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1、表示时间、地点、原因、目的We sleep at night at home.必须符合“从句的三个必须”必须是句子；必须有连接词；必须是陈述句 用一个句子充当状语成分，那个句子就是状语从句。定义状语从句状语从句同副词，介词词组等作状语一样，用于修饰谓语修饰谓语，说明谓语动作的时间，地点，方式，条件，程度，比较，原因，目的，结果等。1.Igetupat6:00.2.Itisdark.3.Igetupwhenitisdark.八八种种时时态态一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时现在进行时现在进行时过去进行时过去进行时一般将来时一般将来时过去将来时过去将来时现在完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成
2、时陈述句中没有助动词的陈述句中没有助动词的一般现在时一般现在时主主+be+主主+v(复复)/vs(单单)一般过去时一般过去时主主+was/were/+主主+过去式过去式+陈述句中有助动词的陈述句中有助动词的一般将来时一般将来时主主+will(1)+v原原(2)主主+begoingto(1)+v原原(2)过去将来时过去将来时主主+would(1)+v原原(2)主主+was/weregoingto(1)+v原原(2)现在进行时现在进行时主主+be(1)+ving(2)过去进行时过去进行时主主+was/were(1)+ving(2)现在完成时现在完成时主主+has/have(1)+过去分词过去分词(
3、2)过去完成时过去完成时主主+had(1)+过去分词过去分词(2)时间状语从句是关键时间状语从句是关键其他状语从句重点记忆连接词其他状语从句重点记忆连接词1.表示时间表示时间2.表示地点表示地点3.表示原因表示原因4.表示结果表示结果5.表示目的表示目的6.表示条件表示条件7.表示让步表示让步8.表示比较表示比较9.表示方式表示方式返回一、时间状语从句一、时间状语从句When,as,whilesincebefore,aftertill,untilassoonas,themoment/minute,nosooner.than,hardly.whentheday那时那时,theyear那年那年,t
4、hefirsttime,eachtime,anytime,bythetime到到.（名词性短语）Every/Each time I held the boat and carved the year, my grandfather seemde near.By the time he was 17, he had been to almost 20 contries to get his disease cured.since1. 引引导导状状语语从从句句时时，主主句句用用现现在在完完成成时时或或现现在完成进行时，从句中用一般过去时。在完成进行时，从句中用一般过去时。Ive been livi
5、ng here since I came to Beijing.I have returned home four times since I came here. 2. 常用句型：常用句型： It is (has been)+ since +一般过去时一般过去时It is five years since I began to learn English.until,till肯定句肯定句: 主句谓语动词为主句谓语动词为延续性延续性动词动词Lets wait till / until the rain stops.否定句否定句: 主句谓语动词为主句谓语动词为非延续性非延续性动词动词She di
6、dnt come back until this morning.not until 放在句首放在句首的倒装句的倒装句He didnt stop until he had finished all his work. Not until he had finished all his work did he stop.倒装主句，倒装主句，倒装主句倒装主句，倒装主句，倒装主句把把nosooner,hardly置于句首，它置于句首，它所连带的这部分就要倒装，如：所连带的这部分就要倒装，如：She had no sooner heard the news than she fainted.No so
7、oner had she heard the news than she fainted.She had hardly heard the news when she fainted.Hardly had she heard the news when she fainted.二、地点状语从句二、地点状语从句wherewherever1.Weshallgowherepeoplearekind.2.Juststaywhereyouare.3.Wereceivedawarmwelcomeeverywherewearrived.我们每到一个地方都受到了热烈的欢迎。我们每到一个地方都受到了热烈的欢迎。
8、Thereareplentyoftrees_.我住的地方树很多。我住的地方树很多。_I will be thinking of you. 不管我在哪里我都会想到你。不管我在哪里我都会想到你。_, I willberightherewaitingforyou!不不管管你你去去哪哪里里，不不管管你你做做什什么么，我我都都会会在在这这等着你！等着你！where I liveWherever I amWherever you go, whatever you do三、原因状语从句三、原因状语从句because，since，as，fornow（that），），inthat，forthereasontha
9、t，seeing(that)等等Since/ Now that /Seeing he refused to help us, there is no reason why we should help him now. because: 语气最强，回答语气最强，回答why提出的问题，提出的问题，表示的是直接的因果关系，可与强调词表示的是直接的因果关系，可与强调词only，merely，just，not连用。连用。Why are you late? Because there is a traffic jam.He was punished only because he broke the l
10、aw.since: “既然既然.” 对方已知的事实或理由，对方已知的事实或理由，常放在句首。常放在句首。Since you havent got enough money with you now, you can come and buy it next time. because, since, as, for as “由于由于.” 语气较弱，较口语化，表语气较弱，较口语化，表明显的原因或已知的事实，常放在句首。明显的原因或已知的事实，常放在句首。As he had been ready for the worst, he was not disappointed at the resul
11、t.for，并列连词并列连词，连接的是两个并列的分句，连接的是两个并列的分句，其他三个是引导状语从句的其他三个是引导状语从句的从属连词从属连词。 It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.for不能放在句首，不能放在句首，for不能放在句首，不能放在句首，for不能放在句首不能放在句首Heisabsenttodaybecausehewasill.Asitissnowing，weshallnotgoout.Youcouldntseehim,forhewasntthere.Sinceyouareill,Iwillgoalone.be
12、cause,as,since,for语气位置意义because最强前或后“原因”；表客观因果关系since较弱前“既然”；就对方陈述的事实作为理由as较强前“由于”；把众人所知的事实当作理由for最弱后“理由”；对某一事实进行推断的理由四、结果状语从句四、结果状语从句sothatso.that.suchthatsuch.that.sothat,sothat,suchthatsothat“以便以便”、“结果结果”表目的和结果。表目的和结果。注意：在从句中有情态动词表目的，无情态动词表结果。注意：在从句中有情态动词表目的，无情态动词表结果。sothat“如此的如此的以致于以致于”表结果。表结果。1
13、.so+形副that.2.so+形a(an)单数名词that.3.somany/few/much/little相应名词+that.suchthat“如此的如此的以致于以致于”表结果。表结果。1.sucha(an)形名词that.2.such形可数名词复数不可数名词that.somany/few/much/little相应名词+that. 比较：比较： so many / few flowers such nice flowers so much / little moneysuch rapid progress so many people such a lot of peopleThere
14、were so many people in the bus that I could hardly move.She put so much butter and sugar in the cake that I didnt dare to eat too much. He made so many mistakes that he failed the exam once again.1.Hewas_angrythathelefttheroomwithoutaword.2.Itis_heavyboxthatnobodycanmoveit.3.Theboxis_heavythatnobody
15、canmoveit.4.Thiswas_finemusicthatitwasworthlisteningtotwice.5.Ididntgoearly,_Ididntgetaseat.6.Hegot_littlemoneythathisfamilyhadtoliveonwelfaremoney.sosuchasosothatsuchso7. Mike is _ an honest worker that we all believe him.=Mike is _ honest a worker that We all believe him.8. It is _ fine weather th
16、at we allwant to go to the park .9. He earned _little money that he couldntsupport his family.10. It is not surprising that _little wormseat _ little grain.suchsosuchsosuchso五、目的状语从句五、目的状语从句sothatinorderthatincase目的状语从句常常含有情态动词。目的状语从句常常含有情态动词。They are hurrying so that / in order that they may not mi
17、ss the train. He works hard in order that / so that he can serve his country well.六、条件状语从句六、条件状语从句if，ifonly（if的强调式）的强调式）unless(=ifnot)aslongas，solongasonce(一旦一旦)1.As long as I live, I shall work hard.2.You cant learn it well unless you work hard.3.If you want to know ,I can tell you.4.Once environme
18、ntal damage is done, it takes many years for the ecosystem to recover. 注意注意：有时可以把祈使句作为条件从句，：有时可以把祈使句作为条件从句，祈使句后面要搭配祈使句后面要搭配and/or/otherwise，如：如： Give him an inch and hell take a mile. (= If you give him an inch, hell take a mile. )当表示否定的条件时，用连词当表示否定的条件时，用连词or /otherwise， 如：如：Start at once, or / othe
19、rwise youll miss the train. (= If you dont start at once, ) 七、让步状语从句七、让步状语从句though，although，asevenif，eventhoughhowever,whatever,whenever等等though,although,asthough,although在句首表“尽管”两者都可以用。但句后不能再用but。下列情况只能用though：asthough(=asif);eventhough(=evenif)在句末表示“然而”as和和though表示表示“尽管尽管”，从句的表语、状语，从句的表语、状语等成分要倒装。
20、等成分要倒装。Iwontmindevenif(though)hedoesntcome.Eevethoughthelearningisslowandpainful,theresultiswonderful.Thoughitwascold,shewentoutwithoutanovercoat.Youngas/thoughheis,heknowsalot.Though/Althoughheisahero,heisstillhumble.Heroasheis,heisstillhumble.nNote:Articlesareremovedwhenanounisputaheadofthesentenc
21、e.whatever,however,wherever,whenever既可以引导名词性从句，还可以引导让步状语既可以引导名词性从句，还可以引导让步状语从句。从句。引导引导让步状语从句让步状语从句时，时，分别等于：分别等于：nomatterwhat,nomatterhownomatterwhere,nomatterwhenNo matter who / whoever comes here, I will not let him in.You can take whatever you like.1.1) _we gave him something to eat, he would save
22、 it for his little sister. 2) _we gave him to eat, he would save it for his little sister. A Whatever B However C Whenever D Whichever2. The poor young man is ready to accept _ help he can get. A whichever B however C whatever D wheneverCAC八、比较状语从句八、比较状语从句比比较较状状语语从从句句主主要要用用在在形形容容词词、副副词词的的原级、比较级、最高级的
23、句子中。原级、比较级、最高级的句子中。as.as,notas/so.asthan,themorethemore最高级最高级+in/of/among这类从句常常有一些成分没有表示出来The more you eat, the fatter you are.John is less clever than Tom.He is not so/as clever as his brother.The younger of the twins is more considerate.(两者中两者中“较较.的一个的一个” 用用the + 比较级比较级”)九、方式状语从句九、方式状语从句asasif,ast
24、houghtheway,howWillyoupleasedotheexprimentasIamdoing?Leavethechildrenastheyare.Shelookedabitstrange,asifsheknewsomething.（事实或既有很大的可能性）（事实或既有很大的可能性）Theinjuredmanactedasifnothinghadhappendtohim.（主观的想象，并非事实）（主观的想象，并非事实）YoushouldoperatethemachinethewayIdo.前引：根据主从句的三种时间关系，分为主前引：根据主从句的三种时间关系，分为主从句同时发生、主从句
25、都没有发生、主从句一前一后发生三类句型，从句同时发生、主从句都没有发生、主从句一前一后发生三类句型，每种句型分别对应独特的句式每种句型分别对应独特的句式WhatwereyoudoingwhentheUFOarrived?WhatareyoudoingwhentheUFOarrives?Iwouldleaveifhecame.Iwillleaveifhecomes.ThetrainhadbeenawaywhenIarrived.过去配过去过去配过去过去配过去将来过去配过去将来现在配现在现在配现在现在配将来现在配将来前引：根据主从句的三种时间关系，分为主前引：根据主从句的三种时间关系，分为主从句同
26、时发生、主从句都没有发生、主从句一前一后发生三类句型，从句同时发生、主从句都没有发生、主从句一前一后发生三类句型，每种句型分别对应独特的句式每种句型分别对应独特的句式过去类：过去类：.过去进行过去进行when一般过去一般过去现在类：现在类：现在进行现在进行when一般现在一般现在过去类：过去将来过去类：过去将来when一般过去一般过去现在类：一般将来现在类：一般将来when一般现在一般现在过去完成过去完成when一般过去一般过去练习练习翻译翻译当小明做作业时，他的妈妈在做饭。Xiaomings mom was cooking when he did his homework.那天，当小明做作业
27、时，他的妈妈在做饭。That day, Xiaomings mom was cooking when he did his homework.他一来我就走。(as soon as)I will leave as soon as he comes.那天，他一来我就走。(as soon as)That day, I would leave as soon as he came.当他出门时，雨已经下了两个小时了。It had been rainy for 2 hours when he went out.1_theyhadworkedforalongtime,everyonelookedtired.
28、AWhileBAfterCUnlessDFor2Hehasbeenateacher_hecametothecountry.AsinceBuntilCasDwhen3Hehashadtocookbyhimself_hismotherwentonbusinesstoBeijing.AduringBsinceCafterDwhen4Itistenyears_Isawyoulasttime.AsinceBwhenCthatDif5.HealwaysthinksImwrong,_Imaysay.AnomatterwhateverBwhateverCwhatDthat6_,Motherwillwaitfo
29、rhimtohavedinnertogether.AHoweverlateisheBHoweverheislateCHoweverishelateDHoweverlateheis7Youshouldrunthemachine_theworkershasshownyou.AasBandCbutDso8Youshallhavethebook_Ihavereadit.AsothatBthoughCassoonasDsince9Themanputonaovercoat_keephimselfwarm.AthatBsothattoCinorderthatDinorderto10Hehaschangeds
30、omuch_Icanhardlyrecognizehim.AasBsothatCthatDbut11Betweenthetwopartsoftheconcertsisaninterval,_theaudiencecanbuyicecream.AwhenBwhereCthatD.which12LittleKatewenttoschool_itsnowheavilyyesterday.AthoughB.ifCbecauseDsince13Somepeoplewanttogohunting,_otherswanttogofinishing.AorBbecauseCwhileDsince14Badha
31、bits,_formed,aredifficulttogetridof.AandBonceCorDbut15Youmustgetupearlyinthemorning,_wellhavetostartoutwithoutyou.AandBorCbutDsothat16Wouldyoupleasewait_Icomeback.AifBwhenCbecauseDtill17Hecouldntcome_hewantedto.AasBbecauseCalthoughDfor18_yougaveapartyandnoonecome,whatwouldyoudo?AAlthoughBIfCUnlessDWhen19Youmayborrowthebook_youkeepitclean.AaslongasBwhenCafterDunless20.Johnplaysfootball_,ifnotbetterthan,David.AaswellBaswellasCsowellDsowellas状语从句状语从句中考真题中考真题
