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1、1. aidFirst aid is a temporary form of help given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found. (P33)急急救救就就是是在在找找到到医医生生之之前前给予予突突然然生生病病或或受受伤的的人人的的一一种种临时性的帮助。性的帮助。A concert was given in aid of the flooded areas. 为了帮助洪了帮助洪涝灾区，灾区，举行了一次音行了一次音乐会。会。He is a warm-hearted man
2、 who has aided many poor people. 他是个已帮助了他是个已帮助了许多多穷苦人的苦人的热心人。心人。The old man was walking along the road slowly with the aid of his stick. 那位老人拄着拐杖沿着街慢慢地走。那位老人拄着拐杖沿着街慢慢地走。They aided us in solving/to solve the problem. 他他们帮助我帮助我们解决了解决了这个个问题。aid作名作名词，意，意为：帮助，援助，帮助，援助，资助助with the aid of. . . 在在的帮助下的帮助下in
3、 aid of为了帮助了帮助aid作作动词，意，意为：帮助，援助，帮助，援助，资助助aid sb. in doing sth. 在在方面帮助某人方面帮助某人aid sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事帮助某人做某事help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事帮助某人做某事 help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事帮助某人做某事assist in sth. /doing sth. 帮助做某事帮助做某事单句改句改错The family lived on government aids for two years. _We may travel on/under t
4、he aid of a good map. _Weve aided him finish the work ahead of time. _答案：答案：aidsaid on/underwithfinishto finish或或in finishing完成句子完成句子 With the aid of (在在的帮助下的帮助下)our teachers, we have made great progress in English. (aid)They collect money in aid of (为帮助帮助)the poor. (aid)We were greatly _ in our inv
5、estigation by the cooperation of the police. A. exposedB. aidedC. submittedD. switched【解解析析】选B。句句意意：通通过与与警警察察合合作作，我我们在在调查研研究究中中得得到到了了他他们的的大大力力帮帮助助。expose使使暴暴露露； aid帮帮助助、援援助助，可可构构成成短短语“aid sb. in doing sth. ”； submit递交交、呈呈递；switch开关、开关、转换。The young nurse was very nervous when she _ in the first opera
6、tion. A. resistedB. insistedC. restrictedD. assisted【解解析析】选D。句句意意：这个个年年轻的的护士士首首次次帮帮忙忙做做手手术时非非常常紧张。resist抵抵抗抗，反反抗抗；insist坚持持；restrict限限制制、约束束；assist帮助，以助手的地位去帮助，以助手的地位去协助某人完成某事。助某人完成某事。2. fall illYou will fall ill if you lack sleep. 如如果果你你缺缺乏乏睡睡眠眠，你你会会生生病病的。的。fall ill意意为：生病生病fall down跌倒，滑倒跌倒，滑倒fall o
7、ver摔倒，跌倒摔倒，跌倒fall behind落后落后fall asleep睡着睡着fall off掉落掉落fall in love with爱上上Tom has been ill for one week. 汤姆已姆已经病了一周了。病了一周了。As she the _ newspaper, Granny _ asleep. A. read; was fallingB. was reading; fellC. was reading; was fallingD. read; fell【解解析析】选B。由由句句意意“在在她她读着着报纸的的时候候，奶奶奶奶睡睡着着了了”可知答案可知答案为B。fa
8、ll asleep是瞬是瞬间动词词组，不可以用，不可以用进行行时。How long has your grandma _? About three months. A. fallen illB. been illC. fall illD. be ill【解解析析】选B。fall ill是是非非延延续性性的的动词短短语，因因此此不不可可与与一一段段时间连用。用。3. injuryOften the illness or injury is not serious, but there are other times when giving first aid quickly can save l
9、ives. (P33)通通常常这种种病病或或伤害害都都不不是是太太严重重，但但在在一一些些其其他他情情况况下下迅迅速速给予急救就能挽救生命。予急救就能挽救生命。Smoking does an injury to his health. 吸吸烟烟的的确确对他他的的健健康康有有害。害。Dont injure yourself with that tool. 不要不要让那工具那工具伤害到你。害到你。He got injured in a traffic accident. 他他在在一一次次交交通通事事故故中中受受了了伤。injury 作名作名词，意，意为：损伤，伤害害do an injury to
10、sb. 对某人造成某人造成伤害害injure 作作动词，意，意为：损伤，伤害害get injured负伤，受，受伤根据根据语境用所境用所给词的适当形式填空。的适当形式填空。Some people were injured in an accident yesterday, and the injury was serious. The people present took the injured to the hospital nearby quickly. (injury)Dont be so vain, or you will do a great injury _ yourself s
11、ooner or later. A. inB. toC. onD. at【解析解析】选B。句意：不要那么自。句意：不要那么自负，否，否则你你迟早会早会给自己自己带来来伤害的。害的。do an injury to sb. 意意为“对某人造成某人造成伤害害”。At the pub, Ryan removed his shirt and showed his old war _ to us. 2012宁波高二宁波高二检测A. hurtB. woundC. injuryD. damage【解解析析】选B。考考查词义辨辨析析。hurt 与与injury 都都可可指指意意外外的的伤害害；damage指指损
12、失失，损害害；wound特特指指战场上上的的受受伤，因因此此选B。选词填空选词填空(injure/hurt/wound)Ten soldiers were killed and thirty seriously wounded . He was deeply hurt by her dishonesty. In the traffic accident ten were killed and eight were injured . 4. poisonYou have three layers of skin which act as a barrier against disease，poi
13、sons and the suns harmful rays. (P33)皮皮肤肤有有三三层，像像是是屏屏障障, 可可以以防防病病、防防毒毒、抵抵御御有有害害的的太太阳阳光光线。Gases from cars are poisoning the air of our cities. 汽汽车放出的放出的废气在气在污染我染我们城市的空气。城市的空气。poison 作名作名词，意，意为：毒毒药，毒害，毒害poison 作作动词，意，意为：毒害，使中毒毒害，使中毒She was bitten on the ankle by a poisonous snake. 她被一她被一条毒蛇咬中了脚踝。条毒蛇咬中
14、了脚踝。(poisonous 作形容作形容词，意，意为：引起中毒引起中毒的，有毒的的，有毒的 )The person who is poisoned should be sent to the hospital at once. 中毒的人中毒的人应该马上被送往医院。上被送往医院。(poisoned 作形容作形容词，意，意为：中毒的，中中毒的，中过毒的毒的 )用用poison，poisonous，poisoned填空填空Some villagers are poisoned by eating this kind of white poisonous mushrooms. 一些村民因一些村民因为
15、吃了吃了这种白色的毒蘑菇而中毒。种白色的毒蘑菇而中毒。Small quantities of poison were detected in the dead mans stomach. 在死者胃中找到了少量的毒在死者胃中找到了少量的毒药。To avoid breathing in poisonous gas，they didnt move into the newly decorated house immediately. 为避免吸入有毒气体，他避免吸入有毒气体，他们没有立即搬到新装修的房子里。没有立即搬到新装修的房子里。Selfishness is a _ that is spreadi
16、ng through the society. A. drugB. wasteC. poisonD. threat【解析解析】选C。句意：自私是正在社会蔓延的一种毒。句意：自私是正在社会蔓延的一种毒药。poison毒毒药；drug药；waste浪浪费；threat威威胁。5. squeeze out(P34)She squeezed the water out of her swimming suit. 她把泳衣的水她把泳衣的水挤出来。出来。The room was crowded, but I managed to squeeze in. 房房间已已经挤满了人了人, 不不过我我还是是设法法挤
17、了了进去。去。squeeze out 意意为：榨出，榨出，挤出出squeeze sth. from/out of. . . 意意为：从从挤(榨榨)出出squeeze in/into 意意为：挤入入Then wash it with clean water that is a little warm. Gently squeeze out (挤出出)the extra water. The train was full but I managed to squeeze in (挤进)anyway. He was so fat that he could only just _ the door.
18、 A. squeeze ofB. squeeze throughC. squeeze outD. squeeze onto【解解析析】选B。句句意意：他他太太胖胖了了，仅仅只只能能从从门口口挤过去去。此此题要要结合合语言言环境，境，“从从门里通里通过”，要用介，要用介词through。Time is like the water in the sponge. If you like，it can still be _. A. squeezed outB. picked outC. left outD. wore out 【解解析析】选A。squeeze out挤出出；pick out挑挑出出；
19、leave out空空出出，遗漏漏；wear out穿穿破破，耗耗尽尽。句句意意：时间就就像像海海绵里里的的水。只要愿水。只要愿挤，总还是有的。是有的。6. in placeHold the bandage in place with tape. (P35)用用胶胶布布把把绷带固固定定好。好。I wish everything could be in place . 我希望所有的我希望所有的东西都放在合适的地方。西都放在合适的地方。I dont think his advice in place . 我我认为他的意他的意见不正确。不正确。in place意为：意为：在适当的位置，适当在适当的位
20、置，适当be in/out of order 有条理有条理/无条理，坏了无条理，坏了be in/out of control 正常正常/失控失控be in/out of danger 有危险有危险/脱离危险脱离危险in place of. . . 代替，取代代替，取代take the place of=take ones place 代替，取代代替，取代give place to 被被取代，让位于取代，让位于out of place 不在适当的位置，不合适不在适当的位置，不合适What you said at the meeting was not quite _. To many audie
21、nces, it was totally _. A. in the place; out of the placeB. in place; out of placeC. in the place; out of placeD. in place; out of the place【解解析析】选B。句句意意：在在会会议上上你你所所说的的不不是是十十分分正正确确，对许多多的的观众众来来讲，那那是是完完全全不不合合适适的的。in place在在适适当当的的位位置置，适适当当；in/out of the place不不是是固固定定短短语；out of place不不在在适适当的位置，不合适。当的位置，
22、不合适。Its a good habit to keep everything _ in your study. A. in the wayB. in placeC. in handD. in case【解解析析】选B。考考查短短语辨辨析析。句句意意：把把书房房里里的的所所有有物物品品都都放放在在适适当当的的位位置置是是个个好好习惯。in the way阻阻碍碍，挡道道；in place放放在在适适当当的的位位置置；in hand在在手手头，在在进行行中中；in case万万一，如果。一，如果。7. pourSam broke the blisters and poured icy water
23、 from the fridge onto the skin. (P35)山姆弄破了水泡，把从冰箱里拿出来的冰水倒在皮肤上。山姆弄破了水泡，把从冰箱里拿出来的冰水倒在皮肤上。The chimney was pouring out black smoke. 烟囱里冒出烟囱里冒出滚滚黑烟。黑烟。If you pour your heart and soul into what you do，youre sure to be successful! 如如果果你你能能把把全全部部身身心心都都投投入入到到你你所所做做的的事事情情中中，你你一一定定能能成成功！功！It never rains but it
24、 pours. 不下不下则已，下已，下则倾盆大雨。盆大雨。pour可作及物和不及物可作及物和不及物动词，意，意为：倒，灌，注，涌，倒，灌，注，涌，下大雨下大雨pour ones heart and soul into sth. 意意为：全神全神贯注于注于In developing countries people are _ into overcrowded cities in great numbers. A. breakingB. fillingC. pouringD. hurrying【解解析析】选C。考考查动词辨辨析析。in great numbers表表示示数数量量大大，含含“蜂蜂拥
25、而而入入”之之意意，故故C吻吻合合，A、B、D三三词都都没没有有“大大量量”之意，故排除。之意，故排除。Look! How long _ like this? Three weeks! Its usual here that rain _ without stopping these days of the year. A. has it rained; poursB. has it been raining; poursC. is it raining; is pouringD. does it rain; pours【解解析析】选B。结合合pour考考查时态。由由how long判判断断问
26、句句需需要要用用进行行时态；由由Its usual here 及及these days of the year判判断答句用一般断答句用一般现在在时。8. You can get burned by a variety of things: hot liquids, steam, fire, radiation (by being close to high heat or fire, etc), the sun, electricity or chemicals. (P34) 你可能由于不同的原因而灼你可能由于不同的原因而灼伤：灼：灼热的液体、水蒸气、火、的液体、水蒸气、火、辐射射(由于靠近高
27、温或火等由于靠近高温或火等)、太阳、太阳、电或化学物品。或化学物品。 “get +p. p. ”结构中构中get已已经失去了原来的意失去了原来的意义，而接近，而接近be的的功能。但同功能。但同“be+ p. p. ”相比，它更相比，它更强强调动作的作的结果，体果，体现动作性，含有被作性，含有被动意意义，但不，但不强强调被被动。She got badly injured in the accident. 她在她在这次事故中受了重次事故中受了重伤。I know they are married, but I dont know when they got married. 我知道他我知道他们结婚了
28、，但是我不知道他婚了，但是我不知道他们什么什么时候候结的婚。的婚。get burned烧伤/烫伤；get lost迷迷路路；get hurt受受伤；get lost迷迷路路；get paid拿拿工工资；get married结婚婚；get killed被被杀死死；get separated分分散散；get damaged遭遭到到破破坏坏；get drowned被被淹淹死死； get dressed穿穿衣衣服服；get caught in陷陷入入/遭遭到到；get broken破碎了破碎了/断了断了用所用所给词的正确形式完成句子的正确形式完成句子Though the employees work
29、ed very hard, they often couldnt get paid on time. (pay)The couple got married last year. (marry)His reputation didnt get damaged for his careless remark. (damage)The glass of the window was broken by that naughty boy. (break)When you get lost , you can judge the direction by the sun. (lose)Be caref
30、ul when you cross this very busy street. If not, you may _ run over by a car. A. haveB. getC. becomeD. turn【解解析析】选B。句句意意：穿穿过这条条繁繁忙忙的的街街道道时，务必必要要小小心心，否否则你你会会被被汽汽车轧着着的的。“get +及及物物动词的的过去去分分词”是是被被动语态的的一一种种表表达达形形式式，多多用用于于口口语中中，常常用用来来表表示示突突然然、偶偶然、意外然、意外发生的情况，而其余各生的情况，而其余各项则不能构成被不能构成被动语态。1. causecauses of
31、burns (P34)烧伤的原因的原因His illness caused him to miss the game. 生病使得他生病使得他错过了那了那场比比赛。The boy caused his teacher a lot of trouble. 男孩男孩给他的老他的老师带来了来了许多麻多麻烦。cause作名作名词，意，意为：原因，起因原因，起因cause 作作动词，意，意为：导致，引起，成致，引起，成为的原因的原因cause sb. to do sth. 使某人做某事使某人做某事cause sb. sth. = cause sth. to sb. 给某人某人带来来用用reason/cau
32、se/excuse填空填空The cause of the fire was carelessness. Tell us your reason for changing the plan. Too much work is no excuse for absence. 句子翻译句子翻译Ice on the road was the cause of the accident. 路上结冰是造成车祸的原因。路上结冰是造成车祸的原因。是什么引起了那次事故？是什么引起了那次事故？What caused the accident? After the meeting they carried out
33、a research into the _ of the damage to avoid a similar one. A. endsB. resultsC. effectsD. causes【解析解析】选D。考。考查名名词辨析。句意：会辨析。句意：会议之后他之后他们展开了展开了对破坏起因的研究以避免破坏起因的研究以避免类似的破坏。似的破坏。the cause of 的起的起因因/原因。原因。The lack of eco-friendly habits among the public is thought to be a major _ of global climate change.
34、2011福建高考福建高考A. resultB. causeC. warningD. reflection【解解析析】选B。考考查名名词辨辨析析。result 结果果；cause 起起因因，原原因因；warning 警警告告；reflection 反反映映。句句意意：公公众众缺缺乏乏环保保的的好好习惯被被认为是全球气候是全球气候变化的一个主要原因。化的一个主要原因。2. swellFirst degree burnsdry，red and mildly swollen(P34)一一度度烧伤：干干燥燥，发红，微微肿The heavy rain swelled the river. 大雨使河水上大雨
35、使河水上涨。swell作作动词，意，意为：(使使)膨膨胀，隆起，隆起过去式是：去式是：swelled ；过去分去分词是：是：swollen (作形容作形容词时，意意为：肿胀的的 )翻翻译句子句子His knee began to swell after his fall. 他跌倒后膝盖他跌倒后膝盖肿了起来。了起来。Wood often swells when wet. 当受潮当受潮时，木，木头会膨会膨胀。她的腿她的腿肿得很得很厉害。害。Her leg has swollen badly. 3. over and over againMany students may ask this ques
36、tion over and over again，especially those who are not good at English. 很很多多学学生生可可能能会会反复地反复地问这个个问题，尤其是那些英，尤其是那些英语水平不高的学生。水平不高的学生。over and over again意意为：反复，多次反复，多次翻翻译句子句子She kissed her baby over and over again and then left. 她一遍又一遍地她一遍又一遍地亲吻她的孩子然后离开了。吻她的孩子然后离开了。If you fail again and again，please dont
37、give up. Success will not be far. 如果你一次又一次地失如果你一次又一次地失败了，了，请不要放弃。成功就在前方不不要放弃。成功就在前方不远处。Time and again, however, hopes have turned out to be failures. 然而，一次又一次，希望最然而，一次又一次，希望最终成成为了失了失败。 What to do if a fire starts? Imagine its late at night. You hear the smoke detectors go off. You smell smoke when y
38、ou wake up. Do you know what to do? If a fire starts in your home, remember your escape plan and leave as quickly as possible. Keep the following things in mind to make a safe escape. ACall “Fire! ” to warn everyone in your family. If you know where the fire is, close as many doors as possible betwe
39、en you and the fire. If youre in bed, roll out of bed and onto the floor. Crawl on the floor next to a wall. Being near the ground makes it easier to breathe. If possible, cover your mouth and nose with a wet cloth. Feel the entire surface of a door before you open it. If the door is warm or hot, do
40、 not open it. The fire is probably right outside your room. Find another way to leave the room. If the door is cool, open it a little. Look out and try to see the fire. If it is safe, leave the room. Remember to stay on the floor. If your clothes catch fire, stop immediately. Drop to the ground and
41、roll. Remember：Stop, drop and roll. Call the fire department from outside and wait for help to arrive. 1What is the first thing you should do if a fire starts in your home? ACall the fire department. BCall“Fire! ”to warn your family members. CCollect your favorite belongings to save from the burning
42、 house. DHave a white sheet from a window to let the fire department know where to go. 【解解析析】选B。细节理理解解题。文文章章提提到到了了七七步步火火中中逃逃生生的的措措施施，其其中中第第一一步步即即是是把把火火情情告告知知家家人人。而而A项是是从从家家里里逃逃生生之后才之后才发生的。生的。C、D两两项没有在文章中涉及。没有在文章中涉及。2What should you do if a fire starts and you are in bed? AJump out of bed and run awa
43、y. BRoll out of bed and stand on the floor. CStay in bed and then jump out of the window. DRoll out of bed and onto the floor. 【解解析析】选D。细节理理解解题。由由文文章章的的第第三三步步逃逃生生措措施施中中的的“If youre in bed, roll out of bed and onto the floor. ”可可知知答答案案选D。3What is NOT true according to the passage? ANever go back into
44、a burning building. BIf your clothes catch fire, stop moving immediately. CYou should call the fire department before you leave the burning building. DCover your mouth and nose with a wet cloth if possible. 【解解析析】选C。推推理理判判断断题。由由文文章章的的最最后后一一句句话“Call the fire department from outside and wait for help
45、to arrive. ”可可知答案知答案C本身是本身是错误的。的。 In most towns today, you can see teenagers standing over electronic machines with flashing lights, shooting at spaceships from other planets and dropping bombs on strange monsters(恶魔魔). The machines have names like Space Warrior, Dark Invader and so on. It used to b
46、e believed that damage was done only to those strange visitors from outer space, but now it seems that they are striking back. B Many teenagers like electronic games so much that they cant stop playing. They spend hours tightly holding the joystick controls and constantly pressing buttons marked “fi
47、re”. They develop pains on their fingers because of the constant pressure. They play and play that the pains have no chance to cure properly. The rapid wrist movement required to guide the spaceship across the screen causes another problem: The muscles of the wrist and arm become so inflamed and swo
48、llen(充充血血红肿) that they press against the bones. This condition is what doctors now call “Space Warriors Wrist”. Other strange aches and pains also are likely to affect the elbows and shoulders. Another even more alarming problem is shown by the case of a 17-year-old girl which was recently reported
49、in the British Medical Journal. She had been playing various kinds of electronic games for more than two hours a day. Her father repaired games and machines and she could use the cassettes and systems in his workshop as often as she liked. One day, after playing a game called Dark Invader, she lost
50、consciousness(意意识) and fell to the floor. Doctors who examined her found she was suffering from an unusual illness caused by lights flashing at a particular frequency. 4. Electronic games are found very popular with _. A. people living in townsB. students studying in high schoolsC. girls working in
51、their fathers workshopsD. young people【解解析析】选D。细节理理解解题。根根据据首首段段In most towns today, you can see teenagers standing. . . 可知答案可知答案选 D。5. “Space Warriors Wrist” is caused by _. A. constantly pressing the buttonsB. rapidly moving across the screenC. tightly holding the joystick controlsD. inflamed and s
52、wollen muscles of the wrist【解解析析】选A。细节理理解解题。 根根据据第第二二段段 They develop pains on their fingers because of the constant pressure. . . This condition is what doctors now call “Space Warriors Wrist”. 可知其根源是不停地按按可知其根源是不停地按按钮，故，故选答案答案 A。6. The case of a 17-year-old girl given by the writer shows that the wr
53、iter _. A. supports playing electronic gamesB. feels very sorry for the girlC. disagrees with young peoples playing electronic gamesD. feels worried about young peoples poor health【解解析析】选C。推推理理判判断断题。根根据据Another even more alarming problem is shown by the case of a 17-year-old girl which was recently
54、reported in the British Medical Journal. 可可知知作作者者把把这个个情情况况称称为更更加加令令人人惊惊恐恐的的，显示示了了作作者者不不赞同同青少年玩青少年玩电子游子游戏，故，故选 C。7. From the passage we can conclude that playing electronic games is _. A. enjoyable and helpful to the studyB. exciting but harmful to the health and studyC. interesting but harmless to the eyesD. amusing and satisfying【解解析析】选B。推推理理判判断断题。阅读全全文文可可知知玩玩电子子游游戏的的主主要要是是正正处于于长身身体体和和学学习阶段段的的青青少少年年，玩玩电子子游游戏富富于于刺刺激激性性，但但是是侵侵占占了了学学习时间，还会会得得 “Space Warriors Wrist” 等病，等病，损害了身体健康，故害了身体健康，故选答案答案 B。同学们来学校和回家的路上要注意安全同学们来学校和回家的路上要注意安全
