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1、语法专项训练语法专项训练(十四十四)定语从句定语从句语法专项训练语法专项训练(十四十四)定语从句定语从句语法专项训练语法专项训练(十四十四)定语从句定语从句考点一用什么词引导定语从句？考点一用什么词引导定语从句？我们要判断到底使用关系代词还是关我们要判断到底使用关系代词还是关系副词系副词, 应先把先行词放回定语从句应先把先行词放回定语从句中中, 如果先行词在从句中充当主语、如果先行词在从句中充当主语、宾语或定语宾语或定语, 则用关系代词则用关系代词“that(充当充当主语、宾语或表语主语、宾语或表语), 语法精讲语法精讲语法精讲语法精讲语法专项训练语法专项训练(十四十四)定语从句定语从句who
2、(充当主语、宾语或表语充当主语、宾语或表语), whom(充当宾语充当宾语), which(充当主语、宾语或充当主语、宾语或表语表语), as(充当主语、宾语或表语充当主语、宾语或表语), whose(充当定语充当定语)”；如果充当状语；如果充当状语, 则则用关系副词用关系副词“where, when, why”等等. He is the man _never gives in to difficulty.语法专项训练语法专项训练(十四十四)定语从句定语从句我们将先行词我们将先行词“the man”放回定语从放回定语从句中句中, 则得出则得出“the man never gives in to
3、 difficulty.”在这一句子中在这一句子中, “the man”在句中充当主语在句中充当主语, 因此不可能用因此不可能用关系副词关系副词, 排除了填排除了填“where, when, why”的可能性；的可能性；语法专项训练语法专项训练(十四十四)定语从句定语从句由于由于“the man”指代人指代人, 在句中又充当在句中又充当主语主语, 因此也不可能用因此也不可能用“which, whom, whose”；只有当先行词前面有；只有当先行词前面有“such, the same”时才能用时才能用“as”, 因此因此, 以上句以上句子只能填子只能填“that/who”. 语法专项训练语法专
4、项训练(十四十四)定语从句定语从句考点二在什么情况下一般只能用考点二在什么情况下一般只能用that引导定语从句？引导定语从句？情况情况例句例句先行先行词同同时是人和是人和物物时I still remember some people and things that were related to Miss Brown, who used to be monitor in our class.语法专项训练语法专项训练(十四十四)定语从句定语从句情况情况例句例句先行先行词是不定代是不定代词: all, any, anything, everything, few, little, much, no
5、ne等等I cant remember everything that happened during the time in university.Thats all that I can remember.先行先行词被被all, any, every, little, much, no, some等等不定代不定代词修修饰时The exam is getting near.There is little time that we can make use of.I have read all the books that you bought me.语法专项训练语法专项训练(十四十四)定语从
6、句定语从句情况情况例句例句当先行当先行词被被形容形容词的最的最高高级, 序数序数词the only, the very等修等修饰时This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.This is the best article that has ever been written on this subject.This is the very book that I am looking for .语法专项训练语法专项训练(十四十四)定语从句定语从句情况情况例句例句主句以主句以there is/here is/it is开开头时
7、Here is a story that makes me remember Miss Brown until now.在以在以which/who为疑疑问词的特的特殊疑殊疑问句中句中, 为了避免重复了避免重复时Who is the lady that you referred to in your diary?Which is the picture that you drew yesterday？语法专项训练语法专项训练(十四十四)定语从句定语从句考点三在什么情况下一般只能用考点三在什么情况下一般只能用which引导定语从句？引导定语从句？情况情况例句例句引引导非限制非限制性定性定语从句从句
8、时One afternoon, she and I arrived in New York, which we would look forward to.语法专项训练语法专项训练(十四十四)定语从句定语从句情况情况例句例句先行先行词为代代词 that 或被或被 that 所修所修饰时I dont take that which is too expensive.先行先行词是物是物, 介介词提到关系提到关系词前前时We went to the biggest bookshop in which there were different kinds of books to be sold.语法专
9、项训练语法专项训练(十四十四)定语从句定语从句考点四如何区分考点四如何区分the same.as和和the same.that?“the same.as”表示同一类人或物表示同一类人或物, 如如: Miss Brown also bought the same books as I did.“the same.that”指同一指同一个人或物个人或物, 例如例如: He is the same person that you referred to.(同一个人同一个人)语法专项训练语法专项训练(十四十四)定语从句定语从句考点五在什么情况下一般用考点五在什么情况下一般用who不用不用that?先行
10、词是人称代词时先行词是人称代词时, 一般用一般用who不用不用that. He, who just heard the news of his fathers death, burst into tears.语法专项训练语法专项训练(十四十四)定语从句定语从句考点六考点六way后面的定语从句后面的定语从句way后面的定语从句的引导词有后面的定语从句的引导词有in which, that或不填或不填. I recognized hes from Australia from the way in which (that/不填不填)he speaks.语法专项训练语法专项训练(十四十四)定语从句定
11、语从句同位语从句和定语从句的区别同位语从句和定语从句的区别同位语从句是对其前面的词所表示的同位语从句是对其前面的词所表示的具体内容做进一步的解释或说明具体内容做进一步的解释或说明, 定定语从句则对其前面的词起到限定或修语从句则对其前面的词起到限定或修饰的作用；饰的作用；that用来引导同位语从句用来引导同位语从句时不充当句子成分时不充当句子成分, 用于引导定语从用于引导定语从句则充当句子成分；句则充当句子成分；语法专项训练语法专项训练(十四十四)定语从句定语从句用用when, where, why引导同位语从句引导同位语从句时时, 其前面的词不是相应的时间、地其前面的词不是相应的时间、地点、原
12、因点、原因, 而定语从句则必须是相应而定语从句则必须是相应的时间、地点、原因的时间、地点、原因. The suggestion that he come right now is reasonable.(that引导同位语从引导同位语从句句)语法专项训练语法专项训练(十四十四)定语从句定语从句The suggestion that you put forward is reasonable.(that引导定语从句引导定语从句)The news that you told me is true.(that引导定语从句引导定语从句)The news that our team won the ga
13、me is true.(that引导同位语从句引导同位语从句)语法专项训练语法专项训练(十四十四)定语从句定语从句限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别句的区别限制性定语从句对前面的先行词起到限制性定语从句对前面的先行词起到限制的作用限制的作用, 说话者强调的是定语从说话者强调的是定语从句的内容句的内容, 如果去掉从句如果去掉从句, 原句意思就原句意思就不完整；非限制性定语从句对前面的不完整；非限制性定语从句对前面的先行词只起到补充说明的作用先行词只起到补充说明的作用, 语法专项训练语法专项训练(十四十四)定语从句定语从句说话者强调的是主句的内容说话者强调的是主句
14、的内容, 去掉从去掉从句不影响说话者原来的意思；非限制句不影响说话者原来的意思；非限制性定语从句一般用逗号和主句隔开性定语从句一般用逗号和主句隔开, 限制性定语从句没有逗号和主句隔限制性定语从句没有逗号和主句隔开；限制性定语从句的先行词不能是开；限制性定语从句的先行词不能是一个句子一个句子, 非限制性定语从句的先行非限制性定语从句的先行词可以是整个句子；词可以是整个句子；语法专项训练语法专项训练(十四十四)定语从句定语从句as引导的非限制性定语从句可放在句引导的非限制性定语从句可放在句首首, 也可放在主句之后也可放在主句之后, which引导的引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后非限制性定语
15、从句只能放在主句之后(1)He is the only child in the family, who is always active in politics.(2)He is the only child that doesnt lose heart easily.语法专项训练语法专项训练(十四十四)定语从句定语从句(3)He will end up in prison, as everybody expects.As everybody expects, he will end up in prison.(4)He always comes late, which makes his
16、teacher angry.语法专项训练语法专项训练(十四十四)定语从句定语从句.单句填空单句填空用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空. 1(2011高考江苏卷改编高考江苏卷改编)Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, _ the audience can buy ice-cream.提升演练提升演练提升演练提升演练when语法专项训练语法专项训练(十四十四)定语从句定语从句解析解析: 考查非限制性定语从句考查非限制性定语从句. 句意句意: 在两音乐会之间的休息时间在两音乐会之间的休息时间, 观众可观众可
17、以去买冰淇林以去买冰淇林, 且该句是非限制性定且该句是非限制性定语从句，作时间状语，故用语从句，作时间状语，故用when引导引导语法专项训练语法专项训练(十四十四)定语从句定语从句2( 2011高考上海卷改编高考上海卷改编)Youll find taxis waiting at the bus station _ you can hire to reach your host family.解析解析: 考查定语从句的关系词考查定语从句的关系词, 先行词先行词为为taxis, 在从句中作在从句中作hire的宾语的宾语, 所以所以用用which或或that. which/that语法专项训练语法专
18、项训练(十四十四)定语从句定语从句3(2011高考课标全国卷改编高考课标全国卷改编)The prize will go to the writer _ story shows the most imagination.解析解析: the writer 是是story的定语的定语, 所以所以用用whose. whose语法专项训练语法专项训练(十四十四)定语从句定语从句4(2011高考湖南卷改编高考湖南卷改编)Julie was good at German, French and Russian, all of _ she spoke fluently.解析解析: 句意句意: Julie擅长德
19、语擅长德语, 法语和俄法语和俄语语, 这三种语言她都说得很流利这三种语言她都说得很流利. 此处此处应用应用which引导的非限制性定语从句引导的非限制性定语从句, which代替前边三种语言代替前边三种语言. which语法专项训练语法专项训练(十四十四)定语从句定语从句5(2011高考北京卷改编高考北京卷改编)Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, _, of course, made all the others upset.解析解析: 这里是非限制性定语从句这里是非限制性定语从句, 关系关系代词指代整个主句代词指代
20、整个主句. 所以用所以用which引导引导which语法专项训练语法专项训练(十四十四)定语从句定语从句6(2011高考大纲全国卷改编高考大纲全国卷改编)Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt, _ is a stupid thing to do in such weather.解析解析: 本题考查非限制性定语从句本题考查非限制性定语从句, 从从句缺主语句缺主语, 指物指物, 因此用因此用which来引导来引导. which语法专项训练语法专项训练(十四十四)定语从句定语从句7(2011高考浙江卷改编高考浙
21、江卷改编)English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of _ uses it somewhat differently.解析解析: 考查非限制性定语从句考查非限制性定语从句, 指代指代several diverse cultures, 故用故用which. which语法专项训练语法专项训练(十四十四)定语从句定语从句8(2011高考安徽卷改编高考安徽卷改编)Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, _ it will keep for tw
22、o or three weeks.解析解析: 句意句意: 不论剩下的食物是什么都不论剩下的食物是什么都放冰箱里面放冰箱里面, 在冰箱里食物可以保鲜在冰箱里食物可以保鲜两到三星期两到三星期. 故用故用where引导定语从引导定语从句句, 相当于相当于in which. where语法专项训练语法专项训练(十四十四)定语从句定语从句9(2011高考广东卷改编高考广东卷改编)Behind him were other people to _ he was trying to talk, but after some minutes he walked away and sat near me, lo
23、oking annoyed.whom语法专项训练语法专项训练(十四十四)定语从句定语从句解析解析: 句意句意: 在他后面是那些他想跟他在他后面是那些他想跟他们谈话的人们谈话的人, 但没几分钟他就走开了但没几分钟他就走开了, 靠近我坐了下来靠近我坐了下来, 他看起来很气恼他看起来很气恼. 本本句中句中people是先行词是先行词, 在从句中作在从句中作to的的宾语宾语, to又提前了又提前了, 所以本空填所以本空填whom. 语法专项训练语法专项训练(十四十四)定语从句定语从句10Jane paused in front of a counter _ some attractive ties w
24、ere on display.解析解析: 句意句意: Jane到了一个出售一些吸到了一个出售一些吸引人的柜台前停了下来引人的柜台前停了下来. a counter是是先行词先行词, 在从句中作地点状语在从句中作地点状语. where语法专项训练语法专项训练(十四十四)定语从句定语从句11(2010高考广东卷高考广东卷)He filled his leather container so that he could bring some back to an elder _ had been his teacher .解析解析: 先行词先行词an elder在从句中作主在从句中作主语语, 指人指人
25、, 所以用所以用who或或that. who/that语法专项训练语法专项训练(十四十四)定语从句定语从句12The head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to a small town some 20 kilometers away _ there was a garage.解析解析: 句意句意: 村长正在把我的马绑到他村长正在把我的马绑到他的马上的马上, 用马把车拉到离那里用马把车拉到离那里20公里公里的一个有修车厂的小镇上去的一个有修车厂的小镇上去. a small town 是先行词是先行词, 在
26、从句中作地点状语在从句中作地点状语 where语法专项训练语法专项训练(十四十四)定语从句定语从句.语篇填空语篇填空Jim, 1._ father is a biologist, is crazy about animals.The only subject 2. _ seems interesting to him is biology.He spends every penny 3._ he can save to buy books on biology, 4._ is often laughed at by his classmates.whosethatthatwhich语法专项训练
27、语法专项训练(十四十四)定语从句定语从句One day, 5._ he stepped in the bookstore 6._ sells all kinds of books about animals, he was as excited as a child who found something 7._ he had been longing for.He was lost in the books 8._ a corner of the store andwhenwhich/thatthatin语法专项训练语法专项训练(十四十四)定语从句定语从句forgot about the t
28、ime and he was locked inside when the store was closed! Whenever this experience was talked about again, he would say that was the very thing 9._ he had hopedhe was glad 10._ (remain) there and read the whole night for free.thatto have remained 语法专项训练语法专项训练(十四十四)定语从句定语从句本部分内容讲解结束本部分内容讲解结束按按ESC键退出全屏播放退出全屏播放
