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1、情态动词Model Verbs单句语法填空1-Is it our son who broke the vase yesterday?-It _ be him. He was in his grandparents the whole day.2-Look! The light in the office is still on.Mrs White _ be marking the test papers.3My wallet is gone. Where _ I put it?4The _ attend the news conference, but we are not sure of t
2、hat.5It is nearly eight oclock. I must hang up and get down to work. My boss _ be here at any moment.cantmustcanmight/mayshould情态动词有哪些？情态动词有can (could), may (might), must, have to, shall (should, will (would), dare (dared), need (needed), ought to等。 情态动词无人称和数的变化；不能单独使用，必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语。一 、 can ,could1
3、) 表示能力（体力、知识、技能）。 _ you lift this heavy box?（体力）Mary _ speak three languages.（知识） _ you skate?（技能）此时可用be able to代替. can只有一般现在时 和一般过去式；而be able to则有更多的时态。 Ill not be able to come this afternoon.当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用be able to，不能用can。如： He was _ to go to the party yesterday evening in spite of the heav
4、y rain. CancanCanable 2) 表示请求和允许。- Can I go now? - Yes, you can. / No, you _.could语气更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答语中。 - Could I come to see you tomorrow? - Yes, you_ . ( No, Im afraid not. )3) 表示客观可能性（客观原因形成的能力）“可能会” It _ be quite cold here in winter. This hall _ hold 500 people at least.4) 表示推测（惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度），用于疑问句、
5、否定句和感叹句中。用于对现在的推测。 This _ be done by him.(否定） How _ this be true?（怀疑）cantcancancantcancan5)can/cant+have done表示对过去发生的行为的怀疑和不肯定，通常用于疑问和否定。 He _ _ _ (forget) it. 他不可能忘记的。 _ he _ _（go） to his aunts? 他可能去了姑姑家吗？Could have done 可用于表示推测，意为“可能已经”，也可表示本可以做而未做。 -He wasnt at home last night. -He _ _ _ (go) to
6、movies. The accident _ _ _ _ (avoid). 这场事故是本可以避免的。can not have forgottenhave gonecould have goneCancould have been avoided.二、 may, might1) 表示请求和允许。might比 may语气更委婉，而不是过去式。否定回答时可用cant或mustnt，表示“不可以，禁止”。-Might/ May I smoke in this room?- No, you _ - May/Might I take this book out of the room?- Yes, you
7、 can. (No, you cant / mustnt. )2）用于祈使句，表示祝愿。May +主语+动原- _ you succeed! 3) may as well +do“不防，还是”。may well+do加强推测的可能性. You _ as well ask him. What you say _ well be truemustntMaymaymay4) 表示推测、可能性（不用于疑问句）。might不是过去式，表示的可能性比may小。may/might+do表示对现在的推测。He _ _ be very busy now.may/might+be doing表示对此刻的推测。Ja
8、ne _ _ be working this time of day.may/might+have dong表示对过去的推测。-What has happened to George?-I dont know.He _ _ (get) lost.may/mightmay/mightmay have got三、 must, have to1) 表示必须、必要。 You _ come in time.在回答引出的问句时，如果是否定的，不能用mustnt（禁止，不准），而用neednt, dont have to（不必）.- Must we hand in our exercise books to
9、day?- Yes, you _ - No, you dont _ to / you neednt.2) must是说话人的主观看法， 而have to则强调客观需要。 Must只有一般现在时， have to 有更多的时态形式。 1 His play isnt interesting, I really _ go now.2 I _ to work when I was your age.musthadmusthavemust3) 表示推测、可能性（只用于肯定的陈述句）must +do表示对现在肯定的推测。1Youre Toms good friend, so you _ know what
10、 he likes best.(现在)must +be doing 表示对此刻的推测 2.Your mother must be _ (wait) for you now.(此刻）must +have done对过去的推测。 3.The ground is rather wet, so it _ _ _ _ (rain) last night.waitingmustmust have rained 四、 dare, need1) dare作情态动词用时, 常用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中, 过去式形式为dared。1. How dare you say Im unfair?翻译： _2. He
11、 darent speak English before such a crowd, _ he?2) need 作情态动词用时, 常用于疑问句、否定句。在肯定句中一般用must, have to, ought to, should代替。1You neednt come so early.2. - Need I finish the work today?- Yes, you _ . / No, you _ 3) dare和 need作实义动词用时， 有人称、时态和数的变化。在肯定句中，dare后面常接带to的不定式。在疑问句和否定句中，dare后面可接带to或不带to的不定式。而need后面只
12、能接带to的不定式。1. I dare _ swim across this river.2. He doesnt dare (to) answer.3.He _ to finish his homework today.你怎敢说我不公平？daremustneednttodares五、 shall, should1) shall 用于第一三人称疑问句，征求对方的意见。What _ we do this evening?2) shall 用于第二、三人称陈述句，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。1. You _ fail if you dont work hard.(警告)2. He _
13、 have the book when I finish it.(允诺)3. He _ be punished.(威胁)3)Should 有“可能，应该 ，”的意思。1.Dinner _ be ready by now.2.You _ be responsible for yourself.3.You _ have come here earlier.shallshallshallshallshouldshouldshould六、 will, would1) 表示请求、建议等，would更委婉。 _ _ you pass me the ball, please?2) 表示意志、愿望和决心。1.
14、 I _ never do that again.2. They asked him if he _ go abroad.3) would表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向。would表示过去习惯时比used to正式，且没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。1. During the vacation, he _visit me every other day.2. The wound _ not heal.4) 表示估计和猜想。 It _ be about ten oclock when she left home.5.表示在某种情况下真实或可能的事。 The door _ open.那门就是打不开。
15、willwouldwouldwouldwontwouldWill/Would七、 should, ought to1) should, ought to表示“应该”，ought to表示义务或责任，比should语气重。1. I should _(help) her because she is in trouble.2. You ought _ take care of the baby.2) 表示劝告、建议和命令。should, ought to可通用，但在疑问句中常用should。1. You should / ought to go to class right away.2. _ I
16、 open the window?3) 表示推测 should , ought to (客观推测), must(主观推测)。1.He _ be home by now. (断定他已到家)2.He _ be home by now.(不太肯定)3. This is where the oil _ be.(直爽)4. This is where the oil ought to/should be.(含蓄)helptoShouldmustshould/ought tomust八、 情态动词+have done1)can / could + have done在肯定句中表示“本来可以做而实际上能做某
17、事”，是虚拟语气；在疑问句或否定句中表示对过去行为的怀疑或不肯定, 表示推测。 1. You could _ _ (do) better, but you didnt try your best.（虚拟) 2. He cant have been to that town.（推测） 3. Can he have got the book?（推测）2) may / might + have done表示对过去行为的推测。不能用于疑问句中，没有虚拟语气的用法。might所表示的可能性比may小。1. He may not have finished the work .2. If we _ _ (
18、take) the other road, we might have arrived earlier.3）must + have done用于肯定句中，表示对过去行为的推测。意为“一定、想必”。其疑问、否定形式用can，cant代替。参看1) can / could + have done表示推测。1. You must have seen the film 。 翻译： _2. He must have been to Shanghai. 翻译： _ have done had taken你一定看过这部电影。他一定去过上海。4）should + have done用于肯定句中表示对过去行为的
19、推测。 He should _(finish)the work by now。表示“本应该做而实际上没有做某事”，其否定式表示某种行为本不该发生却发生了。可以与ought to +不定式完成式（have done）互换。1. You ought to / should _(help) him. (but you didnt.)2. She shouldnt _(take) away my measuring tape, for I wanted to use it.5) neednt + have done表示“本来不必做而实际上做了某事”。1.You neednt _(water) the
20、flowers, for it is going to rain.2. Look,you _(buy)those sweaters for me. I have just knitted one.have finishedhave helpedhave takenhave wateredneednt have bought 练一练1.Many of us_ use the computer now, but we _ ten years ago.2.The baby will _ _ walk in a few months.3.- _ _ I use your bicycle？-Of cou
21、rse, you _ .-No, you _ .4.He is very busy. He _ be watching Tv at home5.The man looks energetic, so he _ be ill.6.She looks very happy. She must _ _ ( pass ) the exam.7.He cant _ _ (sleep) in the dormitory now because I saw him just now.cancouldntbe able toCan/Couldcancantcantcanthave passedbe sleep
22、ing8.- _ I use your telephone?-yes ,you _ . -No,you _ . 9.He _ come today, but I am not sure.10.I thought you _ like something to read,so I bought some 11. _ you live a happy life.12.I have lost my pen, so I _ to buy one13.Do you dare _ (go) with me?Yes I _ . No I _ .14.I _ bring it tomorrow.15.That
23、 _ be in 1978, I think.May/Mightmaymustntmay/mightmightMayhaveto gododontwillwould情态动词用法歌诀情态动词用法歌诀 1.情态动词情态动词can、may、must表示语气和情态，人称与数无表示语气和情态，人称与数无变化，动词原形跟着它。变化，动词原形跟着它。2.情态动词两要点：动词原形跟后面，说话语气较委婉。情态动词两要点：动词原形跟后面，说话语气较委婉。cab表表“能力能力”，may表表“许可许可”，must表表“责任责任”或或“义务义务”，否定回答，否定回答neednt换，换，需要需要”need，dare“敢敢
24、”。should“应该应该”，would“愿愿”，have to“被迫被迫”表客观。表客观。 3.may（might)与与must：否定：否定may用用mustnt，否定，否定must用用neednt。祝愿句中只用。祝愿句中只用may，把握不大用，把握不大用might。4. need的用法：的用法： 实义动词表实义动词表“需要需要“，后接名、代和不定，后接名、代和不定式。式。 need后面接动名词，主动形式表被动。情态动词表后面接动名词，主动形式表被动。情态动词表”需要需要“，没有时态、数、人称。其后直接跟动词，多用，没有时态、数、人称。其后直接跟动词，多用于疑问和否定。名词于疑问和否定。名词need表表”需要需要“，平时也可常用到。，平时也可常用到。 5.情态动词情态动词ought to与与should：ought to，should两相通，两相通，语气语气ought to比较重。该做没做用完成。比较重。该做没做用完成。 6.情态动词情态动词shall：shall二三人称用，允诺、命令、要求加警二三人称用，允诺、命令、要求加警告；告；shall问句表征询，一三人称用得妙。问句表征询，一三人称用得妙。
