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1、sectionA 1a-2d八下英语八下英语Unit 2 Ill help to clean up the Unit 2 Ill help to clean up the city park .city park . WarmingupWarmingupFree talkDoyouoftenhelpothers?Tellussomethingaboutthelasttimeyouhelpedothers.Do you want to be a volunteer?How could we help people?Look at the pictures. What are they doing
2、?Theyhelptosentfoodtothepoorpeople.Theyhelptoexaminethehealthconditionoftheold.Theyhelptocutthehairofthepoor.Theyhelptocleantheyardsofthecommunity.Theyhelptokeepthebus-stopclean.Other ways you could help peopleHelptheoldtogoacrosstheroad.Giveyourseattotheold,thechildren,orthewomanwhowillhaveababy.Ma
3、ketheoldpeoplewhoarespendingtheirleftlifeintheeldercommunitylaugh.Anyothers?1.Whatcanyouseeinthesepictures?Therearesomepeoplewhoneedhelp.Wouldyouliketobeapersonwhocanhelpothers?Wouldyouliketobeapersonwhohastobehelpedbyothers?Wehaveheardofmanygooddeedsdonebyvolunteersalloverthecountry.Theyaregreat.Th
4、eygivepeoplehelpwithouthopeofreward.2.Howcouldwehelppeople?Youcouldhelpcleanuptheparks.Youcouldhelpsickpeopleinthehospital.Idliketocheerupsickkids.Languagegoals: Howto offerhelp.Keysentences: Ihopetoworkoutside.Youcouldhelptocleanupthecityparks.Newvocabularies:cleanup(打扫干净打扫干净)hunger(饥饥)homeless(无家的
5、无家的)cheerup(使高兴起来使高兴起来)giveout(分发分发)cleanupthestreetcheeruptheelderlygiveoutthepostersplanttrees分发分发,发放发放-Idliketohelpothersonvolunteerday.-Youcouldclean up the street.Look and sayA:Idliketoworkoutside.B:Youcouldhelpcleanupthecityparks.A:Idliketo_.B:Youcould_foodatthefoodbank.helphomelesspeoplegiveo
6、utA:Idliketo_.B:Youcould_theminthehospital.cheerupsickkidsvisitWhatelsecouldwedotohelppeople? helpchildrenwiththeirschoolwork.visittheoldinanoldpeopleshome.helpwatchthetraffic.giveouroldbooksto“HopeSchool”.IdliketoIhopetoIcouldIvolunteerto.1a. Look at the ways you could help people.in the picture. T
7、hen list other ways.Otherwaysyoucouldhelppeople_OtherwaysyoucouldhelppeopleHelp the old to go across the roadGive your seat to the old, the children, or the woman holding a babyMake the old people who are spending their left life in the elder community laughAny others?Whatotherwaysyoucouldhelppeople
8、?Justthinkandfillinthechart._takepartinplantingtreescallpeoplebackhelpprovidemoneyforthepoorstudentsbevolunteersatChina(Taiyuan)InternationalCoal&EnergyNewIndustryExpositionHow would they like to help people?Id like to help kids with their English.Id like to give out food to the poor people.Id like
9、to clean up the city park.Id like to put up signs/ notices.Id like to hand out advertisements.Id like to give a hand in an old peoples home！1b.Listenandnumberthewaystheboyandgirlcouldhelpothers._Thegirlcouldvisitthesickkidsinthehospitaltocheerthemup._Theboycouldgiveoutfoodatthefoodbank._Thegirlcould
10、volunteerinanafter-schoolstudyprogramtoteachkids._Theboycouldhelptocleanupthecityparks.1234giveoutcheerupcleanupvolunteer分发，派发分发，派发使振奋、高兴使振奋、高兴打扫干净打扫干净动词动词,志愿效劳、主动贡献志愿效劳、主动贡献New Phrases A:Ihopetoworkoutside.B:Youcouldgiveoutfoodatthefoodbanktohelpfeedthem.1c. Pair work 2a. A group of students are pl
11、anning a CityPark Clean-Up Day. Listen and check the things they are going to tell people about it.1.Weneedto_aplantotellpeopleaboutthecityparkclean-up.2.Clean-upDayisonlytwoweeksfromnow.Wecant_makingaplan.3.Wecould_signs.4.Letsmakesomenotices,too.ThenIll_them_afterschool.5.Wecouldeach_10studentsand
12、askthemtocome.putoff putuphandout callupcomeupwith2b. Listen again and fill in the blanks.Do you know their meanings?comeupwithputoffputuphandoutwritedowncalluptowritesomethingonthepapertogivemanypeoplesomething,usuallyonthestreet.tothinkofsomeideastoaskmanypeopletodosomethingtomakesomethingdonelate
13、rtoraisesomethingA:WeneedtocomeupwithaplanfortheCityParkClean-UpDay.B:Letshavelunchfirst.A:No,weneedtostartnow.Clean-UpDayisonlytwoweeksfromnow.2c. Make a conversation using the information in 2a and 2b.2d. Role-play the conversation.Helen:Hi,Tom.ImmakingsomeplanstoworkinanoldpeopleshomethissummerTo
14、m:Really?Ididthatlastsummer!Helen:Oh,whatdidtheyaskyoutohelpoutwith?Tom:Mmthingslikereadingthenewspapertotheoldpeople,orjusttalkingtothem.Theytoldmestoriesaboutthepastandhowthingsusedtobe.Helen:Thatsoundsinteresting.Tom:Yeah,alotofoldpeoplearelonely.WeshouldlistentothemandcareforthemHelen:Youreright
15、.Imean,wereallgoingtobeoldoneday,too.Explanation 1.Youcouldhelpcleanupthecitypark.help(to)do“帮助做帮助做”。例如：。例如：Teacherscriticismshelpimproveourstudy.helpdo和和helpdoinghelp后接不定式，可带后接不定式，可带to,也可不带也可不带to。help后可接后可接动名词，但与动名词，但与helpdo的意思完全不同。的意思完全不同。helpdoing常用于否定句，与常用于否定句，与cannot连用，构成连用，构成cannothelpdoing,表示
16、表示“不禁；禁不住；不得不不禁；禁不住；不得不”的意思，的意思，相当于相当于cantbutdo.e.g.Icanthelpthinkingso.2.Weneedtocomeupwithaplan.(1)need用作实义动词，有用作实义动词，有“必要必要”、“必需必需”之之意，有人称、数和时态的变化，可以接名意，有人称、数和时态的变化，可以接名词、代词、动名词或带词、代词、动名词或带to的动词不定式作宾的动词不定式作宾语，构成疑问句和否定句时要借助于助动语，构成疑问句和否定句时要借助于助动词。词。e.g.Doyouneedtoseehimyourself?(2)need用作情态动词用作情态动词,
17、意为意为“必须必须”、“必必要要”，没有人称、数的变化，后接不带，没有人称、数的变化，后接不带to的的动动词不定式。词不定式。通常用于疑问句和否定句中，构通常用于疑问句和否定句中，构成疑问句和否定句时，不需要使用助动词。成疑问句和否定句时，不需要使用助动词。e.g.Needyougototheparkwithyourclassmate?(3)由由need引出的疑问句，答语表肯定时用引出的疑问句，答语表肯定时用must或或haveto；表示否定时用；表示否定时用neednt或或donthaveto。例如：。例如：A:NeedIcometoworktomorrow?B:Yes,youmust/ha
18、veto.3.Wecouldputupsigns.sign是名词，具体用法如下：是名词，具体用法如下：(1)“标牌，招牌标牌，招牌”。例如：。例如：thesignofbarbersshop(2)“记号，符号记号，符号”。(3)“示意动作示意动作”。例如：。例如：Theteachermadeasigntoustobequiet.(4)“迹象，征兆迹象，征兆”。例如：例如：Aredskyatsunsetisasignofgoodweather.3a. Read the article. What do Mario and Mary volunteer to do?StudentsWhoVolunt
19、eerMarioGreenandMaryBrownfromRiversideHighSchoolgiveupseveralhourseachweektohelpothers.Mariolovesanimalsandwantstobeananimaldoctor.HevolunteersatananimalhospitaleverySaturdaymorning.Mariobelievesitcanhelphimtogethisfuturedreamjob.“Itshardwork,”hesays,“butIwanttolearnmoreabouthowtocareforanimals.Iget
20、suchastrongfeelingofsatisfactionwhenIseetheanimalsgetbetterandthelookofjoyontheirownersfaces.”Maryisabooklover.Shecouldreadbyherselfattheageoffour.Lastyear,shedecidedtotryoutforavolunteerafter-schoolreadingprogram.Shestillworksthereonceaweektohelpkidslearntoread.“Thekidsaresittinginthelibrary,butyou
21、canseeintheireyesthattheyregoingonadifferentjourneywitheachnewbook.Volunteeringhereisadreamcometrueforme.IcandowhatIlovetodoandhelpothersatthesametime.”MariovolunteersatananimalhospitaleverySaturdaymorning.Maryvolunteersatanafter-schoolreadingprogram.Andshealsoworksthereonceaweektohelpkidslearntorea
22、d.1.WhydoMarioandMaryvolunteertohelpothers?2.Whatdotheysayaboutvolunteering?3b. Read the article and answer the questions below.1.WhydoMarioandMaryvolunteertohelpothers?Mariovolunteersbecausehelovesanimalsandwantstobeananimaldoctor.Maryvolunteersbecausesheisabooklover.2.Whatdotheysayaboutvolunteerin
23、g?Mariosaysthatvolunteeringisahardwork,buthewantstolearnmoreabouthowtocareforanimals.Hegetssuchastrongfeelingofsatisfactionwhenheseestheanimalsgetbetterandthelookofjoyontheirownersfaces.Marysaysthatvolunteeringthereisa dream come trueforher.Shecandowhatshelovestodoandhelpsothersatthesametime.3c. Use
24、 infinitives to complete the sentence below.1.Mariowouldlike_ananimaldoctor.2.Marioworksforananimalhospitalbecausehewants_abouthow_foranimals.3.Marydecided_forajobatanafter-schoolreadingprogramlastyear.Shestillworkstherenow_kidslearntoread.4.Maryhasadreamjobbecauseshecandowhatsheloves_.tobetolearnto
25、caretolooktohelptodo1.Youcouldhelptocleanupthecityparks.1)could是情态动词是情态动词can的的过去式过去式形式，形式，表示表示过去的能力过去的能力。它没有。它没有人称和数的变人称和数的变化化，后面，后面接动词原形接动词原形。变否定句在。变否定句在could后加后加not,变一般疑问句把变一般疑问句把could提前。提前。这个男孩七岁时就会骑自行车。这个男孩七岁时就会骑自行车。Theboycouldrideabikewhenhewasseven.PractiseLanguagepoints【注意】在某些情况下，【注意】在某些情况下，c
26、ould并不表示并不表示过去，只是表示过去，只是表示委婉、客气的语气委婉、客气的语气。其肯定答语用：其肯定答语用：Sure./Certainly./Allright.等。等。否定答语用：否定答语用：Sorry./Sorry,Icant.等。等。A:Couldyoutellmeifheisastudent?你能告诉我他是不是学生吗？你能告诉我他是不是学生吗？B:Sure.当然可以。当然可以。【注意【注意】如果在如果在clean和和up间加个连字符号，那间加个连字符号，那么，它就是么，它就是名词名词了，表示了，表示“扫除扫除”。Youmustgiveyourclassroomagoodclean-
27、up.你必须对教室进行彻底地打扫。你必须对教室进行彻底地打扫。2)cleanup是省去是省去to的动词不定式，意为的动词不定式，意为“（把（把）打扫干净）打扫干净”、“梳理整齐梳理整齐”。Practise他必须每天把操场打扫得干干净净。他必须每天把操场打扫得干干净净。Wemustcleanuptheplaygroundeverymorning.2.Weneedtocomeupwithaplanfor我们必须想出一个计划。我们必须想出一个计划。need是一个常见的动词，表示是一个常见的动词，表示“需要需要”之意。它既可以作之意。它既可以作实义动词实义动词，也可以，也可以作作情态动词情态动词。其具
28、体用法如下：。其具体用法如下：这个人在工作时需要一本英语词典。这个人在工作时需要一本英语词典。ThemanneedsanEnglishdictionarywhenheworks.你必需亲自见他吗？你必需亲自见他吗？Doyouneedtoseehimyourself?1)need用作用作实义动词实义动词，有，有“必要必要”、“必必需需”之意，有之意，有人称、数和时态的变化人称、数和时态的变化，可，可以接名词、代词、动名词或带以接名词、代词、动名词或带to的动词不的动词不定式作宾语，构成疑问句和否定句时要借定式作宾语，构成疑问句和否定句时要借助于助动词。助于助动词。Practise你必须和你的同学
29、去公园吗？你必须和你的同学去公园吗？Needyougototheparkwithyourclassmate?他不必花掉这么多钱买这块新手表。他不必花掉这么多钱买这块新手表。Heneedntspendmuchmoneyforthisnewwatch.2)need用作用作情态动词情态动词，意为，意为“必须必须”、“必要必要”，没有人称、数等变化没有人称、数等变化，后接，后接不带不带to的动词不定式的动词不定式。通常用于疑问句通常用于疑问句和否定句中，构成疑问句和否定句时，和否定句中，构成疑问句和否定句时，不需要不需要使用助动词。使用助动词。PractiseA:NeedIcometoworktomo
30、rrow?明天我需要来上班吗明天我需要来上班吗?B:Yes,youmust/haveto.是的，你必须来。是的，你必须来。A:NeedIfinishtheworkatonce?我需要马上完成这项工作吗？我需要马上完成这项工作吗？B:No,youneednt/donthaveto不，不必今天完成。不，不必今天完成。【注意【注意】由由need引出的疑问句，答语表引出的疑问句，答语表肯定时用肯定时用must或或haveto；表示否定时用；表示否定时用neednt或或donthaveto。volunteer作名词，意为作名词，意为“志愿者志愿者”。volunteer作动词，意为作动词，意为“义务做；自
31、愿义务做；自愿做做”。3.HevolunteersatananimalhospitaleverySaturdaymorning.Practise地震后他成了一名志愿者。地震后他成了一名志愿者。Hebecameavolunteeraftertheearthquake.她自愿在那个小村庄里教书。她自愿在那个小村庄里教书。Shevolunteeredtoteachinthatsmallvillage.他自愿充当服务生。他自愿充当服务生。Hevolunteeredhisserviceasawaiter.4.and4.andcalledupcalledupallhisfriendsandallhisfr
32、iendsandtoldthemabouttheproblem.toldthemabouttheproblem.给他所有的朋友打电话告诉他们他的给他所有的朋友打电话告诉他们他的给他所有的朋友打电话告诉他们他的给他所有的朋友打电话告诉他们他的问题。问题。问题。问题。这个男孩给你打电话只是为了聊天吗？这个男孩给你打电话只是为了聊天吗？Didtheboycallyouupjustforachat?callup表示表示“给给打电话打电话”,后面后面接接指指人的单词人的单词。Practise“给给给给打电话打电话打电话打电话” ”的常见说法还有的常见说法还有的常见说法还有的常见说法还有: giveaca
33、llgiveacallTheywereTheyweregivinggivingtheirteachertheirteacheracallacallwhenwhenIgotthere.Igotthere.我到那时，他们正在给他们的老师打电话。我到那时，他们正在给他们的老师打电话。我到那时，他们正在给他们的老师打电话。我到那时，他们正在给他们的老师打电话。 ringupringupDidyouDidyouringring upupyourfatherlastweek?yourfatherlastweek?上周你给你的父亲打电话了吗？上周你给你的父亲打电话了吗？上周你给你的父亲打电话了吗？上周你给你
34、的父亲打电话了吗？ givearinggivearingDoyouknowwhoDoyouknowwhogavegaveZhangHuaZhangHua aaringringanhourago?anhourago?你知道一小时前谁给张华打电话了吗你知道一小时前谁给张华打电话了吗你知道一小时前谁给张华打电话了吗你知道一小时前谁给张华打电话了吗? ? telephone/phone(to)telephone/phone(to)WillyoupleaseWillyoupleasetelephonetelephone totothethepoliceman?policeman?请你给警察打个电话好吗？
35、请你给警察打个电话好吗？请你给警察打个电话好吗？请你给警察打个电话好吗？ telephonetelephone/phoneupphoneupTelephoneTelephone upupmeassoonasyouarriveinmeassoonasyouarriveinShanghai.Shanghai.你一到上海就给我打电话。你一到上海就给我打电话。你一到上海就给我打电话。你一到上海就给我打电话。【注意【注意【注意【注意】callupcallup, ,ringring upup和和和和telephonetelephone/phoneupphoneup 等是由等是由等是由等是由“ “动词动词动
36、词动词+ +副词副词副词副词” ”构成的构成的构成的构成的词词词词组，如果组，如果组，如果组，如果它们的宾语是代词它们的宾语是代词它们的宾语是代词它们的宾语是代词，这个词要用这个词要用这个词要用这个词要用在副词之前在副词之前在副词之前在副词之前。请马上给他打电话。请马上给他打电话。Pleasecallhimupatonce,please!王萍没来，王萍没来，我现在正要给她打电话。我现在正要给她打电话。WangPingisnthere.Iwanttophoneherupnow.Practise5.Theytoldmestoriesaboutthepastandhowthingsusedtobe.
37、他们给我讲过去的生活经历，讲过去是社么样子他们给我讲过去的生活经历，讲过去是社么样子的。的。Usetobe表示过去一度存在，但现在已经消失表示过去一度存在，但现在已经消失的某一特定情形。作这一用法时，的某一特定情形。作这一用法时，usedto常与常与Be,have,live,stay,like,love等词语连用，表示等词语连用，表示“曾经曾经”例如：例如：Sheusedtobeaveryclosefriendofmine.Useto还可用来表示还可用来表示“过去常常做某事，但过去常常做某事，但现在不那样子了现在不那样子了”例如：例如：Heusedtoarrivelatelastyear,bu
38、tnowhedoesnt.他去年常常迟到，但现在不了。他去年常常迟到，但现在不了。Didyouusetosingwhenyoutookashower?你以前经常在洗澡时唱歌吗？你以前经常在洗澡时唱歌吗？6.IgetsuchastrongfeelingofsatisfactionwhenIseetheanimalsgetbetterandthelookofjoyontheirownersfaces.”当我看到动物们病情渐好，看到它们主人脸上当我看到动物们病情渐好，看到它们主人脸上喜悦的表情时，我产生那么一种极强的满足感。喜悦的表情时，我产生那么一种极强的满足感。“get”两次用法不同。两次用法不
39、同。第一个第一个get意为意为“产生，产生，形成形成”，为及物动词，为及物动词，常与常与feeling(感觉感觉,情感情感)，idea（想法，主意）等词搭配使用，例如：（想法，主意）等词搭配使用，例如：Howdidyougetsuchanidea?第二个第二个get为系动词，后接形容词，表示体质、为系动词，后接形容词，表示体质、情绪、天气等方面的变化，通常译作情绪、天气等方面的变化，通常译作“变为变为”如：如：Hegotangrywithmeafterthat.Itsgettinghotternow.7.Shecouldreadbyherselfattheageoffour.“by+反身代词反
40、身代词”表示表示“独自地；独立的独自地；独立的”，常与动词或动词短语连用，作句子的方式常与动词或动词短语连用，作句子的方式状语。状语。e.g.Childrenshouldlearntodothingsbythemselves.孩子们应该学会独立做事。孩子们应该学会独立做事。8.Volunteeringhereisadreamcometrueforme.在这里当志愿者对我来说是梦想成真。在这里当志愿者对我来说是梦想成真。此句中此句中adreamcometrue表示梦想成真表示梦想成真，是，是固定搭配，再如：固定搭配，再如：IgotthelatestCDplayerasabirthdayprese
41、ntyesterday.Itwasjustadreamcometrue!昨天我收到一份生日礼物，是那种最新的昨天我收到一份生日礼物，是那种最新的CD播放机，真是梦想成真啦。播放机，真是梦想成真啦。volunteer可以为及物动词，意为可以为及物动词，意为“自愿献出自愿献出”；它还可以做不及物动词，意为它还可以做不及物动词，意为“自愿自愿”；还可以；还可以做名词，意为做名词，意为“志愿者志愿者”。例如：。例如：Wouldyouliketovolunteeryourmoneytohelphim?Ivolunteertohelpthedisabledpeople.Thesestudentsarevo
42、lunteers.一一根据句意和根据句意和首首字母，填写所缺单字母，填写所缺单词。词。1.Iamveryh_.Givemesomefood,please.2.ItisFridaytoday.Dontp_offitanymore.3.Heisav_,andheoftenhelpsotherstodohousework.4.Mycomputerisbroken.Heisr_itforme.5.Thereisas_.Itsays“NoSmoking!” ungryutoluntryepairingighB.根据根据汉语提示完成句子。汉语提示完成句子。6.Illhelp_(把把城市公园打扫干净城市公园
43、打扫干净).7.Wecant_(推迟所推迟所有有计计划划).8.Idliketo_(鼓舞生病的孩了鼓舞生病的孩了).9.Weregoingto_(建立一家建立一家foodbank)tohelphungrypeople.10.Youcould_(分发食物分发食物)atafoodbank.cleanupthecitypark.putoffalltheplans.cheerupthesickchildren.setupafoodbank.giveout1.Helookssad.Lets_.A.cheeruphimB.cheerhimupC.fixuphimD.cheerheup2.Weregoing
44、to_tablesbeforetheparty.A.fixupB.putupC.setupD.cutup3.Ididntsellit.I_it_.A.putupB.putonC.putdownD.giveaway二二单项选择。单项选择。BAD4.Idonthaveanymoreofthesekindofpaper.Ihave_it.A.runofoutB.runofC.runoutD.runoutof5.IftheUFOcame,Iwould_thepolice.A.calloutB.speakoutC.callupD.speakup6.Wecant_reviewing,becausethef
45、inaltestisonlythreeweeks.A.putoutB.putoffC.putdownD.writedownDCB7.Wecould_somemoviepostersonthewallofourcinema.A.putoutB.putoffC.putdownD.putup8.Idliketojointheschoolvolunteerproject,but_A.whatIshoulddoB.whatshouldIdoD.writedownourcinema.DAHomeworkRevisethephraseslearnedinthissectionandtrytomakesentenceswiththem.
