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1、1.从句从句1.1.定语从句定语从句：关系词的选择、引导词前介词的选择、非限制性定语从句、特别搭配；2.2.状语从句状语从句：让步、条件、结果、方式、原因、目的、时间、地点；3.3.名词性从句名词性从句：主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句，以及同位语从句。定语从句考点一定语从句考点一: thata.先行词为all,anything,something,nothing,everything,little,none等不定代词时，b.先行词被形容词最高级及first,last,any,only,few,much,no,some,very等词修饰时，c.有两个或两个以上先行词既指人又指物时，d.在there
2、be句型中e.在先行词定语从句中充当表语成分关系代词只能用关系代词只能用that!that!PracticeIwasveryinterestedin_shetoldme.(2009)A.allthatB.allwhichC.allwhatD.thatThereisreallynoreason_wecouldntpassTEM4.A.WhyB.ForC.thatD.sinceAvictimisaperson,animalorthing_sufferspain,death,harm,etc.A.whoB.whichC.allofthemD.thatThisistheverypen_youarelo
3、okingfor.A.Which B.whatC.thatD.ofACDC定语从句考点二定语从句考点二: asa.与such,thesame,as(so)连用时，引导限定性定语从句的关系代词是as；Suchstudents_didntattendmyclasswouldfailinthefinalexam.b.引导非限定性定语从句时，as后的被动语态可省略be动词；which则不能省略。Footballandbaseball,_playedintheUnitedStatestoday,arebasicallymodificationsofgamesthatoriginatedinEngland
4、.定语从句考点三定语从句考点三: 类似定从的类似定从的whata.What作为关系代词既可指人，也可指物，本身即为先行词，在从句中可作主语，宾语等；_hasbeendonecannotbeundoneThiswasexactly_myteachertoldmetodo.b.“what+名词”相当于“allthe+名词+that”;IhavegivenyouwhathelpIcan.(allthehelpIcan.)Shemanagedtosave_shecouldoutofherwagestohelpherbrother.(2002)A.howlittlemoneyB.solittlemone
5、yC.suchlittlemoneyD.whatlittlemoneyD定语从句考点四定语从句考点四: 介词介词+关系代词关系代词a.where引导定语从句，相当于介词in/at+which;Haveyoueverbeeninasituation_youknowtheotherpersonisrightyetyoucannotagreewithhim?（2002）A.bywhichB.thatC.inwhereD.whereThiscompanyhasnowintroducedapolicy_payrisesarerelatedtoperformanceatwork.(1996)A.which
6、B.whereC.whetherD.what B/DB定语从句考点四定语从句考点四: 介词介词+关系代词关系代词b.介词+关系代词，该介词为先行名词的习惯搭配介词;Theparty,_Iwastheguestofhonor,wasextremelyenjoyable.（2006）A.bywhichB.forwhichC.towhichD.atwhichDc.介词+关系代词，该介词为从句里动词或者形容词词组里的习惯搭配介词；（注意引导词选用）Thisisthering_shespent$1,000.Theauthor_weallarequitefamiliarwillvisitourcompan
7、ynextweek.onwhichwithwhom定语从句考点四定语从句考点四: 介词介词+关系代词关系代词定语从句考点四定语从句考点四: 介词介词+关系代词关系代词d.of+which表示“的”,表示“某物的”，如果用whose,则既可指“某人的”，也可指“某物的”。Abovethetreesarethehills,_magnificencetheriverfaithfullyreflectsonthesurface.(2003)A.whereB.ofwhoseC.whoseD.whichC定语从句考点五定语从句考点五:关系词语法功能关系词语法功能作主语：人who,物which,人或物tha
8、t（限定）作宾语：人whom,物which,人或物that（限定）作定语：人或物whose,物ofwhich作表语：人或物that,可省略关系代词关系代词关系副词关系副词作时间状语：when=at/in/on/duringwhich,先行词为表示时间的名词；作地点状语：where=in/atwhich,先行词为表示时间的名词；作原因状语：why=forwhich,先行词为reason；PracticeIveneverbeentoLhasa,butthatsthecity_.(1999)A.IdmostliketovisitB.whereIliketovisitC.whichIliketovis
9、itmostly D.IdlikemuchtovisitHeisquitewornoutfromyearsofhardwork.Heisnottheman_hewastwentyyearsago.（2003）A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whomFirmsthatusecomputershavefoundthatthenumberofstaff_isneededforqualitycontrolcanbesubstantiallyreduced.(2000)A.whoseB.asC.whatD.thatABD定语从句考点六定语从句考点六:非限定性从句非限定性从句非限定性从句的关系词为
10、which,who,whom,as,介词+which(不能用that)Theyovercameallthedifficultiesandcompletedtheprojecttwomonthsaheadoftime,_issomethingwehadnotexpected.（2003）A.whichB.itC.thatD.whatWevejustinstalledtwoair-conditionersinoutapartment,_shouldmakegreatdifferencesinourlifenextsummer.（2002）A.whichB.whatC.thatD.theyAA定语从
11、句考点七定语从句考点七:butBut引导限制性定语从句，先行词可是人也可是物，表示“that/who/whichnot”Thereareveryfew_admirehistalents.Notadaywentby_broughtusbadnewsatthatdifficulttime.=Notadaywentbywhichdidnotbringusbadnewsatthatdifficulttime.状语从句考点状语从句考点1：让步：让步a.主要引导词:Though/although虽然(主句不能加but，但可加yet，still,或nevertheless）Evenif/though即使No
12、matter+疑问词无论（修饰形容词，副词紧跟）疑问词+ever无论（修饰形容词，副词紧跟）Inspiteofthefactthat尽管（that不可省略）Muchas不管，尽管Forall(that)尽管（that可省略）While尽管，虽然（隐含并列转折）Granted/grantingthat虽然，尽管分析题干逻辑关系！分析题干逻辑关系！Practice_,Mr.Wellsisscarcelyinsympathywiththeworkingclass.（2005）A.AlthoughheisasocialistB.EvenifheisasocialistC.Beingasocialist
13、D.Sinceheisasocialist_Ilikeeconomics,Ilikesociologymuchbetter.(2003)A.AsmuchasB.SomuchC.HowmuchD.MuchasADPractice_Isympathize,Icantreallydoverymuchtohelpthemoutofthedifficulties.(2001)AslongasB.AsC.WhileD.Even_thebosssays,itisunreasonabletoaskmetoworkovertimewithoutpay.(2009)WhateverB.WheneverC.Whic
14、heverD.However_dullhemaybe,heiscertainlyaverysuccessfultopexecutive.（2006）A.AlthoughB.whateverC.AsD.HoweverCAD状语从句考点状语从句考点1：让步：让步b.as/though引导的让步从句如果有强调部分，将强调部分置于句首。Childas/thoughhewas,hecouldhelphismother.注意：注意：a.句首名词不能带任何冠词。b.句首是实义动词，其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，随实义动词一起放在主语之前。PracticeFool_jerryis,hecou
15、ldnothavedonesuchathing.(2010)A.whoB.asC.likeD.that_hewill,heneverseemsabletodotheworksatisfactorily.A.TryhardasB.HardtryasC.TryashardD.AstryhardBA状语从句考点状语从句考点2：条件：条件a.主要引导词:if如果unless除非as/solongas只要incase万一providing/provided(that)假如supposing/suppose/assuming(that)假如onconditionthat条件是onlyif只要，只有give
16、n(that)如果intheeventthat如果，在情况下say假如PracticeHeaskedmetolendhimsomemoney,whichIagreedtodo,_thathepaidmebackthefollowingweek.(2005) A.onoccasionB.onpurpose C.onconditionD.onlyifThisisanillnessthatcanresultintotalblindness_leftuntreated.A.afterB.ifC.sinceD.unlessCB从句与主句主语同指才能省略。从句与主句主语同指才能省略。状语从句考点状语从句考
17、点2：条件：条件b.若将条件从句的连词if省略，应用倒装句型，即将从句中的谓语动词were,should,had等提到句首。（强调虚拟语气）_bothsidesaccepttheagreement_alastingpeacebeestablishedinthisregion.(2004)A.Onlyif,willB.Ifonly,would C.Should,willD.Unless,wouldC状语从句考点状语从句考点3：结果：结果a.引导词Sothat如此以至于Suchthat如此以至于Withtheresultthat结果是Somuchsothat如此以至于Tothedegree/ext
18、entthat以至于,到的地步Tosuchadegreethat状语从句考点状语从句考点3：结果：结果b.当sothat结构中的so置于句首表示强调时，句子要用倒装语序。_inthenovelthathedidntrealizeitwas8oclockalready.A.SohewasabsorbedB.SowasheabsorbedC.SoabsorbedhewasD.SowasabsorbedheC状语从句考点状语从句考点3：结果：结果c.sothat和suchthat区别Inthearea,AIDSis_diseasethattheverymentionofitstrikesterror
19、intothepopulation.A.asodreadfulB.sodreadfulaC.suchdreadfulD.asuchdreadfulB状语从句考点状语从句考点4：时间：时间a.引导词当时候：when,while,as,justas,nexttime,thelasttime,eachtime,everytime,whenever时间先后：before,after一就：assoonas,once,hardlywhen/before,scarcelywhen/before,nosoonerthan,directly,immediately,instantly,themoment/sec
20、ond/minuteBythetime到时候；itisthefirst；notuntil直到才；till直到时候，since自从，eversince自从PracticeThecouplehadnosoonergottothestation_thecoachleft.(2009)A.whenB.asC.untilD.thanD状语从句考点状语从句考点4：时间：时间b.While和when区别:while“在的时候”，when时间段/点c.以下引导词主句需要用完成时态：bythetime,itisthefirsttime,hardly/scarcelywhen/before,nosoonertha
21、n,since,eversince.BythetimeIgothome,they_(leave)fortheairport.d.否定词置于句首时注意倒装。Nosooner_thanitbegantorain.A.IhadreachedB.hadIreachedC.didIreachD.Ireachedhad leftB状语从句考点状语从句考点5：原因：原因a.引导词because（前可有副词修饰，例如chiefly,和simply）since,as，forinthat在于,nowthat既然,seeing(that),considering(that)鉴于inas/somuchas因为Notb
22、ecause,butbecause不是因为，而是因为b.because,since,as,for区别：它们的语气依次渐弱。当because从句放在句末且前面有逗号时，可用for，但如果不是直接说明原因而是根据情况加以判断或推断时，只能用for，而不能用because.1)Itmusthaverainedyesterday,_thegroundiswet.2)Hedidntgotoschoolyesterday,_hewasill.1)for2)for/becausePractice1.BarryhadanadvantageoverofbeingborninUSA_hecouldspeakEng
23、lish.（2001）A.sincethatB.inthatC.atthatD.sothat2.Mendifferfromanimals_theycanthinkandspeak.A.forwhichB.forthat（2008）C.inthatD.inwhich状语从句考点状语从句考点6：其它：其它a.方式引导词As像，正如；(just)asso正如，也；Asif好像Asthough好像；Theway以的方式b.目的引导词sothat,inorderthat,lest,forfearthat（should,would情态）a.地点引导词b.Where,wherever,anywhere,ev
24、erywherePracticeShedidherwork_hermanagerhadinstructed.（2002）A.asB.untilC.whenD.though_heshowedusaround,wesawgreenlawnsandbeautifulflowerbeds.A.WhenB.everywhereC.whereD.whatReadinagoodlight_it(should)hurtyoureyes.A.SothatB.nowthatC.lestD.leastABC名词性从句考点名词性从句考点1：从句连接词选择：从句连接词选择连接词：that,whether,if（只起连接
25、作用，不作句子成分）关系代词：who,whom,whose,what,which,whatever,whichever,whoever（既起连接作用，又担任主语，宾语，定语，表语等成分）关系副词：when,where,how,who(既起连接作用，又作状语)PracticeThegovernmenthaspromisedtodo_liesinitspowertoeasethehardshipsofthevictimsintheflood-strikenarea.(2004)A.howeverB.whicheverC.whateverD.whereverThereisnodoubt_thecom
26、panyhasmadetherightdecisiononthesalesproject.A.whyB.thatC.whetherD.whenAfter_seemedanendlesswait,itwasherturntoenterthepersonnelmanagersoffice.A.thatB.thereC.whatD.itTheteamcanhandlewhatever_.A.thatneedshandlingB.whichneedshandlingB.ItneedshandlingD.needstobehandledCBCD名词性从句考点名词性从句考点2：be+情感形容词情感形容词+
27、从句从句这类带如afraid,sorry,sure,glad,disappointed,delighted,glad等表示感情词的句子若为肯定句，一般由that引导。Iamsurprised_thiscityisadullplacetolivein.(2006)A.thatyoushouldthinkB.bywhatyouarethinkingC.thatyouwouldthinkD.withwhatyouwerethinkingA名词性从句考点名词性从句考点3：but/except/save + that这三个词后接that引导的宾语从句，可看作固定搭配。Weknownothingabout
28、her_hersurnameisJones.A.thatB.butC.saveD.savethatD名词性从句考点名词性从句考点4：whether, if区别区别a.whether可以引导所有名词性从句,引导主语从句时可放句首；if只引导宾语从句和主语从句，且引导主语从句时不置于句首，而用it形式主语。Whetherhecomesornotmakesnodifference.Thequestionwhetherheshouldjointheteamhasnotbeendecidedupon.Itisunknownsofarwhether/ifhewillcome.(=Whetherhewill
29、comeisunknown.)b.whether从句可用作介词宾语；if不可以IhaventsettledthequestionofwhetherIwilllendhimthemoney.c.whether后可接不定式，if不行Ihaventdecidedwhethertogotherenot.名词性从句考点名词性从句考点5：虚拟：虚拟a.在表示命令，请求，建议，希望等意义的动词后接的宾语/表语/同位语从句，用should+动词原形的虚拟形式，should常省略。order,command,demand,instruct,ask,request,require,suggest,advise,propose,recommend,desire,insistMyrecommendationisthatPeter_chairmanofcommittee.be
