In 1854, “the most terrible outbreak of cholera which ever occurred in the kingdom” began. It was so violent and sudden that 127
19、people died in the first three days.The terrible choleraBacteria / germs of cholera Name of illness cholera (cholera (霍乱霍乱霍乱霍乱) ) Symptom(症状症状)severe vomiting (severe vomiting (呕吐呕吐呕吐呕吐) and ) and diarrhoea (diarrhoea (腹泻腹泻腹泻腹泻) ) Aftereffect(后果后果)die quickly from a loss of liquiddie quickly from a
20、loss of liquidWhat was the cause of this illness? How did John Snow find it out?Skim the text and find the main idea of the text. The passage is mainly about: _ How John Snow found the cause of the cholera and defeated it. Fastreading:1. Whats the main idea of the passage?A. John Snow was a well-kno
21、wn doctor in London.B. The cause of Cholera was polluted water.C. The source of all drinking water should be examined.D. How John Snow collected, analyzed data and found the cause of the disease and solved it .2. Why was cholera called “King Cholera” in the text?A. Because cholera caused some deaths
22、.B. Because it got its name from Queen Victoria.C. Because cholera was the most deadly disease of its day.D. Because it was defeated with the help of the king.Para-graphStages in an experimentExample in this investigation1Find a problem2Make a question3Think of a methodWhat caused cholera?Which theo
23、ry is correct?Collect data on those who were ill or died and where they got their water.Fill in the blanks. 4Collect results5Analyse results6find supporting evidence7Draw a conclusionPlot information on a map to find out where people died or did not die.Analyse the water to see if that is the cause
24、of the illness.Find other evidence to support the analysis.The water is to blame. The source of all drinking water should be examined so that it is safe.draw a conclusionfind a problemmake a questionthink of a methodcollect resultsanalyse the resultsrepeat if necessaryMatch themPara 1Para 2Para 3Par
25、a 4Para 5Para 6Para 7Prevention of CholeraWhat should we pay attention to in our daily life in order not to get infected with cholera? Heal the food left overnightCook raw food thoroughlyWash hands oftenKeep away from flieschoose fresh sea foodKeep the kitchen cleanDispose rubbish properly.Drink boi
26、led waterDiscussionP1 John Snow was a famous doctor in London - so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. This was the deadly disease of its day. Neither its cause nor its cur
27、e was understood. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem. He knew that cholera would never be controlled until its cause was found.personal physicianinspireordinary people exposed to cholera.deadly di
28、seaseneither nor many thousands offace the challengesolve this problem私人医生私人医生激励激励;激发激发;灵感灵感;受鼓舞受鼓舞受到霍乱威胁的普通百姓受到霍乱威胁的普通百姓致命的疾病致命的疾病既不既不也不也不数以千计的数以千计的面对挑战面对挑战解决问题解决问题1.Translate the following sentenceJohn Snow was a famous doctor in London - so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria asher pe
29、rsonal physician. 约翰约翰.斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生他医术如此精湛，因他医术如此精湛，因成了维多利亚女王的私人大夫成了维多利亚女王的私人大夫attend ?expert ?doctor / physician /surgeon / vet / dentist2.But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. 但当他一想到要帮助那些受到霍乱威胁的普通百姓，他就感到但当他一想到要帮助那些受到霍乱威胁的普通百姓，他就感到振奋。振奋
30、。(1).inspire vt. 激励，激发灵感激励，激发灵感 inspire sb to do sth. inspiration n. 灵感灵感 inspiring/inspired adj. He was _ by the _ speech.(2). exposed to cholera 过去分词作定语修饰过去分词作定语修饰ordinary people Tsinghua university, founded in 1911, is home to many outstanding figures.(后置定语）后置定语）过去分词做后置定语过去分词做后置定语1. The building
31、being built （表被动进行）（表被动进行）is our classroom. built（表被动完成）（表被动完成） to be built（表被动将来）（表被动将来）Exercises:1. Most of the artists _ to the party were from South Africa. A.invited B. to invite C. being invited D. had been invited2. The computer center, _last year, is very popular among the students in this s
32、chool. A.open B. opening C. having opened D. opened 3. The woman _ there under the tree, _ in a blue shirt, is our headmaster.A.sitting; wearing B. sitting; dressed C. seating; dressed D. seated; dressing4.Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing Mining Company, _ as 3M. A. knowing. B. known. C.
33、 being known. D. to be known3. Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. neither nor 就近原则就近原则（注意平行）（注意平行）类似：类似： eitheror.; not but.; not only but also.; there be;就远原则就远原则 As well as; along with; together with; with; rather than.Not only his family but also he _(like) Chaplins movies.The girl as
34、 well as the boys _(have) learned to drive a car.4.So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. every time 在这里是连词在这里是连词, 引导时间状语从句引导时间状语从句, 意为意为“每次每次, 每当每当” e.g. Every time I meet him, I always think of the things happened between us.考点：考点： next time; every time; the m
35、oment; the first time 做连词，连接两个句子。做连词，连接两个句子。 He recognized me the moment I got off the bus.P2 He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people. The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. A cloud of dangerous gas floated around until it found its vic
36、tims. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died.对对感兴趣感兴趣暗示；表明暗示；表明;建议建议繁殖；增加；乘繁殖；增加；乘一团危险的气体一团危险的气体四处漂浮四处漂浮被感染的人被感染的人be/become interested in suggestmultiplya clou
37、d of dangerous gas float aroundthe affected person5.The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.suggest 表示表示暗示或表明暗示或表明之意从句用陈述语气之意从句用陈述语气The look on her face suggested that she was sleepy.suggest 表表建
38、议建议之意之意suggest doing sthsuggest that sb should do(从句用虚拟语气从句用虚拟语气)It is suggested that sb should do 人们建议人们建议.我建议他戒烟。我建议他戒烟。 I suggested that he should give up smoking.=I suggested his giving up smoking.他建议会议延迟到下周举行。他建议会议延迟到下周举行。He suggested the meeting be put off until next week. 1.The smile on his f
39、ace suggested that he _ happy to have given help to his classmates. A.was B. should be C. had been D. would be 2. He made the suggestion that they _ their conversation in French. A.carry on B. carried on C. to carry on D. carrying on3. （ 2001 上海春）上海春）He came to my class every week， but his attitude
40、_ he was not really interested in the subject. A.expressed B. described C. explained D. suggested 4. All I suggest is that electric wires _ out of the reach of children. A. keep B. shall keep C. kept D. be kept P3 John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence. So when
41、 another outbreak hit London in 1854, he was ready to begin his enquiry. As the disease spread quickly through poor neighbourhoods, he began to gather information. In two particular streets, the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out
42、why.1.怀疑某人做某事怀疑某人做某事2.击打；撞击；袭击击打；撞击；袭击3. 准备去做准备去做.4.传播传播5.收集信息收集信息6.下定决心做某事下定决心做某事1.suspect sb of sth2. hit3. be ready to do sth/for sth4.spread-spread -spread5.gather information6.be determined to do sth P4 First he marked on a map the exact places where all the dead people had lived. This gave him
43、 a valuable clue about the cause of the disease. Many of the deaths were near the water pump in Broad Street (especially numbers 16, 37, 38 and 40). He also noticed that some houses (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths. He had not foreseen this, so he made
44、further investigations. He discovered that these people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They had been given free beer and so had not drunk the water from the pump. It seemed that the water was to blame.做出标记做出标记有价值的线索有价值的线索水井水井尤其是尤其是做出进一步的调查做出进一步的调查在酒馆里在酒馆里免费的啤酒免费的啤酒似乎；好像似乎；好像该受责备该受责备marka v
45、aluable cluethe water pumpespeciallymake further investigationsin the pubfree beerit seems thatbe to blame分析句子：分析句子：1. First he marked on a map the exact places where all the dead people had lived. Hes got himself into a dangerous situation _ he is likely to lose control over the plane. 2. He had no
46、t foreseen this, so he made further investigations.3. It seemed that the water was to blame. 似乎；好像似乎；好像 (1) It seems that It seems that it is going to rain. There seems to be There seemed to be 100 people outside.It is too noisy. (2) be to blame The severe storm was to blame for the power failure. 谁
47、要为这个事故负责？谁要为这个事故负责？ Who is to blame for the accident? P5 Next, John Snow looked into the source of the water for these two streets. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. He immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pu
48、mp so that it could not be used. Soon afterwards the disease slowed down. He had shown that cholera was spread by germs and not in a cloud of gas.调查调查水的来源水的来源被脏水污染的河流被脏水污染的河流感到吃惊的人们感到吃惊的人们去除把手去除把手以至于以至于慢下来；减速慢下来；减速look intothe source of the waterthe river polluted by the dirty waterastonished people
49、remove the handleso thatslow down 1. look into 调查调查 警察们正在调查这个事件。警察们正在调查这个事件。 The policemen are looking into the case. look up to 尊敬尊敬 look down upon/on 看不起看不起 look forward to 期待；盼望期待；盼望 look out (for) 当心当心 look through 看穿；浏览看穿；浏览 look back 回顾；倒退回顾；倒退 2. He found that it came from the river polluted
50、by the dirty water from London. polluted by the dirty water from London 是过去分词做是过去分词做 后置定语后置定语修饰修饰the river. a boy called Tom a boy calling himself Tom ordinary people exposed to cholera. So many thousands of terrified people died . Soon the affected person died. p6 In another part of London, he foun
51、d supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. A woman, who had moved away from Broad Street, liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. Both she and her daughter died of cholera after drinking the water. With t
52、his extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the virus.。有说服力的证据有说服力的证据其他的两个死亡案例其他的两个死亡案例与与有关有关从从搬走搬走如此如此以至于以至于使使被送到被送到死于死于能够做某事能够做某事肯定的宣布肯定的宣布污染的水污染的水supporting evidencetwo other deathsbe linked tomove away fromso thathave it delivered die ofbe able to
53、 announce with certaintypolluted water 1. he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. two other deaths= two more deaths =two extra deaths =another two deaths be linked to 吸烟与癌症有关吸烟与癌症有关 Smoking is linked to cancer.2. A woman, who had moved away f
54、rom Broad Street, liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. have sth done have my hair cut /have my bike repaired3. die of illness /hnger/cold/old age/ sorrow死于（内因）死于（内因） die from a wound/ an accident/ overwork死于死于 （外因）（外因） die down 逐渐消失逐渐消失 die off 相继死去
55、相继死去 die out 逐渐消失逐渐消失;灭绝灭绝 die away 变弱变弱;逐渐止息逐渐止息 P7 To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined. The water companies were instructed not to expose people to polluted water any more. Finally King Cholera was defeated.阻止阻止做做水的供应水的供应命
56、令某人做某事命令某人做某事使使暴露暴露不再不再prevent fromwater suppliesinstruct sb to doexpose tonot any more 1. To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined.(1) prevent / stop from doing keep from doing protect from doing(2) suggest/advise doing advise s
57、b to do suggest that (should) do 建议建议 suggest that 陈述语气陈述语气 表明；暗示表明；暗示 She suggested / advised that the class meeting (should) not be held on Saturday. The expression on his face suggested that he was very angry. Read the passage again and fill in the blanks:John Snow was a well-known _ in London in
58、 the _ century. He wanted to find the _ of cholera in order to _ it. In 1854 when a cholera _ out, he began to gather information. He _ on a map where all the dead people had lived and he found that many people who had drunk the dirty water from the _ died. So he decided that the polluted water carried cholera. He suggested that the _ of all water supply be _ and new methods of _ with polluted water be found. Finally, “King Cholera” was defeated.doctor19thcausedefeatbrokemarkedpumpsourceexamineddealing结束结束
