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1、Unit 15Unit 15LearningLearning-2-主题语境:谈论教育-3-高频单词重点短语难点句型1.suspect v.怀疑;不信任;觉得n.可疑分子,嫌疑犯adj.可疑的;靠不住的高考佳句 Many scientists workers first would have put the blocks on sleds.许多科学家怀疑,工匠们先把石块放在滑板上。(2015四川卷,阅读理解E篇)suspect(that)+从句怀疑 suspect sb of(doing) sth 怀疑某人(做)某事be suspected of doing sth 被怀疑做某事suspect
2、-4-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)单句语法填空What made you suspect her having picked your pocket?(2)用suspect的恰当形式填空She that one of her three daughters then ten,eight,and six had picked it up,but the girls said they hadnt.(2017浙江卷,语法填空) of suspected -5-高频单词重点短语难点句型2.instruct v.指导,教导;指示,命令经典例句 The letter instructed hi
3、m to report to headquarters immediately.那封信指示他立即向总部汇报。(1) as instructed 按照指示instruct sb in sth 指导/教导某人某事instruct sb to do sth 指示某人做某事instruct sb that sb(should)do sth 命令某人做某事(2)instruction n.用法指南;指示follow the instructions 按照说明操作ignore/carry out sbs instructions 忽视/执行某人的命令under instructions 接到命令instr
4、uctor n.教师,讲师,指导书instructive adj.增长知识的;富有教育意义的-6-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)用instruct及其短语的恰当形式填空Another beneficial aspect of group exercise is the informational support participants receive from the .(2015福建卷,阅读理解E篇)We returned the questionnaire .我们按照指示交回调查表。(2)单句语法填空He instructed a wall should be built aro
5、und the city.他指示在城市周围修城墙。instructor as instructed that -7-高频单词重点短语难点句型3.alternative adj.非传统的;另类的;可供替代的n.可供选择的事物高考佳句 The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents.But explanations are hard to find.恐龙的消失并不一定是由天文事件引起的。但是很难找到其他的解释。(2017江苏卷,34)an alternative use/way/r
6、oute/road 可供选择的用途/方法/路线/路the only alternative 唯一的选择have no alternative but to do sth 除做某事外别无选择an alternative method of(doing) sth 做某事的其他方法alternative -8-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)完成句子Thisof your cash and timeis the opportunity cost.你的时间和现金的可供选择的用途是机会成本。(2014江苏卷,阅读理解B篇)The way was blocked,so we went by .那条路
7、被堵住了,所以我们走了另一条路。(2)写作升级Caught in the act,he could do nothing but confess.满分表达 Caught in the act,he confess.the alternative use an alternative road had no alternative but -9-高频单词重点短语难点句型4.lack v.&n.缺乏,没有,不足高考佳句 What today is the conflict between adolescents desire for autonomy and their understanding
8、 of an unsafe world.今天所缺少的是青少年对自主性的渴望和他们对不安全世界的理解之间的冲突。(2016北京卷,阅读理解D篇)(1)lack something 缺少某物lack for nothing 应有尽有a(complete/distinct) lack of.(完全/明显)缺乏for/through lack of.因为缺少no lack of 不缺少(2)lacking adj.短缺的,缺乏的be lacking in.缺少is lacking -10-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)用lack短语的恰当形式填空To be punctual one has t
9、o have self-discipline,and affects others.一个人要守时就得要有自律,缺乏自律会影响他人。(2015陕西卷,六选五)But you cant be successful when theres in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.但是当在一个由犯错者不承担责任来改正错误的行为而导致的关系中缺乏信任时,你就不可能成功。(2015全国卷,七选五)the lack of it a
10、lack of trust -11-高频单词重点短语难点句型(2)写作升级As I lacked a mirror image in the mother who raised me,I had to seek my identity as a woman on my own.满分表达 in the mother who raised me,I had to seek my identity as a woman on my own.(2014江苏卷,阅读理解D篇)Lacking a mirror image -12-高频单词重点短语难点句型5.access n.通道;入径;(使用或见到的)机
11、会,权利高考佳句 People health care than they used to,and theyre living longer as a result.与过去相比,人们能更好地享受医疗保健,因此,他们也更长寿了。(2017北京卷,33)(1)have access to 拥有的机会或权利the only access to 到唯一途径get/gain access to 得到的机会或权利(2)accessible adj.易受影响的;易接近的,可进入的;易理解的accessibly adv.可到达地;可接近地;可使用地;可进入地be accessible to 容易进入,容易接近
12、have better access to -13-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)完成句子TOKNOW makes complex ideas attractive and to children,who can become involved in advanced concepts and even philosophy.TOKNOW使得复杂的思想变得具有吸引力,并能为那些可能涉入高级概念甚至是哲学的孩子们所理解(2017北京卷,阅读理解B篇)Thus I have been allowed their living environment.这样我已被允许进入他们的生活环境。(20
13、16四川卷,阅读理解C篇)accessible to gain access to -14-高频单词重点短语难点句型All students the Writing Centre on the upper floor of Douglas Hall.所有学生都有到道格拉斯大厅上层的写作中心的权利。(2014天津卷,阅读理解A篇)(2)写作升级The artist wants his music which can be understood by everyone.满分表达 The artist wants his music to be everyone.have access to acc
14、essible to -15-高频单词重点短语难点句型6.worthwhile adj.值得努力的,值得花时间的高考佳句 .he realised he would take a loss by selling it to us,but .他意识到把(房子)卖给我们蒙受了损失,但很值得(2015天津卷,完形填空)be worthwhile 值得be worthwhile to do/doing 值得做it was worthwhile -16-高频单词重点短语难点句型词义精析(1)worthwhile“值得的”,指花时间(金钱、努力等)去做某事是值得的,常用于It is worthwhile
15、doing/to do sth句型中,但不能说:sth is worthwhile doing。可做表语、定语或补足语。(2)worth“值”,后接表示价值的数词;“值得”,后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式(不能接动词不定式),表示“很值得”时前面加well修饰。只可做表语。(3)worthy“值得的”,常用结构为:worth of sth,worthy of being done和worthy to be done。可做表语或定语。-17-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)单句语法填空.the risk seems worth (take).(2016北京卷,七选五)(2)用worthw
16、hile,worth或worthy填空Sometimes we decide that a little unnecessary danger isit.(2016北京卷,七选五)We all felt we had done something for the local community.Their achievements are of the highest praise.taking worth worthwhile worthy -18-高频单词重点短语难点句型(3)写作升级It is worthwhile visiting the museum.满分表达The museum i
17、s visited.满分表达 The museum is .worthy of being worth visiting -19-高频单词重点短语难点句型7.reputation n.名誉,名声 高考佳句 Many Chinese brands,having developed their over centuries,are facing new challenges from the modern market.许多中国品牌已经建立了几个世纪的声誉,现在正面临着来自现代市场的新挑战。(2017江苏卷,21)have a reputation of 有名声have a good/bad re
18、putation for 因而有好/坏名声reputations -20-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)单句语法填空They have a reputation providing a great riding experience.他们因提供好的骑行经验而有名气。(2015重庆卷,阅读理解D篇)Their reputation dependability influences managers evaluations of their work.他们的可靠性的名声影响着经理们对他们工作的评估(2013江苏卷,任务型阅读)for for -21-高频单词重点短语难点句型(2)完成句子A
19、lthough he is known to only a few people here,is very great.虽然这里只有几个人知道他,但他在国外的名气却很大。(2015湖北卷,完成句子)his reputation abroad -22-高频单词重点短语难点句型should be ignored 8.ignore vt.忽视,不顾高考佳句 Write another email as swiftly as you can and send it with a brief title explaining that this is the correct version and th
20、e previous version .尽快再写一封电子邮件,并附上简短的标题发送出去,说明这是正确的版本,而以前的版本应该忽略。(2017天津卷,阅读理解A篇)(1)ignore ones advice/warning 不理会某人的建议/警告ignore ones remarks/protests 不理睬某人的话/抗议(2)ignorance n.无知,不知ignorant adj.无知识的,幼稚的,不知道的show ignorance of/about sth 表明对的无知be ignorant of/about 对无知-23-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练完成句子His behavio
21、ur showed his law.他的行为表明他对法律的无知。The person who sets out late might be careless in driving.He will .出发晚了的人可能会粗心驾驶,他会忽视交通规则。(2015陕西卷,六选五)These are exactly the kinds of costs many of us tend .这些正是我们很多人常会忽视的几种花费(2015浙江卷,完形填空)ignorance of ignore traffic rules to ignore -24-高频单词重点短语难点句型9.urge v.催促,力劝;强烈要求
22、n.强烈的欲望,冲动高考佳句 I never felt any sign language before.我以前从来没有学习手语的强烈欲望。(2017全国卷,完形填空)(1)urge sb to do sth/urge sb into doing sth 强烈要求某人做某事urge sth on/upon sb 对某人强调某事have an urge to do sth 有做某事的强烈愿望urge that.(从句用should do,should可以省略)催促某人(应该)做某事(2)urgent adj.紧急的,紧迫的urgently adv.紧急地,紧迫地urgency n.紧急的事an
23、urge to learn -25-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)完成句子Having enough fat and salt in your meals willto snack between meals and will improve the taste of your food.三餐中有足够的脂肪和盐将减少你两餐间吃点心的欲望,并将改善你食物的味道。(2017全国卷,语法填空)But she kept a look at least.但她一直催促我们至少看一看。(2015天津卷,完形填空)(2)单句语法填空Dad urged that I (pack) my bag for
24、my trip.reduce the urge urging us to have (should) pack -26-高频单词重点短语难点句型10.adapt vt.(使)适应;改编vi.适应,适合 高考佳句 So even if emissions were to begin to decrease today,we would still face the challenge of climate change.所以,即使今天排放量开始下降,我们仍然面临适应气候变化的挑战。(2017江苏卷,阅读理解D篇) (1)adapt.to.使适应 adapt oneself to 适应 be we
25、ll adapted to 特别适应 adapt.from.由改编(2)adaptable adj.能适应的,适应性强的adaptation n.改编(本);适应adapting to -27-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)用adapt及其短语的恰当形式填空When it comes to ,it is important to understand that climate change is a process.(2017江苏卷,阅读理解D篇)Serious readers will both get excited over what happens in some news s
26、tories and the reality.认真的读者不仅对一些新闻故事感到兴奋,也会适应现实。(2015江苏卷,任务型阅读)adaptation adapt themselves to -28-高频单词重点短语难点句型(2)写作升级Instead,we are diurnal creatures,and our eyes are adapted to living in the suns light.满分表达Instead,we are diurnal creatures,with eyes living in the suns light.(2015浙江卷,阅读理解C篇)adapted
27、to -29-高频单词重点短语难点句型be laid off 1.lay off 裁员;解雇;停止教材原句 Three months ago,when my manager told me that I would ,my mind went blank and my heart swelled with anger.(Page 36)三个月前,当经理告诉我我将要下岗时,我大脑一片空白,怒火满腔。(1)lay off doing sth 停止做某事lay out 展开,布置,花费lay up 搁置不用lay down 放下;规定,制定lay aside 把放在一边(2)lie lied lie
28、d 撒谎lie lay lain 躺,位于lay laid laid 放置,产卵-30-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练完成句子I got so angry with him for the law.我因他制定规则十分生气。(2017天津卷,阅读表达)They because of the lack of new orders.由于没有新的订货,他们遭到暂时解雇。She hopes to inspire the Jamaicans their weapons.她希望激励那些牙买加人放下他们的武器。(2016江苏卷,阅读理解D篇)laying down were laid off to lay
29、down -31-高频单词重点短语难点句型2.be accustomed to 习惯于(表示状态)高考佳句 However,instead of devoting themselves to their work,they find themselves working to support the lifestyle to which they have so quickly .然而,这些人并不是全身心地投入到工作中,他们发觉自己工作的目的只是为了维持那种他们很快就习惯了的生活方式。(2016浙江卷,完形填空)(1)be accustomed to(doing) sth=be used to
30、(doing) sth 习惯(做)某事get/become/grow accustomed to(doing) sth 变得适应(做)某事(2)accustom v.使习惯于accustom oneself to 使自己习惯于become accustomed -32-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)完成句子You will soon the climate here.你会很快习惯这里的气候的。(2)单句改错People are accustomed to eat sweet food in the south.get accustomed to eateating -33-高频单词重点
31、短语难点句型tended to share 3.tend to 往往会;倾向于高考佳句 Readers also articles that were exciting or funny,or that inspired negative feelings like anger or anxiety,but not articles that left them merely sad.读者也常分享那些令人兴奋或有趣的文章,或者激发消极的感觉如愤怒或焦虑,而不是让他们只是伤心的文章。(2016全国卷,阅读理解D篇)tend to/towards 倾向于tend to sb 照顾某人;照料某人四维
32、热练(1)完成句子Migrating at night,birds collide with brightly lit tall buildings.小鸟在晚上迁徙,常常碰撞灯火通明的高楼大厦。(2015浙江卷,阅读理解C篇)(2)写作升级Our English teacher often remains patient even if we ask the same question several times.满分表达 Our English teacher patient even if we ask the same question several times.-34-高频单词重点短
33、语难点句型tend to tends to remain-35-高频单词重点短语难点句型4.approve of 赞成,赞许;批准高考佳句 To make yourself obey what you was freedom.让你自己遵守你所赞成的是自由。(2015江苏卷,阅读理解D篇)(1)be for 赞成,支持be in favour of 同意,赞成be against 反对object to反对(2)approval n.同意,赞成,认可with/without approval of 经/未经的批准meet with ones approval 得到某人的同意approved -3
34、6-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练完成句子Though not everyone the new dance,saying it was a little too shocking,the dance did find enough supporters to make it popular.虽然并不是每个人都赞成这种新舞蹈,说它有点令人震惊,但这种舞蹈还是有足够多的支持者,使它十分流行。(2013安徽卷,阅读理解E篇)approved of -37-重点短语难点句型高频单词1.I felt as if I had done something wrong!(Page 36)我感觉好像自己犯
35、了错。as if 引导表语从句句型(1)sb feels as if.表示“某人感觉到好像”,as if引导表语从句。(2)在as if引导的从句中,应根据情况确定是否应用虚拟语气,如果和事实相符用真实语气,如果和事实不符则应用虚拟语气。-38-重点短语难点句型高频单词四维热练单句语法填空The girl felt as if she herself (become) a fairy.那个女孩感觉她自己要变成一位仙女。The teacher talked with us as if he (know) about that.老师和我们谈话,好像他已经知道那件事了。The kids were v
36、ery friendly with her and even looked up to her as if she (be) their own mother.(2016上海卷,语法与词汇)would become had known were -39-重点短语难点句型高频单词2. I got my grandson to instruct me on how to email and use the Internet and I really enjoy the speed at which my messages get sent and answered.(Page 36)我让孙子教我怎
37、样收发电子邮件和使用互联网。我真的喜欢信息传送和回复的速度。“get+过去分词”表示被动的句型句中get sent and answered意为“(信息)传送和回复”,“get+过去分词”在句中表示被动,译作“被,变得,成状态”。-40-重点短语难点句型高频单词四维热练单句语法填空Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden.(2017浙江卷,语法填空)Though willing to
38、get (start),we cannot seem to do the job right.尽管愿意开始,我们似乎不可能把工作做好。(2016天津卷,阅读理解D篇)The young man got (charge) because he broke into the old mans house.那个年轻人因闯入那个老人的房子而受到指控。swept started charged -41-重点短语难点句型高频单词3.Anyway,its time for me to go now.(Page 36)不管怎么说,我现在该走了。Its time.句型(1)Its time for sb to
39、do sth 表示“该是某人做某事的时候了”。(2)Its time还常用于结构:Its time that.,在that从句中,谓语动词应用过去时态。四维热练完成句子for her to have a new baby,and for the young panda to be independent.该是她生小宝宝的时候了,也该是小熊猫独立的时候了。(2016四川卷,语法填空)It was time it was also time -42-重点短语难点句型高频单词4.I havent seen Mr Jenkins since I left school but I often thin
40、k about him.(Page 40)我毕业以来一直没见过詹金斯先生,但我经常想起他。since引导时间状语(从句)的句型(1)句中I havent seen.since.是一个含有since的句型,表示“自从以来我没见过”。(2)since用以引导时间状语从句,表示“自从以来”,主句应用现在完成时态,since从句用一般过去时态。(3)类似地,句型“It is/has been+一段时间+since.”表示“自从有多长时间了”。-43-重点短语难点句型高频单词四维热练单句语法填空Since March 2012,I (do) 89 tripsof those,51 have been a
41、broad.(2016全国卷,阅读理解C篇)My son Jody (hate) school since day one in kindergarten.(2016天津卷,阅读理解B篇)It is two weeks you came to our school and you are going to return to England soon.(2016天津卷,书面表达)have done has hated since -44-重点短语难点句型高频单词5.The government should have put more money towards science educati
42、on.(Page 40)政府本应该给自然科学的教育多拨些款。should have done句型should have done表示“本该做而未做”,许多情态动词和have done搭配表示特定的意义:(1)could have done“可能已做了;本来能做”。(2)might have done“可能已做了;本来可以做”。(3)must have done“一定已做了”。(4)need have done“本需要做而未做”。(5)couldnt have done“不可能已做了”。(6)shouldnt have done“本不该做而做了”。(7)neednt have done“本不必做
43、而做了”。-45-重点短语难点句型高频单词四维热练完成句子Sure,I her,but something prevented me from doing so.当然,我本来是能问问她的,但某件事却阻止我而没能这么做。(2017天津卷,阅读理解B篇)I for ten minutes.我一定谈了有十分钟。(2016江苏卷,完形填空)You at the hotel.I could put you up.你本不必住宾馆,我可以为你提供住宿。could have asked must have talked neednt have stayed -46-重点短语难点句型高频单词Its now so slippery that you cant ride back home.So it is!I my bike here.现在很滑,你无法骑车回家了。是很滑,我本不该骑车来这儿的。Dad dinner with us,but he wasnt available.爸爸本来是可以和我们一起吃晚饭的,但他没有空。shouldnt have ridden could have had
