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1、Module 1Small Talk大多数人都认为自己是一个好听众,但却没有意识到听话和倾听之间的区别。听别人说话是我们与生俱来的能力,但倾听却是一项需要联系和发展的技巧。那么你究竟是一个左耳进右耳出的传声筒,还是一个拥有思想的倾听者?Areyouagoodlistener?Abigpartofbeinganeffectiveteammemberisbeingagoodlistener.Doyouthinkyourlisteningskillscouldneedsomeimproving?Simplyremembertheinstructionstobecomeabetterlistener.
2、Lookatthepersonspeakingtoyou.Ifyoumakeeyecontact,thespeakerfeelslikehehasyourundividedattention.Ifanindividualcomesintoyourofficetotalk,stopwhatyouredoing.Whenyoucontinuetypingorstaringatyourcomputerscreen,thepersontalkingtoyoufeelsinsignificant1.Askquestions.Thisshowsyoureinterestedandthatyourehear
3、ingwhathessaying.Dontinterrupt.Whenyouinterrupt,thespeakerfeelsyourenotinterestedinwhathessayingandwillbefrustratedbytheinabilitytofinishacompletethought.Takethetimetolistenjustrelaxandopenyourears!Empathize2.Whensomeonesharesinformationwithyou,putyourselfinhisshoes.Doingthiswillallowthetwoofyoutodi
4、scoversolutionsmoreeasilyandwillalsohelpyouappreciateaperspectivedifferentfromyourown.Respondverballyandnon-verbally.Usinganenthusiastictoneshowsyoureinterestedinwhatthespeakerissaying.Smilinghelpstoo!Avoidcrossingyourarmssincethiscanbeinterpretedasbeingclosedoff.单词注释1.insignificantadj.微不足道的;无足轻重的2.
5、empathizev.有同感;产生共鸣难句剖析Usinganenthusiastictoneshowsyoureinterestedinwhatthespeakerissaying.译文:用热情的腔调表明你对说话人正在说的内容感兴趣。usinganenthusiastictone为动词-ing短语在句中作主语,show后面引导省略that的宾语从句,whatthespeakerissaying在宾语从句中作in的宾语。导读诱思Whatshouldyoudoifyouareagoodlistener?答案:Lookatthepersonspeakingtoyou;askquestions;don
6、tinterrupt;empathize;respondverballyandnon-verbally.Section Introduction,Vocabulary & Reading一二三四Pre-reading一、在同朋友的交谈中,哪些话题你们比较感兴趣?轻松一点的,还是严肃一点的?试着将下列话题进行归类一二三四答案:1.smalltalk:cars,filmstars,music,sports,travels,weather,food2.serioustalk:careers,examinations,politicscareerscarsexaminationsfilmstarsmu
7、sicpoliticssportstravelsweatherfood一二三四答案:1.socialskills2.conversation3.newsstory4.yourstudies5.safe6.strangers7.rules8.ontime9.whentoleave10.takeagiftPost-reading三、根据课文内容填空Haveyouevercrossedtheroadtoavoidtalkingtosomeoneyou1.?Wouldyoulovetogotoapartyandtalk2.toeveryguest?Doyouwantto3.but4.totalktop
8、eopleyoudontknow?Youneedntworryaboutsituationsliketheseifyouhavegood5.Andtheyareeasytolearn.Ithelpsifyoudoalittleadvanceplanning.First,learnhowtodosmalltalk.Smalltalkisveryimportantand6.youformoreseriousconversations.Beprepared!Havesomelow-riskconversationopenersready.一二三四一二三四Second,developyourliste
9、ningskills.Communication7.speakingandlistening.Rememberthatyouwont8.peopleifyoutalktoomuch.Atlast,learntherules.Therearedifferentsocialrulesindifferentcountries.Youneedtoknowwhentoarriveataparty.9.,youshouldknowhowlongyoushouldstayandwhenyouhavetoleave.Somehosts10.flowersorasmallgift,butinotherplace
10、syouneedntifyoudontwantto.答案:1.recognise2.confidently3.makemorefriends4.lacktheconfidence5.socialskills6.prepares7.involves8.impress9.Inaddition10.expect一二三四四、短语互译A.温故:从文中找出下列短语并写出它们的汉语意思。1.referto2.takeplace3.avoiddoingsth.4.shoutat.5.makefriends6.worryabout答案:A.1.提到,涉及2.发生3.避免做某事4.对大喊5.交朋友6.焦虑,担心B
11、.知新:从文中找出与下列短语对应的英文。1.闲聊,聊天2.对神经紧张,害怕,胆怯,焦虑不安3.社交技巧4.为做准备5.想起,回忆起6.保持眼神交流7.肢体语言8.把目光从移开9.除此之外,另外10.了解(到);找到(信息)一二三四答案:B.1.smalltalk2.(be)nervousabout3.socialskills4.preparefor.5.thinkof6.keepeyecontact7.bodylanguage8.lookawayfrom9.inaddition10.findout1234567891.Haveyouevercrossedtheroadtoavoidtalkin
12、gtosomeoneyourecognise?你是否做过这样的事情:看见认识的人以后,故意过马路以避免与其说话?考点:avoiddoing避免/逃避做(某事)Itisnoteasytoavoidmakingmistakes.要避免犯错误是不容易的。123456789考点延伸1)阅读下列句子,体会黑体词的含义Ithinksheisavoidingme.我想她是在躲着我。含义:躲避Trytoavoidaccidents.尽量防止发生事故。含义:防止Thedriverhadenoughtimetobrakeandavoidthewoman.司机有足够的时间刹车来避开那个女人。含义:避开1234567
13、892)avoid后可接名词或代词作宾语,也可接动词-ing形式作宾语,但是不能接不定式作宾语犯错误是难免的。Itwasimpossibletoavoidmistakes.他避而不答我的问题。误:Heavoidedtoanswermyquestions.正:Heavoidedansweringmyquestions.1234567891234567892.Wouldyoulovetogotoapartyandtalkconfidentlytoeveryguest?你愿意去参加一个聚会,并且自信地同每一位客人谈话吗?考点:confidentlyadv.自信地Shewalkedconfidentl
14、yacrossthehall.她自信地走过大厅。Icanconfidentlypromisethatthisyearisgoingtobeverydifferent.我可以信心十足地保证今年将大不一样。123456789考点延伸阅读下列句子,体会黑体词的词性、含义、搭配及意义Shehasnowchangedintoahappyandconfidentwoman.如今她已经变成一个快乐、自信的女人。词性:形容词含义:自信的Sheisagoodstudentbutshelacksconfidence.她是个好学生,但是缺乏自信。词性:名词含义:信心123456789Iamfullyconfiden
15、tabout/ofhissuccess.我完全相信他会成功。搭配:beconfidentabout/of意义:相信Thegovernmentfailedtowin/gainpublicconfidenceinitsplanforeconomicrecovery.政府未能赢得公众对其经济复兴计划的信任。搭配:win/gainsb.sconfidence意义:赢得某人的信任1234567891234567893.Doyouwanttomakemorefriendsbutlacktheconfidencetotalktopeopleyoudontknow?你是否想结交更多的朋友但又缺乏与陌生人交谈的
16、信心?考点:lackvt.缺乏,不足,没有Manyofouryoungworkerslackpropertraining.我们的许多年轻工人缺乏适当的培训。123456789考点延伸1)阅读下列句子,体会黑体词的词性Helackscourage.他缺乏勇气。词性:及物动词Hecannotbuyahousebecauseofhislackofmoney.他因缺钱买不起房子。词性:名词1234567892)阅读下列句子,体会黑体词的搭配及意义Sheseemstobelackingincommonsense.她似乎缺乏常识。搭配:belackingin意义:缺乏Moreandmorehigh-ris
17、ebuildingshavebeenbuiltinbigcitiesforlackofspace.由于缺少空间,大城市里建起了越来越多的摩天大楼。搭配:lackof意义:缺少,缺乏Theyaresorichthattheylackfornothing.他们非常富裕,什么都不缺。搭配:lackfornothing意义:应有尽有,什么都不缺1234567893)辨析:lack,absence与shortagelack缺乏,不足。指部分或完全的不足,也用于缺少信心、毅力或者缺少客观条件等。absence缺席,不在。指某物根本不存在或完全短缺,或某人虽存在,但未到现场。shortage不足,短缺。侧重
18、达不到规定的、需要的或已知应有的(数)量。Hekilledfurtherdiscussionwithhisabsence.他的缺席使讨论无法再继续下去。Theshortageofoilwillprobablydrivepricesup.石油短缺很有可能迫使价格上涨。Herbrainwasbefoggedbylackofsleep.她因缺乏睡眠而头脑昏沉。1234567891234567894.Andareyounervousabouttheideaofbeingatasocialeventinanothercountry?当你想到要去另一个国家参加社交活动的时候会焦虑吗?考点:benervou
19、sabout对感到焦虑、紧张不安Nobodyknowswhatsheisnervousabout.没有人知道她在焦虑什么。Heisillandheisnervousabouthislessons.他病了,正为他的功课而焦虑不安。123456789考点延伸阅读下列句子,体会黑体词的搭配及意义Theresnothingtobeafraidof.Theskywontfalldown.没有什么好怕的,天不会塌下来。搭配:beafraidof意义:因而害怕Dontbeworriedaboutaccidents.Youdbesurprisedhowwelltheseaffairsgo.别担心意外事故,到时
20、候你会为事情进行得顺利而惊叹的。搭配:beworriedabout意义:因而担心Troyseemstobeanxiousaboutthecomingtest.特洛伊似乎对即将到来的考试感到担忧。搭配:beanxiousabout意义:为而焦虑、担心1234567891234567895.Peoplewithgoodsocialskillscommunicatewellandknowhowtohaveaconversation.拥有良好社交技能的人能很好地和别人交流并且知道怎样说话。考点:“疑问词+动词不定式”结构Theteachertoldthestudentshowtodotheexperi
21、ment.老师告诉学生怎么做实验。Theyoungwomandoesntknowwhattodo.那位年轻女子不知道该怎么办。考点延伸“疑问词+动词不定式”结构作宾语时,相当于一个该疑问词引导的宾语从句Excuseme.Canyoutellmehowtogettothebookshop?=Excuseme.CanyoutellmehowIcangettothebookshop?打扰一下,您能告诉我怎么去书店吗?1234567891234567896.Ithelpsifyoudoalittleadvanceplanning.要是预先做些准备,将会对你有所帮助。剖析:在本句中,it是,而真正的主语
22、是。通常it作形式主语或形式宾语代替后面的内容名词短语、不定式短语、that从句、if从句或when从句。答案:形式主语;if从句123456789考点一:it作形式主语Itismydutytocareforthatpatient.照顾那位病人是我的责任。考点延伸阅读下列句子,体会黑体词在句中的用法ItisuncertainwhetherhecancometoJennysbirthdaypartyornot.不确定他是否能来到珍妮的生日聚会。It作形式主语,真正主语为whetherhecancometoJennysbirthdaypartyornot.Itisnecessaryfortheyo
23、ungtomastertwoforeignlanguages.年轻人有必要掌握两门外语。It作形式主语,真正主语为tomastertwoforeignlanguages。123456789考点二:advanceadj.预先的Wegotnoadvancenoticeofthechanges.对于这些变化我们并没有提前得到通知。考点延伸阅读下列句子,体会黑体词的词性及含义AsIadvancedtowardsthedog,itsnarledandstruckatme.我朝那条狗走去时,它狂吠着向我扑来。词性:动词含义:朝前进123456789Thebookingofficesellstickets3
24、daysinadvance.售票处预售3天的票。词性:名词含义:提前Therewereonlythreeofusontheadvancedcourse.只有我们三人学高级课程。词性:形容词含义:高级的1234567891234567897.thinkofarecentnewsstorynottooserious.想出一个最近的新闻故事不要太严肃考点:thinkof想起,认为,考虑WhatdoyouthinkofyourEnglish?你觉得你的英语怎么样?考点延伸阅读下列句子,体会黑体词的搭配及意义Whatareyouthinkingof?Imthinkingofawaytohelpher.你
25、在想什么?我在想一个帮助她的办法。搭配:thinkof意义:思考,考虑123456789Peoplethinkhighlyofhisbravebehaviour.他的英勇行为得到了人们的高度评价。搭配:thinkhighlyof意义:对评价很高Pleasedontthinkbadlyofme.Ihadnochoice.请不要把我想得太坏,我当时别无选择。搭配:thinkbadlyofsb.意义:对某人评价不高1234567891234567898.Inaddition,youneedtoknowhowlongyoushouldstay,andwhenyouhavetoleave.另外,你需要知
26、道该待多久,还有该在何时离开。考点:inaddition除此之外,另外Inaddition,helearnedFrenchbyhimself.此外,他还自学了法语。123456789考点延伸阅读下列句子,体会黑体词的搭配及意义Hesnowrunninghisownresearchcompanythatsinadditiontohisjobattheuniversity.他除了在大学的工作外,现在还经营自己的研究公司。搭配:inadditionto意义:除此之外(还有)Abottleofwinewillmakeapleasantadditiontothemeal.一瓶葡萄酒将为这顿饭增色。搭配:
27、makeanadditionto意义:为增添,添加1234567891234567899.Rememberalsothatinsomecountries,youmustnttakeflowersofacertaincolour,becausetheyreunlucky.还有,要记住在有的国家你不能带某种颜色的鲜花,因为那是不吉利的。考点:certainadj.某事,某人,某种AcertainMrBrowncalledwhileyouwereout.你出去的时候,有个叫布朗的先生打过电话。Theyarecertaintoagree.他们肯定会同意。123456789考点延伸1)阅读下列句子,体会
28、黑体词的搭配及意义Wearecertainof/aboutyoursuccess,sobeconfidentaboutyourself.我们确信你的成功,所以对自己要有信心。搭配:becertainof/about意义:确信Lookatthecloudsgatheringinthesky!Itiscertaintorainsoon.看看在空中聚集的云彩!肯定快下雨了。搭配:becertainto意义:肯定会Iknowforcertainthatheisastudentoftheliterarymaster.我确切地知道他是那位文学大师的一个学生。搭配:forcertain意义:确定无疑地1234567892)辨析:sure与certain二者都可以作表语,意思是“确信的,对有把握的,肯定的”。但是,sure的主语通常为指人的词;certain的主语既可以是指人的词也可以是指物的词。另外,certain的“肯定”程度大于sure。ShelookscertaintowinanOscar.看来奥斯卡金像奖非她莫属。Itssuretorain.一准会下雨。Imnotsure/certainwhetherIveseenhimbefore.我不能确定以前是否见过他。123456789
