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1、Unit 4EarthquakeLearningaboutlanguageDiscovering useful words and expressions1Findthecorrectwordorexpressionforeachofthefollowingmeanings.1._ofnouse2._allthepeopleinacountry3._alotof4._matterthatnotclean5._finished6._verygreatindegree7._immediatelyuselessnationagreatnumberofdirtatan endextremerighta
2、way8._gasthathotwatergivesout9._makesomeonefeelverysurprised10._metalbarsthatatrainmovesalong11._savesomethingorsomebodyfromdanger12._thepartofabuildingleftaftertheresthasbeendestroyedsteamshocktrackrescueruin2 What words would be used when we talk about earthquakes?EarthquakesFeelingssadnervouslone
3、lydamageshomesmoneyRescue workdoctorsnursessoldierseventsSanFranciscoTangshanWenchuanbuildingslives Itwasafrighteningnight.Thedamcrackedandthen_undertheweightofthewater.Thewaterwentalloverthefieldsand_quiteafewvillagesalongtheriver.burstdestroyed3 Complete the passage with words from the text. Someb
4、uildingswerein_andsomefarmerswere_atthetopoftheirhouses.Thewaterfilledthecanalsandthe_.Deadbodiesand_animalswereseeneverywhere.Peoplewere_,buttheyhadto_deadbodiesforhealthreasons.Itwasaverysadtime.ruinstrappedwellsinjuredshockedbury4 Work in groups. Read some of the sentences and complete the others
5、. Whentheearthquakecame,itwasasiftheworldwasatanend.Whenthehousesfelldown,itsoundedasif_. amountainhadblownupWhenthedambroke,itlookedasiftheseahadarrivedsuddenlyonourdoorstep.Whenthebrickscoveredtheground,itwasasif_.Whenthecoalminesfell,thegroundabovelookedasifitwouldcrack.Whenthecowsrandowntheroad,
6、theylookedasif_.stoneswereflowinglikewatertheyweredrivenbyanunseenhandWhentheshockhitus,wefeltasifweweregoingtodie.Whenthenationturnedtohelpusinourneed,itseemedasif_.allChinawasthinkingofusandwascomingtoouraidGrammar TheAttributiveClauseDeclanisafamoussinger.Hesingsthesongtell me why.Declanisafamous
7、singerwhosingsthesongtell me why.Heisalittleboy.Heiseating.Heisalittleboywhoiseating.Heisapopularsingerwhosesongispopularamongyoungpeople.HeisafamoussingerwhoisfromTaiwan.谁笑到最后谁笑得最好。谁笑到最后谁笑得最好。结局好结局好,一切都好。一切都好。真正的友谊犹如健康的身体真正的友谊犹如健康的身体,失去时失去时方知其可贵。方知其可贵。ProverbsFriendshipislikehealth,thevalueofwhichi
8、sseldomknownuntilitislost.Alliswellthatendswell.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.修饰主语、宾语、表语的句子就叫做修饰主语、宾语、表语的句子就叫做定语从句。定语从句。引导定语从句的关联词有：引导定语从句的关联词有：定语从句定语从句关系代词：关系代词：who,whomwhose,which,that关系副词：关系副词：when,where定语从句的位置定语从句的位置定语从句一定放在被修饰成分之后。定语从句一定放在被修饰成分之后。e.g.Thisisthecarwhich he bought last year.先行词先行词定语从句
9、定语从句Doyouknowtheman?Hespokejustnow. Doyouknowthemanwho spoke just now?appletheredthegreenthesmallthebigTheapplewhichisredismine.Theapplewhichisgreenisyours.Theapplewhichisredissmall.Theapplewhichisgreenisbig.Ihavereadthenewspaper.Itcarriestheimportantnews. Ihavereadthenewspaperwhich carries the impo
10、rtant news.Ishowedhimtheletter.Ireceiveditthismorning. Ishowedhimtheletter(which) I received this morning.引导定语从句的关系代词引导定语从句的关系代词thatwhichwhowhomwhoseThat即指人又指物即指人又指物,作主语或宾语。作主语或宾语。Which指物指物,作主语或宾语。作主语或宾语。who,whom指人指人,who作主语作主语,whom作宾语。作宾语。that,which,whom在定语从句中在定语从句中作宾语时作宾语时,可省去。可省去。Whom指人指人,在从句中作宾语，
11、可省略。在从句中作宾语，可省略。e.g.Doyouknowtheman(whom) we saw at the Beijing Hotel?ThegirlisfromAmerica.Icalledherjustnow. Thegirl(whom)I called just nowisfromAmerica.1.that在从句中作主语或宾语，指人和物。在从句中作主语或宾语，指人和物。1)Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.2)ThenoodlesthatIcookedweredelicious.3)Letsaskthemanthatisreadingthebookoverthe
12、re.4)ThegirlthatwesawyesterdayisJimssister.(主语主语)(宾语宾语)(主语主语)(宾语宾语)2.Which在从句中作主语或宾语，指物。在从句中作主语或宾语，指物。1)Theyplantedthetreeswhichdidnt2)needmuchwater.(主语主语)2)Thefishwhichweboughtwerenotfresh.(宾语宾语)3.who,whom在从句中分别作主语和在从句中分别作主语和宾语宾语(口语中口语中who也可作宾语也可作宾语)。1)Theforeignerwhovisitedourschool2)yesterdayisfr
13、omCanada.(主语主语)2)TheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledMichael.(主语主语)3)ThepersontowhomyoujusttalkedisMr.Li.(宾语宾语)4)Mr.Readistheprofessortowhomyoushouldwrite.(宾语宾语)4.whose在从句中作定语，指人或在从句中作定语，指人或物。物。1)MissFloweristheteacherwhosehousecaughtfirelastweek.2)2)Thisistheboywhosecompositiontheteachertalkedof.3)Thisi
14、sthebookwhosecoverisblue.that和和which在指物的情况下一般在指物的情况下一般都可以互换，但在下列情况下，一般用都可以互换，但在下列情况下，一般用that而不用而不用which。Iamsureshehassomething(that)youcanborrow.(1)先行词为先行词为all,everything,nothing,(2)something,anything,little,much等等(3)不定代词时。不定代词时。NoteThisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim
15、.(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。(4)先行词被先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。修饰时。Ivereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.(2)先行词被先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修饰时。等修饰时。Thebossinwhosecompanymyfatherworkedisaverykindperson.1.关系代词关系代词whose还可以在从句中还可以在从句中2.与它所修饰的词一起作介词宾语。与它所修饰的词一起作介词宾语。Note2.当先行词是当先行词
16、是one,ones,anybody,anyone,all,none,those等等,指人时一般用指人时一般用who,不用不用that.Thosewhowanttogotothecinemawillhavetowaitatthegateoftheschool.在以疑问词在以疑问词who开头的句子中开头的句子中,或关系代或关系代词在从句中作表语时词在从句中作表语时,用用that,不用不用who。Whoisthemanthatisshoutingthere?Sheisnotthegirlthatsheusedtobe.3.先行词是人，从句中缺动词宾语或先行词是人，从句中缺动词宾语或介词宾语时，用介词
17、宾语时，用whom或或that(介词介词后不用后不用that)。Theteacherwantstoreturnthebooktothegirlfromwhomheborrowedit.Heisthestudent(whom,who,that)youwanttosee.关系代词关系代词that,which,whom在从句中作在从句中作宾语时可省略掉。但放在介词后面时则宾语时可省略掉。但放在介词后面时则不可省略。不可省略。1.Thefamousbasketballstar,_triedtomakeacomeback,attractedalotofattention.A.whereB.whenC.w
18、hichD.whoKey解析解析:本题考察定语从句关联词的选择本题考察定语从句关联词的选择,从句意可知先行词从句意可知先行词thefamousbasketballstar(著名的篮球明星著名的篮球明星)是人，所以应用是人，所以应用表示人的关联词表示人的关联词who。真题解析真题解析D2.(2006北京北京)Women_drinkmorethantwocupsofcoffeeadayhaveagreaterchanceofhavingheartdiseasethanthose_dont.A.who;/B./;whoC.who;whoD./;/解析解析:本题考查两个定语从句本题考查两个定语从句,这
19、两个这两个定语从句都缺少主语定语从句都缺少主语,在定语从句中在定语从句中,如果是关系代词做定语从句的主语如果是关系代词做定语从句的主语,关系代词不能省略关系代词不能省略,故答案选故答案选C。C3.(2006福建福建)Lookout!Dontgettooclosetothehouse_roofisunderrepair.A.whoseB.whichC.ofwhichD.that解析解析:whose在定语从句中做在定语从句中做roof的的定语，用于修饰定语，用于修饰house。A4.-Isthatthesmalltownyouoftenreferto?-Right,justtheone_youkn
20、owIusedtoworkforyears.(2005福建福建)A.thatB.whichC.whereD.what解析解析:从句中从句中youknow是插入语是插入语,所以所以用用where引导表示地点的定语从句。引导表示地点的定语从句。C3.Thehouse_theybuiltin1987stayedupintheearthquake.Fill in the blanks with who, whom, that, which or whose.1.Theearthquake_hitthecityin1906wasthebiggestinAmericanhistory.2.Wedontkn
21、owthenumberofpeople_losttheirhomesin1906earthquake.that/whichthat/whowhich/that6.Harryistheboy_motherisourmathsteacher.4.Ahouse_isbuiltonsandmayfalldowninanearthquake.5.Luckilynoneofthepeople_Iknowwerekilledintheearthquake.which/thatwho/whom/thatwhose7.Lookatthatlady_nameisRose.8.Heisateacher_Ilikev
22、erymuch.9.Thosepictures_weredrawnbyTomarenice.10.Those_willgototheparkstayhere.11.Thatwasallthemoney_Ihad.whosewhom/who/thatwhich/thatwhothat12.Isthereanyonehere_nameisTom?13.Theytalkedforaboutanhourofthingsandpersons_theyrememberedintheschool.14.Who_hascommonsensewilldosuchathing.15.Idontknowtheway
23、_heworkedout.16.Thepersonto_youjusttalkedisMr.Li.whosethatthatthat/inwhichwhom1.Itisreportedthattwoschools,_arebeingbuiltinmyhometown,willopennextyear.(2007四川四川)A.theybothB.whichbothC.bothofthemD.bothofwhich2.Weshouldntspentourmoneytestingsomanypeople,mostof_arehealthy.(2007北京北京)A.thatB.whichC.whatD
24、.whom高考链接高考链接DD3.Hewaseducatedatthelocalhighschool,_hewentontoBeijingUniversity.(2007江苏江苏)A.afterwhichB.afterthatC.inwhichD.inthat4.Thethoughtofgoingbackhomewas_kepthimhappywhilehewasworkingabroad(2007上海上海)A.thatB.allthatC.allwhatD.whichAB5.ChansrestaurantonBakerStreet,_usedtobepoorlyrun,isnowasucce
25、ssfulbusiness.(2007浙江浙江)A.thatB.whichC.whoD.where6.Humanfacialexpressionsdifferfromthoseofanimalsinthedegree_theycanbecontrolledonpurpose.(2007重庆卷重庆卷)A.withwhichB.towhichC.ofwhichD.forwhichBB7.Lastweek,onlytwopeoplecametolookatthehouse,_wantedtobuyit.(2007安徽安徽)A.noneofthemB.bothofthemC.noneofwhomD.n
26、eitherofwhom8.Ericreceivedtrainingincomputerforoneyear,_hefoundajobinabigcompany.(2007辽宁辽宁)A.afterthatB.afterwhichC.afteritD.afterthisDB9.Yesterdayshesoldhercar,_sheboughtamonthago.(2008浙江浙江)A.whomB.whereC.thatD.whichD1.Underthebigtreeare34students,manyofthemcomefromclasstwo.2.Mymotherhasagoodbook,w
27、hichcoverlooksterrible.3.Whoaretheyounggirlswhoarehavingdinnerintherestaurant?改错whomwhosethat4.Sheisoneofthegirlswhoisveryinterestedinmaths.5.Tomistheonlyoneoftheboyswholikeplayingfootball.6.Whoisthegirlthatyoutalkedtoherjustnow?7.Thereisanoldwoman,thatisholdingastick.arewholikesHomework1.Finishtheexercisesonpage29.2.ReadthepassageonPage64.Completethesentencesbelow,usingwho,whom,which,thatorwhose.
