《RobertFrost美国文学史》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《RobertFrost美国文学史（38页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、NOTHING GOLD CAN STAYNatures first green is gold,Her hardest hue to hold.Her early leafs a flower;But only so an hour.Then leaf subsides to leaf.So Eden sank to grief,So dawn goes down to day.Nothing gold can stay.Robert Frost(1874-1963)Robert Frost (1874一一1963) Robert Frosts Life Storyborn in San F
2、ranciscochildhood, the Far Westdeath of Father, to Salem, New Hampshire1892, Dartmouth College, soon leftodd workpoetry1897, college again, Harvard, but left, dislike for academic convention Robert Frosts Life Storynext 12 yearsteaching, farming, continuing poetry writing1912, decide literature as a
3、 careersail for England,success in Londonreturned home for recognition in native landfor living:taught in collegesgave poetry readings Robert Frosts Life Storya national bard;honorary degrees from 44 colleges and universities;four Pulitzer Prizesplain speech of rural New Englanders;short, traditiona
4、l forms of lyric and narrative;a poet of nature;mysteries of darkness and irrationality in the worldHis lifes ambition: to write a few poems it will be hard to get rid of.I. Major works:1913, A Boys Will1914 North of Boston “The Death of a Hired Man”“After Apple-Picking”“ Mending Wall”1916, Mountain
5、 Interval “The Rod Not Taken”, “Birches”1923, New Hampshire, The first Pulitzer Prize“Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening”- examplify the ability to join the pastoral and philosophical modes in lyrics of unforgettable beauty.1928, West-Running Brook1930, Collected Poems the second Pulitzer Prize193
6、5, Further Range the third Pulitzer Prize1942, Witness Tree the fourth Pulitzer PrizeII. Features:1. Deceptive simplicityIm always saying something thats just the edge of something more. He boasted that he “dropped to an everyday level of diction that even wordsworth kept above”.2. figurative langua
7、ge“Metaphor is the whole of poetry Every poem is a new metaphor inside or it is nothing.” “Poetry is simply made of metaphor.”Poetry was “saying one thing and meaning another, saying one thing in terms of another, the pleasure of ulterioity”.3. Combination of tradition and modernism: iambic feet, bl
8、ank verse, etc, with local speech rhythm.“I alone of English writers have consciously set myself to make music out of what I may call the sound of sense.”“The sentence sounds are very definite entities.They are gathered by the ear from the vernacular and brought into books.”4. themes: a. basic theme
9、s of human life: love, friendship, family, social relationships; (New England poet) b. finding sufficient faith in the self, nature, and the cosmos to fuel persistence amid suffering and chaos (a momentary stay against confusion)Both experimental and traditional, both regional and universal.Famous Q
10、uatations:A poem begins in delight and ends in wisdom. A poet never takes notes. You never take notes in a love affair. A mother takes twenty years to make a man of her boy, and another woman makes a fool of him in twenty minutes. A bank is a place where they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and
11、 ask for it back when it begins to rain. Education is the ability to listen to almost anything without losing your temper. Half the world is composed of people who have something to say and cant, and the other half who have nothing to say and keep on saying it. Home is the place where, when you have
12、 to go there, they have to take you in. In three words I can sum up everything Ive learned about life: it goes on. THE ROAD NOT TAKEN from Mountain IntervalTwo roads diverged in a yellow wood,And sorry I could not travel bothAnd be one traveler, long I stoodAnd looked down one as far as I couldTo wh
13、ere it bent in the undergrowth;Then took the other, as just as fair, And having perhaps the better claim,Because it was grassy and wanted wear;Though as for that the passing thereHad worn them really about the same.And both that morning equally layIn leaves no step had trodden black.Oh, I kept the f
14、irst for another day!Yet knowing how way leads on to way, I doubted if I should ever come back.I shall be telling this with a sighSomewhere ages and ages hence:Two roads diverged in a wood, and I -I took the one less traveled by,And that has made all the difference.STOPPING BY WOODS ON SNOWY EVENING
15、Whose woods these are I think I know.His house is in the village, though;He will not see me stopping hereTo watch his woods fill up with snow.My little horse must think it queerTo stop without a farmhouse nearBetween the woods and frozen lakeThe darkest evening of the year.He gives his harness bells
16、 a shakeTo ask if there is some mistake.The only other sounds the sweepOf easy winds and downy flake. The woods are lovely, dark and deep.But I have promises to keep,And miles to go before I sleep -And miles to go before I sleep. DESIGNI found a dimpled spider, fat and white,On a white heal-all, hol
17、ding up a mothLike a white piece of rigid satin cloth -Assorted characters of death and blightMixed ready to begin the morning right, Like the ingredients of a witches broth -A snow-drop spider, a flower like a froth,And dead wings carried like a paper kite.What had that flower to do with being whit
18、e,The wayside blue and innocent heal-all? What brought the kindred spider to that height,Then steered the white moth thither in the night?What but design of darkness to appall? -If design govern in a thing so smallFire and IceSome say the world will end in fire,some say in ice.From what Ive tasted of desireI hold with those who favor fire.But if it had to perish twice, I think I know enough of hateTo say that for destruction iceIs also great And would suffice.
