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1、UNIT 2HEROES单词注释难句剖析导读诱思一个12岁的美国女孩因其巨大成就引起了世界关注:她赢得了很多国内和国际诗歌、艺术和时装大奖。Whilemanyofusbegintodecidetochooseajuniorhighschoolaftergraduatingfromtheprimaryschool,12-year-oldIsabellaRoseTaylorhasreceivedworldwideattentionforherachievementsinthefashionindustry.AtanearlyageTaylorshowedagreatinterestinpainti
2、ng.Byeight,shestartedtodesignandmakeclothes,andafteronlyfouryears,sheshowedhercollectionatAustinFashionWeek,whereshereceivedaRisingStarAward.Taylorseesadirectconnectionbetweenartandfashiondesign.“WhenpeopleaskmeWhichdoyouprefer?Ialwaysanswer,Theyrethesame.Ifarthadlegs,itwouldbefashion,”saidTaylor.单词
3、注释难句剖析导读诱思Taylorhastheuniqueabilitytocreatefunandstylishclothesthatreallyrepresenthercustomers,whoarethesameageofher.Taylortakesdesigninspirationfromherartwork,travelsandtheworldaroundher.“Ivealwaysbeenanartistatheartandlovecreatingpoetry,paintings,drawingsandfashiondesigns,”shesaid.“Ifeelveryfortun
4、ateandproudtohavewonsuchalotofnationalandinternationalpoetry,artandfashionawards.”单词注释难句剖析导读诱思PerhapspartofTaylorssuccesscanbecreditedtoherbeingayoungmemberofMensa*,thehighIQsociety.However,Taylorattributeshersuccesstowhatshecalls“BSG”,shortfor“blood,sweatandglitter”.“Becauseyouhavetohavepassionandy
5、ouhavetoputalotofhardwork,andthenyouhavetohaveinterestandfunwithwhatyouredoing,”explainedTaylor.Thegifteddesignersgoalistoprovidethegirlsofheragewithclothesthattrulyreflectwhotheyare.Taylorsgoalistotakeherbrand,IsabellaRoseTaylorDesigns,andeventuallyshowatNewYorkFashionWeek.难句剖析导读诱思单词注释achievement/t
6、ivmnt/n.成就award/wd/n.奖品;奖;RisingStarAward新星奖unique/jnik/adj.独特的;唯一的represent/reprIzent/vt.代表;展示inspiration/InspreIn/n.灵感;鼓舞credit/kredIt/v.把归于attribute/trIbjut/v.把归因于reflect/rIflekt/vt.反映;表现eventually/IventlI/adv.最后;终于*Mensa:门萨俱乐部,做智力测试的国际组织,于1946年在英国成立,号称世界顶级智商俱乐部。难句剖析导读诱思单词注释1.Ifeelveryfortunatean
7、dproudtohavewonsuchalotofnationalandinternationalpoetry,artandfashionawards.分析:句中tohavewonsuch.awards为不定式短语作原因状语,因该不定式动作发生在句子谓语feelveryfortunate.之前,故使用了不定式的完成式。译文:赢得了这么多的国内和国际诗歌、艺术和时装大奖,我感到非常幸运和自豪。难句剖析导读诱思单词注释2.Thegifteddesignersgoalistoprovidethegirlsofheragewithclothesthattrulyreflectwhotheyare.分析
8、:toprovidethegirlsofherage.为不定式作表语,解释goal(目标)的内容;whotheyare为动词reflect的宾语;gifted在此为形容词,意为“天才的”。译文:这位天才设计师的目标是为她这个年龄段的女孩提供能真正展现自我的服装。难句剖析导读诱思单词注释WhydopeoplecallTayloragifteddesigner?答案:Becauseshehasdesignedandmadeclothesforthegirlsofherageandhasgreatachievementsinthefashionindustryaswellasinpoetryanda
9、rt.WARM-UP AND LESSON 1MODERN HEROES一二三四五六Pre-reading一、你认识下面这些为我国的航天事业作出了巨大贡献的英雄吗?你对我国的载人航天历史又了解多少呢2013年6月11日,神舟十号在酒泉卫星发射中心成功发射。在轨飞行15天,并首次开展中国航天员太空授课活动。A.请写出下列宇航员的名字,_and一二三四五六YangLiwei NieHaishengFeiJunlongJingHaipengZhaiZhigang,_andLiuBomingLiuYangJingHaipengLiuWang一二三四五六B.请在空格处填入相关的人或时间1.isthefi
10、rstChineseastronauttravelinginspace.2.Chinasentthefirstmannedspaceshipintospaceon.3.Chinaisthecountryhavingtheabilitytolaunchmannedspaceship.4.TheastronautsinShenzhou,whichwaslaunchedon,areand.5.isthefirstChinesewalkinginthespace.Hewalkedinthespaceon.6.becamethefirstfemaleChineseastronauttogointospa
11、ce.YangLiweiOctober15th,2003thirdOctober12th,2005FeiJunlongNieHaishengZhaiZhigangSeptember27th,2008LiuYang一二三四五六二、短语翻译1.liftoff2.separatefrom3.becauseof4.speakwithsb.5.thesurfaceof6.letout7.flyto.8.wavetosb.发射与分开因为和某人说话的表面释放;泄露飞往/乘飞机去向某人挥手一二三四五六三、将下列单词与相对应的释义搭配起来1.astronauta.togouphighintheairquickl
12、y2.gravityb.quietly3.soar c.tosendoutlightandheatwithoutflame4.explored.apersonwhotravelsinaspacecraft5.peacefully e.themixtureofgasesthatsurroundstheearth6.glowf.theforcethatattractsobjectsinspacetowardseachother7.atmosphere g.totraveltooraroundanareaoracountryinordertolearnaboutit8.afterwards h.at
13、alatertime答案:1.d2.f3.a4.g5.b6.c7.e8.h一二三四五六答案:D答案:AWhile-reading四、根据课文内容选择正确答案1.HowlonghadYangLiweibeentrainedbeforehetraveledinspace?A.2years.B.3years.C.4years.D.5years.2.Fromthethirdparagraph,weknow.A.YangLiweistayedinspacefor21hoursB.YangLiweispokewithhisfamilywhilethespaceshipwascirclingtheearth
14、forthe7thtimeC.thereweresometasksnotcompletedbecauseYangsleptfor3hoursD.YangLiweiwasoutofthegroundcontrolforsometime,sohegotasleep一二三四五六答案:C答案:C3.HowdidYangLiweicomebacktotheland?A.Byparachute.B.Byhelicopter.C.Byspaceship.D.Byair.4.Whatisthemethodtheauthorusestowritethepassage?A.Description.B.Discus
15、sion.C.Narration(叙述). D.Explanation.一二三四五六五、从课文中找出下列各句并试译,注意观察各句中主句和从句所使用的谓语形式1.Whilethespaceshipwascirclingtheearthforthesixthtime,YangLiweispokewithgroundcontrolinGansu.2.Whilehewassleeping,thespaceshipcircledtheearthtwice.3.Whenthespaceshipwasdoingitsseventhcircle,YangLiweishowedtheflagsofChinaan
16、dtheUnitedNations.答案:1.当飞船绕地球飞到第六圈时,杨利伟和位于甘肃的地面控制台进行了通话。答案:在他睡觉的时候,飞船绕地球飞行了两圈。答案:当飞船飞到第七圈时,杨利伟展示了中国国旗和联合国旗一二三四五六4.Thesurfaceofthespaceshipwasglowingredwhenitcamebackintotheearthsatmosphere.5.WhenShenzhouletoutitsparachute,Ifelttheshipwasshaking.答案:当飞船返回地球大气层时,飞船表面红光闪闪。答案:神舟五号飞船释放降落伞时,我感到飞船在摇晃。一二三四五六
17、Post-reading六、阅读课文National Hero,然后在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。注意:每空只填写一个单词。 gravityseparatingfeltcircleshowedpeaceful一二三四五六returningsmilingtravelingwhen123456781.calm adj.平静的,镇静的,沉着的【高考典句】(2015北京卷)Itinvolvesslow,steadybreathingforself-controlthathelpspeoplestaycalmandattentive.它包括缓慢的、稳定的、为自我控制的呼吸,帮助人们保持安静和聚精会神。
18、Myfatheralwaysremainscalmintimeofdifficulty.在困难的时候,父亲总是保持镇静。12345678(1)阅读下面的句子,体会calm的词性和含义。Charlietriedtocalmthefrightenedchildren.查理努力安抚受惊的孩子们。词性:动词含义:(使)平静,(使)镇静(2)阅读下面的句子,体会calm的搭配和含义。(2014安徽卷)Lucyandherassistanthidintheircaruntiltheangrybeeshadcalmeddown.露西和她的助手藏在他们的车里,直到愤怒的蜜蜂平静下来。搭配:calm(sb./o
19、neself)down含义:(使某人/自己)平静下来12345678Itisveryimportanttokeepcalmwhenanearthquakebreaksout.当地震发生时,保持镇静是很重要的。搭配:keepcalm含义:保持镇静(3)词语辨析:calm,quiet,silent,stillThestormpassedandtheseawascalmagain.暴风雨过后,大海又风平浪静了。PleasekeepthechildrenquietwhenImonthephone.我打电话时请让孩子们安静点。Thepolicetoldhimthathehadtherighttorema
20、insilent.警察告诉他,他有权保持沉默。StandstillwhileItakeyourpicture.我给你照相时,你站着不要动。12345678归纳:calm指气候、海洋“风平浪静的”,也指人“从容镇静的”。quiet侧重于因无骚扰产生的“安静,无动静,无声响”。silent“寂静无声的,沉默无言的”,指人沉默不语或地方一片静寂。still“静止的,一动不动的”,侧重于静止不动或完全无声,带有感情色彩。12345678活学活用完成句子用calm,quiet,silent,still填空Whenfacingdanger,oneshouldkeep(2);whenoneistakenph
21、otosof,oneshouldkeep(3);whensomeoneelseisasleep,oneshouldkeep(4);wheninclass,oneshouldntkeep(5)aboutteachersquestions.tokeepcalmcalmstillquietsilent(1)他劝他儿子要保持冷静,不要发脾气。Headvisedhissonandnottolosehistemper.123456782.generous adj.慷慨的;大方的;丰厚的【高考典句】(2015天津卷)Atlonglast,inacomfortablehome,withagenerouspen
22、sionheshouldlearntotakethingseasy.终于,在舒适的家中,有丰厚的养老金,他学会了放松。Heisgenerousingivinghelp.他乐于助人。(1)阅读下面的句子,体会黑体词的词性和含义。Generously,sheforgaveme.她宽大地原谅了我。词性:副词含义:慷慨地;宽大地Wethankedherforhergenerosity.我们对她的慷慨之举表示感谢。词性:名词含义:宽大的行为(可数)12345678(2)阅读下面的句子,体会generous的搭配和含义。Begeneroustohim.Hehasbeenill.对他宽容一些。他一直在生病。
23、搭配:begeneroustosb.含义:对某人宽容/大度Itisgenerousofyoutoshareyourfoodwithme.你将食物与我一起分享,真大方。搭配:Itisgenerousofsb.todosth.含义:某人做某事是慷慨大方的Therichmanisgenerouswithmoney.那位富人出手大方。搭配:begenerouswithsth.含义:(用钱等)大方12345678活学活用活学活用完成句子(1)福特先生被认为是个慷慨之人,因为他经常帮助他遇到的穷人和有困难的人。Mr.Fordisconsidered,forheoftenhelpsthepoorhemeet
24、sandthepeopleinneed.用generous的适当形式填空(2)Althoughheispoor,heistohisfriendswithmoney.(3)Weacceptedhisapologywithgreat.(4)Itwillmakeyoumorecleverand.(5)Pleasegivetotherefugeefund(难民基金).tobeagenerousmangenerousgenerositymoregenerousgenerously123456783.Scar is a cruel and dangerous character in Lion King.
25、在狮子王中,斯加是个残忍、危险的角色。考点charactern.人物;角色DrWatsonisacharacterintheSherlockHolmesstories.华生医生是福尔摩斯探案集的一个角色。【高考典句】(2016课标全国丙卷) “I dont make them up,” she said of the characters in her fiction these last 50 or so years. “我不会虚构他们,”她说起近50年她小说中的人物。12345678阅读下面的句子,体会黑体词的词性和含义。Shehasaweakcharacter.她性格软弱。词性:名词含义
26、:性格Shespokewithcharacteristicenthusiasm.她说话带着特有的热情。词性:形容词含义:特有的,典型的Genesdeterminethecharacteristicsofeverylivingthing.基因决定每个生物的特征。词性:名词含义:特性,特点12345678活学活用完成句子(1)徒步旅行可能是有趣的,而且有益于健康。它或许还对性格的培养也有好处。Hikingcanbefunandgoodforhealth.Itmaybegood.(2)这对孪生儿长得很像,但有着截然不同的性格。Thetwinslookalikebuthave.(3)她的脸部没有特征。
27、Shehasafacewithout.forcharacterbuildingdifferentcharactersanycharacter123456784.When the spaceship separated from the rocket,I suddenly got a feeling of soaring into the sky because of the zero gravity.当飞船与火箭分离时,由于地球引力消失,我突然感觉像是在急速升入空中。剖析when引导时间状语从句;在主句中,动词-ing短语soaringintothesky作介词of的宾语,becauseoft
28、hezerogravity作原因状语。考点separatefrom与分开Aftertwelveyears,hedecidedtoseparatefromthefirm.12年后他决定离开这家公司。IntranetisaprivatenetworkthatseparatesfromtheInternet.企业内部互联网是与因特网分开的私有网络。12345678(1)separate.from.将与分开【高考典句】(2015湖南卷)Itseparatedthebuildingfromitsfoundation.它将建筑与其地基分开。(2)separate用作形容词,与介词from连用,表示“分离的
29、”。Fishshouldbekeptseparatefromotherfood.鱼肉应与其他食物分开存放。12345678活学活用完成句子(1)英吉利海峡把英格兰与欧洲大陆分开。TheEnglishChanneltheEuropeancontinent.(2)一条竹林篱笆将我们学校与农场隔开。Ourschoolthefarmbyabamboofence.separatesEnglandfromisseparatedfrom123456785.When Yang Liwei climbed out of the spaceship,he smiled and waved to the crowd
30、s waiting for him.当杨利伟走出飞船时,他向等待他的人们挥手微笑。剖析这是一个复合句。when引导时间状语从句;主句中的waitingforhim是动词-ing短语,作后置定语修饰crowds。考点wavevi.挥手示意,致意Hewavedtouswhenhesawus.他看见我们时向我们挥了挥手。Theywavedatusfromacrosstheroom.他们在房间那一头向我们招手。归纳:“向某人挥手”既可以用wavetosb.,也可以用waveatsb.。12345678wave还可作及物动词,意为“摆手,挥臂”。【高考典句】(2015湖南卷)Theinspectorwa
31、vedhisarmstotryhisbesttokeepsteady.检查员挥动着他的胳膊尽全力保持平衡。常用短语:wave(sb.)goodbye挥手向某人道别(=wavegoodbyetosb.)12345678活学活用完成句子(1)他们从火车窗口向我们挥手告别。Theyfromthetrainwindow.(2)他向他们挥手致意,直到看不见他们。Heuntiltheywereoutofsight.wavedusgoodbyewavedtothem123456786.I thought 21 hours was too short to stay in space.我觉得在太空只停留21个
32、小时真是太短暂了。剖析21hourswastooshorttostayinspace是省略了引导词that的宾语从句。(1)21hours是宾语从句的主语,在此处作为一个整体,所以谓语用单数形式。表示时间、金钱、距离等的复数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。Tendollarsistoocheapforthispairofshoes.花10美元买这双鞋很合算。Onethousandkilometresisnotalongdistancetodayyoucanreachtherewithintwohoursbyair.1000千米在今天不算很长的距离,乘飞机两个小时之内便可抵达那儿。123456
33、78(2)tooshorttostay在句中并不是“(21个小时)太短了而不能(在太空)停留”的意思,而是说“(在太空)只停留(21个小时)真是太短暂了”。由此可见,too.to.并不总是“太而不能”的意思。Havingsufferedseriouspollutionalready,itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver.这条河流已经遭到了严重污染,现在要清理可能太迟了。too.to.在下列情况下表示的是肯定意义:结构中带有表示某种心情或描绘性的形容词,如ready,eager,satisfied,kind,willing,easy,anxious等,表示不可分割
34、的状态、态度、倾向或心情,并且其中的不定式修饰形容词,故不定式不再表示结果。Iamtooeagertohaveaworldtravel.我很想环球旅行。12345678结构之前带有but,only,all,never,not等词时,是强调肯定的表示法,意为“非常,十分,实在,真是太”等。Theyarealltoosatisfiedtogoanddothiswork.他们都很乐意去做这项工作。12345678活学活用语法填空(1)Asurveyoftheopinionsofexperts(show)thatthreehoursofoutdoorexerciseaweek(be)goodforon
35、eshealth.单句改错(2)Ithink500dollarsforaDellcomputeraretoomuch.翻译句子(3)Allenhadtocallataxibecausetheboxwastooheavytocarryallthewayhome.(4)Heisonlytoopleasedtoreceiveherinvitation.showsis答案:areis答案:箱子实在太重了,不能一路搬回家,艾伦只好叫了一辆出租车。答案:收到她的请柬他非常高兴。123456787.复习一般过去时考点一表示过去某一时刻发生的动作或情况。常与twodaysago,yesterday,lastw
36、eek,theotherday,inancienttimes等表示过去的时间状语连用。Jackboughtanewcellphonetheotherday.杰克前几天买了一部新手机。12345678考点二表示在过去一段时间内经常性或习惯性的动作。常与everyday,often,sometimes等时间状语连用;“usedto+动词原形”或“would+动词原形”常用来表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。WhenIwasachild,Ioftenplayedfootballinthestreet.我小时候经常在街上踢足球。MaryandIusedtoseeeachotherquiteoften.我和
37、玛丽以前经常见面。Wewouldaskourteachersforadvicewhenwehadquestions.我们碰到问题时经常征求老师的意见。12345678考点三表示过去发生的一连串动作。Themonkeyjumpedoffthetree,pickedupabigstoneandthrewitatus.猴子从树上跳下来,捡起一块大石头朝我们扔了过来。考点四在时间、条件状语从句中用一般过去时表示过去的将来要发生的动作。Hesaidhewouldcometoseemeifhegothere.他说他到了这儿就会来看我。12345678活学活用语法填空(1)Haventseenyoufora
38、ges!Wherehaveyoubeen?IwenttoNingxiaand(stay)thereforoneyear,teachingasavolunteer.(2)Imcallingabouttheapartmentyou(advertise)theotherday.Couldyoutellmemoreaboutit?(3)Whataboutyourself-drivetripyesterday?Tiring!Theroadisbeingwidened,andwe(have)aroughride.(4)IdidntthinkIdlikethemovie,butactuallyit(be)p
39、rettygood.stayedadvertisedhadwas(5)IfeltverytiredwhenIgothome,andI(go)straighttobed.(6)Theywereaheadduringthefirsthalfofthematch,butthey(beat)inthelastfiveminutes.(7)“Welldone,John!Notasinglemistakeyoumakeinyourexampaperthistime!”saidtheteacher.(8)HasYangLireturnedfromYunnanyet?Idliketomeether.Imsor
40、ry,butshe(be)backhereonlyforthelastweekend.12345678wentwerebeatendidwas12345678thetelephonerangwewerewalkingItrainedheavilythere完成句子(9)他刚上床睡觉,电话铃就响了。Hehadgonetobedwhen.(10)一个阴天的下午,我们正在湖边散步,突然女儿听到求救的叫喊声。Onecloudyafternoon,bythelakewhenmydaughterheardcriesforhelp.(11)那里下了大雨;因此,他们只好推迟了会议。;asaresult,the
41、yhadtoputoffthemeeting.123456788.复习过去进行时考点一表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作。过去进行时常和表示过去的时间状语或时间状语从句连用。Thestudentswerereadingloudlywhentheteachercameintotheclassroom.老师走进教室时学生们正在大声读书。考点二表示说话人对主语过去的行为表示赞叹、厌恶等。常与always,constantly,continually等副词连用。Themanagerwasalwaysthinkingofhisworkatthattime.(表赞赏)经理那段时间总是想着他的工作
42、。Thenaughtyboyswereconstantlymakingtrouble.(表不满)那些淘气的男孩不断地制造麻烦。12345678考点三表示过去的将来要发生的动作。(通常仅限于come,go,leave,start等表示移动、方向的动词。)Hesaidthathewascomingtoseemethenextweek.他说他下星期要来看我。Nobodyknewwhetherhewasleavinghereforthecountryside.没人知道他是否要离开这儿到乡下去。考点四描述事件发生的背景。Thesunwasshining,thewindwasblowing,andagro
43、upofsoldiersweremarching.阳光灿烂,风儿吹拂,一群士兵正在行军中。(1)(2016北京卷改编)Jack(work)inthelabwhenthepowercutoccurred.12345678活学活用语法填空(2)Jameshasjustarrived,butIdidntknowhe(come)untilyesterday.(3)We(leave)veryearlysowepackedthenightbefore.(4)I(come)tovisityoulaterthatday,butIhadtophoneandcancel.(5)Idontunderstandwhy
44、youdidntgotothelectureyesterdayafternoon.Imsosorry.ButI(do)myhomework.(6)WhatwereyoudoingwhenTonyphonedyou?Ihadjustfinishedmyworkand(start)totakeashower.wasworkingwascomingwereleavingwascomingwasdoingwasstarting12345678完成句子(7)我们正在电影院看一部新电影,突然灯灭了。Weinthetheatrewhensuddenlythelightswentout.(8)昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在打扫房间。Wefromseventoninelastnight.(9)他边等车边看报。Whilehewaswaitingforthebus,he.(10)他一整个下午都在写一封信。Hethewholeafternoon.werewatchinganewmoviewerecleaningtheroomwasreadinganewspaperwaswritingaletter
