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1、新课标人教版课件系列高中英语选修选修( (模块）模块）9-9-2.2 Before listening to the tape, look at the map below. Then write down which new places Zheng He might have visited on his seven voyages.ListeningListening1By 刘超英刘超英ZhengZheng Hes Voyage Hes VoyageBy 刘超英刘超英By 刘超英刘超英nautical chartnautical chart LISTENING TEXT WHO WAS
2、ZHENG HE? (Li Huaying = LH, Celia Main = CM) LH: The most famous Chinese navigator was Zheng He. He lived from 1371 to 1433 and made seven voyages around the South China Sea, across to India and even as far as the eastern coast of Africa. It was the 600th anniversary of these voyages in 2005. CM: Ar
3、e there other famous Chinese navigators or is he the only one? LH: He is the only one weve got evidence for. CM: So there may have been others? LH: We dont know. Thats because a later Emperor may have destroyed a lot of evidence of other voyages. CM: I see. Where did Zheng He go? LH: The documents t
4、ell us that he was born in Yunnan. He built a pillar to record his achievements. It states that he made seven voyages and visited more than thirty countries. He said that the Emperor ordered him to show the strength of Chinese power and meet foreigners from beyond the seas. So he went to unknown pla
5、ces and set up trade.CM: Tell me about his voyages.LH: Well, on his first voyage he visited Calicut in India. The people there were very impressed and a little frightened when they saw so many large ships. So the ruler wisely decided to make friends with these strangers. He gave Zheng He many scarve
6、s made of gold and decorated with jewels. Then he entertained him and his men with music and songs.CM: Did he go to other places?LH: Yes, on other voyages he visited Champa, and Sumatra near China, Hormuz, and Aden in the Persian Gulf and Mogadishu in Africa. Zheng He opened diplomatic relations wit
7、h them and gave them presents. CM: What did the Chinese offer as gifts? LH: Zheng He found that foreign kings particularly admired Chinese porcelain and silk. So thats why his ships were filled with those things. CM: I see. Is that why they say his ships were so large? LH: Yes, t suppose so. When he
8、 returned from India he brought a giraffe for the Emperor as a present. So his ships must have been large. CM: Some writers say that the ships could carry as many as 20,000 people altogether. LH: And other writers say Zheng He was eight feet tall! We shouldnt believe everything writers tell us. Obvi
9、ously they wanted to show how important Zheng He was. Undoubtedly the ships were large- but perhaps not that large!CM: I see. That makes sense. Well, thank you for telling me about Zheng He. He sounds a fascinating man.Answers may vary. Listen to the tape for the first time and tick those ports and
10、islands mentioned in the text. Then check to see how many you got right out of the six in the pre-listening activity. 1 _ 2 _ 3 _ 4 _ 5 _ 6 _ Read the statements and listen to the tape for the second time. Then complete the chart.23CalicutChampaSumatraHormuzAdenMogadishuStatementEvidence1 He is the
11、only 15th century Chinese navigator we know.No reports of other navigators for this period have survived. 2 He came from Yunnan Province.3 His ships were very large.4 He was very important.It was written in documents. The writers mention it in the books. He made seven voyages and visited more than t
12、hirty countries. 5 Foreign kings liked Chinese porcelain and silk.6 He returned with strange presents for the Emperor. 1 2Zheng He remarks how much the foreign kings liked porcelain and silk. He brought a giraffe for the Emperor from Africa. He brought scarves of fine gold decorated with pearls and
13、precious stones. Listen to the tape for the third time and finish these sentences so that they show cause and effect.1 The Emperor wanted to demonstrate Chinese power abroad so 2 When he died Zheng He wanted people to know how successful he had been so 4he sent ZhengHe with a large fleet of ships to
14、 visit new places in neighbouring countries.up a pillar describing all his achievements.he put 3 The writers wanted people to believe that Zheng Hes ships were large so 4 The writers wanted people to believe Zheng He was very important would believe that he really had achieved great things and gone
15、to many foreign countries.that theydescribed him as being eight feet tall.so theyTalkingTalkingMay the strangest argument win!The following information given may help you make your arguments well.Possible arguments for the voyages Possible arguments against the voyages The government can remove pira
16、tes from the seas. Then they can tax the traders more. Armies to the north of China are a constant and very real threat. They had wars with the Chinese army in the past and may do so again if China is not prepared. The voyages are very impressive and make people in distant lands recognize the greatn
17、ess of China. To defend China against the armies from the north is very costly and needs many soldiers. There will be no money for a fleet. If we do not continue the voyages we will lose diplomatic and trading connections. There is little reason to continue foreign trade. China is so large that it d
18、oes not need foreign trade to develop economically. Sample debate (Em = Emperor) Em: Those against the voyages may make their arguments now. S 1: Your Excellency, we would like to suggest that you do not continue with these voyages. They are expensive and take many soldiers, who could be protecting
19、Chinese borders, away on trading expeditions. This means our people are left exposed to attacks by armies from the north. S2: We are a great country and do not need to trade with other foreign countries to succeed economically. Selling goods within our borders is quite enough to secure our future. S
20、o, Your Excellency, there seems to be no reason to continue these voyages. Em: Thank you. Now let me hear the arguments of those who want these voyages to continue. S3: Thank you, Your Excellency. These voyages are very impressive and many people are now able to recognize the greatness of China. The
21、y help build diplomatic relations with other countries. What is more, we can co-operate with other countries to clear the South China Sea of pirates and other troublesome people. S4: In addition these links can help us with our foreign trade. We can sell many things to these countries. Their rulers
22、often ask for more silk and porcelain goods and are very eager for our friendship and co-operation. With our foreign trade connections we can increase our position in this area and spread our influence even wider. Em: Thank you for your advice. I have thought for a long time on this matter and I agr
23、ee that trade with other countries is good. We can use this opportunity to spread the greatness of China and to increase our influence in this region. It would also help our people if we cleared the South China Sea of pirates. They cause difficulties to our fishermen and traders and hurt many innoce
24、nt lives. As for our northern border, I will secure that by using other troops and make sure we will be secure in the future. Thank you for your help. The voyages will continue! Look at each sentence. Complete it with a word opposite in meaning to the one underlined in the sentence.EXAMPLE: The retu
25、rn voyage was calm, but during the outward voyage we had one storm after another. 1 When the dawn appeared and outlined the African mountains, they were very beautiful, but at _ the mountains appeared dark and very frightening.USING words AND expressionsUSING words AND expressions1dusk 2 On the arri
26、val of the Queen of England everyone bowed, but on her _ . everyone waved her goodbye instead. 3 Relaxation exercises are a good way to calm ones mind, but too much exercise brings too much _ .departuretension 4 When climbing the mountain we had to slow down before we reached the top, but on the way
27、 down we _ all the way. 5 To buy a new car every year would represent a life of luxury, but not to have one is no _ when there are so many buses and taxis.acceleratedhardship Use the words or phrases below in their proper forms to complete the passage. Last year I had a bad experience in the jungle
28、of South America. We had set out with a _ compass, which was _ for locating the source of the local river. Our depended _ on2survival portable starvation incident jaws of death compulsory crew parcel thirst dilemma psychologically foreseeportablecompulsorysurvival our navigating skills, but what nob
29、ody could have _ was that we would break our compass. Without it, I, as leader, was on the horns of a _ . Should we wait for rescue or continue our expedition and perhaps get lost? My decision was made when we counted our food supplies. _ was not going to be a problem, but _ was something that we we
30、re going to have to deal with _ . So we waited where we were. Luckily the police sent a small airplane to find us and drop us a _ offoreseendilemmaStarvation thirstpsychologicallyparcel supplies and a new compass. When we eventually arrived back from our journey, the air _ congratulated us on our es
31、cape from the _ . Only their help combined with our self-control and determination prevented this _ from becoming a disaster!crewjaws of deathincident Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and phrase in brackets. 1 渐渐地，我习惯了学校的常规。既然我已经上了高级班，就可以自己制定学习计划了。(gradually； routine)
32、I have gradually accepted / got used to the routine at school now that I am in the advanced class and can make my own study plan.3 2 让那个女孩来拍广告有一个不利条件，就是她方方的下巴使她看上去不大友好。(drawback；jaw) The drawback of using that girl for the advertising was her square jaw which made her look unfriendly. 3 数学是一门需要精密准确工
33、作的学科。(mathematics；precise) Mathematics is a subject which demands precise and accurate work. 4 在公园里，我看见一个小男孩手持风筝线，风筝在他的头顶上正由风摆布，忽上忽下。(overhead；at the mercy of ) In the park I saw a small boy holding the string of a kite overhead, which was rising and falling at the mercy of the wind. 5 那个探险家想成为第一个到达
34、南极的人以确保他在历史上的地位。(secure；pole) That explorer wanted to secure his place in history by being the first man to reach the South Pole. 6 王先生每月往银行里存款，好攒钱买一所公寓，以尽他对家庭的责任。(deposit；responsibility) Mr Wang made a deposit into the bank every month to save for a flat so that he could fulfil his responsibility t
35、o his family.Read this passage and then fill in the missing predicates using the verbs in brackets. In 1909 a disagreement _ (arise) over who had been the first person to reach the North Pole. This geographical point to the north of the earth _ (can, find) among the ice and snow that _ (float) on th
36、e northern sea. Three men _ (make) the same claim: Frederick Cook, Matthew Hensen and Robert Peary.USING STRUCTURESUSING STRUCTURESarosecan be foundfloatsmade The first to suggest that he _ (reach) the North Pole was Frederick Cook. His claim _ soon _ (find) to be false when the photographs he _ (us
37、e) as evidence _ (prove) to be fakes. The second _ (be) Matthew Hensen, a black American explorer of the Arctic. He was the servant of the third candidate, Robert Peary and _ (travel) with him across the Arctic for twenty years. He _ (state) that he and Robert Peary _ both _ (reach) the North Pole t
38、ogether.had reachedwasfoundhad usedprovedwashad been travellingstatedhadreached The American Congress, however, _ (declare) that Peary was the true winner of this race to be the first American to reach the North Pole. It _ (seem) that although Hensen and Peary travelled together, Peary _ (refuse) to
39、 allow Hensen to join in his success. Evidence that Hensen _ (be) there (such as his 110 photographs) all mysteriously _ (disappear). It seems we _ (may) never know exactly which American(s) reached the North Pole first. But the Inuit _ (be) certain that they _ (live) there long after the problem _
40、(solve).declaredseemedrefusedwasdisappearedmayarewill be livingis solved Listen to the tape and put these sentences in the correct order. ( ) 1 Sindbad spent his money foolishly. ( ) 2 One day he landed on an island. ( ) 3 He sold his goods and returned home. ( ) 4 He decided to become a merchant. (
41、 ) 5 The island was really a whale. LISTENING TASKLISTENING TASK1ACIBD ( ) 6 He was captured. ( ) 7 He drifted to another island. ( ) 8 The king gave him a job. ( ) 9 He was thrown into the sea when the whale sank.GFHE LISTENING TEXT SINDBADS FIRST ADVENTURE Once there lived a rich merchant called S
42、indbad. One evening as they were eating dinner, his friends asked him how he had become so rich. Sindbad smiled. listen, he said, and Ill tell you my adventures. This is the first one? My father was rich but I spent his money unwisely and was soon left with nothing. At last I decided to trade in for
43、eign lands. So I bought some goods and set out. We sailed many days from island to island. I sold goods and bought others. Then, at last we came to a beautiful island and decided to visit it. The passengers began to make a fire to cook dinner. We ate and drank happily. Then I went to explore the isl
44、and. I had not gone far when I heard the captain calling us back to the ship. Come quickly. This isnt an island but a giant whale! It has been floating so long on the sea that sand has settled on its back and trees have grown there. The fire woke it up and soon it will sink under the waves and youll
45、 drown? Everyone rushed to the ship leaving everything behind. Some reached it safely but not all. Suddenly the island shook beneath our feet and sank under the water. I was thrown into the sea, but I managed to grab a piece of wood. Meanwhile the captain set sail, leaving me alone. I thought I woul
46、d die! I drifted on the sea until I came to another island. I was safe! But my troubles werent over, for I was suddenly seized by five men. They dragged me into bushes and held me there. Then I noticed that nearby was a horse tied to a tree. We waited until it grew dark. Then out of the sea came som
47、e enormous seahorses. They approached the real horse cautiously while the men rushed out to catch them. Most escaped but they captured one. They took me back to the king. Later I found that they kept the seahorses to produce strong young horses to sell. I worked for the king who was good to me. My j
48、ob was to tell him of any foreign ship that came to his island. One day some foreign merchants came to sell goods. I asked the captain where he was going. Tm going to Baghdad; he said, Ive some goods that belonged to a merchant called Sindbad. Im taking them back. I couldnt believe my ears. Immediat
49、ely I explained who I was, and proved to them that I WAS Sindbad. Then I sold my goods and returned to Baghdad a rich man. This was the first of my adventures. Come back tomorrow to hear the second one. Listen to the tape again and answer these questions. 1 Do you think this story could be true? Why
50、? The story could not be true because: A whale would not remain still long enough for trees to grow on its back; Sea horses do not have the build or size of real horses; Sea horses cannot be used to produce stronger horses than real horses.22 Which part do you find is the most unlikely? The ideas of
51、 the students may vary. The most important thing is to make sure they have a reason for their ideas. 3 Identify two aspects of animal behavior that are not true. Why? These aspects of animal behavior are not true. Whales resting so long on the surface of the ocean. Whales have to keep returning to t
52、he surface of the sea to breathe but then they must return under the water to keep their skin wet. It would be impossible for a whale to remain on the water so long that soil accumulated and trees grew there. Sea horses being able to live and move on land and in the sea. Sea horses are small creatur
53、es made of shell or bone and about the size of a hand. They have no legs but move along by pushing their tail up and down and curling it up between pushes. Their heads resemble the knights of chessmen sets. Sea horses cannot breed with land horses to produce stronger land horses. 4 What is the coinc
54、idence in the story? Explain it. The coincidence was that Sindbad met some people from his home. He wanted to go home, and they were looking for him. Now that you have read some of Sindbads story it is your task to complete it in an exciting way. First, in pairs, sort out the structure of the story.
55、READING TASKREADING TASK1Structure of the storyInformation needInformation gained 1 BeginningHeroSindbad PlaceType of writingBaghdadfiction2 Develop-mentPlace 1What happensPlace 2What happenson an unknown islandSindbad is left behind by the ship, sees a bird and ties himself to its leg to escape. on
56、 a high hillSindbad unties himself and sees the hill is covered in diamonds. Now in pairs you are going to devise an ending for the story. Remember that you want the escape to be as exciting as possible but without using magic. Be prepared to tell your ending together to the rest of the class.23 End
57、ingPlacehow it endsheros situationSindbad falls down a hole and lands on the beach.Ship passing by rescues him. Rich (diamonds); Back to Baghdad Now you are ready to make your own Sindbad story. It will be his third adventure. Questions given to the students Where does the story start? Why does Sind
58、bad leave Baghdad this time?What happens on the voyage? Where does the adventure take place?How does he find riches? What problem does he have?How does he escape?SPEAKING TASKSPEAKING TASKSample dialogue S1: Where do you think Sindbad should go this time? He seems to have travelled to tropical islan
59、ds and other strange places. Perhaps he should go to Antartica this time.S2: A good idea. He can set off from Baghdad and get carried by a strong wind to colder parts. His ship can be hit by an iceberg and he is the only survivor on an iceberg.S1: That sounds wonderful. Which animals live in Antarct
60、ica?S2: Penguins seem to be the only animals that live there. Perhaps they can mistake him for food and drag him across the ice to their nests.S1: There he discovers that the penguins use gold to line their nests and if he can get some and get away he will become rich again.S2: Good thinking. Perhap
61、s another iceberg can hit the place where the penguins live. It rocks the nests and releases the gold. In addition it exposes an old and abandoned boat covered by ice and snow and forgotten by its owners. Sindbad can use that to sail back to Baghdad.S1: Great! Lets get writing. Now begin to write yo
62、ur own Sindbad story. Use the stories you have read and heard to improve your writing. Follow the process set out below (given in the text book p.65). Sample Writing One warm sunny day Sindbad was sitting in its Baghdad home when a messenger came banging on his door. He carried a letter from the gov
63、ernment begging Sindbad to join anWRITING TASKWRITING TASK expedition bound for the islands where he had earlier found so many diamonds. He quickly agreed. The day he set sail was fine and the wind strong. It carded the ship rapidly out of the harbor and into the open sea. Once there it changed into
64、 a howling gale which tore at the ships sails and dragged it southwards. The sailors were very frightened and went below for safety but Sindbad remained on deck looking at the waves. It was lucky he did, for no sooner had the sailors gone below than the ship hit an enormous iceberg and immediately s
65、ank. All were drowned except Sindbad who was able to crawl onto the iceberg before his ship sank. He lay there in fear for some hours. Later he became so hungry that he was forced to move around on the iceberg searching for food. But, alas, only penguins live in Antarctica so Sindbad remained hungry
66、. Just as he had curled himself up into a ball to try and go to sleep and forget his problems, he felt himself being pulled across the ice. A large penguin was towing him like a boat behind it and towards a large nest. Inside the nest he placed the terrified Sindbad, next to three small baby penguin
67、s. The mother penguin then began to feed the babies and kept trying to peck Sindbad and remove some flesh from his body. This action was extremely painful and to avoid it Sindbad tried to hide in the bottom of the nest. As he did so, he noticed that the bottom of the nest shone with a yellow glow an
68、d as he explored further he soon found that the glow came from gold. It seemed that the penguins lined their nests with gold! Sindbad struggled to collect some gold for himself but his efforts were in vain. Then suddenly an iceberg hit the place where the nest lay so firmly that the nest broke apart
69、, the gold was revealed and the penguins were thrown into the sea. Sindbad grabbed the gold and looked around for a means of escape. Suddenly he saw the unmistakable outline of a ship covered by ice and snow but still seaworthy. Sindbad quickly uncovered it and seizing the oars began to row to the north. Before too long he was picked up by another ship and returned to Baghdad, covered in glory and rich once again.
