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1、By : UnaLesson 39 Lesson 39 Am I all right?Am I all right? 1沐风教资New words and expressions:operation n. 手术手术successful adj. 成功的成功的following adj. 下一个下一个patient n. 病人病人alone adj. 独自的独自的exchange n. （电话的）交换台（电话的）交换台inquire v. 询问，打听询问，打听certain adj. 某个某个caller n. 打电话的人打电话的人relative n. 亲戚亲戚2沐风教资1.operation
2、,preinn.手术,运转,操作Ihadanoperationon myheart.我做了一次心脏手术。bring/putinto operation = come into operation实施实施(法律，计划等法律，计划等)、运作运作(机械等机械等)、开始运转、开始运转operatepreitv.1)操纵,操作(机械等),运作,运转=control,rune.goperate the lift2)经营,管理=run,managee.goperate a company3)operateonsbfor因而给做手术做手术3沐风教资successfuladj. 成功的,结果圆满的,顺利的,(考
3、试)及格的,发运的,功成名就的p反义词：failed feild / unsuccessfulpSheisasuccessfulbusinesswoman.psuccessn.成功failurefeiljpsucceedv.成功failfeil4沐风教资following flui 1) adj. 接着的 = next e.g. Answer the following questions. in the following year2) prep. 在（某事）以后；由于Following the meeting, coffee will be served 5沐风教资4. patient p
4、eint1) n.（让医生诊治的）病人The hospital has a lot of patients. insane patients 精神病人2) adj.有耐心的，能忍受的，能容忍的 反义词：impatientbe patient with sb 对某人有耐心be patient of sth 对某事有耐心You should be more patient with others.6沐风教资5. alone lunadj.单独的; 独一无二的; 独自的;adv.单独地; 独自地; 孤独地; 只，只有;alone 用作形容词，通常只是表示客观上的一个人或没有外人，而不表示寂寞或孤独等
5、感情色彩。lonely 表示“寂寞的”、“孤寂的”，带有较强感情色彩。lonely lunli adj. 寂寞的，孤独的 Im living alone but I dont feel lonely. 我一个人住，但是不觉得孤独。7沐风教资6. exchange1) n. 互换，交换，交流，交易Is five apples for five eggs a fair exchange? 五只苹果换五只鸡蛋是一笔公平的交易吗？2) n. 兑换；汇率；交流the exchange of dollars for pounds 把美元兑换成英镑the rate of exchange / the exc
6、hange rate 汇率3) n. 交易所the Stock Exchange 证券交易所4) n. 电话交换台 (telephone exchange)5) v. 交换，互换（问候等）Mary exchanged seats with John. 玛丽和约翰交换座位。I often exchange information with him. 我常与他交流信息。8沐风教资7. inquire inkwai v. 询问，查询 (比ask正式)inquire sth of sb 向某人询问某事inquire about sb/sth = ask for information 打听消息He i
7、nquired of the policeman the way. 他向那个警察询问道路。inquire sbs name 询问某人的名字inquiry inkwairi n. 询问询问 I made inquiries about the lost dog in all the stores Ive visited. 我在所有我去过的商店里打听我丢失的狗9沐风教资8. certain s:tn1) adj. 确定的，有把握的，常可与确定的，有把握的，常可与sure通用通用They are sure/certain to be late. 他们一定会迟到的。注意：注意：certain的语气比的
8、语气比 sure强。当强。当 it作主语，只用作主语，只用 certainIt is certain that theyll be late. 他们会迟到，这一点是确定的。2) adj.(未指明真实名称的未指明真实名称的)某一个某一个,(说出名称但不很熟悉的说出名称但不很熟悉的)某一个某一个,一位姓一位姓的人，置于名字前。的人，置于名字前。 A certain Mr.Brown called while you were out. 你不在时，一位姓布朗的先生曾打电话来过。 for a certain reason = for some reason 由于某种原因10沐风教资9. caller
9、n. 打电话的人call v.1) 叫，喊call out to sb for sth 因某事向某人大声喊叫2) 给取名call the baby Sophia 管这个孩子叫索菲娅3)call at 拜访某地 call on 拜访某人 call off 取消 call box 公共电话亭11沐风教资10. relative reltiv 1) n. 亲戚，亲属a close/near relative 近亲a distant relative 远亲2) adj. 相关的the facts relative to the problem 与这个问题相关的事实3) adj. 相对的 They ar
10、e living in relative comfort. 他们住的相对比较舒适。 relationship rileinip n.关系, 联系12沐风教资 While John Gilbert was in hospital, he asked his doctor to tell him whether his operation had been successful, but the doctor refused to do so. The following day, the patient asked for a bedside telephone. When he was alo
11、ne, he telephoned the hospital exchange and asked for Doctor Millington. When the doctor answered the phone, Mr. Gilbert said he was inquiring about a certain patient, a Mr. John Gilbert. He asked if Mr. Gilberts operation had been successful and the doctor told him that it had been. He then asked w
12、hen Mr. Gilbert would be allowed to go home and the doctor told him that he would have to stay in hospital for another two weeks. Then Dr. Millington asked the caller if he was a relative of the patient. No, the patient answered, I am Mr. John Gilbert.13沐风教资14沐风教资1. While John Gilbert was in hospita
13、l, he asked his doctor to tell him whether his operation had been successful, but the doctor refused to do so.while adj.当当.的时候，和的时候，和.同时，同时，另一方面另一方面He watched TV while he was eating.He watched TV while eating. 他一边吃饭一边看电视。他一边吃饭一边看电视。I earn only 50 dollars a week, while she earns 80 dollars. 我每周只挣我每周只
14、挣50美元，而她挣美元，而她挣80美元。美元。in hospital 住院refuse to do 拒绝做某事The machine refused to start. 这台机器运转不了。15沐风教资so在这里是代词，代替前面的动词不定式（to tell him whether）。它一般出现believe，do，expect，hope，say，tell，think，appear 等之后：I am afraid so. I believe so. I think so. It seems so.16沐风教资2.The following day, the patient asked for a
15、bedside telephone.the following day = the next day 第二天bedside1) adj. 床边的，枕边的bedside table 船头柜bedside lamp 床头灯 2) n. 床边 She was unable to be at his bedside when he died. 他去世时，她没有能在他床边。17沐风教资3. When he was alone, he telephoned the hospital exchange and asked for Doctor Millington.when he was alone 当他一
16、个人的时候当他一个人的时候 on his own18沐风教资4. When the doctor answered the phone, Mr. Gilbert said he was inquiring about a certain patient, a Mr. John Gilbert.answer the phone 接电话answer a letter 回信answer a question 回答问题answer sb 回答某人answer back 顶嘴19沐风教资5. He asked if Mr. Gilberts operation had been successful a
17、nd the doctor told him that it had been.原句：- Was Mr. Gilberts operation successful?- Yes, it was.20沐风教资6. He then asked when Mr. Gilbert would be allowed to go home and the doctor told him that he would have to stay in hospital for another two weeks.两个宾语从句，还原为直接引语：“When will Mr. Gilbert be allowed t
18、o go home?” he asked.“He will have to stay in hospital for another two weeks.” The doctor said.another1) adj. 另一个，类似的，别的 another two weeks2) pron.另一个人或事物one child after another 孩子们一个接一个risk ones life for another 为别人冒生命危险21沐风教资7. Then Dr. Millington asked the caller if he was a relative of the patien
19、t. No, the patient answered, I am Mr. John Gilbert.原句：原句：Then Dr. Millington asked, “Are you a relative of the patient? ”22沐风教资Grammarn直接引语直接引语 and 间接引语间接引语n一、在日常交流中，有时我们需要引述别一、在日常交流中，有时我们需要引述别人的话。直接引用别人的原话（放在引号人的话。直接引用别人的原话（放在引号内）就是内）就是直接引语直接引语，用自己的话转述别人，用自己的话转述别人的话叫的话叫间接引语间接引语。23沐风教资n二、直接引语转换成间接引语
20、时，转移过程应注意下二、直接引语转换成间接引语时，转移过程应注意下列变化：列变化：n1）动词）动词 n间接引语主句动词主要有间接引语主句动词主要有say, ask , tell, wonder等。等。He said to mum, “I can do house work for you.”He told mum that he could do housework for her.She said to me, “Do you like milk?”She asked me if I liked milk.24沐风教资n2)句式/连词25沐风教资n陈述句：陈述句：say +that从句从句
21、tell+ sb. +that从句从句nShesaidtome:Iwillcamebackanhourago.nShetoldme(shesaidtome)thatshehadcomebackanhourbefore.26沐风教资n一般疑问句一般疑问句：ask/wonder + whether/ if+从句从句nShesaid,AreyougoinginterestedinEnglish.nHeask(me)if/whetherIwasinterestedinEnglish.n选择疑问句选择疑问句：ask/wonder + whether+or/or notnIaskedhim,“willyo
22、ustayathomeorgotoafilmtonight?nIaskhimwhetherhewouldstayathomeorgotoafilmthatnight.n反意疑问句反意疑问句：ask/wonder + whether/if +从句从句nYouvealreadygotwell,haventyou?sheasked.nSheaskedwhether/ifhe(I)hadalreadygotwell.n特殊疑问句特殊疑问句：ask+ sb.+特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+从句从句nHeaskme,“Whatsyourname?”（疑问语序）nHeaskedmewhatmynamewas.（陈述
23、语序）27沐风教资n祈使句：祈使句：ask/tell/advice/+ sb.+ (not) to do sth suggest that+从句从句 nHesaidtome“shutthewindow,please”（肯定句）nHeaskmetoshutthewindow.nHesaid,“Dontmakesomuchnoise”（否定句）nHetoldusnottomakesomuchnoise.n“Letsgotothecinema.“Tomsaid.（表建议）nTomsuggestedthattheyshouldgotothecinema.n感叹句：感叹句： What或或that引导引导
24、nShesaid,“Whatalovelydayitis!nShesaidwhatalovelydayitwas.nShesaidthatitwasalovelyday.nHesaid,“Howinterestingthestoryis!nShesaidhowinterestingthestorywas.nHesaidthatthestorywasinteresting.28沐风教资直接引语转换成间接引语“闯五关”n第一关：人称代词与指示代词n直接引语变间接引语时，要注意人称代词和指示代词的变化。要根据说话的对象进行人称的变化，并使句子的意思前后一致。如：n“Youshouldbecarefu
25、lnexttime，”myfathersaidtome.nMyfathertoldmethatIshouldbecarefulnexttime.nTomsaidtome,“IcanhelpyouwithyourEnglish.”nTomtoldmethathecouldhelpmewithmyEnglish.nHesaid,“Thisbookisntmine.”nHesaidthatbookwasnthis.29沐风教资指示代词、时间状语、地点状语、方向性动词的变化30沐风教资n第二关：引导词第二关：引导词n1.如果直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语时，要用连词that来引导。如：nShesaid
26、,“Imverygladtohavesuchachance.”nShe said that she was very glad to have such a chance.n2.如果直接引语是一般疑问句，变成间接引语时，要用连词if或whether引导。如：nHeaskedme,“Doyoulikethefilm?”nHe asked me if/whether I liked the film.n3.如果直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语时，要用相应的疑问词引导。如：nMysisteraskedme,“Whatareyoudoing?”nMy sister asked me what I w
27、as doing.31沐风教资n第三关：时间状语和地点状语第三关：时间状语和地点状语n直接引语变间接引语时，时间状语和地点状语等要做相应的变化。如把now改为then,today改为thatday,yesterday改为thedaybefore,ago改为before,tomorrow改为thenextday,here改为there等。nHesaid,“Illgotheretoday.”nHe said that he would go there that day.32沐风教资n第四关：时态的变化第四关：时态的变化n直接引语变间接引语时，如果主句为现在（或将来）时态，间接引语的时态不变；如果
28、主句为过去时态，间接引语中的谓语动词也要相应地用过去时态。如：nHesays,“IamgoingtoBeijingtomorrow.”nHesaysthatheisgoingtoBeijingtomorrow.nShesaidtome,“LiPingwillcometomorrow.”nShetoldmethatLiPingwouldcomethenextday.n温馨提示温馨提示：如果转述的内容是客观真理时，自然现象或是谚语、格言时态不变。如：nHesaid,“Waterboilsat100.”nHesaidthatwaterboilsat100.33沐风教资n主句（直接引语）是一般现在时，
29、间接引语时态不变；n主句是一般过去时，间接引语时态要改为相应的过去时。34沐风教资n第五关：句子结构的变化第五关：句子结构的变化n直接引语变间接引语时，间接引语要用陈陈述句的语序述句的语序。引导词要放在间接引语的最前面，接下来按“主谓宾”顺序排列。即：直接引语转换成间接引语时用陈述语序nHeaskedMike,“Wheredidyougo?”nHe asked Mike where he had gone.35沐风教资1.“Youvealreadygotwell,haventyou?”sheasked.Sheasked_.A.ifIhavealreadygotwell,hadntyouB.wh
30、etherIhadalreadygotwellC.haveIalreadygotwellD.hadIalreadygotwell.2.Heasked,“AreyouaPartymemberoraLeaguemember?”Heaskedme_.A.amIaPartymemberoraLeaguememberB.wasIaPartymemberoraLeaguememberC.ifIwasaPartymemberoraLeaguememberD.whetherwasIaPartymemberoraLeaguemember.36沐风教资3.Heasked,“Howareyougettingalon
31、g?”Heasked_.A.howamIgettingalongB.howareyougettingalongC.howIwasgettingalongD.howwasIgettingalong4.Heaskedme_withme.A.whatthematterisB.whatthematerwasC.whatsthematterD.whatwasthematter37沐风教资n5.Hesaid,“Dontdothatagain.”He_me_thatagain.A.saidto;nottodoB.saidto;dontdoC.told;dontdoD.told;nottodon6.Canyo
32、umakesure_?A.thathewillcomeheretodayB.whenhewillcomeheretodayC.willhecomeheretodayD.whetherwillhecomeheretodayn7.Doyouhappentoknow_?A.whereisheraddressB.inwhichplaceisheraddressC.whatheraddressisD.theplaceheraddressis38沐风教资n8.Excuseme,butcanyoutellme_?A.wherecanIgettothelibraryB.whereIcangettothelibraryC.howcanIgettothelibraryD.howIcangettothelibraryn9.Johnaskedme_tovisithisunclesfarmwithhim.A.howwouldIlikeB.ifornotwouldIlikeC.whetherIwouldlikeD.whichIwouldliken10.Idliketoknow_Chinese.A.whenhebegantolearnB.whendidhebegintolearnC.whendidhebeginlearningD.forhowlonghebegantolearn39沐风教资
