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1、1. produce(名词名词) producer 2. breathe (名词名词) breath 3. manage (同义词同义词) try 4. soil (近义词近义词) earth 5. waste (反义词反义词) save 6. harm (形容词形容词) harmful 7. die (名词名词) death (形容词形容词) dead 8. none (反义词反义词) all9. downstairs (反义词反义词) upstairs 10. both (反义词反义词) neither 11. change (形容词形容词) changeable 12. rubbish
2、(同义词同义词) litter 13.pleasant (反义词反义词) unpleasant 14. behave (名词名词) behavior 15.steal (过去式过去式) stole (过去分词过去分词) stolen 16. pollute (句词句词) pollution 17. completely (形容词形容词) complete 18.recycle(动名词动名词) recycling 19. organization(动词动词) organize 20.move(名词名词) movement 21.electricity(形容词形容词) electric 22. p
3、rotect(名词名词) protection23. environment(形容词形容词) environmental 重点词形变换重点词形变换 重点词组重点词组1. what a mess! 2.what a shame!3.see sb do sth 4.see sb doing sth 5. pour. into . 6.There be sb./sth.doing sth 7.have /get a pain in 8.produce terrible gas 9.be harmful to =do harm to 10.quite a few 11. no better than
4、12.Its reported/said that 13.have hearing loss=lose ones hearing 14. go deaf 15.feel uncomfortable 16.cause sb to do sth 17. all sorts of 18.disturb others 重点词组重点词组19.in noisy conditions 20.with the development of 21.cause high blood pressure 22blow /wash away 23 turn into = change into 24.cut down
5、25stop / prevent /keep(from) doing sth. 26die out 27.in a good / bad mood 28.cant bear /stand doing sth 29.destroy the environment 30come to realize 31.something useful /important 32.refer to 33.care for = look after = take care of 34.take away 35.the shortage of water=be short of water 36.avoid doi
6、ng sth 重点词组重点词组 37.environmental protection 38.be covered with 39.spread message about 40.work for 41.both sides of 42.travel a short distance 43. ought to do sth =be supposed to do sth. 44.shut off 45.after all 46.run out 47.be in danger of (doing) sth. 48.plenty of 49.be used for doing sth 50.pick
7、 the litter up 51.run the car 发动汽车发动汽车 52.take up a lot of space 占据许多空间占据许多空间现在完成时与一般过去时的区别现在完成时与一般过去时的区别现在完成时与一般过去时的区别现在完成时与一般过去时的区别1.一般过去时一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作。说话的侧重点只在于陈述一件过或经常发生的动作。说话的侧重点只在于陈述一件过去的事情，不强调对去的事情，不强调对“现在现在”产生的影响。产生的影响。 现在完成现在完成时时表示动作发生在过去，对现在造成了影响或产生了表示动作
8、发生在过去，对现在造成了影响或产生了结果。结果。2.一般过去时的一般过去时的谓语动词谓语动词用过去式，而现在完成时的用过去式，而现在完成时的谓谓语语基本构成是基本构成是“助动词助动词have /has +过去分词过去分词”。如：。如： 3.一般过去时通常与表示过去的时间通常与表示过去的时间状语状语连用。如：连用。如：yesterday, last week, two years ago, just now, in 2002等；而等；而现在完成时现在完成时则常与则常与just, already, ever, never等副词和等副词和these days, this week, since.,
9、for.等表示一段时间的状语连用等表示一段时间的状语连用 语法要点一语法要点一 (一一) 不定代词：不定代词： 指人：指人：someone/ somebody anyone/ anybody no one/ nobody everyone/everybody 指物：指物：something / anything / nothing / everything（二）不定副词（二）不定副词: 指地点：指地点：somewhere anywhere nowhere everywhere（三）用法：（三）用法：1some-复合代词复合代词/副词常用于肯定句副词常用于肯定句； 如：如：I saw someo
10、ne in the room. 我看见房间里有人。我看见房间里有人。2any-复合代词复合代词/副词常用于否定句或疑问句副词常用于否定句或疑问句； 如：如：I didnt see anyone in the room. 我没看见有人在房间里。我没看见有人在房间里。3no- 复合代词复合代词/副词表全否定；副词表全否定； 如：如：I saw nobody in the room. 我看见房间里没有人。我看见房间里没有人。4every- 复合代词复合代词/副词代替全部副词代替全部； 如：如：Everyone is here. 大家都在这儿。大家都在这儿。5. some-复合代词复合代词/副词用于疑
11、问句中时，表希望得到对方的肯定回答或表副词用于疑问句中时，表希望得到对方的肯定回答或表请求；请求； 如：如：Would you like something to drink? 你要点喝的东西吗？你要点喝的东西吗？语法要点二语法要点二6. any-复合代词复合代词/副词用于肯定句时，表副词用于肯定句时，表“任何任何”； 如：如：If people spit anywhere in public, they should be punished. 如果人们在公众的任何地方吐痰，他们应该受罚。如果人们在公众的任何地方吐痰，他们应该受罚。 7. 不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；不定代词作主语时
12、，谓语动词用单数形式； 如：如：No one knows this secret. 没有一人知道这个秘密。没有一人知道这个秘密。 Everything goes well. 一切进展顺利。一切进展顺利。8. 如果有定语修饰如果有定语修饰,定语应放在不定代词或不定副词后；定语应放在不定代词或不定副词后； 如：如：I have something important to tell you 我有重要的我有重要的事告诉你。事告诉你。9. no= not any nobody = not anybody; nothing = not anything She didnt say anything. =
13、 She said nothing. 她什么也没说。她什么也没说。 There is nobody strange here. = There isnt anybody strange here.这儿没有一个陌生人。这儿没有一个陌生人。 语法要点二语法要点二语法要点三语法要点三辨析辨析and ,or , while, but。and表示并列或对等关系的连词。 Or表示否则。but和和while是表示转折意义的连词，是表示转折意义的连词，but所所表表达的达的转折转折程度较大，常用相对或相反的。程度较大，常用相对或相反的。While表示轻微的转折，其实质是两种事物表示轻微的转折，其实质是两种事物
14、或情况的或情况的对比对比。1.None of us likes pollution. None of. ；.None可指人或物；可指人或物；3.None用来回答用来回答How many/much的问句。的问句。 .No one=Nobody,只能指人；只能指人；.后不能加后不能加of短语；短语；3.no one 用来回答用来回答who的问句。的问句。 no one和和nobody可用可用else修饰；修饰；none不能。不能。 eg.Nobody/No one else knows him here. None of the students likes him because he alwa
15、ys disturbs others in class.2. What bad weather! 感叹句的句型结构：感叹句的句型结构： What+a/an+adj.+n.(可数单数可数单数)（+主语主语+谓语）谓语）! . What a clever boy(he is)! What+adj.+n.(可数复数可数复数/不可数不可数)（+主语主语+谓语）谓语）! What beautiful flowers(they are)! How+adj./adv.! How interesting/quickly! How+adj./adv.+the+n+谓语！谓语！ How clever the bo
16、y is! How+adj./adv.+主语主语+谓语！谓语！How heavily it rained!考点精讲考点精讲3.However, not all people know noise is also a kind of pollution and is harmful to humans health.部分否定部分否定Not与与all/both/every连用连用:不是每个人不是每个人/所有人都所有人都 eg. Not everybody likes watching TV.全部否定全部否定None, neither, no one, nothing, nobody eg. Not
17、hing is difficult for me. Neither of the brothers like(s) playing soccer.4. Whats worse, the factory makes too much noise and I cant sleep well at night. Whats worse/more too many+n.(pl.); too much+un.; much too+adj./adv. eg. There are too many people in the store. I have too much homework every day
18、. The store is much too crowded.考点精讲考点精讲（ ）1. Wow! So much delicious food! Will come to our hose? Yes. Your uncle is coming at once. A. nobody important B. important anybody C. anybody important（）（）2. Zhao Ning is a lovely boy, and in his class loves him. A. nobody B. everybody C. anybody（ ）3. The c
19、hild wants to iron gold. Its impossible. A. put; into B. look; into C. change; into（ ）4. Trees can also the sand from moving toward the rich land. A. stop B. keep away C. blow away（ ）5. How many lessons do you have on Saturday. - . We are free. A. None B. Nothing C. No one（ ）6. Cindy and I are twin
20、sisters, but I like singing she likes dancing. A. when B. or C. while（ ）7. Judy is hard-working and she always ask her teachers for help. , she made great progress in her study. A. In fact B. As a matter of fact C. As a result跟踪练习跟踪练习CBCAACC（ ）8. The increasing CO2 in the air has caused “the greenho
21、use effect”. It causes the level of the oceans and the climate of the earth . A. rising; changing B. to rise; to change C. to lift; to improve（ ）9.-Hi,Bob! I cant find my story book. Have you seen it? -Sorry, I havent. I have found it in your room. A. anywhere B. everywhere C. nowhere（ ）10.Dont worr
22、y about your English. I will do everything I can you with learning it. A. help B. helping C. to help（ ）11.As the environment on the earth is becoming worse and worse, many wild animals are completely. A. appearing B. dying out C. died out（ ）12. There are all kinds of dustbins in the street, so we sh
23、ouldnt throw rubbish . A. nowhere B. somewhere C. everywhere（ ）13. the sun was shining, it wasnt very warm. A. Although;/ B. Because;/ C. Although; but跟踪练习跟踪练习BBCBCA( )14. My English isnt good. Xiao Gang isnt good at English, either. Xiao Gangs English is mine. A. better than B. more than C. no bett
24、er than( )15. What ? You dont want to have a picnic there. Some factories has polluted the river the park. A. happened B. has taken place C. has happened( )16.-Whats wrong with you? -Ive caught a bad cold and Ive my throat. A. got a pain in B. got a bad mood in C. got to ( )17. There are many cars i
25、n the street and they produce terrible gas. Its difficult . A. for breathing B. to breathe C. to breath ( )18. You had better not work in that factory, because people may lose their if they often work in noisy conditions. A. hear B. to hear C. hearing( )19. Many rich lands has changed into deserts,
26、because farmers have many trees in order to grow crops in the fields. A. turn down B. cut down C. put down( )20. Look, ! the water in stream is so dirty. So it is. Everything here has been changed. A. What a shame B. What fun C. What a mess跟踪练习跟踪练习CCABCBA( )21. Many young people arent careful with t
27、heir health. Yes. teenagers go to school without breakfast. A. Quite a little B. So little C. Quite a few( )22. Many students bring mobile phones to the class and play them instead of listening to the teacher. School should solve these problems. A. take measures to B. take care of C. care for( )23.
28、Noise pollution can make people sick and deaf. , too much noise cause high blood pressure. A. What more B. Whats better C. Whats worse( )24. There are many kinds of pollution around us. They our health in many ways. A. do harm for B. are good for C. are harmful to( )25. We should protect our environ
29、ment in our city well. However, there is a paper factory waste water thee lakes and rivers. A . put; into B. pouring; into C. putting; into( )26.-You look pale and tired. Whats your trouble? -I havent been asleep for a few days because of noise. A. too much B. too many C. so little 跟踪练习跟踪练习CACCBA跟踪练
30、习跟踪练习( )27.Its a long story, but you can hardly find new words in it. Good! _ it will be too hard for children. A.SoB.And C.But D.Or( )28.He is tall, _ his son is short. A.whenB.or C.while D.and( ) 29.He is rich, _ he is happy, too. A.andB.so C.or D.but( )30.Xiao Li had an accident yesterday _ he is in No.1 Peoples Hospital now. A.but B.and C.orD.since( )31.Dont give up _ you will never succeed. A.andB.butC.whileD.orDCDBD
