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1、改错改错1.ThisisthelongesttrainwhichIhaveeverseen.2.Whichweallknow,swimmingisaverygoodsport.3.IshallneverforgetthoseyearswhichIlivedinthefarmwhichyouvisitedlastweek.4.TheradiosetwhichIboughtitlastweekhasgonewrong.5.Hepaidtheboy10Yuanforwashingtenwindows,mostofthemhadntbeencleanedforatleastayear.6.Theday
2、willcomewhichthepeopleallovertheworldwillwinliberation.thatAswhen去掉去掉whichonwhich/when7.Mr.HerpinisoneoftheforeignexpertswhoisworkinginChina.8.Theytalkedforaboutanhourofthingsandpersonswhotheyrememberedintheschool.9.Myglasses,withwhichIwaslikeablindman,felltothegroundandbroke.10.Heisamanofgreatexper
3、ience,fromwhomuchcanbelearned.11.Ihaveboughtthesamedresswhichsheiswearing.12.ThereasonwhyIwasawayfromschoolisbecauseIwasillyesterday.13.ItwasameetingthatimportanceIdidntrealizeatthattime.arethatwithoutwhomasthatwhose14.I,whoisyourgoodfriend,willtrymybesttohelpyou.15-Howdoyoulikethebook?_Itsquitediff
4、erentfromtheonewhatIreadlastweek.16.Isoxygentheonlygaswhichhelpsfireburn?17.Illtellyouallwhathetoldmelastweek.18.Inthedarkstreet,therewasntasinglepersonfromwhomshecouldturnforhelp.19.AfterlivinginParisforfiftyyearshereturnedtothesmalltownwhichhegrewupasachild.towherethatamthatthat27.Theeggsyoubought
5、themarebad.28.Whoisthemanwhoisworkingthere?29.MyauntleftBeijing,whereisthecapitalofChina.30.ThatisallwhatIknow.31.Isthisfactorytheonewevisiteditlastweek?32.Isthisthefactorywevisiteditlastweek?33.ThefishermanwhomIthinkispoorinfactisveryrich.34.Thepeople,mostofthemareexperts,willbeinvitedtotheparty.wh
6、o去掉去掉thatwhichthat去掉去掉去掉去掉_whom35.Ihaveneverheardsuchstorieswhichhetells.36.pleasetellmethewaywhenyoudidthejob.37.ThisistheschoolonwhichIstudy.38.IneedapenwhichIwillwrite.39.Englishistheonlyoneofmysubjectsthatarenotpassed.40.Theytalkedoftheschoolsandteacherswhotheyvisited.thatiswhichaswithwhichinCha
7、llenge yourself!Ivebecomegoodfriendswithseveralofthestudentsinmyschool_ImeetintheEnglishspeechcontestlastyear.A.whoB.whereC.whenD.which Challenge yourself!Thewolveshidthemselvesintheplaces_couldntbefound.A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.inthatChallenge yourself!Maythefourthistheday_weChinesepeoplewillneverfo
8、rget.A.whichB.whenC.onwhichD.aboutwhichChallenge yourself!Maythefourthistheday_weChinesepeoplewillneverforget.A.whichB.whenC.onwhichD.aboutwhich1.This is the car _which I bought last year. 2.This is the car _which I paid 100$.3.This is the car _which I spent 100$.4.This is the car _which I go to wor
9、k every day.5.This is the car _ which I cant go to work.6.This is the car _which the old man was knocked downThe old man whom I am looking after is better/foronbywithoutbyChallenge yourself!Hehaslostthekeytothedrawer_thepapersarekept.A.whereB.inwhichC.underwhichD.whichwhose引导的定语从句引导的定语从句表示所属关系，可替表示所
10、属关系，可替换为先行词换为先行词+s,或或ofwhich/whom+the+n.1.Theriver_banksarecoveredwithtreesflowstothesea.2.Hehasafriend_fatherisadoctor.3.Helivesinahouse_roofisred.4.Helivesinahouse,theroofofwhich/ofwhichtheroofisred.whose关于关于whose的用法的用法whosewhoseThattree,_branchesarealmostbare,isveryold.A.whoseB.ofwhichC.inwhichD.
11、onwhichTestyourabilityThereareinthisclass20students,_aredifferent.A.whosebackgroundsB.ThebackgroundsofwhomC.ofwhomthebackgroundsD.thebackgroundsofwhose1.Nothing_canbedonehasntbeendone.2.Doyouhaveanything_youdontunderstand?thatthat1.that与与which先行词是先行词是everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little
12、,none等不定代词等不定代词,引引导定语从句用导定语从句用that。3.ThisisthebestTV_ismadeinChina.4.Thefirstmuseum_hevisitedinChinawastheHistoryMuseum.thatthat先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时,引引导定语从句用导定语从句用that。5.Ivereadallthebooks_youlentme.that先行词被先行词被any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all,very,only,last修饰时修饰时,引导定语引导定语从句用从句用th
13、at。6.Thefamouswriterandhisworks_theradiobroadcasthavearousedgreatinterestamongthestudents.7.Avictimisaperson,animalorthing_sufferspain,death,harm,etc.thatthat先行词中既有人又有事物时先行词中既有人又有事物时,引导定语从引导定语从句用句用that。8.Who_youhaveeverseencandoitbetter?thatWho做先行词时做先行词时,引导定语从句用引导定语从句用that。9.Herbag,in_sheputallhermo
14、ney,hasbeenstolen.10.Thisistheringon_shespent1000dollars.11.XiaoWang,with_Iwenttotheconcert,enjoyeditverymuch.whichwhichwhom在介词后面在介词后面,指事物用指事物用which,指人用指人用whom。(1)Illneverforgettheday_wefirstmetinthepark.(2)Illneverforgetthetime_Ispentwithyou.(3)Illneverforgetthetime_wasspentwithyou.(4)Thisisthemuse
15、um_Ivisitedlastyear.when(whichthat)whichthat(whichthat)4.when,where,why与与that,which的区别的区别Thisisthereason_(=forwhich)Ididntcomehere.Thereason_shegavewasnottrue.whywhich/that1.This is the car _which I bought last year. 2.This is the car _which I paid 100$.3.This is the car _which I spent 100$.4.This i
16、s the car _which I go to work every day.5.This is the car _ which I cant go to work. foronbywithoutCompletethefollowingsentences/byataboutof6.Thisisthecar_whichtheoldmanwasknockeddown7.Thisisthecar_whichaboythrewastone.8.Thisisthecar_whichwetalked.9.Thisisthecar_whichthewindowwasbroken.10.Thisistheb
17、ook_whichyouasked.TheoldmanwhomIamlookingafterisbetter.for注意注意:动词短语不能拆开即介词不提前动词短语不能拆开即介词不提前4.(10,福建卷福建卷24).StephenHawkingbelievesthattheearthisunlikelytobetheonlyplanets_lifehasdevelopedgradually.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.whose5.(10,湖南卷湖南卷28)Ivebecomegoodfriendwithseveralofthestudentsinmyschool_Imeetint
18、heEnglishspeechcontestlastyear.A.whoB.whereC.whenD.which6.(10,江苏卷江苏卷32).Thenewlybuiltcaf,thewallsof_arepaintedlightgreen,isreallyapeacefulplaceforus,speciallyafterhardwork.A.thatB.itC.whatD.whichBAD12.(10,重庆卷重庆卷28).InChina,thenumberofcities_increasingdevelopmentisrecognizedacrosstheworld.A.whereB.wh
19、ichC.whoseD.that13.(10,浙江卷浙江卷3).Thesettlementishometonearly1,000people,manyof_lefttheirvillagehomesforabetterlifeinthecity.A.whomB.whichC.themD.thoseCA14.(10,上海卷上海卷38).Windpowerisanancientsourceofenergy_wemayreturninthenearfuture.A.onwhichB.bywhichC.towhichD.fromwhich15.(09全国全国1)Shebroughtwithherthr
20、eefriends,noneof_Ihadevermetbefore.A.themB.whoC.whomD.theseCC16.(09全国全国2)Myfriendshowedmeroundthetown,_wasveykindofhim.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it17.(09,北京北京)-Whatdoyouthinkofteaching,Bob?-Ifinditfunandchallenging.Itisajob_youaredoingsomethingseriousbutinteresting.A.whereB.whichC.whenD.thatAASummary of
21、 the grammar关系代词前介词(介词which)的确定1.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系e.g. Is that the newspaper _which you often write articles? 2. 根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配e.g. Can you explain to me how to use these idioms _which Im not sure.3. 根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯e.g. 1949 was the year _which the P.R.C. was founded.1.This is the car _which I bought
22、 last year. 2.This is the car _which I paid 100$.3.This is the car _which I spent 100$.4.This is the car _which I go to work every day.5.This is the car _ which I cant go to work.6.This is the car _which the old man was knocked down7.This is the car _which a boy threw a stone.8.This is the car _whic
23、h we talked .9.This is the car _which the window was broken -foronbywithoutbyataboutof1.Thesecondbook_IwanttoreadistheWaterMarginbyShiNaian.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.as2.CarolsaidtheworkwouldbedonebyOctober,_personallyIdoubtverymuch.A.itB.thatC.whenD.whichExercisesBD3.Donttalkaboutsuchthings_youarenotsur
24、eof.A.thoseB.thatC.whatD.as4.Iwillneverforgetthoseyears_Ilivedinthecountrywiththefarmers,_hasagreateffortonmylife.A.that;whichB.when;whichC.which;thatD.when;whoDB5.Donttalkaboutsuchthingsof_youarenotsure.A.whichB.whatC.asD.those6.Isthisthefactory_youvisitedtheotherday?A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.theone7
25、.Thewolveshidthemselvesintheplaces_couldntbefound.A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.inthat8.Thefreezingpointisthetemperature_waterchangesintoice.A.atwhichB.onthatC.inwhichD.ofwhat9.Isthisfactory_someforeignfriendsvisitedlastFriday?A.thatB.whereC.whichD.theoneCAAAD10.Isthisthefactory_heworkedtenyearsago?A.that
26、B.whereC.whichD.theone11.Thereasonis_heisunabletooperatethemachine.A.becauseB.whyC.thatD.whether12.Illtellyou_hetoldmelastweek.A.allwhichB.thatC.allthatD.which13.Thattree,_branchesarealmostbare,isveryold.A.whoseB.ofwhichC.inwhichD.onwhich14.Ihaveboughtthesamedress_sheiswearing.A.asB.thatC.whichD.wha
27、tBCCAA15.Weretalkingaboutthepianoandthepianist_wereintheconcertweattendedlastnight.A.whichB.whomC.whoD.that16.Thegirl_anEnglishsonginthenextroomisTomssister.A.whoissingingB.issingingC.sangD.wassinging17.Those_notonlyfrombooksbutalsothroughpracticewillsucceed.A.learnB.whoC.thatlearnsD.wholearn18.Anyo
28、ne_thisopinionmayspeakout.A.thatagainstB.thatagainstC.whoisagainstD.whoareagainstDADC19.Didntyouseetheman_?A.InoddedjustnowB.whomInoddedjustnowC.InoddedtohimjustnowD.Inoddedtojustnow20.Canyoulendmethenovel_theotherday?A.thatyoutalkedB.youtalkedaboutitC.whichyoutalkedwithD.youtalkedabout21.Isthereany
29、thing_toyou?A.thatisbelongedB.thatbelongsC.thatbelongD.whichbelongsDDB22.-“Howdoyoulikethebook?”-“Itsquitedifferentfrom_Ireadlastmonth.”A.thatB.whichC.theoneD.theonewhat23.Mr.Zhanggavethetextbooktoallthepupilsexcept_whohadalreadytakenthem.A.theonesB.onesC.someD.theothers24.Thetrain_shewastravelingwa
30、slate.A.whichB.whereC.onwhichD.inthat25.Hehaslostthekeytothedrawer_thepapersarekept.A.whereB.inwhichC.underwhichD.whichCACB26.Antarctic_weknowverylittleiscoveredwiththickicealltheyearround.A.whichB.whereC.thatD.aboutwhich27.Itsthethirdtime_latethismonth.A.thatyouarrivedB.whenyouarrivedC.thatyouvearr
31、ivedD.whenyouvearrived28.Itwasin1969_theAmericanastronautsucceededinlandingonthemoon.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.inwhichDCA29.Maythefourthistheday_weChinesepeoplewillneverforget.A.whichB.whenC.onwhichD.aboutwhich30.WearegoingtospendtheSpringFestivalinGuangzhou,_livemygrandparentsandsomerelatives.A.whichB.t
32、hatC.whoD.whereAD31.Thehotel_duringourholidaysstandsbytheseaside.A.westayedatB.wherewestayedatC.westayedD.inthatwestayed32.Isitinthatfactory_“RedFlag”carsareproduced?A.inwhichB.whereC.whichD.thatAD33.(10,四川卷四川卷10).Aftergraduatingfromcollege,Itooksometimeofftogotravelling,_turnedouttobeawisedecision.
33、A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where34.(10,天津卷天津卷8).CanyoubelieveIhadtopay30dollarsforahaircut?Youshouldtrythebarbers_Igo.Itsonly15.A.asB.whichC.whereD.thatBC35(10,全国全国I24).Asachild,Jackstudiedinavillageschool,_isnamedafterhisgrandfather.A.whichB.WhereC.WhatD.that36.(10,全国全国II16).Irefusetoaccepttheblameforsom
34、ething_wassomeoneelsesfault.A.whoB.thatC.asD.what37.(10,北京卷北京卷27).Childrenwhoarenotactiveor_dietishighinfatwillgainweightquickly.A.whatB.whoseC.whichD.thatABB38.(10,江西卷江西卷31)Thegirlarrangedtohavepianolessonsatthetrainingcentrewithhersister_shewouldstayforanhour.A.whereB.whoC.whichD.what39.(10,山东卷山东卷
35、24).Thatsthenewmachine_partsaretoosmalltobeseen.A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.what40.(10,陕西卷陕西卷11).Theoldtemple_roofwasdamagedinstormisnowunderrepair.A.whereB.whichC.itsD.whoseACD27.Theeggsyouboughtthemarebad.28.Whoisthemanwhoisworkingthere?29.MyauntleftBeijing,whereisthecapitalofChina.30.ThatisallwhatIknow
36、.31.Isthisfactorytheonewevisiteditlastweek?32.Isthisthefactorywevisiteditlastweek?33.ThefishermanwhomIthinkispoorinfactisveryrich.34.Thepeople,mostofthemareexperts,willbeinvitedtotheparty.who去掉去掉thatwhichthat去掉去掉去掉去掉_whom35.Ihaveneverheardsuchstorieswhichhetells.36.pleasetellmethewaywhenyoudidthejob
37、.37.ThisistheschoolonwhichIstudy.38.IneedapenwhichIwillwrite.39.Englishistheonlyoneofmysubjectsthatarenotpassed.40.Theytalkedoftheschoolsandteacherswhotheyvisited.thatiswhichaswithwhichin.关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人，在从句中做指人，在从句中做主语主语或或宾语宾语。(1)TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.(2)Yesterda
38、y,Ihelpedanoldmanwholosthisway.TheboywhoIsawyesterdaywashisbrother.whom指人，在定语从句中充当指人，在定语从句中充当宾语宾语，常可省略。，常可省略。(1)Mr.Liuistheperson(whom)youtalkedaboutonthebus(2)Tomisjusttheboy(whom)Iwanttosee.(3)Themanwho/whomyoumetjustnowismyfriend.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语，定语，可以替换可以替换成先行词成先行词+s(1)H
39、ehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.(2)Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillberepaired.(3)Doyoulikethebookwhosecoverisyellow?2.which/指物，在定语从句中做指物，在定语从句中做主语主语或者或者宾语宾语，做宾语时可省略做宾语时可省略.ThebookshopisashopwhichsellsbooksFootballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.Thisisthepen(which)heboughtyesterday.3.that既可指人也可指物既可指人也
40、可指物,在从句中做主语或者宾语，在从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可做宾语时可省略省略.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Ilikethebook(that)youlentmeyesterday.as既可指人也可指物,在从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略.当先行词被thesame,such,so修饰时，要用as来引导定语从句：Iwouldliketohavethesamebooksasareusedinyourschool.HeisnotsuchapersonasIexpected.DoyoulikeRonaldo?Heisaworldfamousfootballer.Do
41、youlikeRonaldwho isaworldfamousfootballer?TheboyisTom.Theboyissmiling.ThegirlisJane.Janehasaroundface.TheboywhoissmilingisTom.(主语主语)Thegirl whohasaroundfaceisJane.TheboyisPeter.Hesitsinfrontofme.TheboywhositsinfrontofmeisPeter.拆分拆分,组合定语从句组合定语从句,了解其中奥妙了解其中奥妙1.Isawtheman.Themanclosedthedoor.Isawtheman
42、who(that)closedthedoor.2.ThestudentsarefromChina.Thestudentssitinthefrontrow.3.ThebookwasgoodIreadit.4.ThepeoplewereveryniceWevisitedthemyesterday.5.Theboyisclever.Hismotherisateacher.6.Iliveinahouse.Itswindowfacessouth.7. He is a man who / that often helps others.8. The boy to whom I spoke is my br
43、other. 9. Its a computer which / that costs six thousand yuan.10. The students whose homes are far away live in the school.注意在下面几种情况下必须用注意在下面几种情况下必须用that引导定语从句。引导定语从句。(1)先行词是不定代词one,all,few,little,much,something,nothing,any,anything等，如：AllthatwehavetodoistopractiseEnglish.Isthereanythingelsethatyour
44、equire?(2)先行词被all,any,every,each,few,little,no,some等修饰，如Iveeatenupallthefoodthatyougaveme.Thereislittlewaterthatyoucandrink.(3)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，如ThefirstletterthatIgotfromhimwillbekept.Thisisthefirstexamthatwehavethisterm.4)先行词被the only, the very, the last修饰时如 He is the only person that I want to t
45、alk with. This is the very film that we enjoy.(5)先行词既有人又有物时，如: They talked about persons and things that they met. He talked happily of the men and the book that interested us.注意在下面情况下必须用注意在下面情况下必须用who引导定语从句。引导定语从句。1.当先行词为:he,they,any,all(指代人时),none,people等Allwhoheardthestoryweremoved.介词介词+关系代词的结构关系
46、代词的结构.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句1关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时,可以把介词提前,构成介词+关系代词结构.(1)Theschool(which)heoncestudiedinisveryfamous.Theschoolinwhichheoncestudiedisveryfamous.Heisamanwhomyoucanturntointrouble.Heisamantowhomyoucanturnintrouble.TomorrowIwillbringhereamagazine(which)youaskfor.TomorrowIwillbringhereamagazineforwhi
47、chyouasked.注意：注意：1.含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：lookfor,ookafter,takecareof等.(1)Thisisthewatchwhich/thatIamlookingfor.(T)(2)ThisisthewatchforwhichIamlooking.(F)2.that/who不能用于介词不能用于介词+关系代词这种结构。关系代词这种结构。在这种结构中，指人时用whom，不可用who；指物时用which，不能用that.关系词不能省略。(1)Themanwithwhomyoutalkedismyfriend.(T)(2)Themanwithwhoyout
48、alkedwithismyfriend.介词的确定介词的确定1.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系，请体会：根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系，请体会：Thatisthenewspaperforwhichyouoftenwritearticles.Herbaginwhichheputallhisbookswaslost.2.根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配，如：根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配，如：Heisamanonwhomyoucandepend.Heisateacherfromwhomyoucanlearnalot.Iremembertheday_IcametoNo.6MiddleSchoo
49、l.区分关系代词与关系副词区分关系代词与关系副词定语从句中when和where只作时间和地点状语;如果时间和地点在句中充当主语或宾语,则要用that/which.Thisistheparkthat(which)Ilikebest.ThisistheparkwhereIoftenmeethim.Sept1isthedaythatIllneverforget.Sept1isthedaywhenIfirstcametoMiddlesixschool.IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametothisschool.(when=onwhich)Istillremembert
50、heday.Ifirstcametothisschoolontheday.IstillrememberthedaywhichIfirstcametothisschoolon.IstillrememberthedayonwhichIfirstcametothisschool.Istillrememberthetime.Weworktogetheratthetime.Istillrememberthetimewhichweworktogetherat.Istillrememberthetimeatwhichweworktogether.Istillrememberthetimewhenwework
51、together.Theschoolinwhichheoncestudiedisveryfamous.Theschoolisfamous.Heoncestudiedintheschool.Theschoolwhichheoncestudiedinisveryfamous.Theschoolwhereheoncestudiedisveryfamous.Irecentlywentbacktothetown.Iwasborninthetown.IrecentlywentbacktothetownwhereIwasborn.IrecentlywentbacktothetowninwhichIwasbo
52、rn.Pleasetellmethereasonwhyyoumissedtheplane.(why=forwhich)Pleasetellmethereasonyoumissedtheplaneforthereason.Pleasetellmethereasonwhichyoumissedtheplanefor.Pleasetellmethereasonforwhichyoumissedtheplane.定语从句中when和where只作时间和地点状语;如果时间和地点在句中充当主语或宾语,则要用that/which.Thisistheparkthat(which)Ilikebest.Thisi
53、stheparkwhereIoftenmeethim.Sept1isthedaythatIllneverforget.Sept1isthedaywhenIfirstcametoMiddlesixschool.非限定性定语从句与限定性定语从句的区别非限定性定语从句与限定性定语从句的区别Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Bobsfather,whoworkedontheproject,spentfouryearsinEgypt.非限定性定语从句须注意的问题非限定性定语从句须注意的问题.1.that不能用于非限定性定语从句Heatisanotherformofenergy,whi
54、chisasimportantasotherkindsofenergy.2.在限定性定语从句中作宾语时,引导词可以省略,但引导非限定性定语从句的关联词不能省不能省。Heisamanwhomyoucanturntointrouble.Hewaseagertogotothehospitaltoseehisstepmother,whomhelovedalot.Which/as 引导的非限制性定语从句引导的非限制性定语从句Ourteamlostthegame,whichwasreportedinthenewspaper.Shewasfrightened,asIcouldseefromhereyes.w
55、hich，as在引导非限制性定语从句时在引导非限制性定语从句时,都可以指代主主句中的句中的一部分一部分或或整个句子的内容整个句子的内容。有时可以互换。Ourteamlostthegame,as/whichwasreportedinthenewspaper.Shewasfrightened,as/whichIcouldseefromhereyes.1.位置区别位置区别:which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句后面主句后面；as引导的非限制性定语句位置没有限定。Asanybodycansee,theelephantislikeasnake.=Theelephantislikeasnake,as
56、anybodycansee.Marywaslateagain,whichmadetheteacherangry.2.意思区别意思区别:as引导的从句有“正如”“正像”之意;which则译为“这一点”。asweallknow,asisknowntoall,aseverybodycansee,asisexpected等。Asweallknow,paperwasfirstmadeinChina.3.as引导的从句在意义上不能与主句相抵触，而which不受此限制。试比较：Hedidtheexperimentsuccessfully,ashadbeenexpected.Hefailedintheexpe
57、riment,whichwasunexpected.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,_wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A.whatB.whichC.asD.itThis is the village _I was born.This is the village _I like to paint in my picture.wherewhichI remember the time _I saw the film Titanic.I will never forget the two hours _I spent in the cinema.whenthat
