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1、Point out the function of each noun in the following sentences: 1.The world loves nature. 2.Knowledge is power .3.We Chinese are peace-loving.subjectobjectpredicativesubjectsubjectappositionpredicative 名词性从句名词性从句（Noun Clauses), 顾名思顾名思义义, 其用法相当于一个名词的用法其用法相当于一个名词的用法, 在句在句中可做主语、宾语、表语、同位语中可做主语、宾语、表语、同位语
2、, 分分别叫做别叫做主语从句主语从句(Subject Clause)、宾语宾语从句从句(Object Clause、表语从句表语从句(Predicative Clause)和和同位语从句同位语从句(Appositive Clause) 。名词性从句名词性从句名词性从句在功能上相当于名词。名词性从句在功能上相当于名词。主语主语 His job is important.What he does is important.表语表语This is his job.This is what he does every day. 宾语宾语 I dont like his job.I dont like
3、what he does every day.同位语同位语 I dont know about the man, Mr. White.I dont know about the fact that he is Mr.White.Object Clauses 宾语从句宾语从句1. I know him. 2. I know who he is . 主语主语宾语宾语（简单句）（简单句）主语主语谓语谓语宾宾 语语 从从 句句连词连词动词，介词，形容词之后动词，介词，形容词之后（复合句）（复合句）谓语谓语宾语宾语概念：概念： 在复合句中充当宾语的从句。在复合句中充当宾语的从句。句子结构：句子结构：主句
4、主句 + + 连词（引导词）连词（引导词）+ + 宾语从句宾语从句主句主句引导词引导词They are good doctors. He told us. “I dont like reading novels. ” She says.She says that she doesnt like reading novels.Rule 1：当从句原来是陈述句时，变成当从句原来是陈述句时，变成名词性从句用名词性从句用that引导。引导。that在从句中在从句中不作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，不作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此常省略。因此常省略。He told us that they wer
5、e good doctors.3.Does your sister get up early? Do you know? 4.Do animals have the same senses as humans? I often wonder. Do you know if / whether your sister gets up early?I often wonder if / whether animals have the same senses as humans.Rule 2：当从句原来是一般疑问句时，当从句原来是一般疑问句时，变成名词性从句用变成名词性从句用if或或whether
6、引导，翻引导，翻译成译成“是否是否”，变成，变成陈述句语序陈述句语序。5.When did he buy this new bike? Could you tell me? 6. Who is our English teacher? He asked.He asked who was our English teacher.Could you tell me when he bought this new bike?Rule 3：当从句原来是特殊疑问句时，当从句原来是特殊疑问句时，变成名词性从句还用变成名词性从句还用原来的特殊疑问词原来的特殊疑问词来引导来引导,变成变成陈述语序陈述语序。句式
7、句式连词连词语序语序例句例句陈述句陈述句that不变不变I think (that)we can be good friends.一般疑问一般疑问句句if/whether 改为陈改为陈述语序述语序I cant remember if/whether I posted the letter.特殊疑问特殊疑问句句特殊疑问特殊疑问词词改为陈改为陈述语序述语序He gave up what she was doing.宾语从句中的连接词宾语从句中的连接词that在以下三种情况下在以下三种情况下不能省略：不能省略：Note:（1）当）当that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时
8、，第二个宾语时，第二个that不能省；不能省；（2）当）当that作介词宾语时，作介词宾语时，that不可省掉；不可省掉；（3）用）用it做形式宾语的宾语从句。做形式宾语的宾语从句。Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried. The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do.I think it necessary that you should read English aloud.whether与与if的辨用的辨用表表“是否是否”时，在下列情况下用时，在下列
9、情况下用whether。 a. 介词后的宾语从句介词后的宾语从句I worry about whether I hurt her feelings. b. 后接动词不定式后接动词不定式 ( (whether to do sth.) We havent decide whether to go there.c .与与or not 连用连用He asked me whether or not I was coming.3. Im thinking about _we should go fishing. 2. They asked me _ to go skating. 1. I asked he
10、r _ she had a bike.4. I dont know _ or not he is well.if / whetherwhetherwhetherwhetherConsolidation:时态时态1. 1. 如果主句是如果主句是现在现在的时态的时态, ,从句的时态可根从句的时态可根 据实际情况而定（即该用什么时态就用据实际情况而定（即该用什么时态就用 什么时态什么时态。）。）。）。）2. 2. 如果主句是如果主句是过去过去的时态，那么从句的时态的时态，那么从句的时态 一定要用一定要用相对应的过去的相对应的过去的某种时态。某种时态。3.3.当从句是当从句是客观客观真理、定义、公理、
11、定理时用真理、定义、公理、定理时用 一般现在时一般现在时。改错：改错：1. He asked me whether I have ever been to the seaside. 2.She said that she will go to the park with her friend.4.Could you tell me when will he arrive?5.You can begin to see why does English have such strange rules._ English has_he will_would3. My teacher told me
12、that light traveled faster than sound. _ travels_ hadPredicative Clauses 表语从句表语从句 表表语语从从句句是是在在复复合合句句中中作作表表语语的的名名词词性性从从句句, 放放在在系系动动词词之之后后,一一般般结结构构是是“主主语语+系系动动词词+表表语语从从句句”。可可以以接接表表语语从从句句的的系系动动词词有有be, look, remain, seem等。等。表语从句的连接词主要有表语从句的连接词主要有that, whether, as if / though, because 及及wh-类的连接词。类的连接词。Th
13、e fact is that our team has won the game.The question is whether we can rely on him.He looked as if he was going to cry .Thats because we were in need of money at that time.Thats why I was late .注注 意：意：1. that 引导表语从句时，不可省略；引导表语从句时，不可省略；2. 表语从句中，表表语从句中，表 “是否是否” 时，只能用时，只能用 whether，if不能引导表语从句。不能引导表语从句。
14、The fact is that he doesnt really try hard.The question is whether the film is worth seeing.3.句子主语为句子主语为the reason时，通常构成句型：时，通常构成句型：The reason whyis that; / The reason for is that; 意为：意为：的原因是的原因是.The reason why he asked for two days leave is that he had to take care of his sick son.4. because可引导表语从句
15、，常用于结构：可引导表语从句，常用于结构：This/That is because ,意为：这意为：这/那是因为那是因为That is because I was too busy then.5. 当主语为当主语为advice，suggestion, proposal, demand, requirement, request, order, command 等表示等表示建议，建议，命令命令等意义的名词时，表语从句的谓语要用等意义的名词时，表语从句的谓语要用“(should ) do”,表虚拟。表虚拟。His request is that we_ (stay) here for night.should stay
