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1、现在完成时现在完成时 现在完成时表示一个发生在过去的、对现在仍有影响的动作,或表示开始在过去,并且一直延续到现在,甚至还可能延续下去的动作。1)在完成时由“助动词have (has)+动词的过去分词”构成。2)表示发生在过去的对现在仍有影响的动作时,时间状语有:already, yet, just, once, twice , ever, never ,three times, before等。I have never seen such fine pictures before. 我以前从来没有看过这么好的画He has just gone to England.他刚去英国3)表示在过去开始
2、一直延续到现在(可能延续下去)的动作或状态时时间状语有:for (two years),since 1990, since (two weeks ago)和since引导的状语从句I have been away from my hometown for thirty years.我离开家乡有30年了 Uncle Wang _in the factory since it opened.has worked自从这家工厂开张,王叔叔一直在那儿工作4)口语中have got往往表示have(有)的意思。They have got thousands of books in their librar
3、y.他们图书馆有上万本书5)have been to与have gone to的区别have gone to“已经去了”表示人不在这里have been to“去过”表示人在这里-Where is Mr Li? He _ the UK.李先生在哪里?他去了英国。has gone to -Do you know something about Beijing? Yes , I _ Beijing three times.你知道北京的情况吗?是的,我去过那里三次。have been to6)在完成时中,一个瞬间性动词(一次性动作)不能与表示一段时间的状语连用,此时须将该瞬间动词改为延续性动词或状态
4、动词瞬间性动词瞬间性动词的的完成时完成时have(already)gone tohascome tohadleftarriveddiedbegunendedbroughtborrowedjoined 延续性动词或状态动延续性动词或状态动词的完成时词的完成时HaveHashadbeen in / at for (two yearssince (1990)been herebeen away frombeen inbeen deadbeen onbeen overhadkeptbeen in 或者下面句型It is / has been + (多久)+ since + 主语(人)+谓语(过去时)+
5、过去时间状语 注意注意 在其它的时态中也存在类似问题,记住,关键是:瞬间动词不能和表达一段时间的状语连用。How long may I keep the book?(这本书我能借多久?)(句子中keep取代了borrow) 用于现在完成时的句型 1)It is the first / second time. that结构中的从句部分,用现在完成时。It is the first time that I have visited the city. 这是我第一次访问这城市。 This is the first time (that) him sing. 这是我第一次听他唱歌。 I have h
6、eardIt was the third time that the boy had been late.(2) -Have you _ been to our town before? -No, its the first time I _ here. A. even, come B. even, have come C. ever, come D. ever, have come 答案D. ever意为曾经或无论何时,反意词为never,此两词常用于完成时。 注意:非延续性动词的否定形式可以与表示延续时间的状语连用。即动作不发生的状态是可以持续的。 (错)I have received h
7、is letter for a month. (对)I havent received his letter for almost a month. 2) This is +形容词最高级+that结构,that 从句要用现在完成时。This is the best film that Ive (ever) seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影。 例题(1) -Do you know our town at all? -No, this is the first time I _ here. A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming答案B. This is the first time 后面所加从句应为现在完成时,故选B。