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1、SECTION GRAMMAR一二三一、当你发表意见和评论时,常用哪些句型1.2.3.4.5.答案:略一二三二、从Reading部分的课文ELIAS STORY中找出三个含有“介词+which”引导的定语从句的句子1.2.3.答案:1.He was generous with his time,for which I was grateful.2.The parts of town in which they had to live were decided by white people.3.we were put into a position in which we had either
2、 to accept we were less important,or fight the government.一二三三、请根据下面的图片以及图片后该人物所说的话语,用“介词+whom”完成下列句子1.This is a child (Many people are talking about me.)about whom many people were talking 一二三2.I met two girls (Tom often travels with us.)with whom Tom often travels 一二三3.The nurse often wears a smil
3、e.(Wang Fang works with me in Red Star Hospital.)with whom Wang Fang works in Red Star Hospital 一二三4.There are five young people in the picture .(The man in red is the tallest among them.)among whom the man in red is the tallest 定语从句() 定语从句除了由关系代词引导外,还可由关系副词when,where,why引导,它们在从句中作状语。1.关系副词when引导的定语
4、从句当定语从句所修饰的先行词是表示时间的名词,且在定语从句中充当时间状语时,用when引导,也可以用“介词+which”来代替when。【高考典句】(2015陕西高考) As the smallest child of his family,Alex is always longing for the time when he should be able to be independent.作为家中最小的孩子,阿莱克斯总是渴望自己能够独立的日子。单句填空:I will never forget the day when(+) an earthquake struck Wenchuan,Sic
5、huan Province.我永远也不会忘记四川省汶川发生地震的那一天。答案:on;whichOctober 1st,1949 was the day when (+) the Peoples Republic of China was founded.1949年10月1日是中华人民共和国成立的日子。答案:on;which注意:when是关系副词,在从句中只能作状语,而不能作宾语或主语。关系词如在从句中作主语或宾语要用关系代词which或that,作宾语时常常省略关系代词。Do you remember the days we spent together?你还记得我们一起度过的那些日子吗?(
6、关系词在从句中作spent的宾语)答案:which/that或不填比较:Do you remember the days when(during which)we worked together?你还记得我们一起工作的日子吗?(关系词在从句中作状语)2.关系副词where引导的定语从句当定语从句所修饰的先行词是表示地点的名词,且在定语从句中充当地点状语时,用where引导定语从句,也可以用“介词+which”来代替where。【高考典句】(2015浙江高考)Creating an atmosphere where employees feel part of a team is a big c
7、hallenge.创造一种员工们感觉自己是团队里的一分子的氛围是一个巨大的挑战。This is the factory where (in which) he works.翻译:答案:这是他上班的工厂。注意:(1)若表示地点的先行词在从句中不作地点状语时,不可用where来引导定语从句,若作主语或宾语时,应用which或that来引导定语从句。单句填空:His father works in a factory produces radio parts.他爸爸在一家制造无线电零件的工厂工作。答案:which/that翻译句子The school (which/that) we visited
8、yesterday is newly built.翻译:答案:我们昨天参观的那所学校是新建的。(2)一些特殊名词后用where引导定语从句。如果定语从句前面的先行词是point,situation,condition,stage和case等,且在从句中作状语时,应用where来引导定语从句。单句填空:We have come to the point we have to face such a problem.我们已到了必须面对这样一个问题的地步了。答案:whereThe country is in the situation a war will break out at any time
9、.这个国家处在随时会爆发战争的局势中。答案:where3.关系副词why引导的定语从句(1)当先行词是reason时,可以用why引导限制性定语从句,why在定语从句中作原因状语。11 Do you know the reason why he was late?翻译:答案:你知道他迟到的原因吗?12 The reason why he told a lie is unclear.翻译:答案:他撒谎的原因不清楚。(2)我们也可以用for which来替代why。单句填空:13 The reason you failed,I think,was that you had not followed
10、 your mothers advice.我认为你失败的原因是你不听你母亲的忠告。答案:why/for which注意:若先行词reason在从句中不作状语,而作主语或宾语时,应用that或which来引导定语从句。单句填空:14 This is the reason our teacher gave us for doing it.这就是我们老师给我们做此事的理由。答案:which/that15 He gave me a reason was reasonable.他给了我一个合情合理的理由。答案:which/that4.“介词+which/whom”引导的定语从句“介词+关系代词”引导的定
11、语从句,修饰物时用which而不用that;修饰人时用whom而不用who。16 【高考典句】(2015重庆高考)He wrote many childrens books,nearly half of which were published in the 1990s.他写了很多本儿童读物,其中将近一半于20世纪90年代出版。单句填空:17 This is the village he was born twenty years ago.这就是20年前他出生的那个村子。答案:in which18 This is the person I borrowed money.这就是我向他借钱的那个人
12、。答案:from whom19 They gave me a book,there are a lot of beautiful pictures.他们给了我一本书,里面有很多美丽的图片。答案:in which20 ur English teacher has two sons,one is a professor.我们英语老师有两个儿子,其中一个是教授。答案:of whom注意:(1)短语动词中的介词不可与动词分开提至关系代词前。常见的短语动词有:listen to,look at,depend on,pay attention to,take care of,look into,break
13、 into,get rid of,take part in,make use of,take hold of,catch hold of,catch up with,get along with,look forward to等。单句填空:21 This is the baby my mother is looking after.(after不可提到whom前面)这就是我妈妈正在照看的婴儿。答案:whom/who/that(2)介词来自于定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配。单句填空:22 Is this the dictionary you paid five yuan?这就是你花了五元钱买的那本
14、字典吗?答案:for which(3)介词由先行词来决定。23 He wrote an article of which the title is“How to protect our earth”.翻译:答案:他写了一篇题为“如何保护我们的地球”的文章。(4)介词由整个句子所表达的意思来确定。单句填空:24 Do you know the hunter the wolf was killed?你认识杀死那只狼的猎人吗?答案:by whom(5)way后常用that代替in which,也可省略that。25 I really dont like the way in which he tal
15、ks.=I really dont like the way (that) he talks.翻译:答案:我真的不喜欢他谈话的方式。(6)“of+which”可起形容词的作用,相当于whose(用来指物),其词序通常是“the+名词+of which”或“of which+the+名词”。单句填空:26 They live in a house door/the door of opens to the south.他们居住在一座门朝南的房子里。答案:whose;which27 Hes written a book name/ the name Ive completely forgotten.他已经写了一本书,我完全忘记了书的名字。答案:whose;of which
