《JohnDryden德莱顿稻谷书屋》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《JohnDryden德莱顿稻谷书屋（17页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、JohnDryden约翰.德莱顿1教育Contents1.Lifeexperience2.Majorworks3.Heroiccouples4.Comments5.Quote2教育JohnDryden(1631-1700)LifeExperience:In1631,DrydenwasborntoaPuritanfamilyinNorthamptonshire(北安普敦郡）wherehereceivedhisfirsteducation.In1644,hewenttoWestminsterSchool.In1649,hisfirstpublishedpoem.In1650,Drydenwentu
2、ptoTrinityCollege,Cambridge.In1654,heobtainedhisBAgraduatedfromTrinityCollege.In1654,Drydensfatherdied,leavinghimsomelandwhichgeneratedalittleincome,butnotenoughtoliveon.3教育In1658,hepublishedhisfirstimportantpoem,HeroicStanzas【英雄诗章】,aeulogyonCromwellsdeathwhichiscautiousinitsemotionaldisplay.In1660D
3、rydencelebratedtheRestorationofthemonarchyandthereturnofCharlesIIwithAstraeaRedux【伸张正义】AftertheRestoration,Drydenquicklyestablishedhimselfastheleadingpoetandliterarycriticofhisdayandhetransferredhisallegiancestothenewgovernment.4教育InNovember1662DrydenwasproposedformembershipintheRoyalSociety(英国皇家学会）
4、.However,DrydenwasinactiveinSocietyaffairsandin1666wasexpelled(驱逐)fornon-paymentofhisdues（会费）.OnDecember1st,1663DrydenmarriedtheroyalistsisterofSirRobertHowardLadyElizabeth.In1668,hewasappointedPoetLaureateofEngland.(英国桂冠诗人)5教育Whenin1688,Drydensrefusaltotaketheoathsofallegiancetothenewgovernmentandl
5、efthimoutoffavouratcourt.Hewasforcedtogiveuphispublicofficesandlivebytheproceedsofhispen.In1694hebeganworkonwhatwouldbehismostambitiousanddefiningworkastranslator.Dryden died on May 1, 1700, and was buried in theWestminster Abbey (Poets Corner) (威斯特敏斯特教堂)(PoetsCorner).6教育MajorworksAnelegy(挽歌)onCrome
6、wellsdeath:HeroicStanzas英雄英雄诗辩诗辩in1659-Hisfirstimportantpoem.AnOde(颂诗)anCharlesII:AstraeaRedux伸伸张张正正义义Adidacticpoem(说理诗)whenJamesIIinregion:TheHindandthePanther牝鹿与豹牝鹿与豹In1667,hisdramaticcareerbegan,hepublishedAnnusMirabilis奇迹之年奇迹之年7教育Literarycriticism(criticalworks):EssaysonDramaticPoetry论戏剧诗论戏剧诗in1
7、668.Thebestofhisunsystematicprefaces(序言)andessays.Form:indialogueContent:ComparativemeritsofEnglishandFrenchdramaAnelegyonCromwellsdeath.AbsalomandAchitophel押沙押沙龙龙与与齐齐托菲托菲尔尔in1681-Itissubjectispoliticalsatires（政治讽刺）（政治讽刺）andwritteninheroiccouples(英雄双韵体英雄双韵体).8教育MacFlecknoe麦克弗莱克诺in1682;Marriagealamod
8、e时时尚婚姻尚婚姻in1672HeledthewayinRestorationcomedyandhisbestknownworkbeingMarriagelaMode.AllforLoveorTheWorldWellLost一切为了爱迷失的爱in1678Itsatragedyinblank-verse.ItisconsideredhisgreatestplayandoneofthemasterpieceofRestorationtragedy.Importantplays:9教育10教育Masterpiece-AllforLoveAllforLovewaswrotein1678.It is D
9、rydens most famous masterpiecebased on Shakespeares famous play Anthonyand Cleopatra. He had mastered the art ofcomparativecriticism,usingproseanddialoguefor debate, and wit and satire to illustratedisparitiesbetweenchurchandstate.11教育Heroiccoupletsisakindoftheclassicalverse,evolvedbytensyllablesdou
10、bleblankverse,eachrowoffivesteps,eachstephastwosyllables,thefirstisthelightsound,thesecondisthestress.Balancedsentence,neat,accurate,concise,elegant.HeroiccoupletswasinventedbythefirstpoetlaureateJohnDrydenwholedtheBritishpoeticstyleofthe17-18thcentury.英雄双韵体是一种英国古典诗体，由十音节双韵诗体演化而来，每行五个音步，每个音步有两个音节，第一
11、个是轻音，第二个是重音。句式均衡、整齐、准确、简洁、考究。英雄双韵体由第一位桂冠诗人约翰 德莱顿首创并命名，并领导了英国17-18世纪的诗风。12教育英英雄雄双双韵韵体体的的发发展展和和形形成成经经历历了了很很长长时时间间，到到德德莱莱顿顿时时基基本本定定型型，文文学学评评论论界界对对英英雄雄双双韵韵体体的的界界定定是是有有严严格格定定义义的的。一般来说需满足以下几个条件。一般来说需满足以下几个条件。1 1、I Iambicpentameter五音步五音步抑扬格抑扬格2 2、O Oshiorhymedualsentence押尾韵对偶句押尾韵对偶句3 3、韵尾为、韵尾为AA BB CC DD.A
12、A BB CC DD.不重复。不重复。4 4、Clear and concise Clear and concise 风格简洁。风格简洁。当当一一首首诗诗中中仅仅有有几几个个满满足足以以上上条条件件的的对对偶偶句句，其其余余大大部部分分诗诗句句都都无无法法满满足足上上述述条条件件时时，这这首首诗诗就就不不能能称称之之为为英英雄雄双双韵体。韵体。HeroicCouples英雄双韵体英雄双韵体13教育CommentsvHewasaninfluentialEnglishpoet,literarycritic,translator,andplaywright.vDrydenmadehisprosepr
13、ecise,conciseandflexible,andraisedEnglishliterarycriticismtoanewlevel.vFollowingthestandardsofclassicism,heestablishedtheheroiccouplet.vDrydenwasknownforhisversesatires,whicharewritteninheroiccouplets,averseformwidelyadoptedbythepoetsofthe18thcentury.14教育Drydenodeandsatiresmarkstheestablishmentofthe
14、classicalpoetryinBritain.HedominatedtheliterarylifeofRestorationEnglandtosuchapointthattheperiodcametobeknowninliterarycirclesastheAgeofDryden.WalterScott（沃尔特斯科特)namedhimGloriousJohn.15教育Errors,likestrawsuponthesurfaceflow,hewhowouldsearchforpearlsmustdivebelow.错误就像浮在水面的稻草；要想寻找珍珠就得潜到它的下面。Quote16教育Thanks for your attention!Thanks for your attention! 17教育
