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1、UNIT 3 LANGUAGE IN USETranslate the phrases1)将来将来 _2)结果结果 _3）山地自行车运动）山地自行车运动 _4）出版）出版 _5）例如）例如 _ in the future as a resultmountain biking come out such as6) 试图做某事试图做某事_7) 整理整理 _8) 同同.一样一样_9) 空闲时间空闲时间 _10) 照顾照顾 _ try to do sth. tidy upas well as free timelook after1. 组成句子的成分叫句子成分。组成句子的成分叫句子成分。2. 在句子中
2、，词与词之间有一定的组合关系在句子中，词与词之间有一定的组合关系, 按按照不同的关系，可以把句子分为不同的组成照不同的关系，可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。成分。3. 句子成分由词或词组充当。句子成分由词或词组充当。 4. 英语的基本成分有六种：主语英语的基本成分有六种：主语(subject)、谓语、谓语(predicate)、表语、表语(predicative)、宾语、宾语(object)、定语定语(attribute)和状语和状语(adverbial)。句子成分句子成分 主语主语 1. 主语是一个句子的主题，也是句子的主主语是一个句子的主题，也是句子的主体体, 表示句子主要说明的人或事物。表
3、示句子主要说明的人或事物。 2. 它的位置一般在句首。它的位置一般在句首。 3.一般由名词、代词或相当于名词或代一般由名词、代词或相当于名词或代词的词、短语或句子等充当。词的词、短语或句子等充当。 The meeting will begin at 9:00.(名词名词) We study in No. 1 Middle School.(代词代词) Smoking is bad for you.(动名词动名词)谓语谓语 1. 谓语是说明主语的动作或状态。一般谓语是说明主语的动作或状态。一般放在主语之后。放在主语之后。 2. 谓语一般是由动词或连系动词谓语一般是由动词或连系动词+表语表语担当。担
4、当。 3. 谓语必须和主语在谓语必须和主语在“人称人称”和和“数数”上保持一致。上保持一致。 We work hard.(动词）动词） Mike likes his new book. His parents are teachers.(连系动词连系动词+表表语语) She is reading.表语表语 1. 表语是表述主语的特征、状态或身份表语是表述主语的特征、状态或身份等。等。 2. 表语位于连系动词之后，二者构成系表语位于连系动词之后，二者构成系表结构，即合成谓语表结构，即合成谓语 3. 表语由名词、形容词或相当于名词或表语由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词、短语或句子等充当。形容
5、词的词、短语或句子等充当。Her brother is a driver.(名词名词) Are you ready?(形容词形容词) We were at home last night.(介词介词短语短语) This book is mine, not yours.(代词代词) The film is exciting.(现在分词现在分词)宾语宾语 1. 宾语表示动作、行为的对象。宾语表示动作、行为的对象。 2. 只有及物动词可带宾语，有些不及物只有及物动词可带宾语，有些不及物动词加上介词或副词也可带宾语。动词加上介词或副词也可带宾语。 3. 由名词、代词或相当于名词的词、短由名词、代词或相
6、当于名词的词、短语或句子担当。语或句子担当。 He often helps me. (代词代词) We study English at school. (名词名词) If you add 5 to 5, you get 10. (数词数词) Remember to buy some stamps. (动词不动词不定式定式) He likes making you laugh. (动名词动名词) He said, You are wrong.(句子句子) Do you understand what I mean? (从句从句)宾语补足语宾语补足语:位于宾语之后对宾语作出位于宾语之后对宾语作出
7、说明的成分。宾语与其补足语有逻辑上说明的成分。宾语与其补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系的主谓关系, 它们一起构成复合宾语。它们一起构成复合宾语。1. 名词名词/代词宾格代词宾格 + 名词：名词： The war made him a soldier. 2. 名词名词/代词宾格代词宾格 + 形容词：形容词： Please keep the room clean.3. 名词名词/代词宾格代词宾格 + 介词短语：介词短语： I often find him at work.4. 名词名词/代词宾格代词宾格 + 动词不定式：动词不定式： The teacher ask the students to clos
8、e the windows.5. 名词名词/代词宾格代词宾格 + 分词：分词： I saw a cat running across the road.状语状语 状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句, 说明方式、因果、条件、时间、地点、说明方式、因果、条件、时间、地点、让步、方向、程度、目的等。用作状语让步、方向、程度、目的等。用作状语的通常是副词。的通常是副词。1)副词副词 (短语短语) 作状语：作状语： The boy needs a pen very much. (程程 度状语度状语) The boy, now, needs a pen.(时间状语时间状语)2
9、) 介词短语作状语：介词短语作状语： In the classroom, the boy needs a pen. (地点状语地点状语) Before his mother, Tom is always a boy. (条件状语条件状语) On Sundays, there is no student in the classroom. (时间状语时间状语) 3) 不定式作状语不定式作状语: The boy needs a pen to do his homework.(目的状目的状语语)4) 名词作状语名词作状语: Come this way! (方方向状语向状语)定语定语 1. 定语是用来
10、修饰名词定语是用来修饰名词; 代词或句子的代词或句子的成分成分2. 定语有前置定语定语有前置定语, 后置定语后置定语3. 充当定语的词有：形容词充当定语的词有：形容词;名词名词;代词代词;数词数词;名词所有格名词所有格.方位副词方位副词;不定不定式式;动词的动词的-ing形式形式;过去分词过去分词;从句等从句等例如：例如：Tom is a handsome boy. (形容词作定形容词作定语语 )His name is Tom. (代词作定语代词作定语)The boy in blue is Tom. (介词短语作介词短语作定语定语) There is nothing to do today.
11、(不定式不定式作定语作定语)英语五种基本句型列式如下英语五种基本句型列式如下:基本句型一基本句型一: (主谓）主谓） 基本句型二基本句型二: (主系表主系表)基本句型三基本句型三: (主谓宾主谓宾) 基本句型四基本句型四: O (主谓间宾直宾主谓间宾直宾) 基本句型五基本句型五: (主谓宾宾补主谓宾宾补) Complete Sentence b with the same meaning as a.a) I saw him. He was playing the violin.b) I saw him playing the violin.1. a) When I hear that song
12、, I feel happy. b) That music always makes _2. a) He found a wallet. The wallet was lying on the road. b) He found _.me happy.a wallet lying on the road3. a) When my mother has too much housework, I often help her. b) I often help _ _.4) a) Parents often say: “Children should be polite.” b) Parents
13、often ask _ my mother do houseworkchildren to be polite.1. I bought my mother a new book for her birthday.2. She showed me her stamp collection.3. I often watch sport on TV.4. Im a writer.5. I read a lot.Activity 16. My father wanted me to be a musician.7. I heard her sing.8. There are lots of fans
14、in the museum.9. Im playing the piano. 1. We can do many interesting things in life.2. John gave his father a very old book.3. He reads in the evening.4. John likes making things.5. Last year, he made a bicycle for his brother.Activity 26. Johns mother isnt interested in his hobby.7. Johns room isnt
15、 clean.8. She feeds vegetables.9. Her hobbies can help her save money.1. Id like to learn another language, _ I want to travel around the world one day.2. The Harry Potter stories were very popular and _ more teenagers began to enjoy reading than ever before.because as a resultActivity 33. Jane is g
16、ood at singing _ dancing.4. At our school you can try lots of new activities, _ creative writing and playing the piano.5. We made a delicious cake this morning. Now we need to _ the kitchen.as well assuch as tidy up6. I asked my parents to buy me a dog. I would _ it. 7. Shall we _ some time _ playin
17、g table tennis on Saturday?8. I buy the magazines when they _each month. look afterspend income outActivity 7Listen and choose the best answer.1 Which hobby is the most popular with girls? a) playing chess b) singing and dancing c) playing football2 Which hobby is the most popular with boys? a) play
18、ing football b) playing computer games c) watching films3 Which hobby do boys and girls both enjoy? a) playing chess b) collecting things c) playing table tennis 4 Which hobby helps develop new skills? a) growing vegetables b) climbing c) collecting stamps 5 Which hobby helps other people? a) growin
19、g vegetables b) collecting stamps c) playing chessTapescriptGirl: We have some interesting results from our survey on teenage hobbies.Boy: Whats the most popular hobby?Girl: Well, boys and girls have different hobbies. The girls like singing and dancing, but the boys prefer playing football, and the
20、y like watching it, too.Boy: Oh, I see. Is there anything that boys and girls like doing?Girl: Yes, both girls and boys enjoy playing table tennis.Boy: Why do teenagers like their hobbies?Girl: They like to learn about new things, and to develop new skills. For example, collecting stamps, and playin
21、g chess develops thinking skills.Boy: I see. My hobby is growing vegetables. Is that a popular hobby?Girl: Yes, it is. This hobby helps the whole family.Lets read!Now if you want to make a survey about others hobbies, what questions do you want to ask? Discuss in groups and try to make a questionnai
22、re. See activity 7 in Page 3, activity 4 in page 5 and activity 4 in page 7 for ideas.Make a questionnaire! Choose the best one!_Questionnaire show!Work in groups of four. Ask questions about the experiences.Module taskTask 1.TopicQuestionAnswer 1 Answer 2SportHave you ever swum in the sea?BookCount
23、ryFoodTechnologyTransportYes.Write a short passage about one of your fantastic experiences. You may choose one topic from the above discussion, such as sport, book/film, food, technology, etc. You should tell us WHAT, WHERE, WHEN, HOW, WHY and HOW you do it. You may begin like this:Task 2.I have had a fantastic experience. This afternoon, when I was on my way home, I saw a blind man (盲人盲人) waiting at the bus stop. I
