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1、得得阅阅读读者者得得天天下下阅阅读读理理解解之之技技巧巧初中阅读理解阅读材料阅读材料题材：题材：故事，寓言，故事，寓言，人物，科普，政治经济、社会文化、人物，科普，政治经济、社会文化、风俗习惯、历史、地理等风俗习惯、历史、地理等体裁：体裁：记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文，新闻报道、记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文，新闻报道、广告、通知、操作说明、书信，图画，表格等广告、通知、操作说明、书信，图画，表格等学生素质学生素质v阅读速度阅读速度v理解程度理解程度v思维能力思维能力v综合文化素质综合文化素质具体考查的内容具体考查的内容v理解具体信息理解具体信息v推测生词词义推测生词词义v理解概念性含义理解
2、概念性含义v判断、推理和引申判断、推理和引申v理解主旨要义理解主旨要义v理解结构，句段关系理解结构，句段关系v理解作者意图理解作者意图解题步骤解题步骤一、快速阅读，读懂大意一、快速阅读，读懂大意二、明确要求，逐一解答二、明确要求，逐一解答三、重读问题，理解问题三、重读问题，理解问题四、带着问题，重读文章四、带着问题，重读文章五、复读全文，最后把关五、复读全文，最后把关题型大聚会题型大聚会v1.推理题推理题v2.词汇题词汇题v3.主旨题主旨题v4.态度观点题态度观点题v5.指代题指代题解题技巧碰碰碰解题技巧碰碰碰（一）推理题及解题技巧（一）推理题及解题技巧v推理题：推理题：数字推理数字推理知识推
3、断知识推断逻辑推理逻辑推理细节推断细节推断考查理清上下逻辑关系的能力（最难）。考查理清上下逻辑关系的能力（最难）。考查学生考查学生v判断、推理和引申判断、推理和引申v理解作者的意图、观点或态度理解作者的意图、观点或态度v常用逻辑词常用逻辑词:“infer,conclude,imply,suggest”等。等。推论推论 推断推断暗示暗示 暗示暗示技巧技巧v1.吃：吃透意思吃：吃透意思v2.捕：捕捉线索捕：捕捉线索v3.挖：挖掘加工挖：挖掘加工v4.握：把握关系握：把握关系v5.摸：揣摸作者摸：揣摸作者1.数字推断题vMrBrownfirstwenttolookattheunderground-f
4、irewhenhewasseven.Throughthehole（洞）（洞）intheearthyoucouldseetheorangefire,butyouhadtolookfastbecauseitwassohot,saidMrBrown.In1898,hesawthefireoncemore（再一次）（再一次）.1.MrBrownfirstsawtheunderground-fire_.A.attheageofseven B.sevenyearsoldC.intheyearof1898D.morethan（超过）（超过）80yearsagoAPartyinTaiwan.Onhisnine
5、-daytripfromMay5-13,hevisitedXian,Nanjing,ShanghaiandChangsha,aswellasBeijing.Soong,63,wasborninXiangtan,HunanProvincein1942.HewenttoTaiwanwithhisfatherattheageofseven.67.SoongwenttoTaiwanwithhisfatherin_.A.1942B.1945C.1949D.19481.数字推断题例题：例题：TheUnitedStatesbecameanindependentcountryin1783,andNewYork
6、Wasitscapitalforashorttime.TheUnitedStatesbecameanindependentcountryin_.A.the17thcenturyB.the16thcenturyC.the18thcenturyD.the19thcentury注意年与世纪的关系，注意年与世纪的关系，例如：例如：1867年是年是19世纪，世纪，1990年是年是20世纪世纪,2008年是年是21世纪。世纪。2.知识推断题知识推断题知识推断：知识推断：根据细节，运用基础知识进行分析、推敲，根据细节，运用基础知识进行分析、推敲，得出符合文章原义的结论的一种推断方法。得出符合文章原义的结论的
7、一种推断方法。实例实例Tokyo：Threesnakes,whosepoisoncouldkillapersonintenminutes,areguardingabluestarsapphire（蓝宝石）worthnearlysixhundreddollarsataJapaneseexhibitionofjewelssentfromanIndianmuseum.“Normallyitwouldbeforbiddentoletthesepoisonoussnakesguardexhibitionobjects,butitsdifferentthistimebecausethejewelsareb
8、eingexhibitedatahotel,”apolicesaid.Thejewelswasbeingshownin_.A.anIndianhotelB.anIndianmuseumC.aJapanesehotelD.aJapanesemuseumC3.逻辑结论推断题逻辑结论推断题逻辑结论：逻辑结论：指严格根据文中所陈述的事实、论点、例证指严格根据文中所陈述的事实、论点、例证等一系列论据材料进行推理，从而得出合乎等一系列论据材料进行推理，从而得出合乎逻辑的结论，而不是根据自己的经验、态度逻辑的结论，而不是根据自己的经验、态度或观点去理解文章的内涵。或观点去理解文章的内涵。实例实例Myfath
9、erhaslittletimeforfilms.Butonedayashefinishedhiswork,hefoundafilmticketundertheglassonthedesk.Hewenttothecinemaquickly.Whenhewasseated,awomancametomyfatherandsaidtheseatwashers.TheybothtookouttheirticketsandfoundtheseatshownonthemwasRow8,Seat16.Afterlookingattheticketmorecarefully,myfathersaid,“Sorr
10、y,itsnottodaysticket.”vFromthispassagewecanknowthatthewritersfatherwas_.careless4.细节推断题细节推断题为了阐明主题，作者将陈述一些事实来支持为了阐明主题，作者将陈述一些事实来支持主题，如主题，如what,who,where,when,等，即等，即“supportingdetails”。所依据的所依据的细节细节实例实例vWhenthebellwasringing.Theboyscameintotheroom.Eachonehadabatoraball.Allhadredfaces.Theyweregladtoget
11、intotheirseats.Theteachersaiditwastimetogetbacktowork.Whichofthefollowingsentenceisprobablytrue?A.Theclasswasover.B.Theboyshadjustcomebackfromplaying.C.Theteachertoldtheboystowork.B很可能的细节认定题细节认定题。此类题主要考查学生对相关信息的识别能力，旨在考查学生对短文的关键词句、某个具体事实、具体情节或特定的细节是否注意和理解。【考题再现考题再现】（2007兰州中考题）vVision-phonescanbeofgr
12、eatusewhenyouhavesomethingstoshowthepersonwhomyouarecalling.Itmayalsohaveotherusesinthefuture.Somedayyoumaybeabletocallupalibraryandasktoreadabookrightoveryourvision-phone.Youmaybeabletodosomeshoppingthroughit,too.v59.Inthefuture,youcanuseavision-phoneto_.vA.readabookvB.askanassistanttoreadabookfory
13、ouvC.askanassistanttobringyouabookvD.askanassistanttodosomeshoppingforyou【剖析】根据Somedayyoumaybeabletocallupalibraryandasktoreadabookrightoveryourvision-phone.结合someday与题干中的Inthefuture相等。所以答案为AThedeepseaisnotaneasyplacetolivein.Itiscoldanddark.Thedeeperitis,thelesslightthereis.Atthedepthofabout3,000fe
14、et,thereisnotlightatall.Besidesthecoldanddarkness,seaanimalsfaceathirddangerotheranimals.Animalseat!Theymustfindfoodtoeat.Manyanimalseatplants.However,someeatmeat.【考题再现考题再现】（2007天津中考题）v63.Howmanydangerswillanimalsmeetinthedeepseaaccordingtothepassage?A.OneB.TwoC.ThreeD.Fourv65.Accordingtothepassage,
15、whichofthefollowingisWRONG?vA.Whenoneanimalfindssomethingtoeat,itmaybeeatenbyothers.vB.Manyseaanimalseatplants.vC.Thedeepertheseais,thedarkeritis.vD.Atthedepthof3,000feet,allanimalscanfindtheirways.63.选C根据文中第五段Besidesthecoldanddarkness,seaanimalsfaceathirddanger-otheranimals这组句子。64.选D根据文中第四段第二行”Atth
16、edepthofabout3,000feet,thereisnolightatall.可推断；没有光线，就很难找到路，D项不符常见的推理判断题题干常见的推理判断题题干According tothepassage，what/whichis“”?Whichofthefollowingstatementis(not)true/correct/mentioned/listed/included?Allofthefollowingstatementsaretrue/correct/mentionedexcept_?根据根据下面的下面的陈述，表述陈述，表述正确的正确的正确的正确的提到的提到的列出的列出的包
17、括的包括的（二）词汇题及解题技巧（二）词汇题及解题技巧v测试学生根据上下文正确推测判断词义的能力。测试学生根据上下文正确推测判断词义的能力。v标志是标志是Theunderlinedword“”inlinerefersto下划线的下划线的划线的划线的指的是指的是技巧技巧v返回原文，找到该句子返回原文，找到该句子v结合上下文，理解该词意思结合上下文，理解该词意思v重点抓字面含义，不要进行归纳，演绎，推理重点抓字面含义，不要进行归纳，演绎，推理v选项中的正确答案意思与原句完全相同，只是用选项中的正确答案意思与原句完全相同，只是用其他词汇表达其他词汇表达v超纲超纲词汇不是正确答案词汇不是正确答案v正确
18、答案常蕴藏在原文该词出现前后正确答案常蕴藏在原文该词出现前后1.通过因果关系猜词通过因果关系猜词借助关联词借助关联词(如如because，as，since，for，so，thus，asaresult，ofcourse，therefore等等等等)Youshouldnthaveblamedhimforthat，foritwasnthisfault.猜词题实例猜词题实例因为因此因此结果结果因此因此错误错误2.通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词1)同义词同义词vand或或or连接的词组连接的词组e.g.happyandgayhappyorsadv解释过程中使用的同义词解释过程中
19、使用的同义词e.g.ManhasknownsomethingabouttheplanetsVenus，Mars,andJupiter.行星行星金星金星火星火星木星木星2)反义词反义词表转折关系的连词或副词，表转折关系的连词或副词，如如but，while，however等等与与not搭配的或表示否定意义搭配的或表示否定意义的词语的词语Heissohomely，notashandsomeashisbrother.3.通过构词法猜词通过构词法猜词1).前缀un-表反义词，如happy、unhappy，fair、unfair，important、unimportant等。2).后缀-ment表名词，如
20、develop、development，state、statement，argue、argument等。3).后缀-er、-or或-ist表同源名词，如calculate、calculator，visit、visitor，law、lawyer，wait、waiter，science、scientist，art、artist等。4.通过定义或释义关系来推测词义通过定义或释义关系来推测词义Butsometimes,norainfallsforalong，longtime.Thenthereisadryperiod，ordrought.5.通过句法功能来推测词义通过句法功能来推测词义vBananas
21、，oranges，pineapples，coconutsandsomeotherkindoffruitgrowinwarmareas.6.通过描述猜词通过描述猜词ThepenguinisakindofseabirdlivingintheSouthPole.Itisfatandwalksinafunnyway.Althoughitcannotfly,itcanswimintheicywatertocatchthefish.WhenJackfirstheardaboutthesechildren,hewantedtohelpthem.OnceJackwenttomeetalittlegirlinA
22、frica.“WhenImether,Ifeltveryveryhappy.”Hesaid“AndIsawthatthemoneywasusedforagoodcause.IwanttodoeverythingIwanttogoonhelpingthosechildren.”65.Theunderlinedwords“foragoodcause”means“_”inChinese.A.施舍B.行善C.优惠D.赏赐【剖析剖析】单从单从cause一词很难判断，一词很难判断，cause有有“原因，理由，事业原因，理由，事业”，也有，也有“使使引起、使招致的意思。因为整篇文章说的是引起、使招致的意思。
23、因为整篇文章说的是Jack给儿童的捐款行为。划线短语给儿童的捐款行为。划线短语的句子的意思是：他看到这些钱用于的句子的意思是：他看到这些钱用于”行善行善“，这给他带来很多快乐。，这给他带来很多快乐。【考题再现考题再现】（2007重庆中考题）（三）主旨题及解题技巧（三）主旨题及解题技巧v主旨要义主旨要义v整体理解整体理解v概括能力概括能力v标志词有：标志词有：“mainlyabout；mainlydiscuss；besttitle”等。等。标题标题主要的主要的讨论讨论技巧技巧v注意首段和各段第一句话注意首段和各段第一句话,将其含义连接成一个将其含义连接成一个整体整体v小心小心“首段陷阱首段陷阱”
24、,不要一看开头就选择答案不要一看开头就选择答案常见提问：常见提问：1.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?2.Whatistheauthorsmainpoint?3.Whatisthesubjectofthispassage?4.Themainpurposeofthepassage?5.Thetitleofthispassagewouldbe_.6.Thebesttitleofthispassagecould(would)be_.7.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?8.Thetopicsentenceofthepassageis_.9.
25、Thewriterinthetextmainlytellsus_.10.Thepassageismainlyaimedto_.11.Paragraph1mainlytellsus_.12.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?13.Whichofthefollowingsentencecanbestdescribethemainideaofthepassage?描述描述短文短文大意大意实例实例Allstudentsofgeographyshouldbeabletoexplainaweathermapexactly.Weatherconditionisahugeamountof
26、informationaboutconditionatatimeofobservationoveralargegeographicalarea.Theyshowinafewminuteswhatotherwisewouldtakehourstodescribe.TheUnitedStatesWeatherOfficegivesoutinformationaboutcomingstorms,floods,freeze,dryness,andallclimaticconditionsingeneral.Twiceamonthitgivesouta30-day“out-look”whichisaba
27、sicguidetoweatherconditionslikelytohappenallovertheUnitedStates.Question：Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A.Weathermapsareveryimportanttostudentsofgeography.B.Weathermapscanhavea30-day“outlook”.C.Studentsofgeographyshouldbeabletomakeweathermapsexactly.D.Thosewhomajoringeographyshouldhavetheabilitytoha
28、veagoodunderstandingofaweathermap.关键关键-主题句主题句主题句：凡表述段落（或短文）主旨大意的句子。主题句：凡表述段落（或短文）主旨大意的句子。三个特点：三个特点：（1）总领性强，概括性强）总领性强，概括性强（2）结构简单，不用难句）结构简单，不用难句（3）其他句子解释、支撑或扩展主题句，起服从、）其他句子解释、支撑或扩展主题句，起服从、论证、补充的作用论证、补充的作用实例实例vJoshuaBinghamstudiedfouryearsattheUniversityofParisanddecidedtoleavebeforehisgraduation.Hech
29、angedtotheUniversityofBerlinandgraduatedwithhonors.HarvardLawSchoolandlater,BostonCollegeprovidedhimwithanexcellentlegalbackground.HeispresentlyabusinesslawyerinMiami,Florida.v从以上这个段落，我们发现没有一个句子可以单独陈述该段落的从以上这个段落，我们发现没有一个句子可以单独陈述该段落的主题，那么，作者写这个段落的目的是什么呢？通过仔细阅读和主题，那么，作者写这个段落的目的是什么呢？通过仔细阅读和理解每个句子的意思之后，
30、我们便可领悟，作者想告诉读者的是：理解每个句子的意思之后，我们便可领悟，作者想告诉读者的是：JoshuaBinghamreceivedanexcellenteducation.所以说这种文章所以说这种文章（或段落）只能从文章的字里行间去理解作者的意图，这样才能（或段落）只能从文章的字里行间去理解作者的意图，这样才能推断出文章的主旨大意。推断出文章的主旨大意。（四）态度观点题及解题技巧（四）态度观点题及解题技巧v理解作者的意图理解作者的意图,观点或态度的能力。观点或态度的能力。标志词标志词:attitude,purpose等。等。态度目的技巧技巧v态度词态度词:Opposition反对，反对，s
31、uspicion怀疑的，怀疑的，Approval支持，支持，Optimistic乐观的，乐观的，subjective主主观的，观的，objective客观的，客观的，pessimistic悲观的，悲观的，biased有偏见的，有偏见的，impartial公正的，公正的，sensitive敏敏感的，感的，indifference冷漠冷漠(一般不选一般不选)。v不要搀杂自己的观点不要搀杂自己的观点v寻找文中具有感情色彩的词寻找文中具有感情色彩的词v抓论述的主线及举例的方式抓论述的主线及举例的方式49.Whatdoyouthinkofthetaxidriver?_A.Hewasnotanhonest
32、person.B.Helikedtoworkveryhard.C.HewasgoodatdrivingD.Hewasakindandcleverman选选A.出租车司机在火车站在载了一名客人去一个很近的酒店，但他却绕路多赚车费。客出租车司机在火车站在载了一名客人去一个很近的酒店，但他却绕路多赚车费。客人非常气愤地说：人非常气愤地说：“What?Fifteendollars?DoyouthinkImafool?Onlylastweek,ItookataxifromtherailstationtothesamehotelandIonlygivethedriverthirteendollars.”从
33、从Whenthetaxidriverheardthat,hedidntfeelhappyanymore及及Butsuddenly,hehadanidea.Hetookthepassengerthroughmanystreetsofthecity可知司机可知司机不诚实。诚实的人还用绕道吗？不诚实。诚实的人还用绕道吗？（五）指代题及解题技巧（五）指代题及解题技巧整体理解文章的能力，整体理解文章的能力，并推断出该处指代词所代表的含义。并推断出该处指代词所代表的含义。技巧技巧v返回原文，找出题的指代词返回原文，找出题的指代词v找最近的名词找最近的名词,名词性词组或句子名词性词组或句子v将找到的替换该指
34、代词将找到的替换该指代词,看意思是否通顺看意思是否通顺v找出最佳答案找出最佳答案vIfyouarevisitinganothercountryyoumayfeelthatyoudonthaveanyprivatespace.Hotelroomslookmuchthesameineverycountryintheworld.Alldaylong,yousharepublicspaceswithotherpople.Youseethelocalpeopleintheirprivatespacesandyoufeellonelyand“outside”.Localpeoplecancreatethe
35、irprivatespacesbytalkingaboutthingsyoudontknowabout.Andyouevenfeelthattheylikeyoutobeoutsidethemsothattheywillenjoybeinginsideevenmore!Thisisoneofthedifficultiesofbeingatraveler!Butifyouunderstanditthenithelpsyou.Haventyouenjoyedbeingpartofagroupand“owning”abitofspace?v3.InParagraph4,thepronoun“them
36、refersto（所指）“_”.vA.publicspacesB.privatespacesC.localpeople典型例题分析典型例题分析根据内容，从短文后每题的四个选项中选择最佳的一项。根据内容，从短文后每题的四个选项中选择最佳的一项。MrBrownfirstwenttolookattheunderground-firewhenhewasseven.Throughthehole（洞）洞）intheearthyoucouldseetheorangefire,butyouhadtolookfastbecauseitwassohot,saidMrBrown.In1898,hesawthefir
37、eoncemore（再一次）再一次）.Now,wecanonlyseethesmoke.ThefireMrBrownsawisnottheunderground-fire.Infact,thereare260coal（煤）煤）firesintheworld.Theyareharmful（有害）有害）anddangerous.Thenhowtoputthemout?Scientistshavetriedtoset（放置）放置）firetoundergroundcoaltospeedup（加速）加速）thefires.Inthisway,theburning（燃烧）燃烧）ofunderground
38、coalwouldbesoonfinished.（被烧完）。被烧完）。1.MrBrownfirstsawtheunderground-fire_.A.attheageofsevenB.sevenyearsoldC.intheyearof1898D.morethan（超过）超过）80yearsago2.MrBrownsaidthatwehadtotakeafastlookatthefirebecause_.A.itwasintheholeB.itwasveryhotC.itwasorangeD.itwasharmful3.Howmanycoalfiresarethereintheworld?A.
39、Theresonlyone.B.Itshardtosay.C.Thereare260. D.Thearticle（文章）文章）doesnttellus.A ABC4.Whatsoneofthebestwaystoputout（扑灭）扑灭）theundergroundfire?A.Tocover（覆盖）覆盖）theholeswithstones（石块）石块）.B.Tospeedupthefires.C.Toseethefiresburning.D.Todosomeexperiments（试验）试验）.5.Whatisthebesttitle（标题）标题）forthearticle?A.Watch
40、ingtheUnderground-Fire.B.AWaytoPutOuttheCoalFires.C.TheBurningEarth.D.CoalandCoalFires.BB分析分析1.在文章的第一段的第一句里可以在文章的第一段的第一句里可以找到依据找到依据。attheageofseven等于等于whenhewasseven，故正确答案为故正确答案为A。2这一题可以在第一段里直接找到答案，属于这一题可以在第一段里直接找到答案，属于直接直接回答题回答题。正确答案为。正确答案为B。3这一题可以在第二段里直接找到答案，属于这一题可以在第二段里直接找到答案，属于直接直接回答题回答题。正确答案为。正
41、确答案为C。4在文章的在文章的最后一段提到最后一段提到了扑灭火的最好方法，那了扑灭火的最好方法，那就是使火加速燃烧。正确答案为就是使火加速燃烧。正确答案为B。5完成这道题需作一定的完成这道题需作一定的归纳归纳，因为文章中，因为文章中没有给没有给出直接的回答出直接的回答。文章从。文章从MrBrown两次看火，然后说出地两次看火，然后说出地下火的危害，最后提出如何灭火的方法。文章的前两段下火的危害，最后提出如何灭火的方法。文章的前两段是给为什么要灭火和如何灭火铺垫，如何灭火才是文章是给为什么要灭火和如何灭火铺垫，如何灭火才是文章的中心。故正确答案为的中心。故正确答案为B。一、根据文章内容判断正误一
42、、根据文章内容判断正误Fredtelephonedhiswife.“Ivegottwofreeticketsforthetheatretonight,”hetoldher.“Meetmeoutsidetheoffice.Wellhavesomethingtoeatandthengoontothetheatre.”Fredswifewasverypleased.Theyhadntbeentothetheatreforalongtime.Shemetherhusbandashetoldher.Theyhaddinnerandgottothetheatrejustintime.Attheentran
43、ceFredtookouthiswallettogetthetickets.“Itsverystrange,”hesaid.“Theyarenthere!”“Tryyourpockets,”saidhiswife.Buttheticketswerentthere,either.ThenFredlookedveryembarrassed(尴尬尴尬).“Whatsthematter?”askedhiswife.“Well,”Fredsaid,“IrememberwhatIdidwithmytickets.Iputtheminmybag.ButbecauseIwasntgoinghome,Ileft
44、itintheoffice!”()1.Oneday,Fredwasgiventheticketsforthetheatre.()2.Fredandhiswifewenttothetheatrequiteoften.()3.Fredwantedtomeethiswifeinarestaurant.()4.Theyreachedthetheatreneitherlatenorearly.()5.ThenFredcouldntfindhisticketsandrememberedwhathehaddonewiththetickets. 1 1、T T 因为第一段中提到因为第一段中提到Fred tol
45、d his wife Fred told his wife “Ive got two free tickets” “free” “Ive got two free tickets” “free” 此处是免费的意思。此处是免费的意思。 2 2、F F 第二段中提到第二段中提到“They hadnt been to the theaterThey hadnt been to the theater for a long time.” for a long time.” 3 3、F F 第一段中第一段中FredFred说说“Meet me outside the office.”Meet me ou
46、tside the office.” 4 4、T T 第二段中第二段中“in time”in time”是及时的意思。是及时的意思。5T 5T 结尾处提到的。结尾处提到的。DavidMcConnellsoldbooksfromdoortodoor.Housewives(家庭主妇家庭主妇)werenotinterestedinthebooks.Usuallybeforehehadenoughtimetosayanythingabouthisbooks,thewomenclosedtheirdoors.Buthedidntgiveup.McConnelldecidedtobringeachofth
47、emapresent,asmallbottleofperfume(香水香水)madebyhimself.Hesoonfoundthatthewomenlikedtheperfumebetterthanthebooks.Hestoppedsellingbookstosellperfumeinsteadandstartedhisowncompany“Avon”,whichisagreatsuccess.Whenyoudonothing,youlearnnothing.Butwhenyoutry,eventhoughyouarenotsuccessful,youwilllearnwhatdoesnt
48、workandthatputsyouclosertowhatwillwork.Itdoesntmatterhowmanytimesyouarenotsuccessful.Itdoesmatterthatyouwillbesuccessfuloneday.Edisonwasnotonthewaytosuccessuntilpeopleboughthisfirstinvention.SuccessonceisenoughforEdison.Andthesameforyousuccessonceisenough.()1.McConnellwassuccessfulasabook-seller.()2
49、.McConnellhopedthosewomenwouldbuyhisbooksifhebroughtthemeachapresent.()3.Ifyoudonothingatall,youwillneverbesuccessful.()4.Edisonwassuccessfulattheverybeginning.()5.Thewriterencouragedustotryasmuchaswecan.F T T F TF T T F T1 1、F F 从第一段从第一段“He stopped selling books to He stopped selling books to sell
50、perfume stead.”sell perfume stead.”，可以判断出他在推销书可以判断出他在推销书方面并不成功。方面并不成功。2 2、T T 第一段第三行提到第一段第三行提到“McConnell decided to McConnell decided to bring each of them a present,”bring each of them a present,”。3 3、T T 这句是第二段前两句的解释。这句是第二段前两句的解释。4 4、F F 最后一段，第一句说明最后一段，第一句说明Edison Edison 的发明被人的发明被人们认可后才走上了成功之路。们认可
51、后才走上了成功之路。5 5、T T 第二段中作者提出了自己的观点。第二段中作者提出了自己的观点。 Sociologists(Sociologists(社会学家社会学家), working in western ), working in western countries, have found that countries, have found that a large number ofa large number of women women wished they had been born men. The number is said wished they had been b
52、orn men. The number is said to be to be as high asas high as 60% in Germany. 60% in Germany.“Women often wish they had the same chances as “Women often wish they had the same chances as men have, and think it is still mens world,” men have, and think it is still mens world,” said Dr James Helen, one
53、 of the sociologists who said Dr James Helen, one of the sociologists who did the did the studystudy. .Many men say that they have Many men say that they have moremore duties duties than than women. A man has to make money to support(women. A man has to make money to support(养活养活)his )his family and
54、 to make the important decision, so family and to make the important decision, so it it is right for men to be paid moreis right for men to be paid more. Some are even . Some are even against their wives working at all. When wives go against their wives working at all. When wives go out to work, the
55、y say, the home and children out to work, they say, the home and children cannot becannot betaken good care of. If women take full-time taken good care of. If women take full-time jobs, they wont jobs, they wont be able tobe able to do what they do what they are are best at doingbest at doing: makin
56、g a nice home and bringing : making a nice home and bringing up the children.up the children.Some women disagree. They say they want to get Some women disagree. They say they want to get out of their homes and to have freedom(out of their homes and to have freedom(自由自由) to ) to choose choose between
57、between work work andand home life. Women have home life. Women have the right of equal pay and equal chances(the right of equal pay and equal chances(平等机平等机会会).).Anne Harper has a very good job. She also Anne Harper has a very good job. She also believes in “Womens Liberation(believes in “Womens Li
58、beration(解放解放).” “).” “I I dont wish I were a mandont wish I were a man, ”she says, “and I , ”she says, “and I dont think many women do. But I do wish dont think many women do. But I do wish people would stop treating(people would stop treating(对待对待) us like ) us like secondclass people. secondclass
59、 people. At work, for example, we usually do the At work, for example, we usually do the work that men do but get paid less. There work that men do but get paid less. There are still a lot of jobs only to menare still a lot of jobs only to menusually they are the best ones. If you are usually they a
60、re the best ones. If you are a man, you have a a man, you have a much bettermuch better chance of chance of living a wonderful life. How many women living a wonderful life. How many women scientists are thereor engineers?”scientists are thereor engineers?”( ) 1. many men think_.( ) 1. many men think
61、_. A. women cant do what men can A. women cant do what men can B. men have to work much harder than B. men have to work much harder than womenwomen C. men can make money more easily than C. men can make money more easily than womenwomen D. womens duty is mainly to do D. womens duty is mainly to do h
62、ousework at homehousework at home1 1、D D 这是一道概括主旨的题，答此题的依据是第这是一道概括主旨的题，答此题的依据是第三段内容。这段开头两句话说的是重男，那么不言三段内容。这段开头两句话说的是重男，那么不言而喻，家务活和教育子女的任务应有妇女承担；另而喻，家务活和教育子女的任务应有妇女承担；另有一些男士则公开反对女士外出工作。可见，不少有一些男士则公开反对女士外出工作。可见，不少男士认为妇女的主要职责是在家料理家务。男士认为妇女的主要职责是在家料理家务。( ) 2. Some women have different ideas, ( ) 2. Some
63、 women have different ideas, They say that_.They say that_.A. women need chances to go out of the A. women need chances to go out of the home more oftenhome more oftenB. women want more freedom in deciding B. women want more freedom in deciding the kind of life they wantthe kind of life they wantC.
64、if women are given equal pay, they C. if women are given equal pay, they can do everything instead of mencan do everything instead of menD. women are no longer interested in D. women are no longer interested in taking care of their homestaking care of their homes2 2、B B 一些妇女持不同观点，文中第四段反映了一些妇女持不同观点，文
65、中第四段反映了他们的意见。这也正是文章的中心思想的写作意他们的意见。这也正是文章的中心思想的写作意图图-争取人权平等，妇女自由，男女平等。争取人权平等，妇女自由，男女平等。( ) 3. Anne Harper didnt wish to be a ( ) 3. Anne Harper didnt wish to be a man_.man_.A. because she believed in “Womens A. because she believed in “Womens Liberation”Liberation”B. but she wished to get the same jo
66、bs as menB. but she wished to get the same jobs as menC. because she had got a good job C. because she had got a good job D. but she wished to treated the same as a manD. but she wished to treated the same as a man3 3、D D 安妮安妮. .哈珀不希望自己是男士，但她希望哈珀不希望自己是男士，但她希望社会像对待男士一样对待她。该题是一考查细社会像对待男士一样对待她。该题是一考查细节
67、的题，答案在最后一段。节的题，答案在最后一段。( ) 4. Anne Harper thought that_.( ) 4. Anne Harper thought that_.A. women should live a better life than men A. women should live a better life than men B. women should be really liberatedB. women should be really liberatedC. women should be given better jobs than menC. women
68、 should be given better jobs than menD. women should live a more wonderful lifeD. women should live a more wonderful life4 4、B B 安妮安妮. .哈珀的想法正是作者的意图，如哈珀的想法正是作者的意图，如最后一段写到：最后一段写到：She also believes in She also believes in “Womens Liberation.” “Womens Liberation.” 然后她又列举了然后她又列举了许多事实，其立意还是为了说明这一正确论点。许多事
69、实，其立意还是为了说明这一正确论点。( ) 5. Which of the following is not true ( ) 5. Which of the following is not true according to the passage?according to the passage?A. There are more men scientists, engineers A. There are more men scientists, engineers than women ones.than women ones.B. Women are secondclass peo
70、ple, so they B. Women are secondclass people, so they shouldnt live a better life.shouldnt live a better life.C. Women do the same jobs as men, but get paid C. Women do the same jobs as men, but get paid less than men.less than men.D. There are some best Jobs that women have D. There are some best J
71、obs that women have few chances to take.few chances to take.5 5、B B 选题选题B B的观点在文中没有出现。文中男士尽管摆的观点在文中没有出现。文中男士尽管摆出种种理由，但还没有人敢明目张胆地发表歧视妇女出种种理由，但还没有人敢明目张胆地发表歧视妇女的观点，即把妇女作为二等公民，认为妇女不应生活的观点，即把妇女作为二等公民，认为妇女不应生活的更美好。的更美好。 Have you ever held a toy balloon (Have you ever held a toy balloon (气球气球)? )? They are
72、 very light. But there are much They are very light. But there are much bigger balloons. These balloons can fly very bigger balloons. These balloons can fly very high up in the sky. They are high up in the sky. They are big enough tobig enough to carry people. They are called hotcarry people. They a
73、re called hot- -air air balloons.balloons. To make a hot To make a hot- -air balloon go up, air balloon go up, turn on turn on the burnerthe burner ( (燃烧器燃烧器). That will make the air ). That will make the air inside the balloon hotter. Then the balloon inside the balloon hotter. Then the balloon wil
74、l go up.will go up. To make the balloon go down, turn off the To make the balloon go down, turn off the burner. The air inside the balloon will get burner. The air inside the balloon will get cooler. Then the balloon will go down.cooler. Then the balloon will go down. Underneath (Underneath (在在下面下面)
75、 the balloon there is a ) the balloon there is a large basket. That is where the pilot (large basket. That is where the pilot (飞行员飞行员) ) and the passengers (and the passengers (乘客乘客) go.) go.The burner is just above the basket. You can The burner is just above the basket. You can stand in the basket
76、 and turn the burner on and stand in the basket and turn the burner on and off. The balloon will go where the wind blows it. off. The balloon will go where the wind blows it. Do you want the balloon to go somewhere special? Do you want the balloon to go somewhere special? First First make suremake s
77、ure the wind is blowing the right the wind is blowing the right way!way! People have been flying in hot-air balloons People have been flying in hot-air balloons for over two hundred years. Before planes it was for over two hundred years. Before planes it was the only way of flying. Today people fly
78、in hot the only way of flying. Today people fly in hot air balloons air balloons for funfor fun. Some people like to race . Some people like to race hot-air balloons. The first Hot-Air Balloon World hot-air balloons. The first Hot-Air Balloon World Championship (Championship (锦标赛锦标赛) was held in 197
79、3.) was held in 1973. ()1.Ahot-airballoonis_.A.smallerthanatoyballoonB.biggerthanatoyballoonC.thesameasatoyballoonD.lighterthanatoyballoon1 1、B B 由由“But they are much bigger But they are much bigger balloons.balloons.”可知。这里的比较级是与前面可知。这里的比较级是与前面“a toy a toy balloonballoon”相比较。相比较。( ) 2. Where will yo
80、u sit if you want to fly in ( ) 2. Where will you sit if you want to fly in the balloon?the balloon?A. Inside the basket. A. Inside the basket. B. On top of the balloonB. On top of the balloonC. Under the basketC. Under the basketD. Inside the balloonD. Inside the balloon2 2、A A 这是一篇有关热气球的科普文章，需要考生熟
81、这是一篇有关热气球的科普文章，需要考生熟知有关热气球的基本常识。热气球有燃烧器（也可知有关热气球的基本常识。热气球有燃烧器（也可叫加热器），打开燃烧器，气球内气体被加热，气叫加热器），打开燃烧器，气球内气体被加热，气球会上升，反之就下降。气球下面是一个大篮子，球会上升，反之就下降。气球下面是一个大篮子，飞行员或乘客在此处，燃烧器在篮子上方。热气球飞行员或乘客在此处，燃烧器在篮子上方。热气球总要随风向飞行。总要随风向飞行。( ) 3. You want the balloon to go up. So ( ) 3. You want the balloon to go up. So you wi
82、ll _.you will _.A. jump out if the balloon A. jump out if the balloon B. let the air out of the balloonB. let the air out of the balloonC. make the air inside the balloon hotter C. make the air inside the balloon hotter D. let the air inside the balloon cool downD. let the air inside the balloon coo
83、l down3 3、C C 由第二段的叙述可知。由第二段的叙述可知。 ( ) 4. Now you are high up in the sky. If ( ) 4. Now you are high up in the sky. If you want the balloon go down, you will you want the balloon go down, you will _._.A.A.make your friends get out of the make your friends get out of the basketbasketB.B.make a hole i
84、n the balloon with make a hole in the balloon with a knifea knifeC.C.make the air inside the balloon make the air inside the balloon hotterhotterD.D.make the air inside the balloon make the air inside the balloon coolercooler 4 4、D D 由第三段的叙述可知。由第三段的叙述可知。 ( ) 5. Now everything is all right! The ( ) 5
85、. Now everything is all right! The balloon is flying across the sky. Where are balloon is flying across the sky. Where are you going?you going?A. Towards the sun. A. Towards the sun. B. To the seaside.B. To the seaside.C. Where the wind blows you. C. Where the wind blows you. D. To the nearest mount
86、ains.D. To the nearest mountains. 5 5、C C 由第六段的叙述可知。由第六段的叙述可知。(4)(4)Bob was happy. He was at a new school, and Bob was happy. He was at a new school, and the otherthe other students were friendly. “Hi, students were friendly. “Hi, Bob!” they said. But some students said, Bob!” they said. But some st
87、udents said, “Hi, Peter!” Bob didnt understand. He “Hi, Peter!” Bob didnt understand. He asked another student, “Why do some asked another student, “Why do some students students call me Petercall me Peter?”?”“Oh, thats easy to answer,” the “Oh, thats easy to answer,” the students said. “Pete was a
88、student here students said. “Pete was a student here last year. Now he goes to a different last year. Now he goes to a different school. You look like Peter. Some students school. You look like Peter. Some students think that youre Peter.”think that youre Peter.” Bob wanted to meet Peter. He got Pet
89、ers Bob wanted to meet Peter. He got Peters address from a student and went to Peters address from a student and went to Peters house. Peter opened the door. Bob couldnt house. Peter opened the door. Bob couldnt believe his eyes. He looked really like believe his eyes. He looked really like Peter! B
90、ob and Peter had the same Peter! Bob and Peter had the same colourcolour eyes and the same smile. They had the same eyes and the same smile. They had the same black hair. They also had the same black hair. They also had the same birthday. And they both were adopted (birthday. And they both were adop
91、ted (领养领养) ) by two different families.by two different families.Bob and Peter found out that they were twin Bob and Peter found out that they were twin brothers. Soon after the boys were born, brothers. Soon after the boys were born, one family adopted Bob, and another family one family adopted Bob
92、, and another family adopted Peter. Bobs family never adopted Peter. Bobs family never knew knew aboutabout Peter, and Peters family never knew Peter, and Peters family never knew about Bob.about Bob.Bob and Peters story was in the newspaper. Bob and Peters story was in the newspaper. There was a ph
93、oto of Bob and Peter next to There was a photo of Bob and Peter next to the story. the story. A young man named JohnA young man named John saw the saw the photo in the newspaper. John couldnt photo in the newspaper. John couldnt believe his eyes. He looked really like Bob believe his eyes. He looked
94、 really like Bob and Peter! He had the same and Peter! He had the same colourcolour eyes and eyes and the same smile. He had the same black hair. the same smile. He had the same black hair. He had the same birthday. And he, too, was He had the same birthday. And he, too, was adopted by another famil
95、y.adopted by another family.Later John met Bob and Peter. When Bob and Later John met Bob and Peter. When Bob and Peter saw John, they couldnt believe their Peter saw John, they couldnt believe their eyes. John looked really like them! Why did eyes. John looked really like them! Why did John look re
96、ally like Bob and Peter? You can John look really like Bob and Peter? You can guess. Bob and Peter are not twins. Bob, guess. Bob and Peter are not twins. Bob, Peter and John are triplets.Peter and John are triplets.1. How did Bob feel at a new school?1. How did Bob feel at a new school?2. Why did s
97、ome students mistake Bob for Peter?2. Why did some students mistake Bob for Peter?3. Where did Bob see Peter?3. Where did Bob see Peter?4. How did John know the story?4. How did John know the story?5. What does it mean by “triplets”, do you 5. What does it mean by “triplets”, do you know?know? 1. He
98、 was happy.1. He was happy. 2. Because Bob looked like Peter very much. 2. Because Bob looked like Peter very much. 3. In Peters house. 3. In Peters house. 4. He knew the story from the newspaper. 4. He knew the story from the newspaper. 5. It means Bob, Peter and John were born on 5. It means Bob,
99、Peter and John were born on the same day, and they are brothers.the same day, and they are brothers.（8 8）Everyone bathes in a different way. Most Everyone bathes in a different way. Most Americans never take a bath. They soap and Americans never take a bath. They soap and rinserinse（冲洗）冲洗）off under
100、the shower. The off under the shower. The English always take a bath. English always take a bath. First,First, they they sit in a bathtub full of warm water. sit in a bathtub full of warm water. ThenThen they soap themselves, they soap themselves, and finallyand finally, they , they rinse off the so
101、ap, all in the same water. rinse off the soap, all in the same water. The Japanese on the other hand, first wash The Japanese on the other hand, first wash with soap in the shower. Then they go and with soap in the shower. Then they go and sit in a bathtub full of warm water for sit in a bathtub ful
102、l of warm water for twenty minutes or more. Later, others in twenty minutes or more. Later, others in the family use the same water to sit and the family use the same water to sit and relax in.relax in.The ThaiThe Thai（泰国人）泰国人）do not get into a shower or a do not get into a shower or a bathtub. They
103、 stand in a room or area of a bathtub. They stand in a room or area of a house where there is a big jarhouse where there is a big jar（罐子）罐子）full of full of water. With a bowl they water. With a bowl they pour water frompour water from the jar the jar on themselves on themselves so thatso that other
104、people do not see other people do not see their bodies. The Thai always wear a long piece their bodies. The Thai always wear a long piece of cloth called a of cloth called a pasinpasin around their bodies. around their bodies. They wear this when they are bathing.They wear this when they are bathing
105、.Everyone gets clean Everyone gets clean in a different wayin a different way. We know . We know that washing is good healthy for us. But this that washing is good healthy for us. But this was not true was not true in the pastin the past. . Up toUp to 1800, most 1800, most Americans did not bathe be
106、cause they thought it Americans did not bathe because they thought it was bad for them.was bad for them.1.1.What is the passage about?What is the passage about?2. Why do people often bathe?2. Why do people often bathe?3. Who needs a bathtub when he bathes?3. Who needs a bathtub when he bathes?4. Why
107、 do the Thai use a 4. Why do the Thai use a basinbasin around around their bodies when they bathe?their bodies when they bathe?5. When did most Americans begin to 5. When did most Americans begin to bathe often?bathe often? 1. The ways people bathe.1. The ways people bathe.2. To make themselves clean.2. To make themselves clean.3. The English and the Japanese.3. The English and the Japanese.4. To keep others from seeing their bodies.4. To keep others from seeing their bodies.5. About 200 years ago.5. About 200 years ago.ThanksforListening!
