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1、非谓语作状语非谓语作状语 高三英语语法复习四高三英语语法复习四将下列状语从句转换为非谓语形式将下列状语从句转换为非谓语形式 1. When you are riding in the street during the rush hour, you must be careful. _ in the street during the rush hour, you must be careful.2. As she didnt know his telephone number, she had some difficulty getting in touch with Bill. _ his
2、 telephone number, she had some difficulty getting in touch with Bill.3. After he had watered the garden, he began to mow the lawn. _ the garden, he began to mow the lawn.RidingNot knowingHaving watered将下列状语从句转换为非谓语形式将下列状语从句转换为非谓语形式 4. Though he has lived in Canada for three years, he still cant spe
3、ak English well. _ in Canada for three years, he still cant speak English well.5. After he had been writing all day long, he was tired. _ all day long, he was tired.6. If I were given more time, I would be able to complete it. _ more time, I would be able to complete it.Having livedHaving been writi
4、ngGiven 将下列状语从句转换为非谓语形式将下列状语从句转换为非谓语形式 7. If it is used economically, the money can support you for the whole week. _ economically, the money can support you for the whole week.8. His wife died three years ago so that she left him with five children. His wife died three years ago, _ him with five ch
5、ildren.9. The teacher came into the classroom and he was followed by his students. The teacher came into the classroom, _ by his students.Used leavingfollowed注意注意nHe cried out, _ (run) to me breathlessly and told me the results. ran分词作状语形式分词作状语形式 主主动被被动一般体一般体进行体行体完成体完成体完成完成进行体行体/doing donedoingbeing
6、 donehaving donehaving been donehaving been doingdoing与done作状语的区别 n_ (see) from the hill, I can have a birds eye of the whole city.n_ (see) from the hill, the whole city is so beautiful.Seeing Seen done与being done作状语的区别 n_ (grow) up, she doesnt depend on her parents any longer.n_ (chase) by some spi
7、es, I hid myself in the grass.GrownBeing chaseddoing与having done作状语的区别 n_ (ride) in the street during the rush hour, you must be careful.n_ (finish) his exercises, he went to play basketball.n_ (live) in Canada for three years, he still cant speak English well.Riding Having finishedHaving liveddone与
8、having been done作状语的区别 n_ (show) the lab, we were taken to see the library.n_ (show) many times, he still didnt understand the operation of the machine.(Having been) shownHaving been shownhaving done与having been doing作状语的区别 n_ (write) a composition, he began to have a rest.n_ (write) all day long, h
9、e was tired.Having writtenHaving been writing非谓语前保留连词或加介词的非谓语前保留连词或加介词的情况情况 nAs soon as he heard the news, he burst out crying. _ the news, he burst out crying.nIf they were given more time, they would do it better. _ more time, they would do it better.nAfter he was punished, he became self-discipli
10、ned. _, he became self-disciplined.On hearingIf givenAfter being finished注意注意 nafter, before 后面跟的非谓语是动名词形式，所以被动要用_nas soon as引导的时间状语从句变成非谓语，可以加_来强调，后面跟的非谓语动词多为_等。n可以保留的连词有：可以保留的连词有：being doneonhear, see, arrive when, while, even if/though, if, although, once, unless, until, as if/though +doing/done不
11、定式作目的状语不定式作目的状语 相当于相当于in order to do, so as to do _为了学好英语, we must study hard. He got up early _为了赶上头班车。 *否定形式：Lets hurry _为了开会不迟到。 To learn English well in order to/so as to catch the early bus. in order not to/so as not to be late for the meeting. 不定式作结果状语不定式作结果状语1）only to do结构 He ran to the stati
12、on in a hurry, _结果发现the train had left.2）never to do结构 His father left the hometown, _再无音信。only to findnever to be heard from.3） tooto结构 He is too young to look after himself. 中文：_ He is too wise not to know it. 中文：_ It is never too late to learn. 中文：_ He was too anxious to leave. 中文：_表示肯定含义的情况：表示_的
13、形容词；_他太年轻以至于不能照顾自己。他太年轻以至于不能照顾自己。 他很聪明不会不知道这个。他很聪明不会不知道这个。 活到老，学到老。活到老，学到老。 他非常渴望离开。他非常渴望离开。 心理活动心理活动all tooto, but tooto, only tooto 4）enough to do结构 He is _到参军年龄了。5）soas to do结构 He got up _如此晚以至于miss the train.old enough to join the army.so late as to 不定式与分词作状语的区别不定式与分词作状语的区别 nThey stood by the ro
14、adside, talking about the plan.nThey stood by the roadside to talk about the plan.nHe let me repeat his instruction, just to make sure that I understood what was to be done after he went away. 独立主格结构独立主格结构 1. As it is so nice a day, we go out for a walk. _, we go out for a walk.2. After the guests h
15、ad left, she began to clean the room. _, she began to clean the room.3. If weather permits, well be going fishing tomorrow. _, well be going fishing tomorrow.It being so nice a day The guests having left Weather permitting 4. The sports meeting will be held next week, so we must get ready for it. _,
16、 we must get ready for it.5. As her glasses were broken, she couldnt see the words on the blackboard. _, she couldnt see the words on the blackboard.6. All the money had been spent, so we started looking for work. _, we started looking for work.The sports meeting to be held next week Her glasses bro
17、ken All the money (having been) spent n独立主格结构独立主格结构=_=_ _逻辑主语逻辑主语 非谓语结构非谓语结构 牢牢记住牢牢记住分词短语在句中作独立成分分词短语在句中作独立成分n坦率地说坦率地说n总的来说总的来说n严格地说严格地说n考虑到考虑到n从从判断判断n说起说起n假定假定nfrankly speakingngenerally speakingnstrictly speaking nconsidering njudging from=judged by=judging by ntalking of=speaking of ngiven 不定式在句中
18、作独立成分不定式在句中作独立成分 n总之总之n老实说老实说n更糟糕的是更糟糕的是n首先首先nto conclude=to sum up nto be honest=to tell the truth nto make things worse nto begin with with引导的独立主格结构引导的独立主格结构 1. with+宾语+介词短语 He was asleep with his head _在手臂上。注意：在这种结构中，with有时也可省略，若省略，逻辑主语前不能加冠词。 A policeman entered the room, _（=with a gun in his ha
19、nd） 2. with+宾语+形容词 He usually sleeps with the windows _开着even in winter.on his arms opengun in hand.3. with+宾语+doing With the boy _带路, we found his house easily.4. with+宾语+done He stood silently, with his eyes _盯着on the screen.leading the way fixed5. with+宾语+to do I cant go out with all these dishes
20、 _要洗。to wash Exercises1. All the tasks _ ahead of time, they decided to go on a holiday for a week. A. had been fulfilled B. were fulfilled C. having been fulfilled D. been fulfilled2. All things _, the planned trip will have to be called off. A. considered B. be considered C. considering D. having
21、consideredExercises3. The sale usually take the place outside the house, with the audience _ on benches, chairs or boxes. A. having seated B. seating C. seated D. having been seated4. After the Arab states won independence, great emphasis was laid on expanding education, with girls as well as boys _
22、 to go to school. A. to be encouraged B. being encouraged C. been encouraged D. be encouragedExercises5. _ with the picture, Mary tore it into pieces. A. Dissatisfying B. To dissatisfy C. Dissatisfied D. To be dissatisfied6. Ann was reading a piece of science fiction, completely _ to the outside wor
23、ld. A. having been lost B. to be lost C. losing D. lostExercises7. I am quite sure even if _ he wont go to the celebration. A. invite B. to be invited C. being invited D. invited8. _ how to work out this problem, he went to ask the teacher for help. A. Not having known B. Not knowing C. Having not k
24、nown D. Not to knowExercises9. She was so tired as to fall asleep quickly, _ the light _ all night. A. have, burn B. had, burnt C. having, burnt D. having, burning10. The personal computer exhibition, _ at the exhibition center last Tuesday, has drawn a large number of people. A. open B. opened C. o
25、pening D. to be openedExercises11. As my car was under repair, I decided to buy a motorbike _. A. to go to work on B. to go to work C. going to work by D. for going to work12. _ possible accident, Harry drove his car to the new building, _ straight to the project managers office. A. To prevent, and
26、rushed B. Having prevented, and rushed C. Preventing, rushing D. Prevent, rushingExercises13. With everything she needed _, she left the store, _. A. to buy, satisfying B. having bought, satisfying C. buying, to be satisfied D. bought, satisfied14. About 5 feet and _ barely 100 pounds, she is the only child of my neighbor. A. weighed B. weighing C. weight D. to weightExercises15. He came out from his home, his face _ an expression of pure joy. A. was wearing B. wore C. worn D. wearing
