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1、whatever,whoever,whichever引导名词性从句一、基本用法概说英语中的-ever词主要包括whatever,whoever,whichever,whenever,wherever,however等,其中可引导名词性从句的主要有whatever,whoever,whichever等这里所说的名词性从句主要指主语从句和宾语从句,它们通常不用于引导同位语从句,同时也很少用于引导表语从句。如:Whateverhesaidwasright.(引导主语从句)Idontbelievewhateverhesaid.(引导宾语从句)在某些特定的语境中,也可用于引导表语从句。如:Whathew
2、antstogetiswhateveryouhave.他想得到的是你所拥有的一切。whateveradj.不管什么样的pron.无论什么;诸如此类conj.无论什么引导的名词性从句whatever的意思是“whatever所的一切事或东西”,可视为what的强调说法,其含义大致相当于anythingthatwhatever在从句中可用作主语、宾语、定语。用法可以视作what或者形容词Dowhatevershetellsyouandyoullhavepeace.Idontbelieveinlettingchildrendowhatevertheylike.Goatseatwhateverfood
3、theycanfind.whicheverpron.任何一个;无论哪个adj.无论哪个;无论哪些引导的名词性从句whichever的意思“的那个人或事物”,在意义上大致相当于thepersonorthethingthat。可视为any的强调说法.whichever在从句中可用作主语、宾语或定语。用法可以看做是any和whicheverof.如:Youcanpickwhicheveroneyoulike.Youmaytakewhichever(=any)seatyoulike.Youmayvotewhicheverofthecandidatesyoulikebest.Welleatatwhich
4、everoftherestauranthavingaseat.whoever引导的名词性从句whoever的意思“任何的人”,在意义上大致相当于anybodywho。whoever在从句中可用作主语或宾语。作宾语时不宜用whomever,因为在现代英语中whomever已几乎不用)。Illtakewhoeverwantstogo.Whoeversaysthatisaliar.Shecanmarrywhoevershechooses.Illgivethetickettowhoeverwantsit.Tellwhoeveryoulikeitmakesnodifferencetome.另外,注意以下
5、受汉语意思影响而弄错的句子:谁赢了都可以获奖。误:Whowinscangetaprize.误:Anyonewinscangetaprize.正:Whoeverwinscangetaprize.正:Anyonewhowinscangetaprize.引导状语从句的用法whatever,whoever,whichever除用于引导的名词性从句外,还可用于引导状语从句,分别相当于nomatterwhat,nomatterwho,nomatterwhich。Whoever=Nomatterwhowantstospeaktomeonthephone,tellthemImbusy.Whichever=Nomatterwhichyoubuy,thereisasix-monthguarantee.Illstandbyyouwhatever=nomatterwhathappens.