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1、Unit 2 The environment. 单词盘点单词盘点核心速记核心速记1. _ (n. & vi. ) 辩论；争论，讨论辩论；争论，讨论2. _ (vt. & vi. ) 回收利用回收利用3. _(n. ) 赞扬，称赞，认可；信用，信誉；学分赞扬，称赞，认可；信用，信誉；学分4. _ (n. ) 数量数量5. _(vt. & n. ) 逮捕逮捕6. _ (vi. &n. ) 冲突，抵触冲突，抵触, 矛盾矛盾debaterecyclecreditquantityarrestconflict7. _ (vt. & vi. ) 减少减少 (n. ) 减少减少8. _ (n. ) 措施，方法
2、；尺度措施，方法；尺度; (vt. ) 测量；估量，判定测量；估量，判定9. _(n. ) 范围；一系列；山脉范围；一系列；山脉 (vi. ) (在一定范围内在一定范围内)变化；包括变化；包括; 排列，排序排列，排序10. _ (n. ) (对自然环境的对自然环境的)保护保护11. _ (adj. ) 专指的，特指的；特别的；讲究的；挑专指的，特指的；特别的；讲究的；挑 剔的剔的12. _ (n. ) 十年十年decreasemeasurerangeconservationparticulardecade联想串记联想串记13. _ (n. ) 顾问顾问_(v. )查阅；请教；商议查阅；请教；商
3、议14. _ (n. ) 产量；生产产量；生产_ (v. )生产，创作生产，创作 (n. )农产品农产品_ (n. )产品，产物产品，产物_ (adj. )多多产的；富有成效的产的；富有成效的15. _ (n. )责任，职责责任，职责_ (adj. )负责的，负责的，可靠的；有责任的可靠的；有责任的16. _ (n. ) 看法看法; 信念信念_ (v. )相信，信任相信，信任17. _ (vt. & vi. ) 经营；动手术经营；动手术_ (n. )操作；操作；经营；手术经营；手术_ (n. ) 操作员；话务员操作员；话务员consultantconsultproductionproducep
4、roductproductiveresponsibilityresponsiblebeliefbelieveoperateoperationoperator18._(vt.) 使印象深刻使印象深刻_(n.) 印象印象_(adj. )给人深刻印象的，感人的给人深刻印象的，感人的19. _ (adj.)违法的，非法的违法的，非法的_ (adv.)违法地，非违法地，非法地法地20. _(vt.)欣赏，赞赏；感谢；领会欣赏，赞赏；感谢；领会_ (n.)欣赏；鉴别；感激欣赏；鉴别；感激21. _ (vt. )消耗，耗费；消费消耗，耗费；消费_ (n.)消费消费者，用户，顾客者，用户，顾客22. _ (v
5、t.)吸收；理解；使全神贯注吸收；理解；使全神贯注_ (adj.)全全神贯注的；一心一意的；被吸收的神贯注的；一心一意的；被吸收的impressimpressionimpressiveillegalillegallyappreciateappreciationconsumeconsumerabsorbabsorbed. 短语互译短语互译1. 自由发言自由发言 _2. 减少，削减，缩减减少，削减，缩减 _3. 四处打听四处打听 _4. 用尽用尽 _5. 用完，耗尽用完，耗尽 _open the floorcut back onask arounduse uprun out (of)6. 打扫打扫
6、(或清除或清除)干净干净 _7. 挖出，挖掘挖出，挖掘 _8. 对对造成破坏造成破坏 _9. 捡起，收拾捡起，收拾 _10. queue up _clean updig upcause/do damage topick up排队等候排队等候11. pick out _12. put. . . in danger _13. under way _14. in/with regard to _15. blame. . . on. . . _找出，挑选找出，挑选把把置于危险的境地置于危险的境地进行中进行中关于，至于关于，至于把把归咎于归咎于16. let off _17. in particular
7、 _18. do ones part _19. a sense of satisfaction _20. raise concern _排放排放尤其，特别尤其，特别尽自己的职责尽自己的职责满足感满足感引起关注引起关注. 句型透视句型透视1. “介词短语介词短语”位于句首引导的完全倒装句位于句首引导的完全倒装句_(和我在一起的是和我在一起的是)Ms Lin Shuiqing, from the Green Society, and Mr Qian Liwei, a business development consultant. 2. way+ 定语从句定语从句First I am talkin
8、g to you today about _(世界上许多地区被化学世界上许多地区被化学废弃物破坏的方式废弃物破坏的方式). With me arethe way vast areas of theworld are damaged by chemical waste3. 现在分词充当结果状语现在分词充当结果状语Other types of waste flow into our water, _(使河流和海洋生命丧生使河流和海洋生命丧生). 4. 表示倍数的句式表示倍数的句式The worlds population has grown by _ (1800年的六倍年的六倍). killing
9、 river and seasix times what it was in1800life5. that引导的同位语从句引导的同位语从句People often _(有这样的信念有这样的信念) development is bad for the environment, but this does not have to be true. 6. Ones aim is to do 某人的目标是做某人的目标是做_(我的人生目标是我的人生目标是)save the environment for future generations. have this belief thatMy aim in
10、 life is to7. What if. . . ? 如果如果将会怎么样？将会怎么样？_(如果他们用完空间会怎样如果他们用完空间会怎样)？8. nor引导的部分倒装句引导的部分倒装句This is not good news for the people who rely on the Yangtze River for water. _(对对来说也不是好来说也不是好消息消息) the wide range of fish and wildlife that live in or along the river. 9. There is no doubt that. . . 毫无疑问毫无疑
11、问_(毫无疑问毫无疑问)the world climate has been changing in recent years. What if they run out of spaceNor is it good news forThere is no doubt that. 用所给词或短语的适当形式填空用所给词或短语的适当形式填空 consultant, cut back on, recycled, responsibility, quantity, illegal, queue up, appreciate, consume, absorb1. The electricity the
12、households _ is increasing year by year. 2. A large _ of waste gases is sent into the air when we are driving. consumequantity3. As a career _, he offered the fresh graduates a lot of useful and practical advice on their future career choices. 4. The food prices are going up, so we will _ the use of
13、 some expensive vegetables. 5. It is forbidden to sell guns anywhere _. 6. The higher position you are holding, the more _ you have. consultantcut back onillegallyresponsibility7. They have recently made a new kind of toys out of the _ materials. 8. We _ in front of the shop, eager to get the latest
14、 iPhone 5. 9. Not everyones talent can be _ by others. 10. To _ the knowledge taught by the teacher, we must have a better understanding of what is being taught then. recycledqueued upappreciatedabsorb. 完成句子完成句子1. The Internet has changed _. 互联网改变了人们互相交流的方式。互联网改变了人们互相交流的方式。 2. The new computer will
15、work more efficiently, _. 这台新电脑将会更高效地工作，从而使我们节约更多的时间。这台新电脑将会更高效地工作，从而使我们节约更多的时间。3. _ the latest smartphones appeal to the teenagers. 显而易见，青少年对最新的智能手机感兴趣。显而易见，青少年对最新的智能手机感兴趣。the way (in which/that) peoplecommunicate with each otherthus enablingus to save more timeIt is clear that4. _ a teacher for ma
16、ny years, he knows how to deal with the conflicts among the children. 由于已经做过多年的教师工作，他懂得如何处理孩子们之间由于已经做过多年的教师工作，他懂得如何处理孩子们之间的冲突。的冲突。5. _ more home care nurses will be in great demand for the growing ageing population. 无可争议的是将会需要越来越多的家庭护理人员来适应不断无可争议的是将会需要越来越多的家庭护理人员来适应不断增长的老龄化人口。增长的老龄化人口。Having worked
17、asThere is no debating that6. _ we run out of all the natural resources on the Earth in the future? 如果我们将来用光了地球上所有的自然资源怎么办呢？如果我们将来用光了地球上所有的自然资源怎么办呢？7. We _ the business can keep developing without doing much damage to the environment. 我们相信商业可以在不破坏环境的情况下继续发展。我们相信商业可以在不破坏环境的情况下继续发展。What ifare confiden
18、t that8. _ if we had nothing left for our future generations. 如果我们不能为我们的后代留下什么东西的话，那将是一件如果我们不能为我们的后代留下什么东西的话，那将是一件耻辱的事。耻辱的事。9. The government _ the population from increasing fast. 政府正在采取多项措施来防止人口快速增长。政府正在采取多项措施来防止人口快速增长。It would be a shameis taking many steps/measures to stop10. Everyone should _ t
19、o protect the environment we are living in. 每个人都应尽自己的职责来保护我们所生活的环境。每个人都应尽自己的职责来保护我们所生活的环境。do his/her part核核心心考考点点impress3年年1考考range3年年1考考particular3年年3考考run out (of)3年年2考考1. responsibility n. 责任，职责责任，职责 (1)sense of responsibility 责任感，责任心责任感，责任心 bear/take responsibility for 对对负责负责 (2)responsible adj.
20、 负责任的，有责任的负责任的，有责任的 be responsible for 对对负责负责It is essential to develop the childrens sense of responsibility at school. 在校在校(期间期间)，培养孩子们的责任感是极其重要的。，培养孩子们的责任感是极其重要的。 The old couple would have to _ _ _ _ raising the three children. 这对老夫妇不得不承担起抚养三个孩子的责任。这对老夫妇不得不承担起抚养三个孩子的责任。No driver claimed _ _ _ _ t
21、he severe traffic accident. 没有司机声称对这起严重的交通事故负责。没有司机声称对这起严重的交通事故负责。 take/bearthe responsibilityforto beresponsiblefor2. belief n. 看法看法; 信念信念Hard as life is, he has belief in his future. 尽管生活艰辛，他对未来依然充满信心。尽管生活艰辛，他对未来依然充满信心。He came to us in the belief that we could help him out of the trouble. 他来到我们这里，
22、相信我们能帮助他摆脱困境。他来到我们这里，相信我们能帮助他摆脱困境。Many teachers hold a belief that extended studying time doesnt necessarily improve their students grades. 许多老师相信，延长学习时间不一定能提高学生的成绩。许多老师相信，延长学习时间不一定能提高学生的成绩。A TV set used to be something that was quite beyond belief. 电视机过去曾是难以置信的东西。电视机过去曾是难以置信的东西。【归纳归纳】写出下列短语的含义写出下列短
23、语的含义have belief in _have/hold a belief that. . . _in the belief that. . . _beyond belief _对对有信心有信心相信相信，有，有的信念的信念相信相信难以置信的难以置信的3. impress vt. 使印象深刻，压印，盖印；使铭记，使牢记使印象深刻，压印，盖印；使铭记，使牢记 vi. 给人留下印象，使人注意给人留下印象，使人注意 (1)be impressed by/with 被被打动；打动； 对对有深刻印象有深刻印象 impress sth. on ones mind/memory 把某事铭记在心把某事铭记在心
24、 impress sth. on/upon sb. /impress on/upon sb. sth. 使某人铭记某事使某人铭记某事 What impressed sb. most is/was. . . 令某人印象最深刻的是令某人印象最深刻的是(2)impression n. 印象印象make/leave a deep impression on sb. /ones memory 给某人留下深刻的印象给某人留下深刻的印象the first impression 第一印象第一印象I _ _ _ his wonderful performance. 他的精彩表演给我留下了深刻的印象。他的精彩表演
25、给我留下了深刻的印象。_ _ _ _ was his ability to deal with crisis. 给我印象最深的是他应对危机的能力。给我印象最深的是他应对危机的能力。 I had always impressed upon the children that if they worked hard they would succeed. 我总是让孩子们铭记，如果我总是让孩子们铭记，如果他们努力工作，就会取得成功。他们努力工作，就会取得成功。Everyone was dressed in their best clothes, eager to make a good impres
26、sion on us. 每个人都穿着他们最好的衣服，渴望每个人都穿着他们最好的衣服，渴望给我们留下好的印象。给我们留下好的印象。wasimpressed by/withWhat impressed me most【高考链接高考链接】(2012山山东东高高考考) My first _ of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man. A. expression B. attentionC. satisfaction D. impression【解解析析】选选D。考考查查名名词词。句句意意: 我我对对他他的的第第一一印印象象是是他他是是
27、一一个个善善良良且且有有思思想想的的年年轻轻人人。expression表表达达, 表表示示, 表表情情; attention注注意意, 留留心心; satisfaction满满意意, 满满足足; impression印印象象。由句意可知选由句意可知选D。4. measure n. 措施，方法措施，方法; 尺度尺度 vt. 测量测量; 估量，判定估量，判定 (1)measure sth. by sth. 用用来衡量来衡量 be measured by/in用用来衡量来衡量/计算计算 (2)take measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事采取措施做某事 make sth. to o
28、nes own measure为某人量身订做某物为某人量身订做某物 beyond measure不可估量不可估量 An earthquake measuring 5. 7 magnitude on the Richter scale hit Yiliang on September 7, 2012. 2012年年9月月7日一场测定为日一场测定为5. 7级的地震袭击了彝良。级的地震袭击了彝良。Mum always makes clothes to the childs measure. 妈妈总是根据孩子的尺寸做衣服。妈妈总是根据孩子的尺寸做衣服。The loss from the earthqu
29、ake is quite beyond measure. 地震所带来的损失难以估算。地震所带来的损失难以估算。The government is _ _ _ _ control the prices of the houses. 政府正在采取严格的措施来控制房价。政府正在采取严格的措施来控制房价。The new suspension bridge is measured more than 3, 000 meters long. (改错改错)答案：答案：is measured改为改为measures。takingstrict measures to【点津点津】(1)measure作名词表示作名
30、词表示“措施措施”时，常在短语中用时，常在短语中用复数形式。复数形式。(2)measure表示表示“某物有多长某物有多长(宽、高宽、高)”时，为不及物动词，时，为不及物动词，其后接表示事物长其后接表示事物长(宽、高宽、高)的度量名词，不用于被动语态和的度量名词，不用于被动语态和进行时态；如果表示此意义的短语用作后置定语，要用进行时态；如果表示此意义的短语用作后置定语，要用v. -ing形式。形式。 5. range n. (变动变动)范围，幅度；一系列范围，幅度；一系列; 射程；山脉射程；山脉 vi. (在一定范围内在一定范围内)变化；包括；排列，排序变化；包括；排列，排序Some of th
31、e questions in the paper are beyond the range of the courses the students are taking now. 试卷中的一些问题超出了学生们正在学习的课程范围。试卷中的一些问题超出了学生们正在学习的课程范围。His lecture covers a wide range of social issues we are concerned about. 他的讲座涉及一系列我们所关心的社会问题。他的讲座涉及一系列我们所关心的社会问题。The prices of the latest smartphones range from ￥
32、200 to ￥4, 000 online. 网上最新智能手机的价格从网上最新智能手机的价格从200元到元到4，000元不等。元不等。【归纳归纳】写出下列短语写出下列短语_ 在在范围内范围内_ 超出超出的范围的范围_ 一系列的，大范围的一系列的，大范围的_ 从从到到之间变化之间变化in/within the range ofout of/beyond the range ofa (wide) range ofrange from. . . to. . .【高考链接高考链接】(2010湖湖北北高高考考)This restaurant has become popular for its wide
33、 _ of foods that suit all tastes and pockets. A. division B. area C. range D. circle【解解析析】选选C。考考查查名名词词词词义义辨辨析析。句句意意：由由于于有有广广泛泛的的食食物物(选选择择)适适合合所所有有口口味味和和收收入入的的人人群群的的需需要要，这这家家餐餐馆馆已已经经很很受受欢欢迎迎了了。由由定定语语从从句句that suit all tastes and pockets可可以以判判定定所所选选词词应应表表示示“(选选择择)范范围围”，因因此此选选择择C项项。division 分分开开，分分担担；ar
34、ea 面面积积，地地区区，领领域域；circle 圆圆圈圈，环环形形物物。均均不不符符合题意。合题意。6. appreciate vt. 欣赏，赞赏；感谢；领会欣赏，赞赏；感谢；领会 appreciate sb. /sth. 欣赏某人欣赏某人/某物；高度评价某物；高度评价 某人某人/某物；理解某人某物；理解某人/某物某物 appreciate (ones) doing sth. 感激感激(某人某人)做某事做某事 I would appreciate it if. . . 如果如果，我会感激不尽的，我会感激不尽的(2012湖湖北北高高考考)I just wish more people woul
35、d appreciate what theyve got. 我只是希望更多的人会感激他们已经拥有的东西。我只是希望更多的人会感激他们已经拥有的东西。His great ability was universally appreciated. 他的杰出才能获得了普遍赞赏。他的杰出才能获得了普遍赞赏。One cant appreciate a holiday without working hard for some time. 不辛勤工作一段时间，就不能真正体会到假日的乐趣。不辛勤工作一段时间，就不能真正体会到假日的乐趣。I would appreciate your calling back
36、this afternoon. (句型句型转换转换)=I would _ _ _ you could call back this afternoon. 如果今天下午你能打来电话，我将会非常感激。如果今天下午你能打来电话，我将会非常感激。appreciateit if【熟词生义熟词生义】读句子猜含义读句子猜含义It is difficult to appreciate how bad the situation has become. ( )理解理解7. consume vt. 消耗，耗费；消耗，耗费； 消费；吃光，喝光消费；吃光，喝光观察句子，写出黑体部分的含义观察句子，写出黑体部分的含义H
37、e has a good appetite and can consume a pound of hot dogs. ( )Some of the most efficient refrigerators consume 70 percent less electricity than traditional models. ( )He had consumed the best years of his life in prison. ( )She was consumed with curiosity. ( )The boy consumes much of his time in cha
38、tting online. ( ) 吃光吃光消耗消耗浪费浪费使充满使充满花费，使用花费，使用8. particular adj. 专指的，特指的；特别的；讲究的，挑剔的专指的，特指的；特别的；讲究的，挑剔的There is one particular patient Id like you to see. 有一位特别的病人，我想让你接待。有一位特别的病人，我想让你接待。Is there anything particular youd like for dinner? 正餐你有什么特别喜欢的菜吗？正餐你有什么特别喜欢的菜吗？No, nothing in particular. 没有，什么都行
39、。没有，什么都行。He is very particular about the materials for the decoration. 他对装修所用的材料特别挑剔。他对装修所用的材料特别挑剔。【归纳归纳】写出下列短语写出下列短语_ 尤其，特别尤其，特别_ 对对讲究，挑剔讲究，挑剔in particularbe particular about9. absorb vt. 吸收；理解；使全神贯注吸收；理解；使全神贯注Much too often she merely absorbs half of what the teacher says in class. 她经常对老师在课堂上所讲的只是
40、一知半解。她经常对老师在课堂上所讲的只是一知半解。Plants absorb carbon dioxide from the air and moisture from the soil. 植物从空气中吸收二氧化碳，从土壤中吸收水分。植物从空气中吸收二氧化碳，从土壤中吸收水分。He was so absorbed in a book that he did not hear the bell. 他如此专心致志地读书以致没听见铃响。他如此专心致志地读书以致没听见铃响。【归纳归纳】写出下列短语写出下列短语_ 从从吸收吸收_ 全神贯注于全神贯注于(做做)某事，专注某事，专注 于于(做做)某事某事ab
41、sorb. . . from. . .be absorbed in (doing) sth.【点津点津】be absorbed in (doing) sth. 结构在句中常以过去分词结构在句中常以过去分词作状语的形式出现，这一用法是高考命题和各种模拟测试的作状语的形式出现，这一用法是高考命题和各种模拟测试的一个重点。复习时注意类似短语的用法，它们是：一个重点。复习时注意类似短语的用法，它们是：be faced with, be satisfied with, be determined to do, be convinced that, be devoted to, be buried in,
42、 be accustomed to, be lost in等。等。 _ _ _ _ he was reading, he failed to notice the teacher standing beside him. 因为全神贯注于他所读的小因为全神贯注于他所读的小说，他没有注意到老师就站在他身边。说，他没有注意到老师就站在他身边。Absorbed in the novel10. cut back on 减少，削减，缩减减少，削减，缩减To make both ends meet, the couple had no choice but to cut back on some unnec
43、essary spending. 为为了了实实现现收收支支平平衡衡，这这对对夫夫妇妇没没有有别别的的选选择择，只只能能减减少少一一些些不必要的开支。不必要的开支。More schools are now encouraged to cut back on traditional teaching and to personalize teaching. 现在更多的学校被鼓励减少传统教学模式，开始个性化教学。现在更多的学校被鼓励减少传统教学模式，开始个性化教学。【拓展拓展】补全下列补全下列“cut+adv. /prep. ”短语短语cut _ 插嘴；打断；插入；超车插嘴；打断；插入；超车cut
44、_ 砍倒，减少，削减砍倒，减少，削减cut _ 切断切断(供应供应)，中断，中断(电话通话等电话通话等)cut _ 剪下；删去，删除剪下；删去，删除cut _ 切碎切碎indownoffoutup11. run out (of) 用完，耗尽用完，耗尽His lecture is much too boring. My patience is running out. 他讲的课太无聊了。我快没有耐心了。他讲的课太无聊了。我快没有耐心了。If we run out of all our natural resources, how can we face our future generation
45、s? 如如果果我我们们耗耗尽尽了了所所有有的的自自然然资资源源，我我们将如何面对未来的子子孙孙？们将如何面对未来的子子孙孙？【辨析辨析】理解下列区别并选词填空理解下列区别并选词填空run out用完，用完，耗尽耗尽 不及物不及物动词短短语，其主，其主语通常通常为时间、食物、金、食物、金钱等，等，还可表示文件、可表示文件、协议到期到期 run out of用完用完 及物及物动词短短语，其主，其主语一般一般为人人 give out耗尽，耗尽，用完用完 不及物不及物动词短短语，其主，其主语通常是物通常是物 use up 用光，用光，用完用完 及物及物动词短短语，其主，其主语一般一般为人人 Accor
46、ding to the rule of the competition, we have to _ all the items before the time _. However, it is a long and tiring process. As a result, that day, long before I _ the time given by the judge, my strength had _. What a disappointment! use upruns outgiven outran out of【高考链接高考链接】(2012江苏高考江苏高考)OK, Ive
47、had enough of it. I give up. You cant _ your responsibilities. A. run off with B. run up againstC. run out of D. run away from【解解析析】选选D。考考查查动动词词短短语语。句句意意：好好吧吧，我我受受够够了了。我放弃。我放弃。你不能逃避责任。你不能逃避责任。A项表示项表示“携带携带逃跑逃跑”；B项项表表示示“意意外外地地碰碰到到(困困难难)或或偶偶然然碰碰到到(人人)”；C项项表表示示“用用光，耗尽光，耗尽”；D项表示项表示“逃避，避开逃避，避开”。12. pick o
48、ut找出，挑选；辨认出；弄明白，领会；找出，挑选；辨认出；弄明白，领会； 使明显，使突出使明显，使突出观察句子，写出黑体部分的含义观察句子，写出黑体部分的含义I have to pick out its meaning with the help of an English translation. ( )I have been picked out to represent the whole team. ( )All the important sentences in the article were picked out in red lines. ( ) Written in has
49、te, the words in the paper were hard to pick out. ( ) 弄明白，领会弄明白，领会挑选出挑选出使明显，使突出使明显，使突出分辨出分辨出13. under way进行中进行中The construction of the suspension bridge is under way. 吊吊桥建设正在进行中。桥建设正在进行中。【点津点津】介词介词under构成的短语，如果它的宾语是表示动作的构成的短语，如果它的宾语是表示动作的名词，通常含有被动意义，意为名词，通常含有被动意义，意为“在在过程中过程中”。这种介。这种介词短语在句中常作表语，也可作补足
50、语或定语。词短语在句中常作表语，也可作补足语或定语。 据汉语提示补全下面的句子据汉语提示补全下面的句子Several new railways are under _(建设建设)in China. How much money we should spend on endangered tigers is under _(讨论讨论). The house under _(修理修理)is our classroom. The request to buy a video for each classroom is under _(考虑考虑). constructiondiscussionrepa
51、irconsideration14. The worlds population has grown by six times what it was in 1800. 世界人口比世界人口比1800年已经增长了六倍。年已经增长了六倍。 本句为倍数关系句型。本句型有下列几种形式本句为倍数关系句型。本句型有下列几种形式: (1)倍数倍数+as+原级原级+as. . . (2)倍数倍数+ 比较级比较级 + than. . . (3)倍数倍数+ the size/length/width/height/. . . +of. . . (4)倍数倍数+what 从句从句 (5)倍数倍数+ that of.
52、 . . This big stone is _ _ _ _ _ that one. 这块大石头的重量是那块的三倍。这块大石头的重量是那块的三倍。This hill is _ _ _ _ _ that small one. 这座山的高度是那座小山的四倍。这座山的高度是那座小山的四倍。three times as heavyasfour times theheightof【点津点津】在表示在表示“两倍两倍”时要用时要用double或或twice, 三倍或三倍以三倍或三倍以上用上用“基数词基数词+times”。倍数有时也可以用分数、百分数、。倍数有时也可以用分数、百分数、half等来替换。等来替换
53、。 15. People often have this belief that development is bad for the environment, but this does not have to be true. 人们常常认为发展对环境有害，但这不一定正确。人们常常认为发展对环境有害，但这不一定正确。 同同位位语从从句句定定义英英语中有些抽象名中有些抽象名词往往要求用从句的往往要求用从句的形式来解形式来解释或或说明名明名词的具体内容，在的具体内容，在逻辑上与前面的名上与前面的名词为同位关系，同位关系，这种种从句称从句称为同位同位语从句从句 引引导词 同位同位语从句的引从句的引
54、导词包括包括that(不充当成不充当成分，除在分，除在宾语从句中外均不可省略从句中外均不可省略)，who, why, how, whether, when, what等等(均在同位均在同位语从句中充当具体成分从句中充当具体成分) 常可接常可接that引引导的同位的同位语从句的名从句的名词 fact, news, word, advice, demand, suggestion, doubt, hope, promise, problem, message, order, truth, view, request, wish, idea, possibility, chance，evidence
55、 仿写句子仿写句子他登上月球的消息传遍了全世界。他登上月球的消息传遍了全世界。The news _ spread all over the world. 这种新药可能对他们的心脏有副作用。这种新药可能对他们的心脏有副作用。There is a chance _. that he had landed on the moonthat the new medicine will have side effectson their hearts【点津点津】注意同位语从句的分隔现象。例如：注意同位语从句的分隔现象。例如：A story goes that Elizabeth of England li
56、ked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court. 有有传传说说说说英英国国的的伊伊丽丽莎莎白白一一世世最最喜喜欢欢身身边边围围着着宫宫廷廷的的那那些些聪聪明优秀的贵族们。明优秀的贵族们。句中的句中的“Elizabethof England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court. ”是主语是主语A story的同位语。由于该同位语较长而谓语较短的同位语。由于
57、该同位语较长而谓语较短, 为保为保持句子平衡持句子平衡, 谓语动词谓语动词goes放在了主语与同位语从句之间，造放在了主语与同位语从句之间，造成同位语从句与主语的分隔。成同位语从句与主语的分隔。 【高考链接高考链接】(2011天天津津高高考考)Modern science has given clear evidence _ smoking can lead to many diseases. A. what B. which C. that D. where【解解析析】选选C。考考查查名名词词性性从从句句。句句意意：现现代代科科学学已已给给出出了了明明显显的的证证据据: 吸吸烟烟会会导导致致
58、许许多多疾疾病病。smoking can lead to many diseases是是evidence的的内内容容，evidence在在此此句句中中不不作作成成分分，此此句句是是个个完完整整的的句句子子，不不缺缺成成分分，是是同同位位语语从从句句，所所以以选选引引导导词词that。what, which和和where需要在句子中作成分。需要在句子中作成分。let off 排放，准许暂停工作；排放，准许暂停工作； 宽恕宽恕Cars let off a lot of waste gases, which do damage to the environment. 汽车排放出很多破坏环境的废气。汽
59、车排放出很多破坏环境的废气。We will never let him off for the wrongs he has done to us. 因为他对我们所做的有罪过，我们永远不会宽恕他。因为他对我们所做的有罪过，我们永远不会宽恕他。【拓展拓展】写出下列短语的汉语意思写出下列短语的汉语意思let out _let sb. down _let go _let alone _放出；泄露；出租放出；泄露；出租使某人失望使某人失望放手，释放放手，释放更不用说更不用说. 话题写作话题写作先将下面几个句子翻译成英语，然后连成一段小短文。先将下面几个句子翻译成英语，然后连成一段小短文。1. 我们可以通
60、过多种方式来保护我们的环境。我们可以通过多种方式来保护我们的环境。2. 首先，要培养我们的环境保护意识。首先，要培养我们的环境保护意识。3. 只只有有我我们们意意识识到到了了保保护护环环境境的的重重要要性性，我我们们才才会会愿愿意意为为此此做些事情。做些事情。4. 尝试改变我们的生活方式，以减少人类给环境带来的压力。尝试改变我们的生活方式，以减少人类给环境带来的压力。5. 如如果果可可能能的的话话，尽尽可可能能乘乘公公交交车车或或骑骑自自行行车车上上班班，而而不不是是开车。开车。 6. 在在家家中中，我我们们要要用用更更节节能能的的产产品品，同同时时，不不用用的的时时候候就将电灯和其他的电器关
61、掉。就将电灯和其他的电器关掉。 7. 对对于于那那些些没没有有用用的的东东西西，要要将将其其回回收收，而而不不是是把把它它们们扔掉。扔掉。 8. 最最后后但但同同样样重重要要的的是是，我我们们每每个个人人都都可可以以为为保保护护我我们们的环境出一份力，我们需要马上采取行动。的环境出一份力，我们需要马上采取行动。_【参考范文参考范文】 We have many ways to protect our environment. First of all, it is essential to develop our sense of the environment protection. Only
62、 when we realize the importance of protecting the environment are we willing to do something for it. Have a try to change our way of life to reduce the pressure we put on the environment. Instead of driving a car, take a bus or cycle to work if possible. At home, we should use products which aremore
63、 energy-saving. Turn off the lights and anything else when we are to leave. Recycle those things that are not in use as much as possible. Dont throw them away. Last but not least, we can do our parts to protect the environment and we need to take action immediately. 【诵读诵读积累积累】 (2012福福建建高高考考)假假定定你你是是
64、某某中中学学生生英英语语报报的的小小记记者者, 以以下下漫画内容是你的所见所闻漫画内容是你的所见所闻, 请根据要求写一篇英语短文投稿。请根据要求写一篇英语短文投稿。内容要求内容要求: 1. 描述漫画内容描述漫画内容; 2. 发表个人感想。发表个人感想。Mind Your Behavior in Public Places Last Sunday, I went sightseeing with my friends in the Fairy Lake Park. The park was full of freshness and beauty of spring, with the sun
65、shining and birds singing. I was enjoying the fantastic scenery around when something unpleasant caught my eye. A young couple in a boat were eating, talking and laughingloudly as if they were the only people in the world. Whats worse, they spat and even threw rubbish into the lake, totally ignoring
66、 the noticeable sign “No Littering” nearby. What a shame! Such behavior left me deep in thought. If all visitors to the Fairy Lake Park do as the couple did, the lake will be severely polluted and soon turned into a huge dustbin. I think all of us should mind our behavior in public places. Only in t
67、his way can we live in more comfortable and beautiful surroundings. 【尝试运用尝试运用】词汇翻译词汇翻译引起某人的注意引起某人的注意 _丢弃垃圾丢弃垃圾 _忽视忽视, 不理不理 _ 严重地严重地 _ catch ones eye/attentionthrow litter/rubbishignoreseverely句式演练句式演练(1)用用while句式改写句句式改写句_(2)用用as if改写句改写句_While I was enjoying the fantastic scenery around, somethingun
68、pleasant caught my eye.They spat and even threw rubbish into the lake as if thenoticeable sign“No Littering”nearby was not there at all.一句多译一句多译如果所有参观仙女湖的游客都像这对夫妇这样做的话，它会如果所有参观仙女湖的游客都像这对夫妇这样做的话，它会变成一个垃圾成堆的地方。变成一个垃圾成堆的地方。_If all visitors to the Fairy Lake followed the couplesexample, it will be covered with rubbish everywhere.If all visitors to the Fairy Lake just behave like the couple, it will become a place as dirty as a rubbish bin.
