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1、语气英语的动词一般可带有三种不同的语气：英语的动词一般可带有三种不同的语气：陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。不同陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。不同的语气用动词的不同形式（有的还借助的语气用动词的不同形式（有的还借助句法形式）来表示。句法形式）来表示。语气陈述语气陈述语气(The Indicative Mood)用来陈述一个事实，或提出一个看法，有肯定，否定，疑问或感叹等形式。People get AIDS after having been infected with HIV.How should we act towards people who have AIDS.What a brave
2、girl!语气祈使语气(The Imperative Mood)用来表示请求，邀请，命令，警告或劝告等。Let me do it.Please keep quiet in the reading room.虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，一是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(在条件从句中或让步状语从句中)；一是表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等 (在宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)。虚拟语气的概念Practice:1.If I _ (be) you, I _ (take) her advice.2.If I _ (be) there then, I _(help)
3、 them.3.If you _ (go) abroad in the future, you _ (find) English really helpful.werewould takehad beenwould have helpedwent/should go/were to gowould findPractice:1.If it _ (rain) last night, it _ (be) very cool today.had rainedwould be The Subjunctive Mood一 时间选择型(时态前推型) 条件从句 结果主句与现在事实相反 didwere/was
4、would do与过去事实相反 had done(had been)would have done与将来事实相反 did/were/waswere to doshould dowould do1.含有虚拟条件句有时用but for, without or otherwise 等词代替条件句:1.Without your help, I _ (fail) in the experiment.2. I was very busy, otherwise I _ (join) you in the game.would have failedwould have joined思考思考: 还有哪些词语会
5、引起类似的动词形式呢还有哪些词语会引起类似的动词形式呢?Pratice:1.Even if/though he _(be) here now, he_ (not, be) able to help us.2.Nothing _(save) your father even if/though the doctor _(arrive) in time.3. Suppose/Supposing/(that) there _ the Internet, what _ (happen)? werewouldnt becould have savedhad arrivedwerentwould2.wis
6、h, as if/as though, would rather, if only等词所接的从句谓语也用“时态前推”型Practice:1.I wish it _ (be) spring all the year round.2.We wish we _ (arrive) two hours earlier.3.It is so cold as if it _ (be) in winter.4.He speaks English so well as though he _ (study) English in England.5.It looks as if it _ (be) going
7、to rain.6.Id rather he _ (not, tell) you about it.7.If only I _ (be) as young as you!8.If only I _ (follow) your advice then!werehad arrivedwerehad studiedishadnt toldwerehad followed二 (should) +动词原形型1.动词的宾语从句1.She advised that I _ (return) the books to the library on time.2.The teacher proposes tha
8、t we _ (do) plenty of reading after class.(should) return(should) do思考思考:还有哪些词有此用法还有哪些词有此用法?suggest(建议),propose, advise, ask, request, demand,require, insist(坚决主张),order, desire等.2.主语从句中A.It is suggested/ordered/requested/advised that(should) doB. It is important/necessary that(should) doC.It is str
9、ange/a pity/no wonder thatshould do (表惊奇,惋惜,理应如此等感情时)Practice:(Translation)1.It is strange that he _ (be) here.2.It is a great pity that she _ (be) so weak and thin.3.It is suggested that we _ (try) hard to enlarge our vocabulary by reading practice.4. It is important that we _ (pay) attention to ou
10、r own thinking when we are learning a foreign language.5.Her expression suggested that she _ (be) angry.bebetrypaywas3.与suggestion, order, advice, request, demand(n.)等有关的表语或同位语从句,eg:My advice is that you should do your exercises first.三 情态动词+have done 型should(not) have done/ought(not) to have done (
11、责备)could have done sth. (惋惜、庆幸)neednt have done sth. (后悔)Judging from the photos they brought back, it _ (不可能是) a pleasant journey.Look, there is a grocery. We _ (bring) such a lot of food.couldnt have beenneednt have brought四 一般过去式型1. It is (high/ about) time that we had dinner.五 动词原形型(表祝愿时)1.God bless you!2.Long live the the friendship between us!3.May you succeed!4.May you both be happy!But:5.Wish you every success! Wish you a good journey!
