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1、英文写作专题英文写作专题How to write a sentence How to write a paragraphHow to write an essay韶关学院外语学院韶关学院外语学院韶关学院外语学院韶关学院外语学院 廖庆生廖庆生廖庆生廖庆生Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.How to write a sentenceEvaluation only.Created with Aspose.S
2、lides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.基本句型及其转换与扩大o主语的结构形式比较划一，它通常是个名词词组即“（限定词）+（潜质修饰语）+名词+（后置修饰语）”的结构，而谓语的结构形式比较多样化，这种结构形式的多样性决定于不同类型的谓语动词的特征。谓语的几种不同结构，同时也决定着不同的分句类型，即基本句型。Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright
3、2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.基本句型及其转换与扩大o1.主-动-补oThe man is a teacher.oHe looks fine. oDinner is at six oclock.oLang Zongliang is 20.oThe tape-recorder is on the table. Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.基本句型及其转换与扩大o2.主-动oWe
4、laughed.oIron rusts.o3.主-动-宾oI like English.oWu Kangjian won the game.Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.基本句型及其转换与扩大o4.主-动-宾-宾oI sent him a telegram.oMary lent me her car. o5.主-动-宾-补oWe made him our spokesman. oThey elect
5、ed him president. Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.基本句型及其转换与扩大o6.主-动-补oI live in Beijing.oThey stayed in a hotel.o7.主-动-宾-状oShe speaks English fluently.oHe treated her badly. Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides f
6、or .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.How to write a paragraphEvaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.How to write a paragraph(1)o 首先确立能凝炼段落中心内容的主题句。然后列出二个以上能说明、支持或扩展主题的扩展句的提纲点、致力点，进而确立段落框架。最后填充
7、框架，既将提纲点/致力点扩展成句。并采用恰当关联词从而使段落框架有血有肉，最终扩展成段落。Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.典型段落o Opportunities do not come often (TS主题句).They come every once in a while(DS1-扩展句1). Very often, they come quietly and go by without bein
8、g noticed (DS2-扩展句2). Therefore, it is advisable that you should value and treat them with care.(CS-结尾句).Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.段落框架分析o1. Opportunities do not come often (TS-主题句).o2. come occasionally (扩展句提纲点1
9、)o3. come and go quietly (扩展句提纲点2)o4. value and treat them with care (结尾句)Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.典型练习oExercise: Please write a paragraph on the topic of Diligence.Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for
10、 .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.参考例文o Diligence is the key to success. It means persistent work and does not mean that we are to exert ourselves all day and night without rest, without food and without sleep. The true meaning of diligence is the careful use of tim
11、e for the purpose of improvement, or to work persistently without any waste of time. Diligence is important to everybody.Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.How to write a paragraph (2)o段落既然是由一组相关的共同表达一个中心的若干句子组成，尤其写作原则要求它
12、必须具有一致性和连贯性。o段落的一致性：段落的一致性：在一个段落中集中表达一个主要思想的特征被称作段落的统一性和一致性。段落的一致性要求一个段落只能阐述一个主题思想。换言之，一个段落中，作者只能讨论一个话题或者某一个话题的一个方面。换主题或讨论、阐述问题另一方面时，必须另起一段。段落的一致性主要在于段落主题句或扩展句在意义上的统一，即段落内部的内在统一。段落的一致性要求段落中所有的内容都必须与段落主题思想有关，段内各句都必须支持、发展或服务于段落的中心思想。Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profil
13、e 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.典型例文o The party at Miss Whites flat was a failure. She hadnt bought enough food and beverage. The guests soon ran out of drink and finished whatever dishes on the table. To make things worse, most of the guests were strangers to each other and stood awkwa
14、rdly in groups, holding their empty glasses and wondering what to say. The worst of the party is that even the only TV set in the room went black, and Miss White had to spend the whole time making apologies. So in the end, the only thing left to do was to go home, and all the guests left early so as
15、 to escape from the awkward situation.Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.How to write an essayEvaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.How to write
16、an essayo四级作文要求：o要求学生写出一篇120左右的短文。试卷上可给出段首句要求书写，或要求看图作文，或给出关键词，要求写成短文，但从近十套作文题中提纲式作文有7次，应用文2次，图标式作文1次。o命题式样： 提纲式作文、图表式作文、应用文Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.o提纲式作文解析：提纲式作文解析：o根据给出的提纲写作文，提纲分英语和汉语两种。一般来说，给几个提纲，就写几段作文，而且每个
17、提纲可以理解为本段的中心思想，即主题。可以将每个提纲作为每一段的主题句，通过举例子，分类和因果分析的方法进行扩展，同时要注意段落与段落之间的连贯和衔接。o提纲式作文分类：提纲式作文分类：o1.事实对比型; 2.说明利弊型;o3.解决方法型; 4.阐述主题型Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.1.事实对比型o题型特点：题型特点：o提纲中给出某一事物的优缺点，要求考生进行比较，然后下结论，最后阐述自己的缺点。
18、o典型例题：典型例题：o1998.06 Do lucky numbers really bring good luck?o2000.06 Is a test of spoken English necessary?ocolinliao 建议：建议：o对某一事物的优缺点进行比较时中间应用一些表示转折关系的词语，如however, on the one hand , in contrast, on the contrary, etc. Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Cop
19、yright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.参考写作模版oSome people tend to think that观点一。They point out that 理由一。Additionally, 理由二。（A case in point is 举例。）Therefore,小结。oOn the contrary, other people hold the view that 观点二。They argue that 理由一。Whats more, 理由二。（As an illustration,举例。）Accordingly, 小结。oAs far as I am co
20、ncerned, I think 我的观点。The reason is that 理由一。 And also,理由二。So,总结自己的观点。 Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.2.说明利弊型o题型特点：题型特点：o提纲中给出的两种观点一般都有可取之处，但都有点极端。oColin建议建议：o保留两种观点可取之处，形成一种新观点，并解释支持这种观点的理由。Evaluation only.Created wi
21、th Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.参考写作模版oWhenever we hear people say that 主题， well instantly have the idea that it is a good/bad thing for某人 . Indeed, 主题 many advantages to 某人 . We can take 例子 as an example. It will benefit 好处一. In addition,好处二 .
22、oIn the meantime, we must realize those disadvantages of 主题。First of all 坏处一。Second, 坏处二。oTo sum up the above arguments, I think a proper attitude towards 主题 is that 我的观点。 Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.3.解决方法型o题型特点题型
23、特点：o利用对已给出的材料作出自己的分析，论述其原因，然后提出自己的看法或对象。o典型例题：典型例题：o2001.01 How to succeed in a Job Interview?o2000.01 How I Finance My College Education?Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.参考写作模版oNowadays, we have to face a problem that
24、问题。（Nowadays, more and more people are concerned about the problem 问题。/It is important for us to问题。）For instance例一。Moreover, 例二。oPeople have figured out many ways to solve the problem. (Confronted with 问题， we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation.) Firstly, 解决方法一。Seco
25、ndly, 解决方法二。oPersonally, I believe that 我的观点。（To me, I am taking two ways to solve the problem of 问题。）One of them is 方法一。The other is 方法二。By now ways have been working perfectly and efficiently.Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose
26、Pty Ltd.4.阐述主题型o题型特点：题型特点：这类命题作为一般属于“概念型”议论文，要求考生以例证为手段论证某概念（如成语、格言、谚语、术语等）所蕴含的道理。概念型议论文开篇必须就所设定的概念（如格言、成语等）做出解释，紧接其后为主体段（body），要求对开篇进行演艺，或平行称述对立的观点，或以实例证明主题。 Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.o经典例题：经典例题：o1998.01 Harmful
27、ness of Fake CommoditiesoColinliao建议：建议：o写这种作文时先对题目及提纲进行分析，最后得出合理的结论，在得出结论时，可以使用些表示结论的句式或词语，如：In conclusion,; We can conclude that; We can draw an conclusion that Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.参考写作模板oA famous saying
28、goes that 名言或谚语。It means that 释义。oAn example of the case is 举例。解释。oAnother case is point is 例二。oI like the saying-(名言)，which encourages me理由。Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.图表式作文o题型特点题型特点：图标式作文虽然在形式撒谎那个看来用的是图表形式，但根据其题目
29、及提纲要求也可看成是特殊的提纲式作文o经典例题：经典例题：o2002.06 Student Use of ComputersoColinliao建议：建议：o写作方法与提纲式作文没有太大区别，将图表式作文归入提纲式作文那一类型，但需仔细分析其提纲要求，并酌情处理。Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.参考写作模板（1）oFrom the graph, we know the statistics of 图表
30、概况。It can easily be seen that 揭示含义。oThere are many reasons responsible for this instance, and the following are the typical ones. For one thing, 理由一。In addition, 理由二。The main reason is that 理由三。 oHowever, this graph may not predict the entire situation in the future. I believe 前景预测。（Above all, we no
31、w know about the problem and we should try to find some ways to solve it. For one thing, 方法一。For another thing, 方法二。Still another, 方法三。）Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.参考写作模板（2）o It is obvious in the graphic/table that
32、 the rate/number/amount of Y has undergone dramatic changes. It has gone up/grown/fallen/dropped considerably in recent years (as X varies). At the point of X1, Y reaches its peak value of (多少). Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose
33、 Pty Ltd.o What is the reason for this change? Mainly there are (多少) reasons behind the situation reflected in the graphic/table. First of all, (第一个原因). More importantly, (第二个原因). Most important of all, (第三个原因). Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright
34、 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.o From the above discussions, we have enough reason to predict what will happen in the near future. The trend described in the graphic/table will continue for quite a long time (if necessary measures are not taken括号里的使用于那些不太好的变化趋势).Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides
35、 for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.oDirections: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic On College Degree.
36、You should write at least 130 words, and base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below:o1、过去，拥有大学文凭意味着可以找到一个好工作；o2、这种情况已经发生了很大的变化；o3、如何面对这一深刻的变化。Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Writing On College Degreeo
37、In the past, as the chances for people to get higher education were very slim, college students were often regarded as specially privileged persons and a college degree could usually guarantee them an ideal job. Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright
38、 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.o However, as the number of college students rises sharply in recent years, the situation is completely different. For one thing, as more opportunities are provided for average students to enter universities, the quality of college degree is being questioned by the public.
39、For another, the competition in the job market has inevitably become more fierce than ever before because more and more college graduates are pouring into the society. Therefore, a college degree doesnt necessarily mean an attractive job, and college students, who were privileged in the past, are be
40、ing challenged today.Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.o So, its time for the college administrations and the students to be aware of the profound change and adapt themselves to it. The traditional educational system should be reformed and the students should be more creative in their studies so that a more competent and competitive generation will be cultivated to meet the needs of the society. Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.
