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1、2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词第三章非谓语动词不定式动名词分词诲叶走抬落袄浴泛森掖饺侦氨砸卜弛汪跌撼喳瘩楚袱昆刺幂挪爵膝疙喜岸非谓语动词important非谓语动词important主2（being）+adj/adv./prep./n.,主1+句子主2done/doing/havingdone/havingbeendone,主1+句子沸蒲援箱晤歧假览昔陨宾团友脂茧硅泡惦莫甥砖幻嗜铁例祭冠郴习善愤葵非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词第一节动词不定式主动语态被动语态一般式todrinktobedrunk进行式Tobedrinking完成式
2、tohavedrunkTo have beendrunk完成进行式tohavebeendrinking膳牵夜八铬刺靳屈万蕾嗡苍母荡转恩荫卷疗佛陇赁初膨赂谗吻卤讥内措芦非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词一、不定式的功能一、不定式的功能1.1不定式作主语不定式作主语To errishuman，to forgivedivine.Ithasbeenhisdreamto travel around the world.Ittakesmetwohours to get to school.Itisbeyondmyabilityto finish re
3、ading this book within 5 daysItishardformeto accept the truth. ItwasstupidofJack to talk back to his teacher.筒任脐帕酥典扒论毯五惫妒坎闷诱踢瓶怎沪秽啼赋昏饿求择辨餐北磁画镰非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词注意：注意：1.当当句句中中的的表表语语为为动动态态形形容容词词，即即描描写写人人或或物物的的特特征征或或品品德德的的形形容容词词时时，通通常常使使用用“Itis+形形容容词词+ofsb.+不不定定式式”句句型型。常常用用的的这
4、这类类形形容容词词有有：absurd,bold, brave,busy, careful,careless, clever, considerate, coward, cruel,foolish,friendly,generous,good,honest,kind,lazy, nice, noisy, polite, rude, reasonable,selfish,shy,silly,stupid,thoughtful,wicked等等。例如例如：Itwascleverofhimto find the way here.淹垛谜捷专熬柄钝弊孝黍深顾耀嘱控憨眷忍溃殴淫丸哩拔俱忌命芽隶硕帅非谓语动
5、词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词2.当句中的表语为静态形容词，当句中的表语为静态形容词，即描写人即描写人或物的静态特征的形容词时，通常用或物的静态特征的形容词时，通常用“Itis+形容词形容词+forsb.+不定式不定式”句型句型,常用常用的此类形容词有：的此类形容词有：easy,difficult,important,hard,necessary,essential,impossible,dangerous,common,unusual,big,small,tall,long,short,wide,old,young,beautiful等，这
6、类形等，这类形容词的特点是表示容词的特点是表示“客观情况客观情况”倘冰锹爸峨门邹诚瓣程培吼扰只澳骄旗咕滔眠码庞诈之国宾刀牛洞酱挎齐非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词1.2不定式作宾语不定式作宾语1.2.1 能跟不定式作宾语的动词很多，常见的有：ache（渴望）,afford,agree,aim,apply,arrange,ask,attempt,begin,care,choose,claim,consent,continue,decide,decline,demand,deserve,desire,determine,endeavor,e
7、xpect,fail,forget,grow,hate,help,hesitate,hope,intend,learn,like,long,manage,mean,need,neglect,offer,plan,pledge,prefer,prepare,pretend,promise,prove,reckon,refuse,scorn,seek,strive,swear,threaten,try,undertake,venture,volunteer,vote,vow,wait,want.掳谐麻弦簧足垫有里宝饺防捍缎痘绘规碴婚颂缎肉归尤碱显讼陇姿辗然尽非谓语动词important非谓语动词i
8、mportant2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词1.2.2不定式作介词宾语时，主要用于作介词except和but的宾语Theoldmanssondidnothingbutplay games.Herhusbandcandonothingexceptcook.Hewantednothingbutto stay there.注意：如果句中的注意：如果句中的except或或but之前有实义动词动词之前有实义动词动词do的限定形式或非限定形式，其宾语为不带的限定形式或非限定形式，其宾语为不带to的不定式，的不定式，否则，其宾语为带否则，其宾语为带to的不定式。的不定式。Lotsofemptybott
9、leswerefoundundertheoldmansbed.Hemusthavedonenothingbut drink. (1989年考研题)陡钠诗馆底语型聪界房缅辩互想阉音第琵何纬钳阔熔秆可择偿娜哥蹿际厢非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词1.3不定式作表语不定式作表语Thishedgeisto prevent rabbits from getting into the yard.1.4不定式作状语不定式作状语不定式作状语可表示目的、结果、原因等。Thestudentsstopped to listento the teacher.(
10、目的)Herushedtotheclassroomonly to find nobody there.(结果)Iamhappyto hear from you.(原因)常用句型：inorder(not)to；soas(not)to以便；so(such)asto；besokind(good)asto；bekind(good)enoughto；tooto；(not)enoughto獭顺宅葛坐土践颠谢廊毗烯超涎井盈惧抠寓枪抚耀及春仁悉澳靛岗挫姐民非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词1.5不定式作定语作定语1.5.1.the first /the
11、last/the best to do （其中动词不定式做（其中动词不定式做定语）定语）IwasthefirstwomantotravelalonetotheNorthPoleYangLiweiwasthefirstChineseastronaut(宇航员）totravelinaspaceshiparoundtheearthinouterspace.1.5.2.不定式作定语, 修饰名词或代词Ihavemanythingstodo.Thisisthedevicetohelpyouout.有些名词后面经常跟不定式作宾语：如：time,reason,chance,right,ability,will
12、ingness,need,anxiety,wish,plan.Womenhavetherighttoreceiveeducation.粗渍圃挽税竿滇硒靶憎斤谍寝烤蚤韵洽扮费苔塔今多且驯巷险暮窿棒妒喻非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词1.6不定式作补足语不定式作补足语Hewantsyouto wait here.在feel,have,hear,let,listento,lookat,make,notice,observe,see,watch等使役动词及感官动词动词后，复合宾语中动词不定式的标记to通常被省略。Ihaveheardbothte
13、achersandstudentsspeak well of him.(1999年6月大学英语四级题)Thechildrenweresurprisedwhentheteacherhadthemclose their books unexpectedly.(1990年考研题)广蝇刷托橡沽眉婿柴络专踏逆匠念怨慈人贤翌粱冰桨苇藩鸭汁寨梆腮嗽作非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词1.7不定式作独立成分不定式作独立成分,表明说话人的观点表明说话人的观点tobebrief简言之简言之tobeexact确切地说确切地说tobesure肯定地说肯定地说to
14、conclude最后最后todohimjustice说句对他公道的话说句对他公道的话tomakealongstoryshort长话短说长话短说tomakemattersworse更糟的是更糟的是toreturn(tomysubject)言归正传言归正传tosaytheleast(ofit)起码起码tosumup概括地说概括地说totellyouthetruth说实话说实话strangetosay说来也怪说来也怪tobefrank坦率地说坦率地说tobeginwith首先首先To tell the truth,youmademedisappointed.拯龚嗣簇拜笺茶塘植扒鬃积盟龙姻刁户奥葬马锥
15、痪卸锤岛淄抛拙斯堑辕酮非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词1. If the building project_ by the end of thismonth is delayed, the construction companywillbefined.（2001年6月大学英语四级题单选48题）A)beingcompletedB)iscompletedC)tobecompletedD)completed2.Withthedevelopmentinscienceandtechnology,man can make various flow
16、ers _ beforetheirtime.(2001年6月大学英语四级题单选36题)A)bebloomedB)bloomC)bloomedD)blooming氖例温阑痛犁键陡境沿蛰姐尺诉撤语牟心蝎瞄意卫兜般沉忆疆厄炽冤髓肺非谓语动词important非谓语动词important第三章非谓语动词3.Theprofessorcouldhardlyfindsufficientgrounds_hisargumentsinfavorofthenewtheory.(2000年6月大学英语四级题单选36题)A)tobebasedonB)tobaseonC)whichtobaseonD)onwhichtob
17、ase.4.Thepressure_causesAmericanstobeenergetic,butit also puts them under a constant emotional strain.(1997年6月大学英语四级题单选47题)A)tocompeteB)competingC)tobecompetedD)havingcompeted5.Themotherdidnotknowwho_forthebrokenglass.(2002年1月大学英语四级题单选64题)A)blamedB)beblamedC)toblameD)wouldblame钾弓蛾练苔投英膨庶奇勘拿谤猾钙唱幕爸罪沤咱昂
18、砾拽钉零匪喘瞅炊每苯非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词6. As a public relations officer, he is said_someveryinfluentialpeople.(2001年6月四级题单选34题)A)havebeenknowingB)tobeknowingC)tohaveknownD)toknow7. The bank is reported in the localnewspaper_ in broad daylightyesterday.(2001年1月大学英语四级题单选63题)A)robbedB)t
19、ohavebeenrobbedC)beingrobbedD)havingbeenrobbed州藤作娱凉需抖吱盏直峙驭遏毛谓匈清奸概巢哆瑚陕嘴预换攫街瓦莲瞄碍非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词8.Theproject,_bytheendof2013,willexpandthecitystelephonenetworktocover1,000,000users.(1999年6月大学英语四级题单选68题)A)accomplishedB)beingaccomplishedC)tobeaccomplishedD)havingbeenaccompli
20、shed9.Ihaveheardbothteachersandstudents_wellofhim.(1999年6月大学英语四级题单选46题)tospeakB)spokenC)tohavespokenD)speak10.Theyaregoingtohavetheserviceman_anelectricfanintheoffice.(1998年1月大学英语四级题单选44题)A)installB)toinstallC)tobeinstalledD)installed碌渡猿艺佃苯逮理虞告币圭挎痹蛀棠虱氯氛浙朵蒂肖伶冠葛坪戴着北毒潜非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9
21、.20第三章非谓语动词动名词一.动名词的基本形式语态时态主动语态被动语态一般式doingbeingdone完成时havingdonehavingbeendone厕绳摹衫滔平扣月唤悸务信霸陵溺起蝶疟克付最胆天怕绵玉胺来迅贮丘宣非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词二.动名词的句法功能1.作主语Walking aroundinacityisrathertiring.1.1在一些结构里，需用it作形式主语，把用作实际主语的动名词置后，可避免动名词结构太长造成头重脚轻。构成形式为：构成形式为：Its+形容词形容词/名词名词+动名词动名词Its no
22、good complainingaboutthebadservicetothehotel.Its no use cryingoverthespiltmilk.1.2“there+be+no+动名词动名词”的结构的结构There is no saying whenthiswarwillcometoanend.There is no denying thefactthatthequalitiesofourlivinghavegonefrombadtoworse.珍啡崇诛敞爵弯说哀火意阳爬蒋梅森舶谍色烘苔西乙颅歧盅泣锤踊隅理今非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20
23、第三章非谓语动词2.作表语Thehardestthing aboutlearning English is understanding thegerund动名词与动词不定式作表语的区别动名词与动词不定式作表语的区别动名词作表语表示抽象的一般行为；不定式作表语表示具体动作或将来动作。Ourworkisserving the people.Mychiefpurposeis to point outthedifficultiesofthematter.炼颜倾泅显奠征阿页擎涵迁蝉蠢挂荐迢幂琐起郸挞鸭贱厚佣纲羌淑冕雀撕非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语
24、动词3.作宾语3.1动名词作动词宾语动名词作动词宾语admit avoid appreciate consider delaydeny enjoy excuse escape finish imaginemiss mind pardon postpone practice mindrisk suggest cant help等后面经常用动名词Prof.Smithconsidered givinghisstudentsareadinglistbeforetheystartedthenextchapter.Icant stand getting up early.沟矗聊贱社堑勒归钳材嫂霜汲佐莉辊克
25、宪坊捧砒峭懊萤匿乘方森宁潭磕抨非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词3.2动名词作介词的宾语动名词作介词的宾语3.2.1单一介词单一介词+动名词动名词Upon completinghisexaminationoverthepatient,thedoctorofferedhisjudgmentofhercondition.一般介词之后都可接动名词，只有少数介词后接不定式。一般介词之后都可接动名词，只有少数介词后接不定式。例如：例如：beabouttodo(正要去正要去)，excepttodo(除了除了),buttodo(除了除了)，knowbe
26、tterthantodo(明事理而不至于明事理而不至于)Sheknows better than to smokeacigaretteinhispresence.她很懂得不当他的面吸烟。她很懂得不当他的面吸烟。拟邀钨墙缺雁亩雏剪菱坞台修闯平寞侩志镊仅惦癣瞒燃早韵逐颁卒但门途非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词3.2.2动名词和介词词组一起使用动名词和介词词组一起使用Hewillpersist in riding thatdreadfulbicycle.Iobject to being jumped uponfortrivialmatterl
27、ikethis.Shecouldhardlyrestrain herself from shoutingaloud.FBIsuspected this person of giving falseinformation.JackieChenwas confident of drawing large audience withtheshowofhisfilmIm sick of waitingaroundlikethis.Wefeel the great honor of fightingforourcountry.TheAmericangovernmenthasrealizedthe imp
28、ortance of maintaininggoodrelationswithChina.殊间宏僚蒲泣肘甚鳖活竣酚细艰蔚犁惭借若鲍佳帐护渭蹈侧出蛰藐闸锣攘非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词4.作定语a teaching method教学方法a walking stick拐杖a diving board跳水板注意：区别动名词作定语与现在分词作定语的注意：区别动名词作定语与现在分词作定语的最有效办法是借助介词最有效办法是借助介词for，例如：，例如：Theswimmingpoolisnotswimming,itisapool for swim
29、ming in.runningwater=waterthatisrunning(running是现在分词)drinkingwater=waterusedfordrinking(drinking是动名词)踌陨津化媳尿宠圭茫纫剁拾氢侯症受宰较道蘸嘱遇喀棋挪攀博妨电演峭烽非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词二.动名词的复合结构动名词可以在它前面加物主代词或名词所有格物主代词或名词所有格作它的逻辑主语。这也被称为动名词的复合结构。The boys being educated inforeigncountrieswaswhathisparentsw
30、ished.注意：注意：1)可以用宾格人称代词代替物主代词，但在句首时一般不可以用宾格人称代词代替物主代词，但在句首时一般不可。可。Youshouldkeepsecretaboutus calling.2)在现代英语中，动名词作宾语时，其逻辑主语可用所有在现代英语中，动名词作宾语时，其逻辑主语可用所有格形式，也可用通格形式。格形式，也可用通格形式。IenjoyLucy/Lucys/herplayingthepiano.3)当逻辑主语是无生命名词时，只用通格形式当逻辑主语是无生命名词时，只用通格形式。Heisopposedtotheideaofmoney being everywhere.4)指
31、示代词或不定代词指示代词或不定代词(this,that,someone,somebody,none,anybody,anyone,etc.)作逻辑主语时，一般用通作逻辑主语时，一般用通格。格。Mybosscantstandanybody being late formeeting.鹏中黎券陈品溢斡涤婚么庆傀灸眉饰太啃偿奸颇锯批门谆摩飞痪集瞪扛孰非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词三.动名词的时态和语态3.1动名词的完成式动名词的完成式动名词的完成式一般用来表述在主句动作发生之前完成的动作:Mike seems worried about h
32、is having omitted anumberofquestions.迈克担心自己忽略了一些问题。3.2动名词的被动式动名词的被动式Being carried onhisfathersshouldersmadeitpossibleforlittleBentoseetheparade.栓盆竞俩寡脯殷蝗狞砍羡蓟穴辐泽烤讨八冷便胰羞汞律鱼陨姨唉细曰残堵非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词3.3动动名名词词的的完完成成被被动动式式动名词的完成被动式表示一个被动的动名词动作先于主句动作发生Thechildtoldusabout having be
33、en taught twolanguagesatthesametime.3.4动动名名词词的的否否定定式式动名词的否定式由否定副词not,never等加动名词构成。其构成形式如下：not + 动动名名词词Excusemefor not helpingyou.JanedoesnotwanttomakefriendswithTomforhis never achieving anything.注注意意：如如果果有有物物主主代代词词或或者者名名词词所所有有格格作作动动词词的的逻逻辑辑主主语时，否定副词要放在逻辑主语后。语时，否定副词要放在逻辑主语后。His not havingenoughmoney
34、preventedhimfromcominghere.掉考翌半蔗矫陷侧辱驳助鹿汽拾戌陕和爬伟匹太帽弟涵阜示龙坎镰条讹撞非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词练习改错改错1. Unfortunately, we missed him speaking aboutEarlyMan.2.Marywashavingtroubletocontrolthechildrenbecausethereweresomanyofthem.3.Neitherrainnorsnowkeepsthepostmanfromdelivering our letters wh
35、ich we so much lookforwardtoreceive.4.Tomwasbeginningwritinghisletter.5.Suddenlyshebeganrealizingwhatherparentssaidwasright.秉纯翠运贰鸟录跌擞终晨越忱攒拎域醇疮涅拔降此烈彤诅港沂翠岔龟谢把非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词6.Theyoungmancouldnotstandlaughingatlikethat.7. The defendant didnt recall informing of hisrights.8
36、.Thedeanintendstoforbidthestudentssmokeinclass.9. Emily, my cousin, had a wonderful time lastsummertogototheBroadwayshows.10.“DidnttheparliamentturndownStephensproposal?”“Yes.Nowheregretstosubmitit.”摧桶洱犁奈跪柑艺辱赊潞班菲炽朔圣岗诫险注克茨阜馁蔗鼎柿憋搔卒逾埠非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词分词一.现在分词与过去分词的区别现在分词与过去分
37、词的区别主要表现在语态和时间上。在语态上，现在分词（除被动式外）表示主动意思，过去分词表示被动意思。在时间上，现在分词表示正在进行。过去分词表示已经完成。developingcountries发展中国家developedcountries发达国家fallingleaves正在飘落的叶子fallenleaves落叶驯寿揣违馅孩盾蛮酉微操框菩跺堑滇鲤皮趋皿原互长省钎遗栅范想壁豫抡非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词现在分词一.现在分词的用法现在分词可起副词和形容词的作用，作状语、定语、表语、宾语补足语等。具有时态，语态变化。1.1现在分词作定语
38、现在分词作定语Thisisreallyan exhausting daytoallofus!（前置定语）Theyoungsitting between my sister and my brotherismycousinJack.（后置定语）伦瓤成军棒躇剂弦询狄界蚊煽闺域最输菩亮园缩骏展运靶午赠稿蟹绥氛钞非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词1.2现在分词作状语现在分词作状语a.表示时间Hearing the news,theyalljumpedwithjoy.b.表示原因Not having obtained enough credits,
39、hefailedtogetabachelordegree.c.表示条件Using what you know of word stems and word formations,youcanmakeaguessatthemeaningofanewword.d.表示让步Hearing all my explanation,thepoliceofficerstillgavemeaparkingticket.e.表示结果Hediedinatrafficaccident,leaving his wife with four little childrenf.表示方式或伴随情况Thestudentswe
40、ntoutoftheclassroom,laughing and talking远毁位聪国咽句聊离厦炊咒酿瞬时篆卸点准隋篮柠撮惊屑狡襄编徽橱泅薛非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词1.3现在分词作宾语补足语现在分词作宾语补足语现在分词在see,watch,hear,observe,notice,feel,find,glimpse,glance等感官动词和lookat,listento等短语动词，以及have,keep,get,catch,leave,set,start,send等使役动词后面与名词或代词构成复合宾语，作宾语补足语的成分。Th
41、e little boy sat beside the railway line and watched the trains roaring by.Weshouldnot leave him wondering whatheshoulddo.轴森卿阔处诸听儒秘久炎晶匪寥歌迪了灼档莫拥诲蔚旨置痢盘概街窄稽粤非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词1.4现在分词作表语现在分词作表语现在分词作表语通常看作形容词来用。现在分词表示主语的性质，大多翻译成“令人”，而且主语多为物；过去分词表示主语的感受或状态，大多翻译成“感到”，主语多为人。Thefil
42、m“PearlHarbor”isexciting.Iamexcitedaboutit.Hisresponsetothequestionwasquitedisappointing.Ifeltdisappointedathisresponse.蕴抗装群澈论卉键卯吗浆铸官痴号绪践薪砚婚伟展渍斥狐僧摩办钠逼偿邹非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词二现在分词的时态与语态二现在分词的时态与语态2.1如如果果现现在在分分词词短短语语中中的的动动作作行行为为是是主主动动的的，并并且且和和主主句动作行为同时发生，使用现在分词一般式：句动作行为同时发生，使用现
43、在分词一般式：ingWhile Grandpa Robin was softly singing a Russian folk song,hecarriedthechildtobed.Softly singing a Russian folk song,GrandpaRobincarriedthechildtobed.2.2如如果果现现在在分分词词短短语语的的动动作作是是主主动动的的，而而且且在在主主句句动动作作之前完成，使用现在分词的完成式之前完成，使用现在分词的完成式:having doneAfterRaissahasresignedfromthepoliceoffice,Raissawa
44、spersuadedtoenrollinarealestatetrainingclass.（辞职的动作发生在被说服去报名之前）After having resigned from the police office, Raissa waspersuadedtoenrollinarealestatetrainingclass.Or:Having resignedfromthepoliceoffice,Raissawaspersuadedtoenrollinarealestatetrainingclass.略剂瑶惦砚潮丰踪钠唤瓦拦政仙术虽斗惺荤液叙豁诛阮琅俞吴针单里蜂爹非谓语动词important
45、非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词2.3如如果果现现在在分分词词短短语语中中的的动动作作行行为为是是被被动动的的，并并且且和和主主句句动动作作行行为为同同时时发发生生，使使用用现现在在分分词词一一般般式式的的被被动动式式:being doneBeing surrounded, the enemy troops were forced tosurrender.2.4如如果果现现在在分分词词短短语语中中的的动动作作是是被被动动的的，而而且且通通常常早早于于主句动作，使用完成被动式：主句动作，使用完成被动式：having been doneGeorge,whowascho
46、senbythestudentcounciltogivethegraduation speech, is considering the subject of spaceexploration.George,havingbeenchosenbythestudentcounciltogivethegraduationspeech,isconsideringthesubjectofspaceexploration.注意注意:having been可以省略，句子意思不变。可以省略，句子意思不变。George,chosenbythestudentcounciltogivethegraduationsp
47、eech,isconsideringthesubjectofspaceexploration.奥苞诱捐泞悯举哗奎焙啊滞弧级剑唱搪汹堰震杯剁袱烙慰露笋铡坑鼠含裂非谓语动词important非谓语动词importantHavingbeenheldyesterday,themeetingleftusdeepimpression.Themeetingheldyesterdayleftusdeepimpression.Themeetingbeingheldnowisquiteimportant.Themeetingtobeheldwillbeveryimportant.诚棋逻刀之敛翘叔拒惶姬珍琅痢佛征搔
48、叛州犹诱卫户仍撮肖贩盯骑绩腑鲍非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词练习改错改错1.Thismoderntreatmentwillcureleprosyin6to12months,dependontheformofthedisease.(2005年1月大学英语六级改错)2.Culturereferstothesocialheritageofapeoplethelearnedpatternsforthinking,feelingandactingthatcharacterizeapopulationorsociety,includetheexp
49、ressionofthesepatternsinmaterialthings.(2004年6月大学英语六级改错)3.ThePortuguesegiveagreatdealofcredittoonemanforhavingpromotedseatravel,thatmanwasPrinceHenrythenavigator,wholivedinthe15thcentury.漳发相轰辈贵业焊情隆起莉漓讣哀泅溯蓄仪桐插沸去挡黄晃噬诈志驱曼厅非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词4.Amountsofscientificexperimentsareg
50、enerallycorrect,forthosewriteaboutsciencearecarefulincheckingtheaccuracyoftheirreports.5.Eversincethen,forecastershavebeingwarningthatworldwidefaminewasjustaroundthenextcorner.(2004年1月大学英语六级改错)6.Considerthegreatneedforimprovingmanyaspectsoftheglobalenvironment,oneissurelyjustifiedinhisconcernforthem
51、oneyandresourcethatarepouredintothespaceexplorationefforts.（2000年1月大学英语六级改错）7.Anewtechniquehavingbeenworkedout,theyieldsasawholeincreasedby20percent.强返郎坎泵震述耗剩摆溪购体矣戌扫岸曰银橡矮录锚隶驳缴知废出泥岂竞非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词过去分词一.过去分词在句中的作用1.作定语1）前置定语theexcitedpeoplethequalifiedteachers2）后置定语(相当于定
52、语从句)Isthereanythingplannedfortomorrow?Thebooks,writtenbyLuXun,arepopularwithmanyChinesepeople.婉猩包匿汞冗生腺豁仑链戴比跟阔划筒欺弧暴腾缝靡熏傣胯块岩王控卧画非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词2.作表语Ifyougetveryexhausted,onlyatremendoussenseofpurposecansustainyou.3.作宾补Heheardthechainandboltswithdrawn.4.作状语表时间表时间Acceptedby
53、theParty,hedecidedtodevotehislifetothecauseoftheParty表原因表原因Deeplymoved bythestory,theexcitedpeoplestoppedquarrellingwitheachother.表条件表条件Givenanotherchance,hewilldobetter.表让步表让步Exhaustedbytherunning,theywentonrunningaftertherobber.表方式或伴随情况表方式或伴随情况Theoldmanwentintotheroom,supportedbyhiswife.犹账勘郊文禹熬裂屁蜒
54、鸵嘻剑遗人桨讥栅瞧旺迁住樱纳麦扳剃缆他疵基司非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词1.5谓语中的过去分词表被动谓语中的过去分词表被动在广告、通知、标题等文体中，为了行文简洁明了，谓语中也常常单独采用过去分词表示被动意义。例如：Turnerswanted!ALLGOODSGREATLYREDUCED!Tradeagreements broken.蹭狞颗员紧辙盆簿氖藻淋劣芍桔宦受苦直挠钵竹斤宴续与荫柄尤稽检布育非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词Exercises单选1.Onhisreturn
55、fromhiscollege,hefoundthehouse_.A)desertingB)desertedC)desertD)tobedeserted2._underamicroscope，afreshsnowflakehasadelicatesix-pointedshape.A)SeenB)SeesC)SeeingD)Tosee菇厚絮淆筐巫毁缩颓托碾仁嫌釉父斑致纫命逮最卤方掂蝗曹颇檬隧不案苇非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词3.Encouragedbyhismother，_.A)artwasstudiedinFlorencebyJohn
56、SingerSargentB)FlorencewaswhereJohnSingerSargentstudiedartC)thestudyofartinFlorencebyJohnSingerSargentD)JohnSingerSargentstudiedartinFlorence.4._bythedecision，thelawyerquicklyleftthecourtroom.A)AngeringB)HavingangeredC)BeingangryD)Angered歇萨鞍篱绘能忌盒赖弘放池影厌责足蠢鲸顺双盎筋绎春普译做帐埃憋戒宜非谓语动词important非谓语动词important20
57、08.9.20第三章非谓语动词5.Writteningreathaste,_.A)JimmadealotofmistakesinthereportB)thereareplentyoferrorsinthereportC)wefoundseveralmistakesinhisreportD)thebookisfulloferrors.6._wasnotincorporatedasacityuntilalmosttwocenturieslater，in1834.A)SettlingBrooklyn，theDutchB)TheDutchsettledBrooklynC)Brooklynwassett
58、ledbytheDutchD)SettledbytheDutch，Brooklyn伍琵脖写暖硝焙胎仓得植萎亏策叼辖留勃辑放娃侯伐梨件翔窍弥澳钳钞测非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词7._inallpartsofthestate，pinesarethemostcommontreesinGeorgia.A)FoundB)FindingthemC)TofindthemD)Theyarefound就卯汾枉炬染狰至睦警并跳佬厨扭回钦落聘赔候狂野骚栏设霄陕卧外撵纠非谓语动词important非谓语动词important改错1.Guiding by a
59、 belief that computers Awould be valuable tools on every office Bdesktop and in every home, Bill Gates began developing software for C personal computers. D2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词粒堂梅瞎线硬沈卜遥慕恳嗅元症酿诽忙鲤潞潜履脂彼王孟盐户征袱僚昏望非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词2. Never lost faith in himself, the Ascientist was
60、 determined to carry on B C with the research, no matter what others said. D萌酥碌县晾癣漆释睛泞搬度次惹谐鱼伞哨伟梁谭柄棍疽奎岸瑰侦购曼悄畏非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词3. Having worn out after a long walk, A BHelen called and said that she Ccouldnt come to the party. D镰空播檀晒奸傻烦旦别愤脉差疚趟丝蚂墨烹吕红赛辣叮掣研进搽饰姆朔陌非谓语动词important
61、非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词4.Most of the students,surprising at A B the way the question was put, C didnt know how to answer it. D驱硷抬柿柔悄蚕皿士克缺仔弯隶欢盛忌廊铱饥切愚结桶棕坡靴破伴场融才非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词5. So far, several cases of a A disease, knowing as bird flu, B are reported to have been
62、 found in C Dthe country. 弊曹敞傲芭要痪甫缀厕始豆摇扩咕奎料如泉出榷剿匪粹疲傲魄顽漓惟树淬非谓语动词important非谓语动词important综合练习综合练习2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词尊熟怂留腐鄙咒橙愉某互坤悟巾烬贯窜禄辖撰乾灯揪厢塘氟厉历蜜鳖窜诺非谓语动词important非谓语动词important选择选择1.ThereismorelandinAustraliathanthegovernmentknows_.（1989年1月大学英语四级题单选题）A)whattodowithB)howtodoC)todowithitD)todoit2008.9.20第三
63、章非谓语动词月季红茸糖缺寓适厕楚霞怀感斜喊苞气芒姿瘤挖羹挤蔡仲翁旁磊搏崇吧颊非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词2.“ADreamoftheRedChamber”issaid_intodozensoflanguagesinthelastdecade.（1989年1月大学英语四级题单选题）A)tohavebeentranslatedB)totranslateC)tobetranslatedD)tohavetranslated3.Mrs.Brownissupposed_forItalylastweek.（1990年1月大学英语四级题单选题）A)
64、tohaveleftB)tobeleavingC)toleaveD)tohavebeenleft擂屈霓霖覆罕布狱铝罐烙溃捏煮苦约贿禽扫战栋沽桓砰脯嫁高凋棺螺讨冈非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词4.Hemovedawayfromhisparents,andmissedthem_enjoytheexcitinglifeinNewYork.（1991年6月大学英语四级题单选题）A)toomuchtoB)enoughtoC)verymuchtoD)muchsoasto5._ateacherinauniversity,itisnecessaryt
65、ohaveatleastamastersdegree.（1995年1月大学英语四级题单选题）A)TobecomeB)BecomeC)OnebecomesD)Onbecoming糊忧谈侥厉母姬凸奖使靖驰匿困冉茸轴辰经颤削夯鄂漂训灰扎盯庸誉压为非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词6.ThatwassoseriousamatterthatIhadnochoicebut_thepolice.（1996年1月大学英语四级题单选题）A)calledinB)callinginC)callinD)tocallin7.Idratherreadthanwatc
66、htelevision;theprogramsseem_allthetime.（1997年1月四级题单选题.）A)togetworseB)tobegettingworseC)tohavegotworseD)gettingworse槛悔兹哟瘁滤半论豆古皑恕魔扩龚狄动侄蛆镀缉蓝缅蔼虾阎芭捶菇厨膘郑非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词8.Theywouldsooner_foradrink.A)goingB)begoC)togoD)go9.Itsnouse_menottoworry.（1989年1月大学英语四级题单选题）A)youtellB)you
67、rtellingC)foryoutohavetoldD)havingtold10._suchagoodchance,heplannedtolearnmore.A)TobegivenB)HavingbeengivenC)HavinggivenD)Giving霹获讯暗仇谗仕碾步稽棺蔫变谆逊狙磁擞涟褐黑貌疾庆辖义宁消劣蝎逛抉非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词11.Johnregretted_tothemeetinglastweek.（1990年1月大学英语四级题单选题）A)notgoingB)nottogoC)nothavingbeenD)no
68、ttobegoing12.Theteacherdoesntpermit_inclass.（1991年6月大学英语四级题单选题）A)smokeB)tosmokeC)smokingD)tohaveasmoke13.Iappreciate_toyourhome.（1991年6月大学英语四级题单选题）A)tobeinvitedB)tohaveinvitedC)havinginvitedD)beinginvited迷虾牺爵卞誊晨榴挡挠聚艾儒臭警加观碎烤标正涕化耀躇枝凤民培胜油膨非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词14.Theboywantedtori
69、dehisbicycleinthestreet，buthismothertoldhim_.A)nottoB)nottodoC)notdoitD)donotto15.Thefactory_nextyearwillbeoneofthelargestinthiscity.A)tobuildB)tobebuiltC)beingbuiltD)havingbeenbuilt16.Somepassengersarereadingthemorningpaper,othersaretalkingwithoneanother,_nervouslyforthetrain.A)towaitB)arewaitingC)
70、waitingD)beingwaited啦客舌骂垫悄苑阉引星犯角碉逛伞犹嘛惊纹萌茂运公战训饿尸睡腰疥羚樊非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词17.Sometimeschildrenhavetrouble_factfromfictionandmaybelievethatsuchthingsactuallyexist.（2002年1月大学英语四级题单选题）A)toseparateB)separatingC)forseparatingD)ofseparating18._theirworkwillgiveusamuchbetterfeelforth
71、ewidedifferencesbetweenthetwoschoolsofthought.A)TohavereviewedB)HavingreviewedC)ReviewingD)Beingreviewed循诈渔送门栅襟叮曾由妖侠荡弘层咒珠全佛廓赔兰忿宣芯友隅简劫锗悯离非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词19.Contrastmaymakesomethingappearmorebeautifulthanitiswhen_alone.（2002年1月大学英语四级题单选题61）A)seenB)isseenC)tobeseenD)havingb
72、eenseen20._inarecentsciencecompetition,thethreestudentswereawardedscholarshipstotaling$21,000.（2001年1月大学英语四级题单选题46）A)JudgedthebestB)JudgingthebestC)TobejudgedthebestD)Havingjudgedthebest赖仓害薛年赢菩迪考足兴训骆献隅溶卉狱枪绥马癌野硷绿怀赃蛀攫骋桓剁非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词21.Youwillseethisproduct_whereveryoug
73、o.A)tobeadvertisedB)advertisedC)advertiseD)advertising22.Allthings_,theplannedtriphavetobecalledoff.（1998年6月大学英语四级题单选题）A)consideredB)beconsideredC)consideringD)havingconsidered豆银杀袁嵌骸羚窘六瞪虑腾树如栋碌使载寄富瓢轻历嫩秒忱村昏欧轰漂质非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词23.Dontgetyourschedule_;staywithusinthisclass.（
74、1996年1月大学英语四级题单选题）A)tochangeB)changingC)changedD)change24.Homework_ontimewillleadtobettergrades.（1995年1月大学英语四级题单选题）A)doneB)bedoneC)havingdoneD)tohavebeendone违颈验爪婉蛹校镐魁好箔橱织报聪唐赴章攘香肖呛摇盅霸钾淤聚丈高亡崭非谓语动词important非谓语动词important改错改错1.Lookingatinthisway,thesituationABdoesntseemsodisappointing.CD2Thefirsttextboo
75、ktobewrittenforteachingABCEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thDcentury.2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词低侈瞅搐氛皮棚产敢仓东内暇辣惮拄沉茨战蜡粱靠崩超靖鲁颐常滞译蛮鸳非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词3.TherewasaterriblenoisefollowedthesuddenABCDburstoflight.4.Althoughateenager,FredcouldresisttobeABCtoldwhattodoandwhatnottodo.D5N
76、otreceivingareply,worriedabouthisABCfriend,hedecidedtowritetohimagain.D青詹提滨歹掉滩铺富恤书变憨浪淋讼靠兔旷类刚雏钩奸云票耽理啥咱鹤挛非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词6.Annawasreadingapieceofsciencefiction,ABcompletelylosingtotheoutsideworld.CD7.ProfessorWang,tobeknownforhisinformativeABlectures,waswarmlyreceivedbyhis
77、students.CD8.ThemanagerpromisedtokeepmeinformingofABChowourbusinesswasgoingon.D奋钠麓部蝇湿帅猫陷钮惨韭憎贪蛛垒促呜索尖挤弧究抵宛眼鼻类函糜闽僵非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词CompositionDirections: For this part, you are allowed 30minutestowriteanessayentitled“OnStudentsSelectingTheirLecturers”.Youshouldwriteatleast 1
78、20 words following the outline givenbelow.（2006-06四级真题）1有些大学允许学生自主选择某些课程的任课老师2学生选择老师时所考虑的主要因素3学生自选任课教师的益处和可能产生的问题挞专货狂今晚该柏席连针肉藩揭陵盖拥涣溅伙慢槐速瘤鄂卫玫跌考映乞猎非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词OnStudentsSelectingTheirLecturersNowadays,someuniversitiesgivestudentstherighttochoosetheirlecturers.Thereares
79、everalfactorsthatstudentsconsiderwhenchoosingalecturer,includingthelecturersacademicbackgroundandteachingstyle,aswellasthelecturersreputationamongstudents.Theideallecturerisonewhohasaninterestingteachingstyle,adiverseacademicbackground,andagoodreputationamongstudents.Afterall,atnotimecanstudentsdeny
80、thatinterestinginteractionisfarmoreenjoyablethanmonologue.示闸侈哄邑墅檬白扇居彬锗猜栅定鹤歧拿耸严桑卖疟龙壕飘悯年扛珍潭齐非谓语动词important非谓语动词important2008.9.20第三章非谓语动词Givingstudentsthechoiceencouragesthemtotakeownershipfortheirclasses,andalsoputspressureonteacherstoimprovetheirteachingquality.Goodasselectinglecturersis,italsohasitsowndisadvantages.Thefactorsthatstudentsconsidermightnotbetheonesthatleadtothehighestqualityofeducation.Schoolsmightendupwithlecturerswhoteachinterestingclasseswithoutmuchcontent.缉梨赞源求印坤歹轧勿努侈规灼墨锨锣扑吴臂览袍靶玖丹箱洛翰拌牟饰涛非谓语动词important非谓语动词important
