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1、Lesson 76April Fools DayCalabria is a region in southern Italy.QuestionsontheText1.Whenwasthereaspecialnewsbulletinontelevision?OnApril1st.2.Howdidthebulletinend?Bygivingthedate,April1st.3.WhatisgrowninCalabria?Macaroni.4.Howlonghasitbeengrownthere?Forover600years.5.WhoareGiuseppeMoldovaandRiccardoB
2、rabante?Twooftheleadinggrowersinthearea.6.Whathavetheybeenexpectingthisyear?Asplendidcrop.7.Hasharvestingalreadybegun?Yes,ithas.8.Thefilmshowedtwoworkers,didntit?Yes,itdid.9.Whathadtheyjustfinishedcutting?Threecart-loadsofgoldenbrownmacaronistalks.10.Haveallthevillagersbeenworkingdayandnight?Yes,the
3、yhave.11.Whyhavetheybeenworkingdayandnight?BecausetheywanttofinishgatheringandthreshingthecropbeforetheSeptemberrains.12.Whosewifeappearedinthefilm?RiccardoBrabantes.13.Howlonghasshebeenhelpinghim?Forthirtyyears.14.Whowasshetalkingto?Themanagerofthelocalfactory.fool n.傻瓜傻瓜v.愚弄愚弄例:Onlyafoolwillbeliev
4、ehecanturnpapertomoney.AprilFoolsday愚人节makeafoolofsomeone愚弄某人，让某人出丑Anyfoolcanseeheisdrunk.傻瓜都看得出来他喝醉了。相关表达：foolishadj.傻的Bulletinn.1）（）（电台或台或电视台的）新台的）新闻简报News bulletin专题新新闻2）公告，布告）公告，布告A medical bulletin on the Presidents healthThe library bulletin is a good place to put up your tutorad.Announcer n.
5、主持人；（机主持人；（机场车站）广播站）广播员hostLeading adj. (无比无比较级、最高、最高级)1)一流的一流的,卓越的卓越的a leading universitythe leading countries of Europe 2) 主要的主要的; 主角的主角的,主演的主演的play the leading part roleDue to unhealthy food choices, the leading cause of death in North America is heart disease.gather1）gather sth (together/up) 收收拢
6、，归拢2）认为，猜想；推断；理解，猜想；推断；理解I gather from your letter that youre not enjoying your jobProcess n. & v.1) n. 过程；程；进程程Were in the process of selling our house.2) n. 工工艺流程；工序流程；工序Manufacturing processes3) v. 加工；加工；处理理我我们买的大部分食品都用某种方法加工的大部分食品都用某种方法加工过。Most of the food we buy is processed in some wayPresent
7、Adj.1). 当前的当前的In the present situation/case 在当前形在当前形势/情况下情况下目前我目前我们没有没有进一步消息一步消息We do not have any more information at the present time2) 出席出席 present at 只有少数人出席会只有少数人出席会议Only a few people were present at the meeting.Present n.up to the present至今至今,到目前到目前为止止at present = new现在在,目前目前Eg: Im sorry hes o
8、ut at presentSentencesandExpressionsToendourspecialnewsbulletin,目的状语表示“为了,以便”的目的状语从句可以由that,sothat,inorderthat等词引导。Youmustspeakloudersothat/inorderthatyoucanbeheardbyall.当从句主语与主句主语相同时，可用(inorder)to或soasto短语取代该目的状语从句。Hecamesoearlyinordertocatchthefirsttrain.Youcantry.Idliketoarrive20minutesearly_Ican
9、havetimeforacupoftea.A.assoonasB.asaresultC.incaseD.sothatwere going over to the macaroni fields of Calabria.（1）go over表示表示“往往走走过去去”，暗示中，暗示中间原有一段距离：我走到那个盲人身原有一段距离：我走到那个盲人身边，帮他帮他过马路。路。 I went over to the blind man to help him across the road. （2）field指指“（一（一块）田）田”、“块”，为可数可数名名词，常用复数：，常用复数： Many people
10、 are busy harvesting in the rice fields. 稻田里稻田里许多人正多人正忙着收割。忙着收割。field(活活动、研究的、研究的) 领域域,范范围ofthe field of medicinebe outside out of ones fieldMany scientists are working in this .Here you can see two workers who, between them, have just finished cutting three cartloads of golden brown macaroni stalks
11、.between作介作介词时含含义之一是之一是“作作为共同共同努力的努力的结果，果，协力力”：Between them they killed the snake.Between us we pulled down the tree.Between and Among1）between prep. 在（两者）之在（两者）之间 I picked up the receiver between two sticky finger. Can you tell the difference between Indian music and jazz?2）among prep. 在在中中间，被，被环绕（
12、指三者以上）（指三者以上）教堂位于群山之中。教堂位于群山之中。The church lies among mountains.Among those boys, Dan is the tallest.The whole village has been working day and night gathering and threshing this years crop before the September rains.rain n. 当当rain指指“雨季雨季”、“季季节性的雨性的雨”，尤，尤其是其是热带地区的雨季地区的雨季时，要用复数形式：，要用复数形式：the September
13、 rains 9月雨季月雨季harvesting has begun earlier than usual1）usual通常通常为形容形容词，表示，表示“通常的通常的”、“平常平常的的”、“惯常的常的”等：等： It was warm last Sunday, so I went and sat on the river bank as usual. as usual“像平常一像平常一样”、“照例照例”既可以作定既可以作定语，又可以作表，又可以作表语It is usual for him to sit up late at night. I parked the car at the usua
14、l place.我在往常那个地方停了我在往常那个地方停了车。2）usually 频率副率副词，表示，表示“平常平常”、“通常通常”：He usually gets up late.他通常起得晚。他通常起得晚。When do you usually have supper?ThewholevillagehasbeenworkingdayandnightgatheringandthreshingthisyearscropbeforetheSeptemberrains.Sheturnedasuitcaseintoabedandputthechildreninsideit,coveringthemwi
15、thalltheclothesshecouldfind.You can try.Thisisthemuseum_youvisitedafewdaysago?A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theoneGrammar 定定语从句从句限制性和非限制性定语从句限制性定限制性定语从句从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确。Thisisthehousewhichweboughtlastmonth.非限制性定非限制性定语从句从句是先行词的附加说明，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。Thehouse,whichweboughtlastmonth,isverynice.注意：关系代词
16、that和关系副词 why不能引导非限制性定语从句。Thetree,_isfourhundredyearsold,isveryfamoushere.Lighttravelsfasterthansound,_weallknow.Idecidedtobuyabirthdaypresentformymother,_livesaloneinthecountryside.Hesaidhewouldcometomyhousetoseemetomorrowafternoon,_Iwillhavesomeotherfriendstoplaytogether.ImtoflytoKunming,_itiswarm
17、inthisseason.Youcantry.whichaswhowhenwhereYoucantry.Theseareallthepictures_Ihaveseen.Thisistheverydictionary_isofgreathelp.ThisisthebestEnglishfilm_Ihaveeverseen.只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况:u在therebe句型中，只用that，不用which。u在不定代词，如：anything,nothing,theone,all,much,few,any,little等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。u先行词有theon
18、ly,thevery修饰时，只用that。u先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that。u先行词既有人，又有物时。SentencesandExpressionsTwooftheleadinggrowers,GiuseppeMoldovaandRiccardoBrabante,tellmethattheyhavebeenexpectingasplendidcropthisyearandharvestinghasbegunearlierthanusual.Grammar-现在完成在完成时1.动作发生在过去某一时刻并已结束，但该动作对现在产生了影响，与现在情况具有因果关系。Hehasturn
19、edoffthelight.2.动作开始于过去某一时刻，一直延续到现在，或可能还要继续下去。Hehaslivedheresince1978.Grammar-现在完成在完成时 (havehas done)与现在完成时连用的常用词语1.副词:already，just，ever，yet，never等IhavealreadyfinishedmyhomeworkHehasjusthadhismealHaveyoueversungthisEnglishsong？TheyhaventstartedyetWehaveneverheardofitGrammar-现在完成在完成时与现在完成时连用的常用词语2.si
20、nce(自从)：作介词，接一个时间点，如since1980，接“一段时间+ago”，如:sincethreeyearsago,sincetwomonthsago等。作连词，引导一个过去时态的时间状语从句。如：Wehaveknowneachothersincewewenttocollege.Grammar-现在完成在完成时与现在完成时连用的常用词语3.for：常跟一个时间段，指某个动作到现在为止已持续了多长时间。如：forthreeyears,forhalfanhour等。Grammar-现在完成在完成时与现在完成时连用的常用词语4.sofar(到目前为止):Wehaventhadanytrou
21、blesofar.5.uptountilnow(到现在为止):Ihaveheardnothingfromhimuptonow.Grammar-现在完成在完成时与现在完成时连用的常用词语6.induringthepastlastyears(在过去年中):InthepasttwoyearsIveseenhimlittle.Ihavebeenhereduringthelastmonth.7.Itswillbethefirsttime(second,third.)that:ItsthefirsttimeIvecomehere.ItllbethefirsttimeIvespokeninpublic.(E
22、nd)Grammar-现在完成在完成进行行时Itisrainingnow.Itbeganrainingtwohoursagoanditisstillraining.Howlonghasitbeenraining?Ithasbeenrainingfortwohours.现在完成进行时表示现在以前这一段时间里一直在进行的一个动作，这个动作可能仍然在进行，也可能停止了一会儿。Grammar-现在完成在完成进行行时与现在完成在完成时的用法比较(1) 现在完成时:谓语构成-“助动词have/has+过去分词”现在完成进行时:谓语构成-“助动词have/hasbeen+现在分词”(2) 现在完成进行时更强
23、调动作的延续性，它是现在完成时的强调形式。现在完成进行时比较生动，有时含有明显的感情色彩。Thisafternoon,Ihaveplayedbasketballforanhour.Ihavebeenplayingbasketballsince4thisafternoon.Ifeeltirednow.Tellthestory1.end-newsbulletin-viewers-taken-Calabria-macaroni-grownforover2.growers-expecting-cropthisyear-harvesting-earlierthanusual3.seetwoworkers-cuttingthreecartloads-macaronistalks4.wholevillage-dayandnight-gathering-threshing-rains5.Wifeofone-showntalkingto-localfactory-crop-processed6.Lastscene-endofharvest-competition7.Presentchampion-won-since1991
