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1、语法填空题的解题策略及技巧语法填空题的解题策略及技巧 语法填空题主要考察学生对句子结构的分析能语法填空题主要考察学生对句子结构的分析能力以及对一些基本语法现象的熟练程度。考题中涉力以及对一些基本语法现象的熟练程度。考题中涉及的词类主要有代词、连词、介词、冠词、名词、及的词类主要有代词、连词、介词、冠词、名词、动词、形容词、副词等动词、形容词、副词等8类。值得注意到是，类。值得注意到是，在没在没有给提示词的情况下，通常只需要考虑代词、连词、有给提示词的情况下，通常只需要考虑代词、连词、介词、冠词介词、冠词；如果考察名词、形容词、副词、动词如果考察名词、形容词、副词、动词的用法，命题人会在相应空格
2、后的括号里给出提示的用法，命题人会在相应空格后的括号里给出提示词词。在答题时，学生除了需要考虑一些基本语法的。在答题时，学生除了需要考虑一些基本语法的意义及用法（如时态、语态、各种非谓语动词的用意义及用法（如时态、语态、各种非谓语动词的用法），还需要考虑各种词类的语法特点及其在句子法），还需要考虑各种词类的语法特点及其在句子中的基本功能。下面我们首先了解一下试题中可能中的基本功能。下面我们首先了解一下试题中可能出现的各种词类的基本功能。出现的各种词类的基本功能。1.代词：代词： 1)人称代词人称代词 (1) 主格主格,做主语：做主语：we,I,you,they,he,she,it(2)宾格宾格
3、,做宾语：做宾语：us,me,you,them,him,her,it(3)形容词性所有格形容词性所有格,做定语做定语our,my,your,their,his,her,its(4)名词性所有格名词性所有格,做主语、宾语、表语做主语、宾语、表语ours,mine,yours,theirs,his,hers,its(5)反身代词反身代词,做宾语、同位语做宾语、同位语:ourselves,myself,yourself/yourselvesthemselves,himself,herself,itself2)指示代词指示代词,做主语、宾语、定语：做主语、宾语、定语：this,that,these,t
4、hose3)不定代词：不定代词：(1)做主语、宾语、定语做主语、宾语、定语all,some,any,both,neither,either,none,one,another,other(s)(2)做主语、宾语做主语、宾语everyone/everybody,someone/somebody,anyone/anybody,nobody,(3)做主语、宾语做主语、宾语everything,something,anything,nothing1.Does_matterifhecantfinishthejobontime?2._isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasan
5、internationallanguage.3.Ihate_whenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.4.Iwasdisappointedwiththefilm.Ihadexpected_tobemuchbetter.5.TheParkersboughtanewhousebut_willneedalotofworkbeforetheycanmovein.6.Fewpleasurescanequal_ofacooldrinkonahotday.7.Mr.Zhanggavethetextbookstoallthepupilsexcept_whohadalreadytake
6、nthem.the_whohadalreadytakenthem.8.Wecouldnteatinarestaurantbecause_ofushadanymoneyonus.itItitititthatonesthosenone9.Theywereallverytired,but_ofthemwouldstoptotakearest.10.Doyouwantteaorcoffee?_.Ireallydontmind.11.Therescoffeeandtea,youcanhave_.12.IinvitedJoeandLindatodinner,but_ofthemcame.13.Theres
7、littlecookingoilleftinthehouse.Wouldyougotothecornerstoreandget_?14.Shedoesntknowanyonehere.Shehasgotno_totalkto.15.Oneofthesidesoftheboardshouldbepaintedyellow,andthe_white.16.Meetingmyuncleafteralltheseyearswasanunforgettablemoment,_Iwillalwaystreasure.noneEithereitherneithersomeoneotherone17.Is_h
8、ere?.No,BobandTimhaveaskedforleave.18.Iagreewithmostofwhatyousaid,butIdontagreewith_.19.Susan,goandjoinyoursistercleaningtheyard.Why_?20.IsyourcameralikeBillsandAnns?.No,butitsalmostthesameas_.A.herB.yoursC.themD.their21.Tomfeltthathekneweverybodysbusinessbetterthantheyknewit_.22.Catherineboughtapos
9、tcardoftheplaceshewasvisiting,addressed_to_andthenposteditatthenearbypostoffice.everybodyeverythingmethemselvesBitherself23.BothLiMingandIboughtacar.Hisisblueand_isblack.24.LiHua,LiLinand_areallinthesameschool._allliveinthesamebuilding._roomisonthefirstfloorwhiletheirsisonthesecondfloor.25.-Haveyouf
10、inished_homeworkyet?-Yes.-Didyoufinished_by_?-Yes,Ofcourse.Ialwaysdo_homeworkby_.26._isSundaytoday.Wehadplannedtogooutforpicnic,but_israininghard.mineIWeMyyourityourselfmymyselfItit27.-DoyouknowJack?-No.Iamanewcomer.Iknow_here/Idontknow_here.28.Yousee.Alargecrowdofpeoplearegathering.Iguess_terriblem
11、usthavehappened.29.JoanisawhitegirlandNancyisablackgirl._ofthemaremyfriendsbut_ofthemcanspeakChinese.30_thestudentsinClass1areboys,but_ofthemdobetterinEnglishthanLiHua,whoisgirlofClass2.31_whowantstotakepartinthesportsmeetcansignuphere.nobodyanyone/anybodyBothneithersomethingAllnoneThose2.连词连词1)并列连词
12、并列连词,连接并列句及各种并列的句子成连接并列句及各种并列的句子成分，如主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状分，如主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语语:and,or,while,so2)从属连词从属连词(1)连接名词性从句连接名词性从句whether,if,thatwho(ever),whom(ever),whose,which(ever)where(ever),when(ever),why,how(2)连接定语从句连接定语从句who,whom,whose,that,which,aswhere,when,why,(3)连接状语从句连接状语从句表示时间表示时间when,while,as,after,
13、before,until,till,表示原因表示原因because,as,since,for表示地点表示地点where表示条件表示条件if表示比较表示比较/方式方式than,as表示让步表示让步although,though1.Inthedarkstreet,therewasntasingleperson_/_shecouldturntoforhelp.2.GeorgeOrwell,_realnamewasEricArthur,wrotemanypoliticalnovelsandessays.3.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,_wasmorethanweco
14、uldexpect.4._isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.5.York,_Ivisitedlastyear,isaniceoldcity.6.Sheheardaterriblenoise,_broughtherheartintohermouth.7.AfterlivinginParisforfiftyyearshereturnedtothesmalltown_hegrewupasachild.8.Thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome_Iwastakengoodcareofintha
15、tfar-awayvillage.whomwhosewhichAswhichwhichwherewhenwho9.Markwasastudentatthisuniversityfrom1999to2003,during_timehestudiedveryhardandwasmadeChairmanoftheStudentsUnion.10.Hersisterhasbecomealawyer,_shewantedtobe.11.Women_drinkmorethantwocupsofcoffeeadayhaveagreaterchanceofhavingheartdiseasethanthose
16、_dont.12.Idontlikechicken_fish.Idontlikechicken,_Ilikefishverymuch.13._the2000OlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijingisnotknownyet.14._hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.15.Itworriedherabit_herhairwasturninggrey.whichwhichwhowhoorbutWhetherWhatthat16.Thelasttimewehadgreatfunwas_wewerevisitingtheWa
17、terPark.17.Youdbetternotleavethemedicine_kidscangetatit.18._wantstostayinahotelhastopaytheirownway.19.Asanewdiplomat,heoftenthinksof_hecanreactmoreappropriatelyonsuchoccasions.18.Sheisverydeartous.Wehavebeenpreparedtodo_ittakestosaveherlife.19.Atfirsthehatedthenewjobbutdecidedtogivehimselfafewmonths
18、tosee_itgotanybetter.20.Cindyshutthedoorheavilyandburstintotears.Nooneintheofficeknew_shewassoangry.whenwhereWhoeverhowwhateverif/whetherwhy21.Imgoingtothepostoffice._yourethere,canyougetmesomestamps?22.Someonecalledmeupinthemiddlethenight,buttheyhungup_Icouldanswerthephone.23.Themenwillhavetowaital
19、lday_thedoctorworksfaster.24.MrHallunderstandsthat_mathshasalwaysbeeneasyforhim,itisnoteasyforthestudents.25.Ifweworkwithastrongwill,wecanovercomeanydifficulty,_greatitis.26.AllowChildrenthespacetovoicetheiropinions,even_theyaredifferentfromyourown.27._Iexplainedonthephone,yourrequestwillbeconsidere
20、datthenextmeeting.When/WhilebeforeunlessalthoughhoweverifAs3.介词介词1)与名词的搭配与名词的搭配(名词名词+介词介词;介词介词+名词名词)2)与动词的搭配与动词的搭配3)与形容词的搭配与形容词的搭配4)介词短语的固定搭配介词短语的固定搭配1.Weofferedhimourcongratulations_hispassingthecollegeentranceexams.2.Ifyoukeepon,youllsucceed_time.3.Yourperformanceinthedrivingtestdidntreachrequired
21、standard,_otherwords,youfailed.4.Howlonghasthisbookshopbeeninbusiness?._1982.5.Dontallspeakatonce!One_atime,please.6.Thetrainleavesat6:00pm.SoIhavetobeatthestation_5:40p.m.atthelatest.7._productionupby60%,thecompanyhashadanotherexcellentyear.8.Theyhadapleasantchat_acupofcoffee.onininSinceatbyWithove
22、r9.Youknow,Bobisalittleslow_understanding,so.So,Ihavetobepatient_him.10.HesuddenlysawSue_theroom.Hepushedhisway_thecrowdofpeopletogettoher.11.Aftertheearthquake,theinjuredwerecared_inthehospitalsortakenbyairtothehospitalsintheneighbouringcities.12.Mysisterwasagainstmysuggestionwhilemybrotherwas_favo
23、urofit.13.Sorry.Madam.Youdbettercometomorrowbecauseits_thevisitinghours.14.Peoplehavealwaysbeencurious_howlivingthingsontheearthexactlybegan.inwithacrossthroughforinbeyondabout14.Itsquite_mewhysuchthingshavebeenallowedtohappen.15.AcleanenvironmentcanhelpthecitybidfortheOlympics,which_returnwillpromo
24、teitseconomicdevelopment.16.Scientistsareconvinced_thepositiveeffectoflaughter_physicalandmentalhealth.beyondinofon4.冠词冠词(位于名词前面位于名词前面)1)定冠词定冠词:the(基本用法；固定搭配）基本用法；固定搭配）2)不定冠词：不定冠词：a,an(基本用法；固定搭配）基本用法；固定搭配）1.AlexanderGrahamBellinvented_telephonein1876.2.Mostanimalshavelittleconnectionwithanimalsof_di
25、fferentkindunlesstheykillthemforfood.3.Manypeoplearestillin_habitofwritingsillythingsinpublicplaces.4.Sheis_newcomertochemistrybutshehasalreadymadesomeimportantdiscoveries.5.Manypeopleagreethat_knowledgeofEnglishisamustininternationaltradetoday.6.MrSmith,theresamanat_frontdoorwhosayshehasnewsforyouo
26、fgreatimportance.theatheaathe7.Haveyouseen_pen?Ileftitherethismorning.Isit_blackone?IthinkIsawitsomewhere.8.PapermoneywasinuseinChinawhenMarcoPolovisitedthecountryin_thirteenthcentury.(99)9.Summersin_southofFrancearefor_mostpartdryandsunny.10.Idlikesomeinformationaboutthemanagementofyourhotel,please
27、.Well,youcouldhave_wordwiththemanager.Hemightbehelpful.11.Mrs.Taylorhas_8-year-olddaughterwhohas_giftforpaintingshehaswontwonationalprizes.aathethetheaana5.名词名词,做主语、宾语、表语做主语、宾语、表语(可可/不可数，单不可数，单/复数复数)1.Wehaveworkedouttheplanandnowwemustputitinto_(real).2.Heresmycard.Letskeepin_(connect).3.Illlookinto
28、thematterassoonaspossible.Justhavealittle_.(patient)4.TheheadofficeofthebankisinBeijing,butithas_(branch)alloverthecountry.5.Tomakemembersofateamperformbetter,thetrainerfirstofallhastoknowtheir_(strong)andweaknesses.6.The_(express)onhisfacetoldmethathewasangry.7.Mostair_ (pollute) iscausedbytheburni
29、ngoffuelslikecoal,gasandoil.realityconnectionpatiencebranchesstrengthsexpressionpollution8.Idlikesome_(inform)aboutthemanagementofyourhotel,please.9._(study)showthatpeoplearemorelikelytosufferfrombackproblemsiftheyalwayssitbeforecomputerscreensforlonghours.10.Aftertwoyearsresearch,wenowhaveafarbette
30、r_(understand)ofthedisease.informationStudiesunderstanding6.形容词形容词(做表语、做表语、作定语作定语)1.Howdidyoufindyourvisittothemuseum?.Ithoroughlyenjoyedit.Itwasfarmore_(interest)thanIexpected.2.Johnwasso_(sleep)thathecouldhardlykeephiseyesopen.3.Studentsbraveenoughtotakethisadventurecoursewillcertainlylearnalotof_
31、(use)skills.4.Ifitisquite_(convenience)toyou,IwillvisityounextTuesday.5.Mymotheralwaysgetsabit_(anxiety)ifwedontarrivewhenwesaywewill.6.Ofthetwosisters,Bettyisthe_(young)one,andsheisalsotheonewholovestobequiet.interestingsleepyusefulconvenientanxiousyounger7.Didyouenjoyyourselfattheparty?Yes.Iveneve
32、rbeentoa_(excite)onebefore.8.Youcanseethestarsonaclearnight,butinthedaytimetheyare_(visible).9.Itisntsocially_(accept)forparentstoleavechildrenunattendedatthatage.10.ErnestvisitedtheSouthPolebecausehewantedtoseeoneofthe_(cold)regionsintheworld.11.Ihavebeenconvincedthattheprintmediaareusuallymoreaccu
33、rateandmore_(rely)thantelevision.moreexcitinginvisibleacceptablecoldestreliable7.副词副词(做状语，做状语，修饰修饰动词、形容词或副词动词、形容词或副词)1.Studentsbraveenoughtotakethisadventurecoursewill_(certain)learnalotofusefulskills.2.Wedecidednottoclimbthemountainsbecauseitwasraining_(heavy).3.Thegreatsuccessofthisprogramhasbeen_
34、(large)duetothesupportgivenbythelocalbusinessmen.4.Greenproductsarebecomingmoreandmorepopularbecausetheyare_(environment)friendly5.Thecommitteeisdiscussingtheproblemrightnow.Itwill_(hope)havebeensolvedbytheendofnextweek.certainlyheavilylargelyenvironmentallyhopefully6.Workgetsdone_(easy)whenpeopledo
35、ittogether,andtherewardsarehighertoo.7.Thoughhestartedlate.Mr.Guoplayedthepianoaswellas,ifnot_(well)than,MisLiu.8.Alanisacarefuldriver,buthedrives_(care)ofmyfriends.9.Thechildrenlovedtheirdaytrip,andtheyenjoyedthehorseride_(much).10.Volunteeringisbecoming_(increase)popularinChina.Yeah,peoplearenowaw
36、arethathelpingothersishelpingthemselves.moreeasilybettertheleastcarefullymostincreasingly8.动词动词1)谓语动词谓语动词(1)主动语态主动语态(各种时态各种时态)(2)被动语态被动语态(各种时态各种时态)1.Ifcitynoises_(notkeep)fromincreasing,peoplewillhavetoshouttobeheardevenatthedinnertable20yearsfromnow.2.You_(leave)thelighton.Oh,soIhave._(go)andturnit
37、off.3.Whydontputthemeatinthefridge?It_(stay)freshforseveraldays.4.Hundredsofjobs_(lose)ifthefactorycloses.5.Wewereallsurprisedwhenhemadeitclearthathe_(leave)officesoon.arenotkepthaveleftIwillgowillstaywillbelostwouldleave6.Assoonashe_(come)back,Illtellhimwhenyouwillcomeandseehim.7.Tom,youdidntcometo
38、thepartylastnight?Iwasgoingto,butIsuddenly_(remember)Ihadhomeworktodo.8.Nodecisionwillbemadeaboutanyfutureappoint-mentuntilallthecandidates_(interview).9.Danielsfamily_(enjoy)theirholidayinHuangshanthistimenextweek.10.Tomslippedintothehousewhennoone_(look).11.Thelittlegirlcriedherheartoutbecauseshe_
39、(lose)esrememberedhavebeeninterviewedwillbeenjoyingwaslookinghadlost12.Thesilenceofthelibrary_(break)onlybythesoundofpagesbeingturnedover.13.Hetoldthevisitorsmorethanadozenstudentsinthatschool_(send)abroadtostudymedicinelastyear.14.Whatsthatterriblenoise?Theneighbors_(prepare)foraparty.15.Haveyoumov
40、edintothenewhouse?Notyet.Therooms_(paint).16.They_ontheprogramforalmostoneweekbeforeIjoinedthem,andnowwearestillworkingonitasnogoodresultshavecomeoutsofar.17.Duringtheperiodofrecentterroristactivities,people_(alwayswarn)nottotouchanyunattendedbag.wasbrokenhadbeensentarepreparingarebeingpaintedhadbee
41、nworkingwerealwaysbeingwarned2)非谓语动词非谓语动词(1)动名词动名词,做主语、宾语、定语，表语做主语、宾语、定语，表语(主动、被动、各种时态主动、被动、各种时态)(2)不定式不定式,做主语、宾语、定语、表语、做主语、宾语、定语、表语、状语、宾补状语、宾补(主动、被动、各种时态主动、被动、各种时态)(3)现在分词现在分词,做定语、表语、宾补、状语做定语、表语、宾补、状语(主动、被动、各种时态主动、被动、各种时态)(4)过去分词过去分词,做定语、表语、宾补、状语做定语、表语、宾补、状语1.Hegotwell-preparedforthejobinterview,fo
42、rhecouldntrisk_(risk)thegoodopportunity.A.toloseB.C.tobelostD.beinglost2.Howdoyoudealwiththedisagreementbetweenthecompanyandthecustomers?Thekeyto_(solve)theproblemistomeetthedemand_(make)bythecustomers.3.Itsnecessarytobepreparedforajobinterview._(have)theanswersreadywillbeofgreathelp.4.Susanwantedto
43、beindependentofherparents.Shetried_(try)alone,butshedidntlikeitandmovedbackhome.5.IheartheyvepromotedTom,buthedidntmention_(promote)whenwetalkedonthephone.solvingmadeHavinglosinglivinghavingbeenpromoted6.The_(miss)missingboyswerelastseen_(play)neartheriver.7.Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfound_(s
44、moke)inthekitchen.8.Not_(receive)areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.9._(wait)inthequeueforhalfanhour,Tomsuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletathome.10.ThevisitingMinisterexpressedhissatisfactionwiththetalks,_(add)thathehadenjoyedhisstayhere.11.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,_(make)itthemostpopular
45、sportintheworld.(98)12.Thepicture_(hang)onthewallispaintedbymynephew.missingplayingsmokinghavingreceivedHavingwaitedaddingmakinghanging13.Icouldntdomyhomeworkwithallthatnoise_(go)on.14._(separate)fromothercontinentsformillionsofyears,Australiahasmanyplantsandanimalsnotfoundinanyothercountryintheworl
46、d.15.Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishands_(tie)behindhisback.16.Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee_(carry)outthenextyear.17.Thefirsttextbooks_(write)forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.18._(give)time,hellmakeafirst-classtennisplayer.goingHavingbeenseparatedtied
47、carriedwrittengiven19.Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallyget_(pay)bythehour.20._(dress)inawhiteuniform,helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor.(05湘湘)21.MrsSmithwarnedherdaughternever_(drive)afterdrinking.22.Johnwasmade_(wash)thetruckforaweekaapunishment.23.Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,butitre
48、mains_(see)whethertheywillenjoyit.24.Robertissaid_(study)abroad.butIdontknowwhatcountryhestudiedin.23_(get)theprojectcompletedintime,wellworktwomorehoursaday.paidDressedtodrivetowashtobeseentohavestudiedToget下面我们通过示图分析各词类与句子各不同成下面我们通过示图分析各词类与句子各不同成分之间的对应关系，从而进一步讨论语法填空题分之间的对应关系，从而进一步讨论语法填空题解题策略与技巧。解题
49、策略与技巧。(状状)(定定)主主(定定)(状状)谓谓(状状)(状状)(定定)宾宾(状状)代代名名动名动名代代名名动名动名动动代代冠冠形形分词分词分词分词介短介短不不定定式式代代冠冠形形分词分词副副副副副副介短介短不不定定式式副副(状状)(定定)主主(定定)(状状)谓谓(状状)(状状)(定定)宾宾(状状)副副代代代代分词分词副副动动副副副副代代代代副副冠冠名名介短介短介短介短冠冠名名介短介短形形动名动名形形动名动名分词分词分词分词不不定定式式不不定定式式连连副副介短介短不不定定式式不不定定式式TheNobelPrizeisoneofthegreatesthonorsintheworldtoday
50、.Onceayear,peoplewinthisprizefor16_workinphysics,chemistry,medicine,literature,economy,orworldpeace.Eachwinnerreceivesagoldmedal,adiploma,17_asumofmoney.NobelPrizewinnersreceivetheirawardsatceremoniesinStockholm,Sweden,andOslo,Norway,onDecember10,theanniversaryofthe18_(die)ofAlfredNobel.Nobellefthis
51、fortune19_(create)theNobelPrize.Hewantedpeopletorememberhim20_amanofpeace,butinhislifetimehewasmostfamousfor21_(build)weaponsofwar.theiranddeathtocreateasbuildingWhenAlfredwas17yearsold,hetraveledtotheUnitedStatesandseveralEuropeancountriestostudy.ThenhereturnedtoRussiatoworkwithhisfatherandbrothers
52、,22_workedonexplosiveweapons.AprofessorshowedtheNobelaheavy,oilyliquid23_(call)nitroglycerin.Nitroglycerinwaspowerful,butitwasdangeroustoworkwith.In1863,Alfredinventedawaytomakeitsafer.24_,Nobelsinventionwasnotperfectasnitroglycerinexplodedifsomeonedroppeditoruseditincorrectly.Nobelwasalsointerestedinweapons.Manypeoplesaidhewasabadperson25_heinventeddestructiveweapons.whocalledHoweverbecause
