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1、Australia1课堂使用Nation-building from a Convict SettlementvThe introduction of Australia historyvEvents and people that made a nation2课堂使用Australia historyvThe early pre-colonial period vThe colonial period before FederationvModern times after Federation3课堂使用The earliest residents vAboriginesvAround 50
2、,000 to 60,000 years agovBefore the arrival of the white settlers in 17884课堂使用Didgeridoo5课堂使用The colonial period before FederationvEuropean discovery of AustraliavAustralia as the convict settlement /penal colony6课堂使用European discovery of Australia v1770 Captain James Cook discovered the eastern coa
3、st of Australia (New South Wales)vThe first discovery of Australia by Dutch explorers was in 1606, but they didnt realize it.v1642 Dutch navigator Abel Tasman sighted the Tasmania and named it Van Diemans landv1688 William Dampier was the first English navigator to see Australia (northwest coast)7课堂
4、使用Captain James CookvA national hero in Australia vthe greatest British explorer and navigator vContribution to the European knowledge of the Southern Hemisphere and providing important information for the First Fleet that was going to set up overseas colony for Britain in 17888课堂使用v1755 Royal Navyv
5、1768 an expedition to the south pacific with a secret purpose to find the southern continent v1770 discovered the eastern coast of Australia (New South Wales) and soon claimed the entire continent for the Britain9课堂使用Australia as the convict settlementTime: began in1788Background: the independence o
6、f the 13 American colonies in 1776 meant Britain had lost its overseas prison in North America.Reason: to alleviate pressure on the overburdened prisons and reduce the crime rate in BritainEvent: the First Fleet10课堂使用The First FleetAdmiral Arthur Phillip: the Governor of the colony On January 18,178
7、8, the Fleet arrived at Botany Bay (not suitable for settlement; infertile; shortage of water; unfriendly Aborigines ) On January 26, 1788, entered Port Jackson and chose the site Sydney Cove as the first British settlement in Australia. (thats why January 26 is celebrated as Australia Day) On May 1
8、3, 1787, the First Fleet of 11 ships sailed from Britain to Australia.11课堂使用Admiral Arthur Phillipvthe founding father of AustraliaReasons:vfounded the first British settlement in Australia at a site in Port Jackson (Sydney Harbor)vset up civil administration with courts of law instead of establishi
9、ng the colony as a military prison.vWhen he left New South Wales in 1792, the colony was well-established.12课堂使用Sydney Harbor13课堂使用British settlementvFrom 1788 to 1888, seven colonies were set up under the British rule, and the economies of the colonies developed well.vGold rush(1851)vIn 1868, trans
10、portation of convicts to Australia ended and free migrants from Britain began settling down.14课堂使用 The Gold RushThe discovery of gold in Australia began in 1851 and occurred in the aftermath of a worldwide economic depressionmarked a turning point in Australias colonial historytransformed Australia
11、economically, politically,and demographicallycaused more and more free settlers coming and a rise of the anti-transportation movement saw outbursts of racist violence against the Chinese gold miners 15课堂使用The federation of AustraliavOn January 1, 1901, the establishment of the Commonwealth of Austra
12、liav1931 an independent nation of the British Commonwealthv19141918, world war I v19391945,world war IIvAfter world war, a large amount of immigrants went to Australia and contributed to the development of Australia16课堂使用The federation of AustraliaGold rushThe First FleetCaptain James CookstimulateT
13、he beginning of the British settlement in AustraliaProvide information for First Fleet17课堂使用Modern times after federationvrapid economic development : the embracement of multiculturalism and Asian economic boomvChallenges: race relation (refuse to endorse the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples; indigenous people have a living standard much lower than the other Australians) global warming terrorism18课堂使用19课堂使用Thank you20课堂使用
