《高二英语人教版选修6精选课件《Unit 5 The power of nature》第3课时 Learning about language》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《高二英语人教版选修6精选课件《Unit 5 The power of nature》第3课时 Learning about language(99页珍藏版)》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、.词汇词汇1I am very _ (不不舒舒服服的的) lying on this hard, cold floor.2 Let me see all the official _ (证证 件件 ) concerning the sale of this land.3He _ (射击射击) at the bird, but missed it.4He was _ (未察觉的未察觉的) of his mistakes.5A _(小说家小说家) creates characters and a plot.答案:答案:1.uncomfortable2.documents3.shot4unconsc
2、ious5.novelist.短语短语1be unconscious of _2shoot at _3find out _4find oneself. _5take.by surprise _答答案案:1.未未意意识识到到2.朝朝射射击击3.查查明明,弄弄明明白,搞清楚白,搞清楚4.发现自己是发现自己是/在在5.使使吃惊;突袭吃惊;突袭1precious (adj.)1)珍奇的;珍稀的珍奇的;珍稀的Pandas are precious creatures.熊猫是珍贵的动物。熊猫是珍贵的动物。2)宝贵的;珍贵的宝贵的;珍贵的You should make good use of every p
3、recious minute to study.你应很好利用宝贵的每一分钟去学习。你应很好利用宝贵的每一分钟去学习。3)受珍受珍爱的;受珍惜的的;受珍惜的Grandmas letter began, “Dear Jeffrey, I am leaving you one of my most precious treasuresmy memories.”外外祖祖母母写写给我我的的信信是是这样开开始始的的,“亲爱的的杰杰弗弗里里,我我留留给你我最你我最为珍珍爱的的财富富我的回我的回忆。”4)(表示气表示气愤)宝宝贝似的似的She talks about nothing except her pr
4、ecious car!她她说话离不开她那宝离不开她那宝贝汽汽车!【词语辨析词语辨析】precious, valuable这两个形容词均含这两个形容词均含“贵重的,有价值的贵重的,有价值的”之意。之意。1)precious指指具具有有极极大大价价值值,无无法法以以金金钱钱衡衡量量,或或因因本本身的品质而具有极大的价值。身的品质而具有极大的价值。I will think them as precious words.我会把它们当成珍贵的话。我会把它们当成珍贵的话。The foundations of the city walls were decorated with every kind of
5、precious stone.城墙的根基是用各样宝石修饰的。城墙的根基是用各样宝石修饰的。2)valuable物物品品指指有有相相当当价价值,可可高高价价出出售售的的;非非物物品品指重要的或有用、有益。指重要的或有用、有益。This dictionary will be very valuable to you/for studying English.这本字典本字典对你你/学学习英英语将很有帮助将很有帮助The flaw in this vase makes it less valuable.这个花瓶因个花瓶因为有点缺陷,不那么有点缺陷,不那么值钱了。了。【知识运用知识运用】(1)Treas
6、ured memories live and grow more_with time. May those beautiful yesterdays help to ease todays sorrow.ApreciousBvaluableCexpensive Dpriceless答答案案:A本本题题题题意意:珍珍爱爱的的记记忆忆与与时时光光同同在在且且日日益益珍珍贵贵,愿愿那那些些美美好好的的昨昨天天帮帮助助你你减减轻轻今今天天的的悲悲哀哀。precious表示表示“受珍爱的;受珍惜的受珍爱的;受珍惜的”。(2)They carried out criticism and selfcriti
7、cism and made many_proposals.Aprecious BvaluableCexpensive Dpriceless答答案案:A本本题题意意:他他们进行行了了批批评和和自自我我批批评,提提出出了了许多多有有价价值的的建建议。valuable表表示示“很很有有用用的的; 很很有有价价值的;的; 很重要的很重要的”。2unconscious (adj.)1)无知觉的;昏迷的;不省人事的无知觉的;昏迷的;不省人事的She remained unconscious for several hours.她不省人事有好几个小时。她不省人事有好几个小时。2)(感情、思想等感情、思想等)
8、 无意识的;自然流露的无意识的;自然流露的It is difficult to live with such mixed feelings, so they fade away into the unconscious mind and only return in troubled dreams.这这些些混混杂杂的的情情感感很很难难让让人人接接受受,所所以以它它们们被被淡淡忘忘于于潜潜意识里,只有在扰人的梦境中才会重现。意识里,只有在扰人的梦境中才会重现。3)of sb/sth 未察未察觉的;未意的;未意识到的;未注意的到的;未注意的They were so quiet that he wa
9、s completely unconscious of their presence.他他们非常安静,他完全不知道他非常安静,他完全不知道他们在在场。【知识运用知识运用】(1)After she hit her head she was_for several minutes.Aabsentminded BunconsciousCunaware Dsenseless答答案案:B本本题题题题意意:她她把把头头碰碰了了一一下下后后昏昏迷迷了了几几分分钟。钟。unconscious表示表示“无知觉的;昏迷的;不省人事的无知觉的;昏迷的;不省人事的”。(2)The new worlds Freud e
10、xplored were inside man himself. For the_mind is like a deep well, full of memories and feelings.Aabsentminded BunconsciousCunaware Dsenseless答答案案:B本本题题意意:弗弗洛洛伊伊德德探探索索的的新新世世界界是是人人自自身身的的内内心心世世界界,因因为潜潜意意识就就像像一一口口深深井井,装装满了了各各种种记忆和和情情绪。unconscious 表表示示“(感感情情、思思想想等等) 无无意意识的的;自然流露的自然流露的”。3shoot (v.)1)(sth
11、)(at sb/sth)|sth(from sth)开开(枪枪或或其其他他武武器器);射击;发射;射击;发射He enjoys riding, fishing and shooting.他喜欢骑马他喜欢骑马钓鱼和射击。钓鱼和射击。2)射杀;射伤射杀;射伤He shot the bird with his gun.他用枪打鸟。他用枪打鸟。3)发射发射(子弹等子弹等)The searchlight shot a long ray across the sky.探照灯射出一道长长的光柱划过天空。探照灯射出一道长长的光柱划过天空。4)sth at sb|sb sth 突然把突然把投向投向They sh
12、ot angry glances at her.他他们对她投以她投以愤怒的目光。怒的目光。5)拍拍摄;摄影影The new movie was shot in Africa.这部新的影片是在非洲拍部新的影片是在非洲拍摄的。的。6)(at sth) 射射门;投;投篮He shot two goals in the game.在比在比赛中,他中,他进了两个球。了两个球。【知识拓展知识拓展】shot1)C(at sb/sth) 射击;开枪射击;开枪(或开炮或开炮)Two of her shots hit the centre of the target.她有两枪打中靶心。她有两枪打中靶心。2)C (
13、针对对手,多为一系列之一的针对对手,多为一系列之一的)一席话,一击一席话,一击His remark was meant as a shot at me.他的话是冲着我来的。他的话是冲着我来的。3)C击球;射门;投篮击球;射门;投篮The striker had/took a shot at goal.前锋射门。前锋射门。【知识运用知识运用】(1)The wonderful_of goals are usually shown again in slow motion.Agains BshotsCscores Dobtains答答案案:B本本题题题题意意:精精彩彩的的射射门门镜镜头头常常常常用用
14、慢慢镜镜头头重映。重映。shot表示表示“击球;射门;投篮击球;射门;投篮”。(2)Hearing the sad news, he felt the tears_from his eyes.Ashooting BrushingCfloating Dflowing答答案案:A本本题题意意:一一听听到到令令人人伤心心的的消消息息,他他就就感到泪水从眼中涌了出来。感到泪水从眼中涌了出来。shoot表示表示“射出;放出;抛出射出;放出;抛出”。Revise the ing form(复习复习ing形式形式)(1)动名词动名词.动名词的句法功能:动名词的句法功能:1主语主语Reading French
15、 is easier than speaking it.法语读比说容易。法语读比说容易。Checking information is very important.核实情况的工作很重要。核实情况的工作很重要。【知识拓展知识拓展】1)不定式与动名词作主语的差异:不定式与动名词作主语的差异:动动名名词词作作主主语语往往往往表表示示普普通通的的、一一般般的的行行为为,不不定定式式作主语常表示某次具体的行为。作主语常表示某次具体的行为。Collecting information about childrens health is his job.收集有关儿童健康的信息是他的工作。收集有关儿童健康的
16、信息是他的工作。Its necessary to discuss the problem with an experienced teacher.与一位有经验的老师讨论这个问题是有必要的。与一位有经验的老师讨论这个问题是有必要的。2)常用常用动名名词做主做主语的句型有:的句型有:Its no good/use/fun doing.Its no use pretending you didnt know.你装糊涂是无你装糊涂是无济于事的。于事的。Its(a)waste of time doing.Its a waste of time doing that.做那种事是浪做那种事是浪费时间。Its
17、 worthwhile doing.Its worthwhile taking the trouble to explain a job fully to new employees.给新雇新雇员详细解解释一下工作要求,一下工作要求, 费点事也是点事也是值得的。得的。There is no point/denying/telling in doing.There is no point in complaining. They cant do anything to help you.抱怨于事无抱怨于事无补,他,他们没没办法帮助你。法帮助你。3)常用不定式作主常用不定式作主语的句型有:的句型有
18、:Its difficult (important, necessary) for sb. to do.It is important for students to attend all the lectures.所有的所有的课学生都学生都应该去听,去听, 这是很重要的。是很重要的。Its kind(good, friendly, polite, careless, rude, cruel, clever, foolish, brave)of sb. to do.It wasnt very polite of you to serve yourself without asking.你也不你
19、也不问一声就自己吃起来是不太礼貌的。一声就自己吃起来是不太礼貌的。2表表语He works in a bank, but his hobby is building model boats.他在他在银行工作,但他的行工作,但他的业余余爱好是做船舶模型。好是做船舶模型。His job is selling newspapers.他的工作是他的工作是卖报。【知识拓展知识拓展】1)动动名名词词作作表表语语是是对对主主语语内内容容的的解解释释,主主语语与与表表语语位位置可以互换,动名词常用于口语中。置可以互换,动名词常用于口语中。Her job is teaching English to Chine
20、se students.她的工作是教中国学生英语。她的工作是教中国学生英语。2)不不定定式式作作表表语语,通通常常表表示示具具体体的的,特特别别是是将将来来的的某某次行为。次行为。The next step is to search the titles for more information.下一步是查标题,以获得更多的信息。下一步是查标题,以获得更多的信息。3宾语I have no objection to hearing your story again.再听一遍你的故事,我没有异再听一遍你的故事,我没有异议。He avoided answering my questions.他避而不
21、答我的他避而不答我的问题。【知识拓展知识拓展】1)在在英英语语中中,下下列列动动词词或或动动词词短短语语只只接接动动名名词词作作宾宾语语:avoid, advise, allow, admit, appreciate, consider, delay, deny, enjoy, excuse, escape, forbid, miss, mind, practise, permit, suggest, finish, risk, imagine, keep, understand, be busy, be worth, feel like, give up, cant stand, cant
22、help, care for, think of, dream of, be fond of, prevent.from, keep.from, stop.from, protect.from, set about, be engaged in, spend.(in), succeed in, be used to, look forward to, object to, pay attention to, insist on等。等。Why have they delayed opening the school?他他们为什么延期开学?什么延期开学?We shall appreciate he
23、aring from you again.我我们恭候佳音。恭候佳音。I dont care for standing in queues.我不喜我不喜欢排排队。He put off making a decision till he had more information.他推他推迟到到获得得详情之后再决定。情之后再决定。2)在在love, like, prefer, hate后后,如如果果表表示示一一般般倾向向性性,多多用用动名名词担担任任宾语;如如果果指指特特定定的的具具体体动作作,多多用用不不定定式担任式担任宾语。He hates leaving the office and goin
24、g on holiday.他不愿离开他不愿离开办公室去度假。公室去度假。I hate to disturb you.我很我很遗憾来打憾来打扰你。你。He likes walking in the snow with his wife.他喜他喜欢和妻子在雪中散步。和妻子在雪中散步。I like to play football this afternoon.今天下午我想踢足球。今天下午我想踢足球。3)动词begin, start, continue既既可可与与不不定定式式也也可可与与动名名词连用用,二二者者并并无无含含义上上的的差差别,但但表表示示“知知道道或或理理解解”的的动词以及以及动词ma
25、tter后面用不定式更普遍些。后面用不定式更普遍些。I began working/to work.我开始工作了。我开始工作了。He continued living/to live above the shop.他仍然住在商店的楼上。他仍然住在商店的楼上。I am beginning to understand/see/realize why he acted as he did.我我现在在刚刚开始懂得开始懂得/看出看出/明白他明白他为什么那什么那样做。做。4)在在remember, forget, stop, try, regret, mean等等动词后后,既既可可以以后后接接不不定定式式
26、,又又可可以以动名名词担担任任宾语,但但含含义并并不不相同。相同。a. remember doing sth/to do sth 记得得做做过某某事事/记住住去去做某事做某事I remember reading/having read about the earthquake in the papers.我我记得在得在报纸上看到上看到过关于关于这次地震的消息。次地震的消息。Remember to lock the door.别忘了忘了锁门。b. forget doing sth/to do sth 忘忘记了了做做过某某事事/忘忘记要要去去做某事做某事Ill never forget meeti
27、ng my school headmaster for the first time.我永我永远忘不了和我小学校忘不了和我小学校长初次初次见面的情景。面的情景。Dont forget to turn off the light when you leave the room.你离开房你离开房间时别忘了关灯。忘了关灯。 c. stop doing sth/to do sth 停停止止做做某某事事/停停止止,中中断断做做某某事后去做另一件事。事后去做另一件事。Will you stop making that horrible noise! 你你别再弄出那种再弄出那种讨厌的响声来行不行!的响声来行
28、不行!He stopped to look at the view.他停下来看看那里的他停下来看看那里的风景。景。d. try doing sth/to do sth 尝试做做某某事事(看看一一看看会会发生生什什么情况么情况)/努力努力(试图)做某事做某事They tried putting wire netting all round the garden.他他们试着用着用铁丝网把花园全网把花园全围了起来。了起来。They tried to put wire netting all round the garden.他他们想用想用铁丝网把花园全网把花园全围起来。起来。e. regret do
29、ing sth/to do sth 对做做过的的事事表表示示后后悔悔/对要要做的事表示抱歉或做的事表示抱歉或遗憾憾I regret spending/having spent/to have spent so much money.我很后悔花了我很后悔花了这么多么多钱。I regret to tell you that I cant go to your birthday party.我很我很遗憾地告憾地告诉你我不能去参加你的生日晚会了。你我不能去参加你的生日晚会了。f. mean doing sth/to do sth 意意味味着着(意意思思是是)/打打算算做做某某事事Culture mea
30、ns trying to perfect oneself and ones own mind.修养意指努力使自己和自己的心灵修养意指努力使自己和自己的心灵趋于完善。于完善。I mean to stay here, if I can.若是能留下,若是能留下, 我想留在我想留在这儿。儿。g. go on doing sth/to do sth继续做做原原来来做做的的事事/做做了了一一件事后,接着做另一件事。件事后,接着做另一件事。Go on doing the other exercise after you have finished this one.作完作完这个个练习后,接着做其他的后,接着
31、做其他的练习。After he had finished his maths, he went on to do his physics.做完数学后,他接着去做物理。做完数学后,他接着去做物理。h. be afraid doing sth/to do sth担担心心出出现的的状状况况、结果果/胆怯而不敢去做某事胆怯而不敢去做某事She was afraid to step further in grass because she was afraid of being bitten by a snake.她生怕被蛇咬着,而不敢在草她生怕被蛇咬着,而不敢在草丛中再走一步。中再走一步。She wa
32、s afraid to wake her husband.她不敢去叫醒她丈夫。她不敢去叫醒她丈夫。4定定语The patient on the operating table is his grandfather.躺在手躺在手术台上的病人是他的祖父。台上的病人是他的祖父。The passengers are waiting in the waiting room.乘客乘客们正在候正在候车室等候。室等候。【知识拓展知识拓展】动动名名词词作作定定语语,说说明明被被修修饰饰的的名名词词的的用用途途,含含有有“供供作作之之用用”的的意意思思。例例如如:There is a swimming pool
33、in our school. 我我们们学学校校有有一一个个游游泳泳池池。a swimming pool 相相当当于于a pool which is used for swimming.动名词的基本形式:动名词的基本形式: 1一般式:表示现在的行为。一般式:表示现在的行为。Learning a foreign language is very useful to me.学一门外语对我来说很有用。学一门外语对我来说很有用。The twin brothers always enjoy going to the concert.这一对双胞胎弟兄俩对听音乐会总是兴致勃勃。这一对双胞胎弟兄俩对听音乐会总是
34、兴致勃勃。2完成式:表示完成式:表示动作作发生在生在谓语动作之前。作之前。He denied having been there.他否他否认曾曾经到到过那儿。那儿。The safe showed no signs of having been touched.保保险箱没有被人箱没有被人动过的痕迹。的痕迹。3被被动式:式:动名名词的的逻辑主主语是是这个个动作的承受者。作的承受者。They narrowly escaped being killed in the fire.他他们险些在大火中些在大火中丧生。生。I remember being taken to Paris as a small c
35、hild.我我记得我在儿得我在儿时被被带到巴黎到巴黎过。He was punished by being sent to bed without any supper.他被他被罚不不让吃晚吃晚饭就去睡就去睡觉。4否定式:由否定式:由notVing构成。构成。I regret not being able to help you.我很后悔没有能我很后悔没有能够帮助你。帮助你。The child made her mother angry by not taking her medicine. 这个女孩不吃个女孩不吃药使她使她妈妈很生气。很生气。(2)现在分词现在分词.现在分词的句法功能:现在分词
36、的句法功能:1定语定语We can see the rising sun.我们可以看到东升的旭日。我们可以看到东升的旭日。The children practicing playing the violin over there will give a performance next week.在那边练习拉小提琴的孩子将在下周演出。在那边练习拉小提琴的孩子将在下周演出。【知识拓展知识拓展】1)现现在在分分词词作作定定语语通通常常放放在在所所修修饰饰的的名名词词前前面面,所所修修饰的代词后面;分词短语则放在所修饰的名词后面。饰的代词后面;分词短语则放在所修饰的名词后面。The moving p
37、arts of this machine should be oiled regularly.这部机器的运转部件应该上油。这部机器的运转部件应该上油。There is nothing interesting.没有有趣的东西。没有有趣的东西。Will those teaching the children from abroad come to the headmasters office?那些教国外孩子的老师请到校长办公室来好吗?那些教国外孩子的老师请到校长办公室来好吗?2)现在在分分词与与动名名词作作定定语存存在在差差异异:动名名词作作定定语,说明明被被修修饰的的名名词的的用用途途;现在在分
38、分词与与所所修修饰的的词之之间具具有有逻辑上的主上的主谓关系或关系或动宾关系。关系。He goes to the reading room every day.他每天都去他每天都去阅览室室读书。There are three types of tigers living in China.目前中国有三种虎。目前中国有三种虎。The issue being discussed at the meeting is of importance.会会议上正在上正在讨论的的问题非常重要。非常重要。2表表语He remained standing beside the table.他依然站在桌旁。他依然站
39、在桌旁。The news that he brought us was very interesting.她她给我我们带来的消息非常激来的消息非常激动人心。人心。【知识拓展知识拓展】现在分词作表语,表示主语的性质或特征。现在分词作表语,表示主语的性质或特征。The story sounds very moving.这个故事听起来很感人。这个故事听起来很感人。It is astonishing to me that he should be absent.他竟然缺席会议,使我感到惊愕。他竟然缺席会议,使我感到惊愕。3补足足语I find his attitude absolutely aston
40、ishing.我我觉得他的得他的态度令人震惊。度令人震惊。Ill soon have your car moving again.我很快就会使你的我很快就会使你的车重新重新发动起来。起来。We were kept waiting for quite a long time.让我我们等了好等了好长时间。The boy was caught stealing apples from the garden.有人撞有人撞见这个男孩个男孩偷园里的苹果。园里的苹果。【知识拓展知识拓展】1)现现在在分分词词作作补补语语,表表示示动动作作正正在在进进行行;不不定定式式作作补补语表示动作已经发生了,是整个事件的
41、全过程。语表示动作已经发生了,是整个事件的全过程。I saw him crossing the road.我看见他正在过马路。我看见他正在过马路。(在路上走着在路上走着)I saw him cross the road.我看见他过了马路。我看见他过了马路。(从这边到了那边从这边到了那边)2)分分词作作补语可可分分为以以下下两两种种情情况况。表表示示感感觉的的动词see, watch, notice, find, listen to, feel, observe, look at 等等以以及使役及使役动词have, keep, make等。等。I heard her singing when I
42、 passed by her room.当我路当我路过她的房她的房间时,我听到她正在唱歌。,我听到她正在唱歌。I found the topic being discussed everywhere then.我我发现人人们那那时到到处讨论这个个话题。I cant have you insulting Tom like that.我不能容忍你我不能容忍你这样侮辱侮辱汤姆。姆。4状状语现在在分分词和和分分词短短语可可以以在在句句子子中中作作状状语来来修修饰谓语动词或或整整个个句句子子,表表示示动作作发生生的的时间、原原因因、条条件件、结果、果、让步或伴随状况。步或伴随状况。1)原因状原因状语现在
43、在分分词作作原原因因状状语,相相当当于于一一个个原原因因状状语从从句句。现在在分分词作作原原因因状状语时,要要特特别注注意意现在在分分词所所表表示示的的动作作和和谓语动词所表示的所表示的动作的作的时间关系。关系。当当现在在分分词所所表表示示的的动作作和和谓语动词所所表表示示的的动作作同同时发生或近于同生或近于同时发生生时,要使用,要使用现在分在分词的一般式。的一般式。Fearing that the police would recognize him he never went out in daylight.As he feared that the police would recogn
44、ize him he never went out in daylight.因因为害怕警察害怕警察认出他来,他从不白天出出他来,他从不白天出门。当当现在在分分词所所表表示示的的动作作在在谓语动词所所表表示示的的动作作之前之前发生生时,采用,采用现在分在分词的完成式。的完成式。Having talked with John, I realized my mistake.和和约翰翰谈话之后,我意之后,我意识到了自己的到了自己的错误。2)时间状状语现在在分分词短短语作作时间状状语,相相当当于于when, while引引导的的时间状状语从从句句。现在在分分词短短语作作时间状状语时,可可以以转变为一一个
45、个时间状状语从从句句。现在在分分词的的完完成成式式作作状状语的的情情况况经常常出出现,应注注意意现在在分分词所所表表示示的的动作作和和谓语动词所所表表示示的的动作的作的时间关系。关系。主主语所所做做的的一一个个动作作紧接接着着所所做做的的另另一一个个动作作,第第一一个个动作作常常常常用用现在在分分词来来表表示示,而而且且分分词必必须放放在在前前面面。能能够用于用于这种用法的种用法的动词都是瞬都是瞬间动词。Hearing the news, they couldnt help jumping.听到听到这个消息个消息时,他,他们禁不住跳了起来。禁不住跳了起来。主主语同同时做做出出两两个个动作作时,
46、通通常常其其中中的的一一个个动作作可可以以由由现在在分分词来来表表示示,这时分分词既既可可以以放放在在动词不不定定式式之之前前,也也可可以以放放在在之之后后。此此外外,现在在分分词(短短语)前前面面一一般般加加when或或while.When leaving the station, he waved again and again to me.离开离开车站的站的时候,他向我候,他向我频频挥手。手。当当分分词的的动作作完完成成以以后后,主主句句的的动作作才才发生生时,采采用用现在在分分词的的完完成成形形式式作作状状语,放放在在句句子子前前面面,译作作“在在之后之后”,此,此时它可以置它可以置换
47、为“after动名名词”这一一结构。构。Having turned off the TV set, he began to go over his lessons.After turning off the TV set,he began to go over his lessons.关掉关掉电视机以后,他便开始复机以后,他便开始复习功功课。3)方式状方式状语和伴随状和伴随状语现在在分分词作作方方式式状状语和和伴伴随随状状语,说明明动作作发生生的的背背景或情况。它表示分景或情况。它表示分词的的动作和主句的作和主句的动作同作同时发生。生。He sat in the armchair, readi
48、ng the newspaper.他坐在扶手椅上他坐在扶手椅上读报纸。He sent me an email, hoping to get further information.他他给我我发了封了封电子子邮件,希望得到件,希望得到进一步的信息。一步的信息。4)结果状果状语现在在分分词短短语用用作作结果果状状语,通通常常放放在在句句末末,中中间用用逗号隔开,表示一种自然的逗号隔开,表示一种自然的结果。果。The snow lasted a week, resulting in serious traffic confusion in the whole city.雪下了一个星期,造成整个城市交
49、通雪下了一个星期,造成整个城市交通瘫痪。The plate dropped from her hands, breaking it into pieces.盘子从她手中掉了下来,成了碎片。子从她手中掉了下来,成了碎片。5)条件状条件状语(If)Playing all day, you will waste your valuable time.如果玩一整天,你就会浪如果玩一整天,你就会浪费了宝了宝贵的的时间。Staying here for some time, youll find the people here are friendly. 如果在此呆上一段如果在此呆上一段时间,你会,你会发
50、现这儿的人儿的人们很友好。很友好。6)让步状步状语Though raining heavily, it cleared up very soon.尽管雨下得很大,很快就会天晴。尽管雨下得很大,很快就会天晴。 Whether waking or sleeping, he was devoted to the subject.无无论他是醒着他是醒着还是睡着了,他都沉溺于是睡着了,他都沉溺于这个主个主题。.现在分词的形式:现在分词的形式:1一般式:表示与谓语动作同时发生。一般式:表示与谓语动作同时发生。She sat by the window, enjoying the beautiful sig
51、hts outside.她坐在窗边,欣赏着窗外的风景。她坐在窗边,欣赏着窗外的风景。Walking around the city, we were impressed by the citys new look.在城里走时,城市的新容给我们留下了深刻的印象。在城里走时,城市的新容给我们留下了深刻的印象。2完完成成式式:表表示示动作作发生生在在谓语动作作之之前前;此此外外,如如果第一个果第一个动作持作持续一段一段时间时,也必,也必须用分用分词的完成式。的完成式。Having finished his homework, he went out.做完作做完作业后,他出去了。后,他出去了。Havi
52、ng been his own boss for such a long time,he found it hard to accept orders from another.自自己己当当老老板板已已经这么么久久了了,他他觉得得难以以听听从从别人人的的差差遣。遣。3被被动式式:一一般般式式表表示示与与谓语动作作同同时发生生的的被被动的的动作,完成式表示作,完成式表示发生在生在谓语动词之前的被之前的被动的的动作。作。Being asked to give a performance, Mary couldnt very well refused.有人有人请玛丽表演表演节目,她不好拒目,她不好拒
53、绝。Having been given such a good chance, how could she let it slip?人家人家给了她了她这样一个好机会,她怎么能一个好机会,她怎么能轻易放易放过?4否定式:否定式:Not knowing her address, we couldnt get in touch with her.由于不知道她的地址,我由于不知道她的地址,我们没法和她没法和她联系。系。Not having received her reply, they telephoned her.由于没有收到她回音,他由于没有收到她回音,他们给她打了她打了电话。语法专练语法专练从
54、从A、B、C、D四四个个选选项项中中,选选出出可可以以填填入入空空白白处处的的最佳选项。最佳选项。1. (2010北北京京21)_ at my classmates faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes.A. Looking B. Look C. To look D. Looked答答案案:A本本题题题题意意:看看着着同同学学们们那那一一张张张张面面孔孔,我我察察觉觉到到了了他他们们眼眼神神中中所所流流露露出出来来的的同同样样的的兴兴奋奋神神情情。本本题题考考查查现现在在分分词词短短语语担担任任时时间间状状语语,表表示示与与谓谓语语动动
55、作作同同时时发发生的一个主动动作。生的一个主动动作。2(2010上上海海秋秋35)_ the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height. A. Approaching B. Approached C. To approach D. To be approached 答答案案:A本本题题意意:走走近近市市中中心心,我我们看看到到一一个个石石头雕雕像像,约10米米高高。本本题考考查现在在分分词短短语担担任任时间状状语,表示一个与表示一个与谓语动作同作同时发生的主生的主动动作。作。3. (2010四四 川川 17)
56、 The lawyer listened with full attention,_ to miss any point.A. not trying B. trying not C. to try not D. not to try 答答案案:B本本题题意意:律律师全全神神贯注注,试图抓抓住住问题的的要要害害。本本题考考查现在在分分词短短语担担任任方方式式和和伴伴随随状状语以以及及动词不定式否定式的用法。不定式否定式的用法。4. (2010浙浙江江20) The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and _ less
57、than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat. A. being weighed B. to weigh C. weighed D. weighing 答答案案:D本本题题意意:交交通通规则指指出出,四四岁以以下下以以及及体体重重不不超超过四四十十磅磅的的儿儿童童必必须坐坐在在儿儿童童安安全全座座椅椅上上。现在在分分词短短语weighing less than 40 pounds担担任任后后置置定定语,修修饰名名词young children,相相当当于于定定语从从句句who/that weigh less than 40 pounds.5. (2
58、010福福 建建 25) Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock, _ supplies to Yushu, Qinghai province after the earthquake.A. sending B. to send C. having sent D. to have sent答答案案:A本本题题意意:地地震震发生生后后,大大量量的的救救援援人人员昼昼夜夜不不停停地地为青青海海省省玉玉树县提提供供补给。现在在分分词短短语sending supplies to Yushu担担任任方方式式或或伴伴随随状状语,表表示示句句
59、子子的主的主语所所发出的一个与出的一个与谓语动作作work同同时发生的主生的主动动作。作。6(2009上上海海35) Bill suggested_a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation.Ahaving heldBto holdCholding Dhold答答案案:C本本题题意意:在在假假期期期期间能能为上上海海世世博博会会做做些些什什么么,比比尔尔建建议召召开开一一次次会会议。suggest doing sth 表表示示“建建议做某事做某事”。7 (2009全全 国国 2 34) _twice, th
60、e postman refused to deliver our letters unless we changed our dog.ABeing bitten BBittenCHaving bitten DTo be bitten答答案案:B本本题题意意:被被我我们的的狗狗咬咬了了两两次次,那那位位邮递员拒拒绝给我我们送送信信,除除非非我我们把把狗狗换掉掉。本本题考考查过去去分分词担担任任原原因因状状语。相相当当于于原原因因状状语从从句句As he was bitten twice,.注注意意:由由过去去分分词转化化而而来来的的形形容容词在在句句中中担担任任状状语或或后后置置定定语时,不不能
61、能和和being连用用。例例如如:Einstein walked along the street, lost in thought. 爱因因斯斯坦坦漫漫步步街街头,沉浸在思索之中。沉浸在思索之中。8 (2009天天 津津 9)_by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land.ABeing encouraged BEncouraging CEncouraged DHaving encouraged答答案案:C本本题题意意:受受技技术进步步的的鼓鼓舞舞,很很多多农场主主已已经在在自自
62、己己的的土土地地上上建建立立了了风能能农场。本本题考考查分分词担担任任原原因因状状语,由由于于动作作encourage与与句句子子的的主主语之之间存存在在逻辑上上的的“动宾”关关系系,且且动作作已已经完完成成,所所以以采采用用过去去分分词形式。形式。9 (2009湖湖 南南 21)Every evening after dinner, if not_from work, I will spend some time walking my dog.Abeing tired BtiringCtired Dto be tired答答案案:C本本题题意意:每每天天晚晚饭过后后,若若非非工工作作劳累累,
63、我我都都花花费一一些些时间去去遛遛狗狗。本本题考考查过去去分分词短短语担担任任状状语,相当于状,相当于状语从句从句if I am not tired from work,.10(2009湖湖南南25)At the age of 29, Dave was a worker, _in a small apartment near Boston and_what to do about his future.Aliving; wondering Blived; wondering Clived; wondered Dliving; wondered答答案案:A本本题题意意:29岁时,戴戴夫夫是是一一
64、名名工工人人,住住在在波波士士顿附附近近的的一一套套小小公公寓寓里里,不不知知道道将将来来能能够做做什什么么。第第一一空空考考查现在在分分词担担任任定定语,起起补充充说明明作作用用,相相当当于于非非限限制制性性定定语从从句句., who lived in a small apartment near Boston.第第二二空空考考查现在在分分词担担任任伴伴随随状状语,表表示示一一个个与与动作作live同同时发生的主生的主动动作。作。11(2009福福建建32)_not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airpor
65、t in a hurry.AReminding BReminded CTo remind DHaving reminded 答答案案:B本本题题意意:有有人人提提醒醒经理理不不要要错过了了15:20的的航航班班,他他匆匆忙忙赶赶往往机机场。本本题考考查分分词短短语担担任任时间状状语。动作作remind与与句句子子的的主主语the manager 之之间存存在在逻辑上上的的“动宾”关关系系,且且发生生在在谓语动词set out for之之前前,所所以用以用过去分去分词形式。形式。12(2009福福建建34) In April, 2009, President Hu inspected the w
66、arships in Qingdao, _ the 60th anniversary of the founding of the PLA Navy.Amarking Bmarked Chaving marked Dbeing marked答答案案:A本本题题意意:2009年年4月月,胡胡主主席席在在青青岛检阅了了海海军舰队,以以纪念念中中国国人人民民解解放放军海海军成成立立60周周年年。本本题考考查分分词短短语担担任任后后置置定定语,起起补充充说明明作作用用,相相当当于于非非限限制制性性定定语从从句句., which marked the 60th anniversary of the fo
67、unding of the PLA Navy.13(2009辽宁宁22)When we visited my old family home, memory came_back.Aflooding Bto flood Cflood Dflooded答答案案:A本本题题意意:当当我我们参参观老老家家住住宅宅时,往往事事涌涌上上心心头。本本题考考查分分词短短语担担任任方方式式或或伴伴随随状状语。动作作flood与与句句子子的的主主语memory之之间存存在在逻辑上上的的“主主谓”关关系系,且且与与谓语动作作came同同时发生生,所所以以采采用用现在在分分词形形式式。再再如如:He came run
68、ning here with one hand holding a knife.他手上握着刀向他手上握着刀向这里跑来。里跑来。14(2009浙浙江江3)_and short of breath, Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of Mount Tai.ATo be tried BTired CTiring DBeing tired 答答案案:B本本题题意意:安安迪迪和和鲁比比最最先先到到达达泰泰山山山山顶,筋筋疲疲力力尽尽,气气喘喘吁吁吁吁。本本题考考查形形容容词tired以以及及short of breath在在句句中中担担任任伴
69、伴随随状状语。注注意意:由由过去去分分词转化化而而来来的的形形容容词在在句句中中担担任任状状语,后后置置定定语或或者者补足足语,表表示示人人所所处的状的状态,其前不加,其前不加being.15(2009四四川川10)_many times, he finally understood it.ATold BTelling CHaving told DHaving been told答答案案:D本本题题意意:被被告告知知多多次次之之后后,他他终于于明明白白了了。本本题考考查分分词担担任任时间状状语。动作作tell与与句句子子的的主主语he之之间存存在在逻辑上上的的“动宾”关关系系,且且动作作发生生
70、在在谓语动词understood之之前前,原原则上上既既可可以以采采用用现在在分分词的的完完成成式式的的被被动形形式式,也也可可以以采采用用过去去分分词形形式式,但但由由于于状状语many times的存在,只能采用的存在,只能采用现在分在分词的完成式的被的完成式的被动形式。形式。16(2009江江苏32) Distinguished guests and friends, welcome to our school._the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni (校校友友) from home and ab
71、road.AAttend BTo attend CAttending DHaving attended答答案案:C本本题题意意:贵宾朋朋友友们,欢迎迎到到我我们学学校校来来。出出席席今今天天上上午午50周周年年庆典典的的是是来来自自国国内内外外的的校校友友们。第第二二句句话为倒倒装装句句,正正常常语序序为:Our alumni from home and abroad are attending the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning.17(2008江江西西24) I hear theyve promoted Tom, but he
72、didnt mention_when we talked on the phone.Ato promote Bhaving been promotedChaving promoted Dto be promoted答答案案:B本本题题意意:我我听听说他他们已已经晋晋升升了了汤姆姆的的职位位,但但是是我我们在在电话中中交交谈时,他他并并没没有有提提及及晋晋职这件件事事。本本题考考查非非谓语动词的的用用法法。mention 表表示示“提提到到;写写到到;说到到”,后后接接动名名词担担任任宾语。此此外外,考考虑逻辑关关系系,采采用用被被动式式。例例如如:Whenever I mention play
73、ing football, he says hes too busy. 我一跟他提踢足球的事,我一跟他提踢足球的事, 他就他就说太忙。太忙。18(2008上上海海春春32) As a new driver, I have to practise_the car in my small garage again and again.Aparking Bto parkCparked Dpark答答案案:A本本题题意意:作作为一一名名新新司司机机,我我不不得得不不在在我的小我的小车库里反复里反复练习停停车。practise后接后接动名名词担任担任宾语。19(2008福福建建22)_in the qu
74、eue for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car.AWaiting BTo waitCHaving waited DTo have waited答答案案:C本本题题意意:排排队等等了了半半小小时之之后后,这位位老老人人突突然然意意识到到他他把把支支票票忘忘在在汽汽车里里了了。本本题考考查现在在分分词(短短语)在在句句中中担担任任时间状状语。现在在分分词所所表表示示的的动作作wait发生生在在谓语动词realize之之前前,所所以以采采用用完完成成式式;此此外外,时间状状语f
75、or half an hour也也起起到到了了暗暗示示作作用用。注注意意:不不定定式式(短短语)在句中只担任目的、原因或在句中只担任目的、原因或结果状果状语。20(2008山山东35) Lucys new job paid twice as much as she had made_in the restaurant.Aworking Bwork Cto work Dworked答答案案:A本本题题意意:露露丝的的新新工工作作的的薪薪金金是是过去去她她在在餐餐馆工工作作时薪薪金金的的两两倍倍。本本题考考查现在在分分词短短语working in the restaurant担担任任时间状状语,相
76、相当当于于时间状状语从从句句when she worked in the restaurant.注注意意:不不定定式式(短短语)在在句句中中担担任目的状任目的状语、结果状果状语或原因状或原因状语。21(2008天天津津4)_their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.ATo throw BThrown CThrowing DBeing thrown答答案案:C本本题题意意:把把帽帽子子抛抛入入空空中中,获胜球球队的的球球迷迷发出出了了胜利利的的呐喊喊。本本题考考查现在在
77、分分词短短语在在句句中中担担任任方方式式或或伴伴随随状状语。动作作throw与与句句子子的的主主语the fans之之间存在存在逻辑上的上的“主主谓”关系,且与关系,且与谓语动词let out同同时发生。生。22(2008安安徽徽30)_in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring.ATo walk BWalking CWalked DHaving walked答答案案:B本本题题意意:3月月的的一一天天下下午午,他他漫漫步步在在田田野野中中,感感受受着着春春天天的的温温暖暖。本本题考考查现在在分分
78、词在在句句中中担担任任时间状状语,相相当当于于时间状状语从从句句When he was walking in the fields on a March afternoon,.; 注注意意:动作作walk与与谓语动作作feel同同时发生,所以采用生,所以采用现在分在分词的一般式。的一般式。23(2008陕西西14)_around the Water Cube, we were then taken to see the Birds Nest for the 2008 Olympic Games.AHaving shown BTo be shown CHaving been shown DTo
79、show答答案案:C本本题题意意:我我们被被引引领参参观了了游游泳泳场馆“水水立立方方”之之后后,又又被被带去去参参观2008年年奥奥运运会会的的主主场馆“鸟巢巢”。本本题考考查现在在分分词担担任任时间状状语,相相当当于于时间状状语从从句句After we had been shown/was shown around the Water Cube,;根根据据逻辑关关系系,排排除除选项A。 注注意意:不不定定式式在在句中只能担任目的状句中只能担任目的状语,原因状,原因状语或或结果状果状语。24(2008重重庆29)_to reach them on the phone, we sent an
80、email instead.AFail BFailed CTo fail DHaving failed答答案案:D本本题题意意:电话联系系不不上上他他们,我我们改改发了了一一封封电子子邮件件。本本题考考查现在在分分词(短短语)在在句句中中担担任任时间状状语,相相当当于于状状语从从句句:After we (had) failed to reach them on the phone,.; 动作作fail与与句句子子的的主主语we之之间存存在在逻辑上上的的“主主谓”关关系系,且且发生生在在谓语动词sent之之前前,采采用用现在分在分词的完成式。的完成式。25(2008湖湖南南34) Susan w
81、anted to be independent of her parents. She tried_alone, but she didnt like it and moved back home.Aliving Bto live Cto be living Dhaving lived答答案案:A本本题题意意:苏珊珊不不想想依依赖父父母母而而要要自自立立。她她曾曾尝试独独立立生生活活,但但她她不不喜喜欢这种种生生活活又又搬搬回回家家中中。try doing sth表表示示“尝试做做某某事事”。try to do sth表表示示“试图(或或尽尽力力)做某事做某事”。 26(2008江江苏29)T
82、hey are quiet, arent they?Yes. They are accustomed_at meals.Ato talk Bto not talkCto talking Dto not talking答答案案:D本本题题意意:“他他们很很安安静静,对吗?” “是是的的,他他们习惯了了吃吃饭时不不说话。”be accustomed to sth/doing sth 表示表示“习惯于于”,其中,其中to为介介词。27(2007安徽安徽30) Robert is indeed a wise man.Oh, yes. How often I have regretted_his adv
83、ice!Ato take Btaking Cnot to take Dnot taking答答案案:D本本题题意意:“罗伯伯特特的的确确是是一一个个明明智智之之士士。” “啊啊,是是呀呀。没没有有采采纳他他的的建建议,我我时常常为此此而而后后悔悔!” regret doing sth表示表示“对所做所做过的事感到的事感到遗憾或后悔憾或后悔”。28In my mind,_that famous university will be the only way to become a worldclass writer.Aattending BattendedCattend Dhaving atte
84、nded答答案案:A本本题题意意:在在我我看看来来,进入入一一所所名名牌牌大大学学就就读是是成成为一一位位世世界界知知名名作作家家的的唯唯一一途途径径。本本题考考查动名名词短短语作主作主语。29Can you imagine his_a novel?Awrite BwritingCto write Dwrote答答案案:B本本题题意意:你你想想像像得得到到他他写写小小说吗? 本本题考考查动词imagine后接后接动名名词或或动名名词的复合的复合结构作构作宾语。30 They have just come here to get down to_the roads.Arepair Bhaving
85、 repairedCbeing repaired Drepairing答答案案:D本本题题意意:他他们刚刚来来到到这儿儿从从事事修修路路工工作作。get down to sth/doing sth表表示示“开开始始做做某某事事;开开始始认真真注注意意(或或对待待)某某事事”;其其中中to为介介词,后后面面应该接接动名名词作作宾语;此此外外,逻辑主主语they和和repaire构构成成逻辑上上的的主主动关关系,所以用系,所以用动名名词的一般式。的一般式。Unit 5 The power of nature人教版英语同学们来学校和回家的路上要注意安全来学校和回家的路上要注意安全Unit 5 The power of nature人教版英语同学们来学校和回家的路上要注意安全来学校和回家的路上要注意安全