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1、adjustpurchasesewparticipateoperatedonaterelevantsoftpoliticalremoteprivilege调整；调整； 使合适使合适购买购买缝制缝制参加参加工作；工作； 运转运转捐赠捐赠有关的有关的软的软的政治的政治的偏僻的偏僻的特权特权 hear from be dying to come across stick out dry up in need participate in接到接到的信的信渴望渴望; 极想极想碰到碰到伸出伸出 干透干透在困难中在困难中参加参加Words & phrases1. be dying to do / for s
2、th. 渴望做某事；迫切想要 She is dying to go abroad. Im dying for a glass of water.“渴望”的类似说法有：be thirsty for sth.; have a strong desire for sth.; desire to do sth.; long to do / for sth.be desperate to do sth/ for ath2. picture n. 图画 vt. 描绘；想象=imagineThe artist pictured her as a Spanish dancer.I cant quite pic
3、ture myself as a mother. 词性转换在阅读中常有出现map：绘地图、作图 head：向前进 hand：手 传递，交 water：浇水book：预订 dry: 使干燥 3. Thanks for your letter, which took a fortnight to arrive. “花费时间金钱干某事”的常用句型： It takes sb. time to do sth. It costs sb. money to do sth. sth. costs sb money sb. spends time / money (in) doing sth. / on sth
4、. sb. pays money for sth It will cost you $50 to fly to Paris. She spends two hours (in) watching TV every day. 4. adapt (oneself) to: change sthin order to make it suitable，for a new use，etc适应，适合 We had to adapt quickly to the new system 我们不得不迅速适应新制度。 When you go to a new country，you must adapt you
5、rself to new manners and customs 注意：adapt也可表示“改编，改写”，其搭配如下： 1)adapt sthfor 改写为用，改编为适合 It is hard to adapt this story for children (the film) 要将这部小说改编为适合小孩子(电影)很困难。 2)be adapted from由改编 This play is adapted from a novel常见含有常见含有to 的短语归纳如下：的短语归纳如下：be used to 习惯于习惯于be related to 与与相关相关 lead to 导致，通向导致，通
6、向devote oneself to 献身于献身于give rise to 引起引起look forward to 盼望盼望 pay attention to 注意注意 contribute to 为为做贡献做贡献access to 接近，进入接近，进入(某地的某地的)方法方法 be accustomed to 习惯于习惯于 be addicted to 沉溺于，嗜好沉溺于，嗜好 5for sure certainly so 肯定如此，毫无疑问肯定如此，毫无疑问She wont lend you any money，and thats for sure她不会借钱给你，那是确定无疑的。她不会借钱
7、给你，那是确定无疑的。 Hell be at the party，for sure毫无疑问，他会参加这次聚会的。毫无疑问，他会参加这次聚会的。 be sure ofabout确信，对确信，对有把握有把握 be sure of oneself有自信有自信 make sure确信，查明，核实确信，查明，核实 to be sure的确，诚然的确，诚然(作插入语用作插入语用) He works slowly，to be sure，but he does a good job 6. imaginative adj. 富有想象力的富有想象力的,爱想象的爱想象的 an imaginative child/w
8、riterimaginary adj.想象中的想象中的,假想的假想的 imagine v.设想设想imaginable adj.可想象的可想象的 image n.雕像雕像,肖像肖像imagination n. 想象力想象力 a man of rich imagination词语辨析：词语辨析：imaginative: showing new and exciting ideas富于想象力的；创新的富于想象力的；创新的 We need imaginative people to put new energy into the teamimaginary: existing only in you
9、r mind or imagination想象中的想象中的 The story is wholly imaginaryimaginable：(与形容词最高级或与与形容词最高级或与all，every连用，表示强调或概括连用，表示强调或概括)想想象得到的；可想象的象得到的；可想象的 The house has the most beautiful views imaginable7come across :(偶然偶然)遇见，碰见，发现遇见，碰见，发现(无被动语态无被动语态) =to meet or find by chanceI came across children sleeping unde
10、r the bridgecome upon 偶然遇见偶然遇见=happen to meet = meet with 与与come相关的短语：相关的短语：come along 快点快点,来吧来吧come aroundcome back回来回来,折回折回come from 来自来自, 从从来来come off 从从离开离开, 脱落脱落come out 出来出来, 出版出版come up 走过来走过来, 走近走近come over 过来过来come to 来到来到, 结果是结果是, 苏醒苏醒8Sometimes l wonder how relevant chemistry is to these
11、students，most of whom will be going back to their villages after Year 8 anyway.1)relevant 有关的；有实际重要性的有关的；有实际重要性的 (be relevant to sth.sb) His age is not relevant to whether he is a good teacher他的年龄与他是否是一位好老师无关。2)will be doing将来进行时，表示将来某个时候将来进行时，表示将来某个时候正在发生的动作。如：正在发生的动作。如：Im sure l will be studying i
12、n a university next September我相信下一年的9月我会正在大学里学习。 9. wonder用法归纳：用法归纳： wonder at对感到惊讶惊奇 Everybody wonders at his doing that wonder about，对感到疑惑 Dont you wonder about his reasons for wanting money? 难道你对他缺钱的理由不感到怀疑吗?wonder to do对做某事感到惊讶We wondered to see her there看到她在那儿，我们很惊奇。wonder+that从句对事情感到奇怪吃惊 Can y
13、ou wonder that they refused?他们拒绝了，你(会)感到奇怪吗wonder wh词+to do 想知道(常译为“不知道”)wonder wh-if+从句 想知道(常译为“不知道”)I was wondering where to spend the weekendI wonder if you are free this afternoon(It is) no wonder+ (that) 从句：难怪，怪不得，不足为奇No wonder that he has passed the examination10Tombes father, Mukap, led us to
14、 his house，a low bamboo hut with grass sticking out of the roof 他的父亲领我们到他的房子，一个低矮的小竹屋,草伸出屋顶。 stick out伸出 stick with保持密切关系;继续支持 stick to坚持，维持 Its rude to stick out your tongue at others对别人吐舌头是不礼貌的。 I will stick with my friends through thick and thin我与朋友患难与共。 He promised to help us and he stuck to his
15、 word他答应过帮助我们，他没有失信。11. Tombe told me that the can was heated to dry out the leftover food. They believe that any leftovers attract evil spirits in the night, so the food is dried up in the can and dry out (使)变干，干透 Water the plant regularly, never letting the soil dry out. dry up (河流，湖泊等)干枯，(使)完全变干
16、During the drought the river dried up. The writers long separation from outside dried up his imagination.12.The hut was dark inside so it took time for our eyes to adjust. adjust vi. 适应适应 He adjusted quickly to the heat of India. adjust vt. 调整调整; 整理整理 He adjusted his tie before entering the hall. ad
17、justable adj.可调整的可调整的 adjustment n.调整调整 13. It was such a privilege to have spent a day with Tombes family. privilege 殊荣殊荣 It was a privilege to make his acquaintance. privilege 还表示还表示“特权特权”、“权利权利” Only members have the privilege to use the ground. the privilege of citizenship/ equality 公民权公民权/平等权平等
18、权14. concept n. 概念概念; 思想思想; 观念观念 New Concept English I have no concept of doing Chemistry experiment.15. get through 到达到达; 完成完成; 通过通过; 打通电话打通电话 The message got through to us at all. get through ones workShe got through the examination. I called him many times but I couldnt get through. 16. participa
19、te in= take part in Every year more and more people participate in voluntary work.17. otherwise adv. 否则否则;不然不然Youll have to go now, otherwise youll miss the bus. say/ decide/suggest/think otherwise 说的/决定建议/认为并非如此The government claims that the economy is improving, but this survey suggests otherwise.
20、He was tired but otherwise(但其它方面) in good health.We welcome any comments from viewers favourable or otherwise(或相反).1. Find words in the unit that have the following meanings.1.to change slightly to make something work better2.a metal shelf for cooking meat, toasting bread, etc3.connected with what i
21、s being done or discussed4.an idea5.an honour6.something that has been organized7.written work in an office, such as writing reports or letters8.to breathe air into your nose noisilyadjustgrillrelevant paperworkprivilege arrangement conceptsniff2. Complete the paragraph with the words or phrases bel
22、ow in their proper forms.Sharon looked at herself in the mirror and sighed. She had posted the _ letter to Tim last week but had had no reply. She smoothed her hair down with a wet comb, wiped her _ shoes, and thought about the three months she had known him. He was the nicest boy she had ever met,
23、_ she would not airmailmuddyotherwise airmail be dying to adjust muddy hear from fortnight platform remoteotherwisehave fallen in love with him. She still remembered that he _ quickly when he heard she came from a _ village. At first she had _ him every week but now she had not heard for a _ . Why?
24、She had decided to find out. She walked down the _ to catch the train to New York feeling both excited and nervous. She _ see him again but what if he didnt want to see her?adjustedremoteheard fromfortnightplatformotherwise airmail be dying to adjust muddy hear from fortnight platform remotewas dyin
25、g to Revision of Restrictive Attributive Clause 限定性定语从句复习限定性定语从句复习1. 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从定语从句句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词先行词。2. 引导定语从句的关系代词关系代词有：which, that, who, whom, whose和as。其作用是：引导定语从句代替先行词在定语从句中充当一定成分。3. 引导定语从句的关系副词关系副词有：where, when, why。可替换成：介词+关系代词。注：1.介词提前时一般只用which和whom。2.whose+名词=the+名词+of which/ of w
26、hom先行词是物先行词是人定语地点状语时间状语原因状语主宾主宾关系代词which thatwhowhomwhose关系副词wherewhenwhy二、关系词的用法：二、关系词的用法：（一）关系代词的用法（一）关系代词的用法：1 1、作、作、作、作主语主语主语主语用用用用who, whichwho, which和和和和that, that, 如：如：如：如： He is the man He is the man who/that who/that lives next door.lives next door. The train The train which/thatwhich/that
27、has just left is for Shenzhen. has just left is for Shenzhen.2 2、作、作、作、作宾语宾语宾语宾语用用用用whom, who, which, that, whom, who, which, that, 如：如：如：如： The man The man (whom/who/that)(whom/who/that) we have just seen is a famous writer. we have just seen is a famous writer. Where is the book Where is the book
28、(which/that) (which/that) I bought last I bought last week?week?注注：在在非非正正式式文文体体中中，关关系系代代词词作作宾宾语语时时，用用于于指指人人的的who whom, that和和用用于于指指物物的的which和和that通通常常可可以以省省略略；但但在在介介词词提提前前时时,或或在在非限定性定语从句中，关系代词即使作宾语也不可省略。非限定性定语从句中，关系代词即使作宾语也不可省略。3 3、作、作、作、作定语定语定语定语用用用用whose, whose, 如如如如： (a) He is the man (a) He is t
29、he man whosewhose car was stolen last week. car was stolen last week. (b) It was a meeting whose importance I did not realize at that time. (b) It was a meeting whose importance I did not realize at that time.4 4、作、作、作、作表语表语表语表语只用只用只用只用that that ，它既可以指人，也可以指物，但时常省略。，它既可以指人，也可以指物，但时常省略。，它既可以指人，也可以指物，
30、但时常省略。，它既可以指人，也可以指物，但时常省略。 He is no longer the manHe is no longer the man that that he used to be.he used to be. This is no longer the dirty place This is no longer the dirty place (that) (that) it used to be.it used to be.注注注注：“whose +名名词词中中心心词词”这这一一结结构构在在定定语语从从句句中中既既能能作作主主语语（如如上上a句句），又又能能作作宾宾语语（如如
31、上上b句句）。whose 的的先先行行词词常常用用来来指指人人，但但有有时时也也可可以以用用来来指指具具体体事事物物或或抽抽象象概概念念，这这时时可可以以与与of which 结结构互换，词序是：构互换，词序是：“名词名词+of which”，如：，如： They They came came to to a a househouse whose whose back back wallwall had had broken broken down. down. (= (= the the back wall of which)back wall of which) Hes Hes writt
32、en written a a bookbook the the name name of of which which Ive Ive completely completely forgotten. forgotten. (=(= whose name whose name) )难点难点:as引导限定性定语从句，指代被引导限定性定语从句，指代被 the same, such, as, so 等修饰的名词等修饰的名词Dont talk about such things as you dont understand.Were facing the same problems as we did
33、 years ago.It is as pleasant a film as I have ever seen.Here is so big a stone as no one can lift.比较：比较：Here is so big a stone that no one can lift it.（结果状语从句）（结果状语从句）关系代词的用法练习关系代词的用法练习1.The eggs were not fresh. I bought them yesterday.2.The friend was not hungry. He came to supper last night.3.He p
34、refers the cheese. It comes from his parents farm. 4.The noodles were delicious. You cooked them. 5.I dont like the people. They smoke a lot. The eggs (that/which) I bought them were not fresh. The friend who/ that he came to supper last night was not hungry. He prefers the cheese that / which it co
35、mes from his parents farm.The noodles( which/ that )you cooked them were delicious.I dont like the people that / who they smoke a lot.注注：定语从句关系代词已经代替先行词在从句中定语从句关系代词已经代替先行词在从句中充当了某一成分，故从句中不能再出现该先行词。充当了某一成分，故从句中不能再出现该先行词。(1)宜用that引导的定语从句1）序数词或最高级形容词修饰先行词时，要用that。The first English novel that I read was
36、 A Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens.2)all, everything, nothing, something, anything 等不定代词作先行词时用that。Everything that we saw in the factory greatly interested us.3)人和物合作先行词时，要用that。We were talking about the persons and things that we remembered in our school.4)先行词前有the only, the very, the right,
37、the same等修饰时，要用that。It is the very skirt that suits me well.(2)宜用which引导的定语从句1)当定语从句的介词提前时，要用which。The house in which they lived last year has been rebuilt.2)引导非限制性定语从句时，要用which。He bought a railway ticket for the woman, which helped her a lot.5) 在疑问词who、which、what开头的句子中，要用that Whoever that is conten
38、t with a little progress cant make big achievements.6) 关系代词在定语从句中作表语只用that He is no longer the man that he used to be. This is no longer the dirty place (that) it used to be.(3)宜用as引导的定语从句1)先行词与such, the same连用或先行词本身就是the same, such时，要用as。Such people as you describe are rare nowadays. Would you like
39、 to buy the same pen as I have?2) 代替整个句子，在从句中作主语，而从句位于句首时，要用as。As is well known, the earth goes around the sun.(4) 宜用who引导的定语从句。当先行词是人称代词或是those, anyone等时，常用who。He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man. Those who were either fools or unfit for their offices could not see the cloth.（二）关
40、系副词的用法：（二）关系副词的用法：1、when 指指时时间间，在在从从句句中中作作时时间间状状语语，它它的的先先行行词词通通常常有：有：time, day, morning, night, week, year 等。如：等。如： I I still still remember remember the the time time whenwhen I I first first became became a a college college student.student. Do you know the date Do you know the date whenwhen Linco
41、ln was born? Lincoln was born?注注：when时时常常可可以以省省略略，特特别别是是在在某某些些句句型型和和某某些些时时间间状语中。例如：状语中。例如： Each time Each time he camehe came, he did his best to help us., he did his best to help us. But help never stopped coming from the day But help never stopped coming from the day she fell illshe fell ill. .2、w
42、here指指地地点点，在在从从句句中中作作地地点点状状语语。它它的的先先行行词词通通常常有有：place, spot, street, house, room, city, town, country等，如：等，如： This is the hotel This is the hotel wherewhere they are staying. they are staying. I forget the house I forget the house where where the Smiths lived.the Smiths lived. 注：注：where有时也可以省略。如：有时也可
43、以省略。如： This is the place (where) we met yesterday.3、why指原因或理由，它的先行词只有指原因或理由，它的先行词只有reason。 That is the reason That is the reason why why he is leaving so soon.he is leaving so soon. 注：注：why时常也可以省略。如：时常也可以省略。如： That is the real reason he did it.使用关系副词应注意下列几点：使用关系副词应注意下列几点：1、这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的、这三个关系副词
44、在意义上都相当于一定的介词介词+which结构：结构： when = on (in, at, during) + which;when = on (in, at, during) + which; where = in (at, on) + which; where = in (at, on) + which; why = for which. why = for which. 如：如：如：如： I was in Beijing on the day I was in Beijing on the day whenwhen (=on which)(=on which) he arrived.
45、he arrived. The office The office where where (=in which)(=in which) he works is on the third floor. he works is on the third floor. This is the chief reason This is the chief reason whywhy (=for which)(=for which) we did it. we did it.2、当当先先行行词词是是表表时时间间的的time, day等等和和表表地地点点的的place, house等时，一定要注意分析从
46、句的结构，等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时，关系词应该用如果缺少主语或宾语时，关系词应该用which或或that, 缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用when或或where，试比较：试比较： Ill Ill never never forget forget the the day day whenwhen my my hometown hometown was was liberated.liberated. Ill Ill never never forget forget the the days days which/thatwhich
47、/that we we spent spent together together last last summer.summer. His father works in a factory His father works in a factory wherewhere radio parts are made. radio parts are made. His His father father works works in in a a factory factory which/thatwhich/that makes makes radio radio parts.parts.温
48、馨提示：温馨提示： when和和where既既可可以以引引导导限限制制性性定定语语从从句句，也也可可以以引引导导非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句。而。而why 只能引导只能引导限制性定语从句限制性定语从句。 1.Ill never forget the days_ we worked together. 2.Ill never forget the days _ we spent together. 3.I went to the place I worked ten years ago. 4.I went to the place _ I visited ten years ago. 5.T
49、his is the reason _ he was late. 6.This is the reason _ he gave. when /in whichwhichwhere/ in whichwhichwhy/ for whichthat/which几种易混的情况几种易混的情况及物动词及物动词及物动词及物动词及物动词及物动词 1. 根据先行词来确定根据先行词来确定 This is the pot in which I boiled the milk. (boil milk in the pot) Yesterday we had a meeting, at which we discus
50、sed many problems. (discuss problems at the meeting) 1979 was the year in which my son was born. (my son was born in the year) This is the place in which I grew up. (grow up in the place) Thats the reason for which he dislikes me. (dislike me for the reason)(介词的确定方法介词的确定方法)介词介词 + which / whom2. 根据从句
51、中的谓语动词或形容词来确定根据从句中的谓语动词或形容词来确定The person to whom I complained is the manager.(complained to the person)The dog, of which he used to be afraid, is her favorite animal now. (be afraid of the dog)3. 根据从句所表达的意思来确定根据从句所表达的意思来确定Water, without which man cant live, is really important.4. 当介词和从句中的动词构成固定词组时，介
52、词不能前置当介词和从句中的动词构成固定词组时，介词不能前置The babies whom the nurses are looking after are very healthy.1. 介词介词 + which / whose + n.I often get up at six, at which time it is still very dark in winter.He is the man from whose house the pictures were stolen.2. 名词名词 + of + which / whomThis is the lady the son of w
53、hom is a famous writer. (= whose son)These people, the majority of whom are farmers, disagreed with the plan. The cake, half of which was eaten, was bought for Lilys birthday.3. 代词代词 + of + which / whom用于非限定性定语从句中表示数量。用于非限定性定语从句中表示数量。这些代词包括：这些代词包括：many, much, some, a few, most, all, both, none, eith
54、er, neitherThe old man has two sons, both of whom are doctors.There are a lot of books, none of which is mine.The two players, neither of whom reached the final, played well.The money, all of which has been given to the Hope project, was collected in the performance.The foreigners, most of whom have
55、 been to China for the first time, come from different countries.4. 数词数词 + of + which / whomI bought some books from the bookstore, five of which were English novels.In our factory there are 800 workers, 40 percent of whom are women.5. 形容词最高级形容词最高级+of + which / whomThere are many islands in China, t
56、he largest of which is Taiwan.She has six children, the cleverest of whom is John.2008 高考真题回顾高考真题回顾（山东卷）（山东卷）26. Occasions are quite rare _ I have the time to spend a day with my kids.A. whoB. whichC. whyD. when（江西卷）（江西卷）35. Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers _ consumer compla
57、ints have resulted in changes in the law.A. where B. whenC. who D. which（陕西卷）（陕西卷）8. Tomorrow is Toms birthday. Have you got any idea _ the party is to be held?A. what B. which C. that D. where1.Remember the language points and grammar focus in this unit.2.Finish exercises 1-4 on page 33.3.Finish exercises on page 71-72, in workbook
