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1、 Language pointsbroad; board; border; abroadIt is difficult to define the border between love and friendship.She worked abroad for a year.Passengers are waiting to board.Flight BA195 for Paris is now boarding at Gate 33.Nothing but water can be seen on the broad ocean.宽阔的， 上（飞机，船，火车等） 边缘， 国外多媒体多媒体_多
2、种形式的多种形式的_多彩的多彩的_多民族的，多国的多民族的，多国的_1.havingmanyculturesmulticulturalmulti-是一个前缀，意为是一个前缀，意为“多多”multimulticolouredcolouredmultimultiformformmultimultinationalnationalmultimultimediamedia3.usuallyshortjourney,esp.forpleasure3.usuallyshortjourney,esp.forpleasuretriptripgo/beonatriptogo/beonatriptomakeatr
3、iptomakeatriptotakeatriptotakeatripto海海滨之行之行_前往巴黎的蜜月之旅前往巴黎的蜜月之旅 _他出差在外。他出差在外。Heis_.Heis_.atriptotheseasideatriptotheseaside ahoneymoontriptoParisahoneymoontriptoParisonabusinesstriponabusinesstriptourtriptraveljourney指长距离旅行或国外旅行（可数指长距离旅行或国外旅行（可数或不可数）或不可数）常指观光，考察等的环球旅行常指观光，考察等的环球旅行指短距离的旅行，远足指短距离的旅行，远
4、足指远距离的陆地旅行（可数名指远距离的陆地旅行（可数名词）词）IdlikesomewaterIdlikesomewaterratherthanratherthanacoke.acoke.HewasbusywritingaletterHewasbusywritingaletterratherthanratherthanreadinganewspaper.readinganewspaper.WedbetterstruggleforthefutureWedbetterstruggleforthefutureratherratherthanthanregretforthepast.regretfort
5、hepast.4.4.RatherthanRatherthantaketheaeroplanealltheway,taketheaeroplanealltheway,theydecidedtotheydecidedtoprefertodo.ratherthandowouldratherdothandowoulddoratherthando宁愿宁愿也不也不；Hewouldratheraskquestionsthanthinkbyhimself.Iwouldthankyou_thatyoushouldthankme.A.becauseB.ratherthanC.forD.asBYourathert
6、hanIamgoingcampingare4. rather than (prep.): in preference to (sb/sth); instead of 与其（某人/某物）,也不;而不是CanadaCanadaratherthanratherthanotherothercountries_(be)theplaceIcountries_(be)theplaceIwanttostudyin.wanttostudyin.is is强调强调ratherthan前面的人或事物前面的人或事物pare:through,across,crosscompare:through,across,cros
7、sthrough:through: 指指从从空空间的的一一头到到另另一一头的的“ “穿穿过” ”， ，含含义与与in in有关；（介有关；（介词） ）across:across:指指从从一一条条线或或一一个个物物体体的的表表面面的的一一边到到另另一一边的的“ “横横过” ”、 、“ “跨跨过” ”， ，含含义与与onon有有关关。 。（介（介词） ）cross:cross: 表表“ “横横过” ”、 、“ “穿穿过” ”时， ，作作动词； ；另另外外， ，它它还可作名可作名词、形容、形容词。 。Fillintheblanks:1)Dontrunthehighway.Itsverydangero
8、us.2)Ittookusalongtimetowalktheforest.3)Ihelpedtheblindmanthebusystreet.4)Jesusdiedonthe.5)Hetheroomtogreetus.6)TheRedhelpsthepeoplewhoareintrouble.acrossthroughcrosscrosscrossedCross6.Averylargeareaofland,suchasAfricaorAsiacontinent7.totheeasteastward向东的（形容词）向东的（形容词）向东（副词）向东（副词）向前向前 _ 向后向后 _向上向上 _
9、向下向下 _向南向南 _ 向北向北 _ -ward-ward后后缀，表示方向，可用做形容，表示方向，可用做形容词和和副副词，作副，作副词时等于等于-wards-wardsupward(s)downward(s)Thespringwaterflowseastward(s).Thespringwaterflowseastward(s).一江春水向一江春水向东流流forward(s)backward(s)northward(s)southward(s)8.tobeallaroundsomeoneorsomething8.tobeallaroundsomeoneorsomethingsurrounds
10、urroundbesurroundedby/withsth(被被围绕围绕)雁荡山雁荡山Yandangisatown_(surround)Yandangisatown_(surround)byYandangmountain.byYandangmountain.(whichis)surrounded(whichis)surroundedsurrounded6.surroundvt.包围包围,围绕围绕;圈住圈住(1)警察包围了这幢房子。警察包围了这幢房子。Thepolicesurroundedthehouse.Thehousewassurroundedbythepolice.(2)surroundi
11、ng the islands现在分词短语做定语。现在分词短语做定语。 surroundings n. 周围环境周围环境 to live in pleasant surroundingsThe oceans and seas surrounding the island are deep blue and many of its cities lie on the bay.Wecouldseethebuildings_bytrees.A.beingsurroundedB.surroundedC.tobesurroundedD.surroundBThe oceans and seas surrou
12、nding the island are deep blue and many of its cities lie on the bay.A.SheA.Shesettleddownsettleddowninanarmchairtoreadherbook.inanarmchairtoreadherbook.B.WhenareyougoingtomarryandB.Whenareyougoingtomarryandsettledownsettledown? ?C.WaituntilthechildrenC.Waituntilthechildrensettledownsettledownbefore
13、youbeforeyoustarttheclass.Itistoonoisy.starttheclass.Itistoonoisy.D.HesoonD.Hesoonsettleddownsettleddowntotohisownwork.hisownwork.安稳地坐下或躺下安稳地坐下或躺下定居下来定居下来安静下来安静下来9.Thatafternooninthetrainthecousins9.Thatafternooninthetrainthecousinssettledsettleddowndownintheirseats.intheirseats.Whichonehasthesameme
14、aning?Whichonehasthesamemeaning?解析：解析：settle down to “安下心来，专心致志于安下心来，专心致志于”，在此短，在此短语中，语中，to 是介词。是介词。HowcanIfallasleep,ifIcantHowcanIfallasleep,ifIcant_yoursmile._yoursmile.看不到你的笑看不到你的笑,我怎么睡得着我怎么睡得着.catchsightofcatchsightof -周杰伦周杰伦10.haveanaturalabilityfor10.haveanaturalabilityforhaveagiftforAvril ha
15、s a gift for singing and writing songs.Vince Carter is a gifted Canadian basketball player.You are extremely gifted!Avril has a gift for singing and writing songs.AvrilAvrilisgiftedinisgiftedinsingingandwritingsongs.singingandwritingsongs.gifted不要走的太远，免得家人呼叫不到。不要走的太远，免得家人呼叫不到。不要走的太远，免得家人呼叫不到。不要走的太远，
16、免得家人呼叫不到。StayStaywithinwithinhearingdistanceofthehouse.hearingdistanceofthehouse.MedicineshouldnotbeleftMedicineshouldnotbeleftwithinwithinreachofsmallchildren.reachofsmallchildren.药品不可以放在小孩子伸手可及的范围内。药品不可以放在小孩子伸手可及的范围内。药品不可以放在小孩子伸手可及的范围内。药品不可以放在小孩子伸手可及的范围内。TheyfinallycameTheyfinallycamewithinwithins
17、ightoftheshore.sightoftheshore.他们终于来到看得见海岸的地方他们终于来到看得见海岸的地方他们终于来到看得见海岸的地方他们终于来到看得见海岸的地方ItwasntItwasntwithinwithinmypowertohelpher.mypowertohelpher.帮助她并非我力所能及的事。帮助她并非我力所能及的事。帮助她并非我力所能及的事。帮助她并非我力所能及的事。5. within “在在 之内之内”11.They11.Theywentthroughwentthroughawheat-growingawheat-growingprovinceandsawprov
18、inceandsawHeHewentthroughwentthroughaverydifficulttime.averydifficulttime.DickDickwentthroughwentthrough hispocketshispocketslookingforthekeys.lookingforthekeys.穿过，通过穿过，通过经历，遭受经历，遭受仔细察看仔细察看12.managetodo阅读下列句子，注意阅读下列句子，注意managetodo的意思的意思和用法。和用法。1).Althoughhehasntreceivedanyformaleducation,MrWangmanag
19、edtofinishhistask.2).Weshouldmanagetorealizeourdream.归纳总结归纳总结managetodosth.(=succeedindoingsth.)是是“设法做、设法完成某事设法做、设法完成某事”的意思。的意思。辨析辨析managetodo与与trytodo用用manage时，时，成功的把握大些；用成功的把握大些；用try时，成功的把时，成功的把握不大。即：握不大。即：managetodosth.的意思的意思是是“设法成功地完成设法成功地完成”，而，而trytodosth.的意思是的意思是“尽力做尽力做（但结果（但结果不一定成功）不一定成功）”。如：
20、如：Heworkedhardandmanagedtopasstheexam.他努力学习并顺利通过了考试。他努力学习并顺利通过了考试。Hetriedtopasstheexam,butfailedbecauseoflaziness.他试图想通过考试，但是由于懒惰而最他试图想通过考试，但是由于懒惰而最终失败了。终失败了。 Phrase Phrase P341.1.在旅行在旅行2.2.是是而不是而不是, ,与其与其不如不如3.3. 全程全程, ,一直地一直地4.4.因因而出名而出名5.5.被被环绕环绕6.6.定居定居; ;安下心来做某事安下心来做某事7.7.7 7有有的天赋的天赋8.8.8 8看见看见
21、, ,瞥见瞥见9.9.9.9.设法做成设法做成onatriptoratherthanallthewaybefamousforbesurroundedbysettledown(to)haveagiftforcatchsightofmanagetodo1. 1.TheThethoughtthoughtthattheywouldcrossthewholethattheywouldcrossthewholecontinentwasexciting.continentwasexciting.2. 2.SomepeoplehavetheSomepeoplehavetheideaideathatyoucan
22、crossthatyoucancrossCanadainlessthanfivedays.Canadainlessthanfivedays.3. 3.TheyforgettheTheyforgetthefactfactthatCanadais5.500thatCanadais5.500kilometreskilometresfromcoasttocoast.fromcoasttocoast.4. 4.ThegirlsweresurprisedattheThegirlsweresurprisedatthefactfactthatoceanthatoceanshipscansailuptheGre
23、atLakes.shipscansailuptheGreatLakes. 同位语从句同位语从句 定义定义:同位语从句对名词进一步解释，说明同位语从句对名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容。名词的具体内容。用法用法:常跟的常跟的抽象名词抽象名词有有:fact/idea/reason/thought/order/decision/doubt/news/hope/truth/belief连词连词that/whether不充当成份不充当成份who/which/what主语与宾语主语与宾语when/where/why/how状语状语(1)Weallknowthetruth(1)Weallknowthetr
24、uththattheearththattheearthgoesroundthesun.goesroundthesun.(2)Theyaskedmethequestion(2)Theyaskedmethequestionwhetherwhethertheworkwasworthdoing.theworkwasworthdoing.(3)Ihavenoidea(3)Ihavenoideawherehelives.wherehelives.试比比较： ：(1)Heputforwardthesuggestion(1)Heputforwardthesuggestionthatthatthesecondq
25、uestionshouldbethesecondquestionshouldbediscussedfirst.discussedfirst.(2)Thesuggestion(2)Thesuggestionthathehadputthathehadputforwardforwardwasturndown.wasturndown.（同位（同位语从句）从句）（定（定语从句）从句）同位语从句与定语从句的区别同位语从句与定语从句的区别:(1)定定语语从从句句中中的的that既既代代替替先先行行词词，同同时时以以在在从从句句中中作作某某个个成成分分（主主语语或或宾宾语语），而而同同位位语语从从句句中中的的
26、that是是连连词词，只只起起连连接接主主句句与与从句的作用，从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。不充当句中任何成分。(2)定定语语从从句句是是形形容容词词性性的的，其其功功能能是是修修饰饰先先行行词词，对对先先行行词词加加以以限限定定，描描述述它它的的性性质质或或特特征征；同同位位语语从从句句是是名名词词性性的的，其其功功能能是是对名词进行具体内容的补充说明对名词进行具体内容的补充说明。1)ThenewsthathetoldmeisthatTomwouldgoabroadnextyear.Tell the differencethat引导的从句是定语从句，引导的从句是定语从句，that在从句中作
27、宾语在从句中作宾语.同位语从句，同位语从句，that在句中不作任何成分在句中不作任何成分.2)ThenewsthatTomwouldgoabroadistoldbyhim. 名词性从句名词性从句名词性从句包括名词性从句包括主语从句、表语主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句从句、宾语从句和和同位语从句同位语从句。它的功能相当于名词它的功能相当于名词. .指出带下划线的从句属于名词性从句中的哪指出带下划线的从句属于名词性从句中的哪一种一种。1.Whathewantsisabook.2.Itissonicethatwecanlearnthisgrammarpointtogether.3.Iwonderwhe
28、therIcanmakefriendswithyou.4.Thisiswhyhedidit.5.Doyouagreetothesuggestionthatwe(should)haveatripinTibet?主语从句主语从句主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：1.Canyoutellmehowmanystudentsarethereinyourclass?2.Idontknowwherehashegone.3.Theowneroftheshopcametoseewhatthematterwa
29、s.Canyoutellmehowmanystudentsthereareinyourclass?Idontknowwherehehasgone.Theowneroftheshopcametoseewhatwasthematter.规律一：名词从句中须使用陈述语序！规律一：名词从句中须使用陈述语序！找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：4.Wesuggestedthatwewouldgotothecinema.5.Itstimethatwehaveabreak.6.Hisproposalthatwewentthereonfootisacceptable.Wes
30、uggestedthatwe(should)gotothecinema.Itstimewehadabreak.Hisproposalthatwe(should)gothereonfoot.规律二：注意虚拟语气的使用！规律二：注意虚拟语气的使用！找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：7.Ifwewillhaveameetinghasntbeendecidedyet.8.Itdependsoniftheweatherissuitableforustodoit.9.Thequestionisifhehimselfwillbepresentatthemeeting.1
31、0.HeaskedmeifIcouldgowithhimornot.Whetherwewillhaveameetinghasntbeendecidedyet.Itdependsonwhethertheweatheris.Thequestioniswhetherhehimselfwillbepresent.HeaskedmewhetherIcouldgowithhimornot. 规律三：规律三：4 4种情况只能用种情况只能用whether whether ： （1 1）与）与or notor not连用；连用； （2 2）前面有介词；）前面有介词； （3 3）引导表语从句；）引导表语从句； （
32、4 4）位于句子开头。）位于句子开头。找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：1.Ithinkthatworthwhilethatwespentsomuchmoneyonthesebooks.2.2.Thatishardtodecidewhenandwherewewillheldoursportsmeeting.3.Everybodyconsidersitimpossiblewhichhewantstofinishthejobinsuchashorttime.4.Itdoesntmatterthatyouwillcomeornot.ititthatwhether
33、规律四：主语从句和宾语从句在适当的情况规律四：主语从句和宾语从句在适当的情况 下可以借助下可以借助 “it” “it” 而后置。而后置。名词从句与定语从句的主要区别1.成分上的区别：2. 名词从句和定语从句分别在句中充当什么3. 样的成分？1.Howtheprisonerescapedremainsamystery.2.Iwonderwhether/ifheisfitforthejob.3.Theproblemiswhowillbeequaltothetask.4.Hehadnoideawhetherwecouldovercomethepresentdifficultiesornot.主语主语
34、宾语宾语表语表语同位语同位语5.Ivisitedthecountrywhich/thathadbeenbombedbytheUS-ledNATO(美国为首的北约美国为首的北约)amonthbefore6.IshallneverforgettheyearswhenIlivedinthecountrysidewiththefarmers,whichhasagreateffectonmylife.7.IntheofficeIneverseemtohavetimeuntilafter5:30pm.,bywhichtimemanypeoplehavegonehome.8.Ihadneverseensuc
35、hagoodfilmasIwatchedlastnight.结论一：结论一： 名词从句充当句子的主要成分；名词从句充当句子的主要成分； 定于从句充当句子的修饰成分。定于从句充当句子的修饰成分。2.引导词含义上的区别：引导词含义上的区别：引导词是否指向句中的某个成分？引导词是否指向句中的某个成分？1.Thathecamebackmadeusveryhappy.2.Imsorry(that)Ivemadeamistake.3.Hemadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery,whichIthinkisofgreatimportancetoscience.4.Asweallknow,C
36、hinaisadevelopingcountry.结论二：结论二：定语从句的引导词在语义上定语从句的引导词在语义上具有指代先行词的作用。具有指代先行词的作用。名词从句的引导词不具备此功能。名词从句的引导词不具备此功能。3.关于关于that:that在名词从句和定语从句中各起什么作用？在名词从句和定语从句中各起什么作用？1.Hepretended(that)hedidntseeme.2.Thatshelosthernecklaceonthewayhome3.madehersoworried.3.Theschoolthatmysisterstudiesatisfarfromhere.4.Thefi
37、rstrequestthathemadewastoaskforfreedom.问题：问题：that作何成分？作何成分？(which)结论三：结论三：名词从句中的名词从句中的 that that 只起引导词的作用，只起引导词的作用，无任何意义。无任何意义。定语从句中的定语从句中的that that 在从句中充当主语或宾语，在从句中充当主语或宾语，有时可以与有时可以与 which which 互换。互换。4.引导词的不同：引导词的不同：不会出现在名词从句中的关系词：不会出现在名词从句中的关系词：不会出现在定语从句中的关系词：不会出现在定语从句中的关系词：as,且且when,where等不能与等不能
38、与in/on/atwhich互换。互换。whether,if,what,how5、名词从句与定语从句的一些对应关系：、名词从句与定语从句的一些对应关系：1.Hehasdonewhathecantohelpme.-Hehasdone_hecantohelpme.2.WhatIwanttosayhasnothingtodowithit.3.-_Iwanttosayhasnothingtodo4.withit.allthatAllthat3.Whoeverbreaksthelawistobepunished._breaksthelawistobepunished.5.Wellrememberwhom
39、everweturnedtoforhelp.Wellremember_weturnedtoforhelp.6.Theywilldowhateverhewantsthemtodo.Theywilldo_hewantsthemtodo.Anyonewhoanyone(whom)anythingthat6、其余问题：、其余问题：1.误：误：Idontknowifhecomesbackthismonth.2.误：误：IhavenoideawhathadhappenedwhenIwasaway.正：正：Idontknowifhewillcomebackthismonth.正：正：Ihavenoideaw
40、hathappenedwhenIwasaway.3.误：误：Thereasonisbecauseheisill.4.误：误：Wholeaveslastturnsoffthelight.正：正：Thereasonisthatheisill.正：正：Whoeverleaveslastturnsoffthelight.名词性从句试题集锦名词性从句试题集锦名词性从句试题集锦名词性从句试题集锦1.Iaskher_comewithme.A.ifshewill B.ifwillsheC.whetherwillsheD.willshe2._hesaidistrue.A.WhatB.ThatC.WhichD.W
41、hether3.Canyoutellme_?A.whoisthatgentlemanB.thatgentlemaniswhoC.whothatgentlemanisD.whomisthatgentleman4.Hedidntknowwhichroom_.A.theylivedB.theylivedinC.didtheyliveD.didtheylivein5.Togetthejobstarted,_Ineedissomemoney.A.onlywhatB.allwhatC.allthatD.onlythat6.Ihavenoidea_fartherailwaystationisfromhere
42、.A.whatB.howC.itsD.that7.Canyoutellme_therailwaystation?A.howIcangettoB.whatcanIgettoC.whereIcangottoD.wherecanIgetto8.Doyouknow_?A.whatishisnameB.howishisnameC.whathisnameisD.howhisnameis9._youhavedonemightdoharmtootherpeople.A.ThatB.WhatC.WhichD.This10.Theyhavenoideaatall_.A.wherehehasgoneB.whered
43、idhegoC.whichplacehashegone D.wherehashegone11.Theywanttoknow_dotohelpus.A.whatcantheyB.whattheycanC.howtheycanD.howcanthey12.Thesephotographswillshowyou_.A.whatourvillagelookslikeB.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeC.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike13.Canyoumakesure_thegoldring?A.whereAlic
44、ehadputB.wherehadAliceputC.whereAlicehasputD.wherehasAliceput14.Noonecanbesure_inamillionyears.A.whatmanwilllooklikeB.whatwillmanlooklikeC.manwilllooklikeD.whatlookmanlike15._the2008OlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijingisnotknownyet.A.WheneverB.IfC.Whether D.That16.Goandgetyourcoat.Its_youleftit.A.thereB.
45、whereC.therewhereD.wherethere17.Itworriedherabit_herhairwasturninggray.A.whileB.thatC.ifD.for18._hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.A.WhatB.ThatC.ThefactD.Thematter19.Doyouremember_hecame?Yes,Ido.Hecamebycar.A.howB.whenC.thatD.if20._wecantgetseemsbetterthan_wehave.A.What;whatB.What;thatC.T
46、hat;thatD.That;what21._wellgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where22.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_heorshewants.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever23.IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.Isthat_youhadafewdaysoff?A.whyB.whenC.whatD.where24.Thesewildflowersareso
47、specialthatIwoulddo_Icantosavethem.A.whatever B.thatC.whichD.whichever25._youdontlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whether26.You cant imagine _ when they received these niceChristmaspresents.A.howtheywereexcitedB.howexcitedtheywereC.howexcitedweretheyD.theywerehowexcited27._causedtheaccid
48、entisstillacompletemystery.A.WhatB.ThatC.HowD.Where28.Ihadneitheraraincoatnoranumbrella._Igotwetthrough.A.ItsthereasonB.ThatswhyC.ThereswhyD.Itshow29.Itwasamatterof_wouldtaketheposition.A.whoB.whoeverC.whomD.whomever30._hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.A.WhoB.TheoneC.AnyoneD.Whoever31.I
49、twas_hesaid_disappointedme.A.what;thatB.that;thatC.what;whatD.that;what32.Eat _ cake you like and leave the others for _comesinlate.A.any;whoB.every;whoeverC.whichever;whoeverD.either;whoever1.Iloveyounotbecauseofwhoyouare,2.butbecauseofwhoIamwhenIamwithyou.3.2.Youarenotwhatyouusedtobe.4.3.Youarenotthechildrenwhoyouusedtobe.5.4.Thereisnodoubtthatourschoolisagarden.6.5.Youhavebrokenthepromisethatyouwontlie.7.6.Whatyoulostwillnevercomebacktoyou.8.7.Whentheearthwilldisappearisstillunknown.9.8.EverytimeIseeyou,IfeelImoldalready.10.9.ThepointthatImtryingtomakeisthatwemust11.takeactionsrightnow.
