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1、定语从句整理定语从句整理pptI will never forget the day on which / when I joined the army.关系副词：关系副词：when ,where, whyThis is the factory in which / where my father once worked.先行词不同先行词不同：限制性定语从句的先行词通常是名词或代：限制性定语从句的先行词通常是名词或代词，而非限制性定语从句的先行词除名词或代词外，还词，而非限制性定语从句的先行词除名词或代词外，还可以是可以是整个主句整个主句（此时，常用（此时，常用whichwhich或或asas
2、引导从句）。引导从句）。AllAllthatthatisneededisasupplyofoil.isneededisasupplyofoil.所需要的只是一些油而已。所需要的只是一些油而已。CarolsaidtheworkwouldbedonebyOctCarolsaidtheworkwouldbedonebyOctoberober, ,whichwhichpersonallyIdoubtedverymuch.personallyIdoubtedverymuch. 凯罗尔说工作可在凯罗尔说工作可在1010月前完工，这一点我个人深感怀月前完工，这一点我个人深感怀疑。疑。AsAshasbeena
3、nnounced,weshallhaveourhasbeenannounced,weshallhaveourfinalexamsnextweek.(2003finalexamsnextweek.(2003上海春上海春)我们我们将于下周举行期末考试，这一点刚才已经宣布了。将于下周举行期末考试，这一点刚才已经宣布了。句中句中asas是关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句，指代后是关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句，指代后面整个主句的内容。面整个主句的内容。 在限制性定语从句中，关系代词如果充当从句的宾在限制性定语从句中，关系代词如果充当从句的宾语可以省略；语可以省略；Isthisthebook(that/w
4、hich)youIsthisthebook(that/which)youarelookingfor?arelookingfor?这就是你要找的那本书这就是你要找的那本书吗？（关系代词吗？（关系代词that/whichthat/which充当从句的宾语，充当从句的宾语，可以省略）可以省略）而而非限制性定语非限制性定语从句中的关系代词是从句中的关系代词是不不能省的。能省的。TheresultoftheexperimentwasveryTheresultoftheexperimentwasverygoodgood, , whichwhichwehadntexpected.wehadntexpecte
5、d. 实验的结果非常好，这简直出乎我们的意料。实验的结果非常好，这简直出乎我们的意料。 (关系代词关系代词whichwhich在从句中充当在从句中充当expectexpect的宾语，的宾语，但因为引导的但因为引导的是非限制性定语从句，所以不能省略是非限制性定语从句，所以不能省略)译法不同：把句子翻译成汉语时，：把句子翻译成汉语时，限制性限制性定语从句中，通定语从句中，通常常先译从句先译从句后译先行词；而后译先行词；而非限制性非限制性定语从句中定语从句中则往往则往往相反相反。WearelivinginanageWearelivinginanagewhenwhenmanymanythingsare
6、doneoncomputer.(2003thingsaredoneoncomputer.(2003北京春北京春)我们生活在一个许多工作都由电脑来我们生活在一个许多工作都由电脑来完成的时代。完成的时代。Wewillbeshownaroundthecity:sWewillbeshownaroundthecity:school,museumsandsomeotherplaces,chool,museumsandsomeotherplaces,wherewhereothervisitorsothervisitorsseldomgo.(2002seldomgo.(2002北京北京)我们将被带去参我们将被
7、带去参观全市各地：包括学校、博物馆和其它场所，那观全市各地：包括学校、博物馆和其它场所，那些其它游客很少去的地方。些其它游客很少去的地方。 要点表示表示“补充说明补充说明”常用常用“，”隔开隔开连词不用连词不用that连词不能省略连词不能省略which在句中可以指代前面整个句子在句中可以指代前面整个句子 As在句首指代整个句子在句首指代整个句子关系代词关系代词which 和和 as 的区别的区别1. 1. Which引导的从句不能放在主句前，而引导的从句不能放在主句前，而asas引导引导的从句则既可以放在主句前，也可以放在主句后。的从句则既可以放在主句前，也可以放在主句后。As is ofte
8、n he case, he is absent. Which is often the case, he is absentHe saw the girl, as he had hoped, He saw the girl, which he had hopedHe is a foreigner, as I know from his accent. He has to work on Sundays, which he doesnt like.As As 和和 which which 都可以指代一个句子，但都可以指代一个句子，但as as 有有“正正如如”，“就像就像” ” 之意，之意，wh
9、ich which 则没此含义。则没此含义。正如预料的那样，比赛棒极了。正如预料的那样，比赛棒极了。The match was wonderful, as we had expected众所周知，台湾是中国的一部分。众所周知，台湾是中国的一部分。As we all know, Taiwan is a part of China.As is known to all, Taiwan is a part of China.她嫁给了他，这是出乎预料的。她嫁给了他，这是出乎预料的。She married him, which was unexpected.Dont read such books as
10、 you cant understand.He is not such a fool as he looks.他貌似憨傻，实则不然。他貌似憨傻，实则不然。as anybody can see 正如人人都能看到的那样正如人人都能看到的那样as often happens 正如经常发生的那样。正如经常发生的那样。as we (all) know as is known to all/us 众所周知众所周知as has been said before 如前所说如前所说as has been pointed out 正如已所指出的正如已所指出的as mentioned above 如上所述如上所述a
11、s is reported in the newspaper 如报纸所报道的如报纸所报道的He married her, as / which was /seemed natural.He saw the girl, as / which delighted him.在非限中，当从句的谓语动词是在非限中，当从句的谓语动词是be be 或相当于或相当于连系动词连系动词的的seem, become seem, become 等时可用等时可用as as 或或whichwhich 作主语作主语。但当。但当从句的谓语是从句的谓语是行为动词行为动词时，只能用时，只能用whichwhich作主语。作主语。T
12、he bridge is wonderful, as is shown in the picture.The bridge is wonderful, as shown in the picture.在非限中，当从句时由：在非限中，当从句时由：”as + be + ”as + be + 过去分词过去分词“ “ 构成时，可省略构成时，可省略 “be” “be”。which which 则无此结构则无此结构准关系代词准关系代词butbut的用法的用法There is no one but knows the importance of learning English.There is no on
13、e who doesnt know the importance of learning English.There are few books but have a misprint or two.There are few books that dont have a misprint or two.but ： 1. 本身含有否定意义本身含有否定意义 = which / who / that not 2.but 的先行词是否定意义的代词或名词词组的先行词是否定意义的代词或名词词组-双重否定双重否定 3. 这一用法常见于从句中作主语，谓语动词的这一用法常见于从句中作主语，谓语动词的单复数单复
14、数要与先要与先行词一致，行词一致，时态时态于主句呼应于主句呼应1.人类登上的月球的那一刻使许多人都激动了。人类登上的月球的那一刻使许多人都激动了。2. 这就是大批观众参加时装表演秀的理由。这就是大批观众参加时装表演秀的理由。3. 我永远也不会忘记你提到的那一天。我永远也不会忘记你提到的那一天。4. 我永远也不会忘记经历地震的那一时刻。我永远也不会忘记经历地震的那一时刻。5. 我参观了他最近买的房子。我参观了他最近买的房子。6. 我参观了鲁迅的故居。我参观了鲁迅的故居。7. 老板认为玛丽告诉他的理由不是真的。老板认为玛丽告诉他的理由不是真的。8. 老板认为玛丽不来上班的理由不是真的。老板认为玛丽
15、不来上班的理由不是真的。9. 外科医生列出一系列的理由为什么他们应该给外科医生列出一系列的理由为什么他们应该给予优厚的待遇。予优厚的待遇。10.他向我们解释的那个理由不是真的他向我们解释的那个理由不是真的11. 我们一起旅游到伦敦，在哪里我们又分开了。12. 他不参加我们的晚会，这使我们很失望。1.The moment when man landed on the moon excited millions of people2.That was the reason a large audience attended the fashion show.3.Ill never forget t
16、he day that you mentioned.4.Ill never forget the moment when I experienced the earthquake.5.I visited the house which he had bought recently6.I visited the house where Luxun once lived.7.The boss didnt think the reason that Mary gave him was true.8.The boss didnt think the reason why Mary was absent from work was true.9.Surgeons list many reasons why they should be well paid for their work.10.The reason which he explained to us is not true at all.11. We travelled together to London, where we parted.12. He didnt take part in our party, which disappointed us.
