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1、4.现在完成时的用法通常与表示包括现在在内的时间副词通常与表示包括现在在内的时间副词 justjust，already, before, yet, never, already, before, yet, never, everever , ,two timestwo times等状语连用。例如：等状语连用。例如： My daughter has just gone out. 我女儿刚出去。 Im sure weve met before. 我肯定我们以前见过面。Have you milked the cow yet?牛奶的奶挤了吗？I have never heard that before
2、.我从没听说过。 Wehaventseenyourecently.最近我们没有见到你。最近我们没有见到你。Theyhavebeenawayfortwoyears.他们离开已经两年了。他们离开已经两年了。ShehasbeenwithussinceMonday.她从周一开始就跟我们在一起了。她从周一开始就跟我们在一起了。表示持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括表示持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，如现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，如recently, lately, forrecently, lately, for, since, since, , 等。等。如：如
3、：注意：注意：a)a)sincesince和和forfor的区别的区别sincesince后接时间点后接时间点，如，如19931993，last term, last term, yesterday, the time I got thereyesterday, the time I got there，Tuesday, October-Tuesday, October-“自从自从”forfor后接一段时间后接一段时间，表示，表示“长达多久长达多久”，如，如ten years, a while, two daysten years, a while, two days等。等。-“长达长达”重点
4、4：since和for的区别1. Jim has been in Ireland _ Monday.2. Jill has been in Ireland _ three days.3. His aunt has lived in Australia _15 days.4. Mary is in her office. She has been there _ 7 oclock.5. India has been an independent country _1974.6. The bus is late. Theyve been waiting _ 20 minutes.7. Nobody
5、 lives in those houses. They have been empty _ many years.8. Mike has been ill _a long time. He has been in hospital _ October.sincesincesincesinceforforforforfor注意：b)表示短暂意义的动词如表示短暂意义的动词如arrive, leave, arrive, leave, borrow, buy, begin, start, dieborrow, buy, begin, start, die等，在等，在完成时当中不能和表示一段时间的状语
6、连完成时当中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用（不能和用（不能和since, for, how long since, for, how long 连用）连用）。 短暂性短暂性动词动词 He has come here for 2 years. The old man has died for 4 months. They have left only for 5 minutes. 以上三句以上三句话可以改可以改为：He has been here for 2years.The old man has _ _ for 4 months.They have _ _ only for 5 minutes
7、beendeadbeenout错错错错错错注意：注意： c) c)现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用，如连用，如yesterday, last year, yesterday, last year, in 1976, two days ago, just nowin 1976, two days ago, just now（错）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.（对）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.5.现在完成时与一般过去时的比较现
8、在完成时与一般过去时的比较1）一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙）一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，述过去的事情，强调动作强调动作； 现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，现在的影响，强调影响强调影响。Isawthisfilmyesterday.Ihaveseenthisfilm.2）一般过去时）一般过去时 常与常与具体的表示过去的时间具体的表示过去的时间状语连用状语连用; 现在完成时通常与现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语模糊的时间状语连用，连用，或无时间状语。或无时间状语。一般过去时的时间状语一般过去时的时间状语:
9、 yesterday,lastweek，ago,in1990,inOctober,justnow,-具体的时间状语具体的时间状语现在完成时的时间状语现在完成时的时间状语: for,since,sofar,ever,never,just,yet,till/until,uptonow,inthepastfewyears,recently,-模糊的时间状语模糊的时间状语3）现在完成时）现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是态，动词一般是延续性的延续性的，如，如live,teach,learn,work,study,know.一般过去时一般过去时常用的非持续性动词
10、有常用的非持续性动词有come,go,leave,start,die,finish,become,getmarried等。等。ShejoinedtheLeaguethreeyearsago.(加入的动作不是延续的加入的动作不是延续的)ShehasbeenintheLeagueforthreeyears(sincethreeyearsago).(在团内的状态可延续在团内的状态可延续)ShehasbeenaLeaguememberforthreeyears(sincethreeyearsago).(是团员的状态可持续是团员的状态可持续)试一试，用所给词的正确形式填空试一试，用所给词的正确形式填空1
11、I（live）heresinceIwastenyearsold.2I（live）herein1998.3-youyourbreakfast？-Yes，Ihave.-Whenyouit？-30minutesago. have /has been to和和have / has gone to 的用法区别的用法区别 1 “ Have /has been to+地名地名 ”表示曾经去过某地，说话时已经回到说话地点， 常与once 、twice、ever、never 等时间连用。2 “have / has gone to +地名地名 ”表示去某地了，现在没有回答，人不在说话地点。 巧记巧记： been
12、to been to ，gone togone to 意不同，两者用法要记清；意不同，两者用法要记清； have been tohave been to + 地名，曾经到过某地行；地名，曾经到过某地行； have gone tohave gone to + 地点，到某地去了一走远。地点，到某地去了一走远。用have /has been to和和have / has gone to填空 Hi，Lucy， you ever Beijing？ No，I . What about your sister，Lily？ Oh，she Chengdu， she will come back next wee
13、k. Ok，thanks. Youre welcome.have been to haventhas gone to（二）表示短暂动作的瞬间性动词，如come、go、buy等的完成时态就不能与for、 since 等表示一段时间的状语连用，但可以与这类词相应的延续性动词或短语连用。试一试，改错 1 I have come to Jianyang for ten years . （ ） 2 His father has died since he was five years old . （ ）have been inhas been dead 瞬间动词的用法口诀；现在完成在瞬间，非延只连时间点
14、， 终止 须转换，否定方可碰一段说明：1 瞬间动词又叫非延续性动词或终止性动词，它可以有现在完成时态，但不可以接一段时间；如果要接一段时间，就必须把它转换成相应的延续性动词。2 瞬间动词在完成时态中的否定式中可以接一段时间。 类似的转换还有：fall asleepbe asleep move therebe there open be open 等 巧记巧记10个瞬间性动词的转换个瞬间性动词的转换 “开始离去借来还，出生入死买到家开始离去借来还，出生入死买到家”1 beginbe on6 returnbe back2 leavebe away from7 joinbe in3 gobe off
15、8 diebe dead4 borrowkeep9 buyhave5 comebe here10 arrivebe hereChoose the best answer1 What a nice watch ！How long _ you _ it？ Just three weeksA will，buy B did，buy C have ，had2 you _in Greener China for a long time？ Yes，I joined it five years agoA Have，been B Has ，joined C Have ，joined3 Teacher Li Ja
16、pan，he_ Japan for two years A has been to，has been to B has gone to ，has been inC has gone to ，has been to 4 The students are sorry to hear that the famous singer for half an hourA has left B has been away C has gone away5 I this book for two days ，I have to return it nowA borrowed B have borrowed C
17、 have kept （C）（A）（B）（B）（C）6-When you your old friend? -The day before yesterday.A will,visit B did ,visit C have ,visited7 Mrs White _ in this school since she came here.A teaches B taught C has taught8 No children_ football in the street since a car hit a boy last Sunday.A have played B played C playing9 -Im sorry to keep you waiting. -Oh,not at all,I _ here only for a few minutes.A was B have been C will be10 His father since 1936.A died B has died C has been dead（B）（C）（A）（B）（C）
